Method for installing a special equipment

Abstract

The application provides a special equipment installation method, which comprises the following steps: determining a front field area and a rear field area according to a terrain environment, wherein the terrain of the front field area is lower than that of the rear field area; installing a lower structure in the front field area and installing an upper structure in the rear field area; and pushing the upper structure to the lower structure and folding the upper structure and the lower structure. By combining the terrain environment, the installation of special equipment such as a bridge crane can be realized, the use of engineering machinery such as a large-tonnage floating crane can be significantly reduced, and the cost of assembling operations of special equipment in an area with a large terrain difference can be reduced.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of engineering machinery, and in particular, to a method for installing special equipment. BACKGROUND

[0002] At present, traditional equipment such as cranes or floating cranes are usually used to assemble special equipment such as bridge cranes. However, traditional equipment such as cranes or floating cranes are only suitable for operation in areas with relatively flat terrain. When assembling a bridge crane in an area with complex terrain and large height difference, such as the upper reaches of the Yangtze River, a large number of crane station supports need to be erected or a large-tonnage floating crane needs to be used, resulting in a significant increase in installation costs. SUMMARY

[0003] The problem solved by the present application is how to reduce the cost of assembling special equipment such as bridge cranes in areas with large terrain differences.

[0004] To solve the above problem, the present application provides a method for installing special equipment, the special equipment comprising an upper structure and a lower structure, the method comprising:

[0005] determining a front field area and a rear field area according to the terrain environment, wherein the terrain of the front field area is lower than that of the rear field area;

[0006] installing the lower structure in the front field area and installing the upper structure in the rear field area;

[0007] pushing the upper structure onto the lower structure and folding the upper structure and the lower structure together.

[0008] Optionally, the installing the lower structure in the front field area and installing the upper structure in the rear field area comprises:

[0009] installing a pushing support and an assembly support in the rear field area to form a track, and staggering the pushing support and the assembly support, erecting pier columns in the front field area, and arranging the pier columns in the extension direction of the track.

[0010] installing the upper structure on the track;

[0011] installing the lower structure on the pier columns, and arranging the top of the lower structure and the top of the track at the same elevation.

[0012] Optionally, the special equipment is a bridge crane, and the upper structure comprises a main beam, an end beam, a stand, a triangular frame, a top frame, and a trolley.

[0013] The mounting of the superstructure onto the track comprises:

[0014] The mounting of the girder onto the track and the collinear arrangement of the girder and the track;

[0015] The mounting of the end girder onto the end of the girder;

[0016] The mounting of the column onto the girder;

[0017] The mounting of the triangular frame onto the column and the girder;

[0018] The mounting of the top frame onto the triangular frame and the connection with the column;

[0019] The mounting of the crown block onto the top frame.

[0020] Optionally, before the mounting of the column onto the girder, further comprising:

[0021] The mounting of a plurality of first temporary cross beams between the two girders.

[0022] Optionally, the substructure comprises a plurality of legs; the mounting of the substructure onto the pier and the arrangement of the top of the substructure at the same level as the top of the track comprises:

[0023] The mounting of the plurality of legs onto the corresponding piers in sequence and the arrangement of the top of the leg at the same level as the top of the track.

[0024] Optionally, the mounting of the substructure onto the pier and the arrangement of the top of the substructure at the same level as the top of the track further comprises:

[0025] The mounting of a second temporary cross beam between the two legs arranged opposite to each other in the width direction of the track.

[0026] Optionally, the jacking of the superstructure onto the substructure and the closure of the superstructure and the substructure comprises:

[0027] The jacking of the superstructure onto the substructure and the welding closure of the superstructure and the substructure by using the step-by-step multi-point jacking construction process.

[0028] Optionally, when the superstructure is completed, a jacking device is mounted on each jacking support;

[0029] The jacking of the superstructure onto the substructure by using the jacking device for welding closure.

[0030] Optionally, the installation method of the special equipment further comprises:

[0031] Dismantling the first temporary crossbeam and the track of the back field area.

[0032] Optionally, the installation method of the special equipment further comprises:

[0033] Dismantling the second temporary crossbeam and the track of the back field area.

