A kind of water conservancy project dredging equipment and method

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the technical field of dredging for water conservancy projects, and in particular relates to a dredging device for water conservancy projects, comprising a dredging pipe and a dredging head arranged at the end of the dredging pipe, the dredging head comprising: a main shell, a first filter plate, a second filter plate, and a crushing unit, a sludge treatment chamber is provided inside the main shell, and the sludge treatment chamber is connected to the upper and lower surfaces of the main shell; the first filter plate is provided at the bottom of the sludge treatment chamber, and a plurality of first filter holes are provided on the first filter plate; the second filter plate is provided above the first filter plate, and a plurality of second filter holes are provided on the second filter plate, and the aperture of the second filter hole is smaller than the aperture of the first filter hole; the crushing unit is located between the first filter plate and the second filter plate, and the crushing unit can crush impurities of a larger volume. Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the advantages of avoiding blockage of the dredging pipe and high dredging efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of water conservancy project silt removal, and in particular relates to water conservancy project silt removal equipment and a method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Water conservancy projects are projects built to control and allocate natural surface water and groundwater to achieve the purpose of eliminating harm and promoting benefits. They are also called water projects. Water is a valuable resource that is indispensable to human production and life, but its natural state does not fully meet human needs. Only by building water conservancy projects can we control water flow, prevent floods and waterlogging disasters, and regulate and distribute water to meet people's needs for water resources in life and production. Water conservancy projects require the construction of different types of hydraulic structures such as dams, dikes, spillways, sluices, water inlets, channels, ferries, rafts, and fishways.

[0003] In water conservancy engineering operations, it is necessary to clean the silt in the riverbed. In the prior art, silt removal pipes and silt removal pumps are often used to directly extract the silt. However, the silt is mixed with weeds, branches and other debris. If the silt is directly extracted, it is easy to cause blockage of the silt removal pipe. Therefore, in the field of water conservancy engineering, silt removal equipment needs to be improved. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a water conservancy project dredging equipment and method in view of the above-mentioned technical problems. The present invention has the advantages of avoiding clogging of the dredging pipe and high dredging efficiency.

[0005] In view of this, the present invention provides a water conservancy project dredging equipment, including a dredging pipe and a dredging head arranged at the end of the dredging pipe, the dredging head including:

[0006] A main shell, wherein a sludge treatment chamber is provided inside the main shell, and the sludge treatment chamber is connected to the upper and lower surfaces of the main shell;

[0007] A first filter plate, the first filter plate is arranged at the bottom of the sludge treatment chamber, and a plurality of first filter holes are opened on the first filter plate;

[0008] A second filter plate, the second filter plate is arranged above the first filter plate, the second filter plate is provided with a plurality of second filter holes, the aperture of the second filter hole is smaller than the aperture of the first filter hole;

[0009] The crushing unit is located between the first filter plate and the second filter plate, and the crushing unit can crush larger impurities.

[0010] In the present technical scheme, after the dredging equipment is connected, the end of the dredging pipe connected to the dredging head is placed in the riverbed to be dredged, and the dredging equipment is started so that the silt in the riverbed enters the dredging pipe from the dredging head, and is then pumped out of the riverbed through the dredging pipe; during the dredging process, the first filter plate will perform preliminary screening on the silt and debris, and the debris and silt that are too large will be filtered out by the first filter plate, and the debris and silt that are smaller will pass through the first filter hole on the first filter plate and enter the space where the crushing unit is located, and the crushing unit will crush the debris and silt that are still larger in volume, and the volume of the debris and silt after being crushed is smaller, and at this time the debris and silt will pass through the second filter hole on the second filter plate into the dredging pipe, and will eventually be pumped up.

[0011] In the above technical solution, further, the crushing unit includes:

[0012] A rotating shaft, which rotates in a horizontal direction and is arranged in the sludge treatment chamber;

[0013] A plurality of crushing wheels are arranged on the rotating shaft at intervals along the length direction of the rotating shaft;

[0014] Crushing motor: The crushing motor is used to drive the rotating shaft to rotate.

[0015] In the above technical solution, further, a protective shell is provided outside the crushing motor.

[0016] In the above technical solution, further, the crushing wheel is an eccentric wheel, any two crushing wheels form an angle with each other in the radial direction, and each crushing wheel can contact the first filter plate and the second filter plate during rotation.