[0034] Compared with the prior art, the installation method of the special equipment determines the high ground as the back field area and the low ground as the front field area in the terrain environment, and then installs the lower mechanism and the upper structure in the front field area and the back field area respectively, and finally pushes the upper structure to the lower structure in the front field area and folds it. Therefore, compared with the traditional technology, the installation of the bridge crane and other special equipment is realized by combining the terrain environment, which can significantly reduce the use of large-tonnage floating cranes and other engineering machinery, thereby reducing the cost of assembling the special equipment in the area with large ground level difference. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0035] Figure 1 is a flowchart of the installation method of the special equipment in the embodiment of the present application;

[0036] Figure 2 is a working condition diagram corresponding to step S210 in the installation method of the special equipment in the embodiment of the present application;

[0037] Figure 3 is a working condition diagram corresponding to step S230 in the installation method of the special equipment in the embodiment of the present application;

[0038] Figure 4 is a working condition diagram corresponding to step S231 in the installation method of the special equipment in the embodiment of the present application;

[0039] Figure 5 is a working condition diagram when the upper structure is pushed in the installation method of the special equipment in the embodiment of the present application;

[0040] Figure 6 is a working condition diagram corresponding to step S300 in the installation method of the special equipment in the embodiment of the present application;

[0041] Figure 7 is a working condition diagram corresponding to step S220 in the installation method of the special equipment in the embodiment of the present application;

[0042] Figure 8 is a working condition diagram corresponding to step S227 in the installation method of the special equipment in the embodiment of the present application

[0043] Figure 9A working condition schematic diagram corresponding to step S223 in the installation method of the special equipment in the embodiment of the present application is shown in the figure;

[0044] Figure 10 A working condition schematic diagram corresponding to step S224 in the installation method of the special equipment in the embodiment of the present application is shown in the figure;

[0045] Figure 11 A structure schematic diagram of the assembling support and the pushing support in the embodiment of the present application is shown in the figure;

[0046] Figure 12 A structure schematic diagram of the pushing device in the embodiment of the present application is shown in the figure.

[0047] Explanation of reference signs:

[0048] 1 - assembling support; 2 - pushing support; 21 - transition pushing support; 3 - pier column; 4 - first temporary cross beam; 5 - second temporary cross beam;

[0049] 10 - main beam; 20 - end beam; 30 - stand column; 40 - triangular frame; 50 - top frame; 60 - leg; 70 - oil cylinder; 80 - jack; A - fish beach road; 100 - crawler crane. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0050] In order to make the above-mentioned purpose, features and advantages of the present application more obvious and easy to understand, the specific embodiments of the present application are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0051] It should be noted that the terms "first", "second" and the like in the specification and claims of the present application and the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish similar objects, and do not necessarily indicate a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that the data thus used can be interchanged under appropriate circumstances, so that the embodiments of the present application described herein can be implemented in an order other than that illustrated or described herein.

[0052] In the drawings, the Z-axis represents the vertical direction, that is, the up-down position, and the positive direction of the Z-axis (that is, the arrow direction of the Z-axis) represents up, and the negative direction of the Z-axis (that is, the direction opposite to the positive direction of the Z-axis) represents down; the X-axis represents the horizontal direction in the drawings, which is designated as the left-right position, and the positive direction of the X-axis (that is, the arrow direction of the X-axis) represents the left side, and the negative direction of the X-axis (that is, the direction opposite to the positive direction of the X-axis) represents the right side; the Y-axis represents the front-rear position in the drawings, and the positive direction of the Y-axis (that is, the arrow direction of the Y-axis) represents the front side, and the negative direction of the Y-axis (that is, the direction opposite to the positive direction of the Y-axis) represents the rear side; it should be noted that the aforementioned meanings of the Z-axis, the Y-axis and the X-axis are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present application.

[0053] Combination Figure 1 This invention provides an installation method for special equipment, which includes an upper structure and a lower structure. The installation method includes the following steps:

[0054] Step S100: Determine the front field area and the back field area based on the terrain environment, wherein the terrain of the front field area is lower than that of the back field area;

[0055] Step S200: Install the lower structure in the front area and the upper structure in the rear area;

[0056] Step S300: Push the upper structure onto the lower structure and close the upper structure and lower structure together.

[0057] Specifically, taking the terrain environment with elevation differences, such as the upper reaches of the Yangtze River, as an example, the terrain in the negative direction of the Y-axis is higher than that in the positive direction of the Y-axis. That is, the direction of the Y-axis represents the direction of elevation difference. When constructing a wharf or installing special equipment such as bridge cranes in a port, a flat and open terrain environment in the negative direction of the Y-axis is selected as the rear area (to facilitate the installation of the superstructure), and the terrain in the positive direction of the Y-axis is the front area. After determining the front and rear areas, the special equipment such as bridge cranes is divided into superstructure and substructure, with the substructure supporting the superstructure. During installation, [further details are needed]. Figure 7 As shown, a crawler crane 100 is set up in the front area to install the substructure, and two crawler cranes 100 are set up in the rear area. The crawler cranes 100 cooperate with each other to install the superstructure. In this way, the installation operations in the front and rear areas can be carried out simultaneously. Alternatively, one crawler crane 100 can be set up in the front area and one in the rear area. In this case, due to the large weight and volume of the superstructure, after one crawler crane 100 installs the substructure in the front area, it moves from the front area to the rear area and then cooperates with the crawler crane 100 in the rear area to install the superstructure. After the superstructure and substructure are installed separately, the superstructure is pushed onto the substructure along the direction of the terrain difference, and the superstructure and substructure are joined together to form a special equipment.

[0058] Therefore, in this embodiment, the high terrain is designated as the rear area and the low terrain as the front area. After installing the lower mechanism and upper structure in the front and rear areas respectively, the upper structure is pushed from the rear area onto the lower structure in the front area and then closed. In this way, compared with traditional technology, the installation of the upper and lower parts of the bridge crane can be carried out simultaneously, effectively saving installation time. By combining the terrain environment to install special equipment such as bridge cranes, the use of engineering machinery such as large-tonnage floating cranes can be significantly reduced, thereby reducing the cost of assembling special equipment in areas with large terrain differences.

[0059] Optionally, step S200 specifically includes:

[0060] Step S210: Install jacking supports 2 and assembly supports 1 at intervals in the rear area to form a track, and arrange the jacking supports 2 and assembly supports 1 alternately. Erect piers 3 at intervals in the front area, and position the piers 3 in the direction of track extension.

[0061] Step S220: Install the upper structure onto the track;

[0062] Step S230: Install the substructure onto the pier 3, and ensure that the top of the substructure is at the same elevation as the top of the track.

[0063] Specifically, the assembly support 1 and the jacking support 2 can each be made of steel welded columnar structures, as detailed in the following reference. Figure 11 As shown. Figure 2 As shown, the assembly support 1 and the jacking support 2 are arranged in two rows along the Y-axis in the rear area to form a track, and a jacking support 2 is set between two adjacent assembly supports 1 in the Y-axis direction. At the same time, piers 3 are set at intervals in the front area. The piers 3 can support the substructure and are positioned in the extension direction of the track by means of a crawler crane 100. Then, the upper structure is installed on the upper end of the assembly support 1 and supported by the assembly support 1. The lower structure is installed on the upper end of the pier 3, and it is ensured that the upper end of the lower structure is at the same elevation as the top of the track, that is, the distance between the upper end of the lower structure and the pier 3 is equal to the distance between the top of the track and the pier 3 (which can be understood as the upper end of the lower structure and the top of the track being on the same straight line).

[0064] In this way, by installing the jacking support 2 and the assembly support 1 at intervals in the rear area to form a track, and installing the lower structure onto the pier 3 in the front area, the top of the lower structure and the top of the track are at the same elevation. In this way, when the upper structure is jacked from the rear area to the front area, the upper structure can always be located on the plane of the track, reducing the impact of the terrain difference and allowing the upper structure to be smoothly jacked to the front area, thus improving the jacking stability of the upper structure in the front area.