[0017] In the above technical solution, further, a mounting groove is opened at the bottom of the main shell, the first filter plate is located in the mounting groove, a guide rod is provided on the first filter plate in the vertical direction, the upper end of the guide rod can move vertically along the main shell, and a first spring is provided between the first filter plate and the main shell, and the two ends of the first spring are respectively connected to the bottom surface of the mounting groove and the first filter plate.

[0018] In the above technical solution, further, an arc-shaped baffle is provided at the bottom of the sludge treatment chamber, and a movable space for the upper end of the guide rod to move vertically is formed between the arc-shaped baffle and the side wall of the sludge treatment chamber.

[0019] In the above technical solution, further, an annular guide groove is opened on the side wall of the sludge treatment chamber, the second filter plate is located in the annular guide groove, the second filter plate can move vertically in the annular guide groove, a second spring is provided in the annular guide groove, and both ends of the second spring are respectively connected to the upper surface of the annular guide groove and the second filter plate.

[0020] The present invention also discloses a dredging method for a water conservancy project. The dredging method is performed using the aforementioned dredging equipment for the water conservancy project. The dredging equipment also includes a dredging pump. The dredging method includes the following steps:

[0021] Step 1: Connect the first end of the dredging pipe to the dredging pump, and connect the second end of the dredging pipe to the dredging head; place the dredging head and the second end of the dredging pipe into the riverbed to be dredged;

[0022] Step 2: Start the crushing motor and the silt removal pump. Under the action of the silt removal pump, negative pressure is generated in the silt removal pipe and the silt treatment chamber to extract the silt in the riverbed. During the silt extraction process, the first filter plate isolates large pieces of debris outside the silt treatment chamber. The crushing motor drives the shaft to rotate, thereby driving the crushing wheel to rotate to crush the large pieces of silt and debris entering the silt treatment chamber. The crushed silt and debris pass through the second filter plate and are extracted through the silt removal pipe. During the rotation of the crushing wheel, the first filter plate and the second filter plate are continuously struck to prevent the first filter hole and the second filter hole from being blocked;

[0023] Step 3: After dredging is completed, turn off the dredging pump first, keep the crushing motor started, remove the second end of the dredging pipe from the riverbed and then turn off the crushing motor.

[0024] In the above technical solution, further, step four is included: separating the dredging head from the dredging pipe, restarting the crushing motor, and cleaning the first filter plate and the second filter plate with a cleaning agent at the same time, and turning off the crushing motor after cleaning.

[0025] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0026] 1. By arranging the first filter plate and the second filter plate in the dredging head, and the filtering accuracy of the second filter plate is higher than that of the first filter plate, secondary filtering and screening is achieved, and the volume of the debris and sludge that finally enter the dredging pipe is small, which will not cause blockage to the dredging pipe;

[0027] 2. By arranging a crushing unit between the first filter plate and the second filter plate, the volume range of the debris and sludge entering the dredging head can be increased, thereby improving the dredging efficiency. Moreover, the crushing unit can crush these larger debris and sludge before entering the dredging pipe, thereby ensuring the smooth flow of the dredging pipe;

[0028] 3. By designing the crushing unit to be a combination of a rotating shaft and a plurality of crushing wheels of an eccentric wheel structure, the crushing wheel can contact the first filter plate and the second filter plate during the crushing of larger debris and sludge. During the continuous rotation of the crushing wheel, the first filter plate and the second filter plate can be continuously vibrated, thereby preventing the first filter hole and the second filter hole from being blocked;

[0029] 4. The crushing wheel continuously vibrates the first filter plate and the second filter plate during rotation, so that when the inside of the dredging head is cleaned, the debris attached to the first filter plate and the second filter plate can be quickly removed, thereby improving the cleaning efficiency of the dredging head. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative labor.

[0031] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the dredging pipe and the dredging head in the present invention.

[0032] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the bottom of the dredging head in the present invention.

[0033] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the top of the dredging head in the present invention.

[0034] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the dredging head in the present invention.

[0035] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the crushing unit in the present invention.

[0036] Figure 6 for Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the local enlarged structure at point A in the middle.

[0037] Figure 7 for Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the local enlarged structure at point B in the middle.