[0065] Optionally, in combination with Figure 2 , Figure 3 , and Figures 7 to 10 , the special equipment is a bridge crane, and the superstructure includes a main beam 10, an end beam 20, a stand column 30, a triangular frame 40, a top layer frame 50, and a trolley;

[0066] The step S220 specifically includes:

[0067] The step S221 is to install the main beam 10 to the track and make the main beam 10 collinear with the track;

[0068] The step S222 is to install the end beam 20 to the end of the main beam 10;

[0069] The step S223 is to install the stand column 30 to the main beam 10;

[0070] The step S224 is to install the triangular frame 40 to the stand column 30 and the main beam 10;

[0071] The step S225 is to install the top layer frame 50 to the triangular frame 40 and form a connection with the stand column 30;

[0072] The step S226 is to install the trolley to the top layer frame 50.

[0073] Specifically, as shown in Figure 2 , the main beam 10 of the bridge crane includes a plurality of beam segments, and the adjacent beam segments are bolted. During installation, in combination with Figure 7 , the left (X-axis positive direction) main beam 10 is assembled along the Y-axis positive direction, and then two crawler cranes 100 are used in cooperation to install the main beam 10 on the assembly support 1 and the jacking support 2. Then, the right (X-axis negative direction) main beam 10 is assembled along the Y-axis negative direction by the two crawler cranes 100, and the main beam 10 is installed on the assembly support 1 and the jacking support 2, and the two sides of the main beam 10 are adjusted to be collinear with the track, that is, the length direction of the main beam 10 is consistent with the extension direction of the track. Then, in combination with Figures 8 to 10 , one crawler crane 100 hoists the end beam 20 to the front and rear ends of the main beam 10, hoists the stand column 30 to the main beam 10, installs the triangular frame 40 to the stand column 30 and the main beam 10, installs the top layer frame 50 to the triangular frame 40 and forms a connection with the stand column 30, and finally installs the trolley to the top layer frame 50 to complete the installation of the bridge crane superstructure in the rear field area.

[0074] Thus, the main girder 10 is installed on the track, and the main girder 10 is collinear with the track, and then the end girder 20, the column 30, the triangular frame 40, the top frame 50 and the trolley are sequentially installed, so that the upper structure is assembled in parts, and in the process of sequentially installing from bottom to top, the difficulty of adjusting the collinearity of the main girder 10 and the track by the overall weight of the upper structure is reduced, so that the installation efficiency of the upper structure on the track is improved.

[0075] Optionally, before step S220, the method further comprises:

[0076] Step S227, a plurality of first temporary cross beams 4 are installed between the two main girders 10.

[0077] Specifically, a plurality of first temporary cross beams 4 are provided between the main girders 10, and after the end girder 20 is installed, the first temporary cross beams 4 are combined with the end girder 20 to form a temporary cross beam assembly. Figure 8 As shown in the figure, the first temporary cross beam 4 is hoisted by a crawler crane 100, and the left and right ends of the first temporary cross beam 4 are connected with the two main girders 10 respectively.

[0078] Thus, by installing a plurality of first temporary cross beams 4 between the two main girders 10, the two main girders 10 are parallel to each other, so that the collinearity of one of the two main girders 10 and the track can be adjusted, the installation process of adjusting the collinearity of the two main girders 10 and the track respectively is reduced, and the installation efficiency of the main girder 10 is improved.

[0079] Optionally, the lower structure comprises a plurality of legs 60; and step S230 specifically comprises:

[0080] Step S231, sequentially installing a plurality of legs 60 on corresponding piers 3, and making the top of the leg 60 at the same elevation as the top of the track.

[0081] Specifically, in combination with Figure 4 As shown in the figure, the lower structure comprises a plurality of legs 60. When installing the lower structure in the front field area, in combination with Figure 7 As shown in the figure, a plurality of legs 60 can be sequentially installed on corresponding piers 3 by a crawler crane 100, and the upper end of the leg 60 is at the same horizontal plane as the top of the track. For any leg 60, a support beam can also be installed on the pier 3 to limit the inclination of the leg 60 in the Y-axis direction.

[0082] Thus, by sequentially installing a plurality of legs 60 on corresponding piers 3, the piers 3 can support the legs 60, and by making the top of the leg 60 at the same elevation as the top of the track, the influence of the terrain difference can be eliminated, so that the upper structure can be smoothly jacked to the front field area, and the reliability of the jacking process is improved.

[0083] Optionally, step S230 further comprises:

[0084] Step S232, installing the second temporary cross beam 5 between the two legs 60 located in the width direction of the track and arranged oppositely.

[0085] Specifically, the direction of the X-axis is the width direction of the track, and the width direction of the bridge crane can also be understood, and the two legs 60 oppositely arranged in the X-axis direction are included in the plurality of legs 60, and the second temporary cross beam 5 is arranged between the two legs in the X-axis direction. When installing, in combination with Figure 8 As shown, the second temporary cross beam 5 can be connected with the two legs 60 located in the width direction of the track and arranged oppositely by the way of hoisting the second temporary cross beam 5 by the crawler crane 100.

[0086] In this way, by installing the second temporary cross beam 5 between the two legs 60 located in the width direction of the track and arranged oppositely, when the superstructure is jacked onto the legs 60, the second temporary cross beam 5 can limit the inclination of the legs 60 in the width direction of the track, thereby improving the stability of the legs 60.

[0087] Optionally, step S300 specifically includes:

[0088] Step S310, using the walking multi-point jacking construction process to jack the superstructure onto the substructure, and welding the superstructure and the substructure to close.

[0089] Specifically, Figures 4 to 6 A process diagram for jacking the superstructure from the rear field area to the front field area. The walking multi-point jacking construction process will be described in detail later. In this way, by using the walking multi-point jacking construction process to jack the superstructure onto the substructure, and welding the superstructure and the substructure to close, the superstructure is jacked by multiple points, thereby improving the stability of the superstructure during jacking.

[0090] Optionally, step S310 includes:

[0091] Step S311, after the superstructure is installed, respectively installing jacking devices on each jacking support 2;

[0092] Step S312, using the jacking device to jack the superstructure onto the substructure for welding.

[0093] Specifically, after the superstructure is installed, the jacking device is installed on each jacking support 2 from the side of the jacking support 2, and the jacking device is, for example, Figure 12As shown, the jacking device includes an oil cylinder 70 and a jack 80, initially, the superstructure is supported by the assembling support 1, the oil cylinder 70 and the jack 80 are both in the retracted state, when the superstructure is installed on the track and the two main beams 10 are respectively located at the upper end of the assembling support 1, the jack 80 is started, the extending end of the jack 80 moves upward until the superstructure is located above the track, then the jack 80 is stopped and the oil cylinder 70 is started, the oil cylinder 70 pushes the jack 80 to move forward, when the piston rod of the oil cylinder 70 is fully extended, the piston rod remains extended, the jack 80 is restarted, the extending end of the jack 80 is retracted, when the superstructure falls back to the track, the piston rod of the oil cylinder 70 is retracted, and the jack 80 is started again, and the process is repeated, when the front end of the superstructure is located above the support leg 60 of the negative direction of the Y axis, the jacking device on the jacking support 2 in the rear field area of the negative direction of the Y axis is disassembled and installed on the support leg 60 of the negative direction of the Y axis, and the process is repeated to realize the jacking process of the superstructure on the front field area, when the front end of the superstructure is located in front of the support leg 60 of the positive direction of the Y axis, the jacking of the superstructure is stopped, the superstructure is located above the support leg 60, and the position of the superstructure is accurately adjusted to enable the superstructure to be connected with the support leg 60 at the corresponding position, then the superstructure falls to the support leg 60 under the driving of the jack 80, and the superstructure and the lower structure are welded together. The starting process of the oil cylinder 70 and the jack 80 in the front field area is consistent with the starting process in the rear field area.

[0094] In some embodiments, to ensure the stability of the jacking device on the support leg 60, a reinforcing device can be additionally provided, which can avoid the movement of the jacking device on the support leg 60.

[0095] Further, when the track is located above the Yushan Road A, as shown, a transition jacking support 21 can be additionally provided on both sides of the Yushan Road A to realize the jacking of the superstructure from above the Yushan Road A to the front field area. Figure 2

[0096] In this way, by installing the jacking device on each jacking support 2 after the installation of the superstructure is completed, and using the jacking device to jacking the superstructure to the lower structure for welding, the jacking devices on the multiple jacking supports 2 can operate simultaneously during the jacking of the superstructure to the lower structure, so as to improve the jacking efficiency of the superstructure.

[0097] Optionally, the method for installing the special equipment further includes:

[0098] Step S400, remove the first temporary cross beam 4 and the track in the rear field area.

[0099] ​Specifically, after the upper structure and the lower structure are welded and closed, the first temporary crossbeam 4 is removed from the upper structure, and the assembling support 1 and the jacking support 2 are removed from the rear field area.

[0100] In this way, through the removal of the first temporary crossbeam 4 and the track in the rear field area, the first temporary crossbeam 4 and the track in the rear field area can be avoided from affecting the use of the special equipment, thereby improving the operation safety.

[0101] Optionally, the method for installing the special equipment further comprises:

[0102] S500, removing the second temporary crossbeam 5 and the track in the front field area.

[0103] Specifically, the track in the front field area is composed of the jacking device on each support leg 60, and after the upper structure and the lower structure are welded and closed, the second temporary crossbeam 5 is removed from the support leg 60, and the jacking device is removed from the side of the support leg 60.

[0104] In this way, through the removal of the second temporary crossbeam 5 and the track in the front field area, the second temporary crossbeam 5 and the track in the front field area can be avoided from affecting the use of the special equipment, thereby improving the operation safety.

[0105] Although the present disclosure is disclosed as above, the protection scope of the present disclosure is not limited to this. Those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present disclosure, and these changes and modifications shall fall within the protection scope of the present disclosure.

Claims

1. A method for installing special equipment, characterized in that, The special equipment is a bridge crane, which includes an upper structure and a lower structure. The upper structure includes a main beam, end beams, columns, a triangular frame, a top frame, and a crane. The lower structure includes multiple outriggers. The installation method for the special equipment includes the following steps: Step S100: Determine the front field area and the rear field area according to the terrain environment, wherein the terrain of the front field area is lower than that of the rear field area; Step S200: Install the lower structure in the front area and install the upper structure in the rear area; Step S200 includes: Step S210: Install jacking supports and assembly supports at intervals in the rear area to form a track, and arrange the jacking supports and assembly supports in an alternating manner; erect piers at intervals in the front area, and position the piers in the extension direction of the track. Step S220: Install the upper structure onto the track; Step S220 includes: Step S221: Install the main beam onto the track, and ensure that the main beam and the track are collinear; Step S222: Install the end beam to the end of the main beam; Step S223: Install the column onto the main beam; Step S224: Install the triangular frame onto the column and the main beam; Step S225: Install the top-level frame onto the triangular frame and connect it with the column; Step S226: Install the overhead crane onto the top layer frame; Step S227: Install multiple first temporary crossbeams at intervals between the two main beams; Step S230: Install the lower structure onto the pier, and make the top of the lower structure and the top of the track at the same elevation; Step S230 includes: Step S231: Install the multiple support legs sequentially onto the corresponding piers, and ensure that the top of the support legs is at the same elevation as the top of the track; Step S232: Install a second temporary crossbeam between the two legs located in the width direction of the track and arranged opposite each other; Step S300: Push the upper structure onto the lower structure and close the upper structure and the lower structure together; Step S300 includes: Step S310: Using a step-by-step multi-point jacking construction process, the upper structure is jacked onto the lower structure, and the upper structure and the lower structure are welded together. Step S310 includes: Step S311: After the upper structure is installed, install the jacking device on each of the jacking brackets; Step S312: Use the pushing device to push the upper structure onto the lower structure for welding and joining.

2. The installation method for special equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: Step S400: Remove the first temporary crossbeam and the track in the rear area.

3. The installation method for special equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: Step S500: Remove the second temporary crossbeam and the track in the front area.

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