[0038] The symbols in the figure are:

[0039] 1- dredging pipe, 2- dredging head, 3- main shell, 301- sludge treatment chamber, 4- first filter plate, 401- first filter hole, 5- second filter plate, 501- second filter hole, 601- rotating shaft, 602- crushing wheel, 603- crushing motor, 7- protective shell, 801- mounting groove, 802- guide rod, 803- first connecting spring, 804- arc baffle, 901- annular guide groove, 902- second connecting spring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0041] In the description of the present application, it should be noted that the terms used herein are only for describing specific embodiments, and are not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to the present application. For ease of description, the sizes of the various parts shown in the drawings are not drawn according to the actual proportional relationship. The technology, methods and equipment known to ordinary technicians in the relevant field may not be discussed in detail, but in appropriate cases, the technology, methods and equipment should be regarded as part of the authorization specification. In all examples shown and discussed here, any specific value should be interpreted as merely exemplary, rather than as a limitation. Therefore, other examples of the exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that similar numbers and letters represent similar items in the following drawings, so once an item is defined in one drawing, it does not need to be further discussed in subsequent drawings.

[0042] It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", etc. in the specification and claims of the present application are used to distinguish similar objects, and are not used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that the data used in this way can be interchangeable under appropriate circumstances, so that the embodiments of the present application can be implemented in an order other than those illustrated or described here, and the objects distinguished by "first", "second", etc. are generally of one type, and the number of objects is not limited. For example, the first object can be one or more. In addition, "and / or" in the specification and claims represents at least one of the connected objects, and the character " / " generally indicates that the objects associated with each other are in an "or" relationship.

[0043] It should be noted that, in the description of the present application, the orientation or positional relationship indicated by terms such as "front, back, up, down, left, right", "lateral, vertical, perpendicular, horizontal" and "top, bottom" are usually based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description. Unless otherwise stated, these orientation words do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the scope of protection of the present application; the orientation words "inside and outside" refer to the inside and outside relative to the contour of each component itself.

[0044] It should be noted that, in the present application, the terms "comprise", "include" or any other variant thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. In the absence of further restrictions, an element defined by the sentence "comprises one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article or device including the element. In addition, it should be noted that the scope of the method and device in the embodiment of the present application is not limited to performing functions in the order shown or discussed, and may also include performing functions in a substantially simultaneous manner or in reverse order according to the functions involved, for example, the described method may be performed in an order different from that described, and various steps may also be added, omitted, or combined. In addition, the features described with reference to certain examples may be combined in other examples.

[0045] Example 1

[0046] like Figure 1-Figure 4 As shown, the embodiment of the present application provides a water conservancy project dredging equipment, including a dredging pipe 1 and a dredging head 2 arranged at the end of the dredging pipe 1, the dredging head 2 includes: a main shell 3, a first filter plate 4, a second filter plate 5, a crushing unit,

[0047] A sludge treatment chamber 301 is provided inside the main housing 3. The sludge treatment chamber 301 is connected to the upper and lower surfaces of the main housing 3. The diameter of the lower part of the sludge treatment chamber 301 is greater than the diameter of the upper part, which is conducive to expanding the silting range of the silting head 2.

[0048] The first filter plate 4 is disposed at the bottom of the sludge treatment chamber 301, and a plurality of first filter holes 401 are formed on the first filter plate 4;

[0049] The second filter plate 5 is arranged above the first filter plate 4, and a crushing chamber is formed between the first filter plate 4 and the second filter plate 5. A plurality of second filter holes 501 are opened on the second filter plate 5, and the aperture of the second filter hole 501 is smaller than the aperture of the first filter hole 401;

[0050] The crushing unit is located in the crushing chamber between the first filter plate 4 and the second filter plate 5, and the crushing unit can crush larger impurities.

[0051] In this embodiment, the first filter hole 401 can allow debris and silt of a normal volume to enter the dredging head 2. After passing through the first filter hole 401, the debris and silt enter the crushing chamber. The smaller debris and silt can directly pass through the crushing unit and then pass through the second filter hole 501 to enter the dredging pipe 1; the larger debris and silt can be crushed into a small volume structure by the crushing unit and then pass through the second filter hole 501. If the debris and silt still cannot pass through the second filter hole 501 after one crushing, these debris and silt will stay in the crushing chamber for a period of time until they are crushed into a small volume structure that can pass through the second filter hole 501. This time generally only lasts for a few seconds.

[0052] The crushing unit mainly crushes debris and sludge by high-speed rotation, swinging or other actions. The crushing unit has many applications in this field, and its specific structure will not be described in detail in this embodiment;

[0053] Through the technical solution of this embodiment, during the dredging process of the riverbed, the secondary filtering structure in the dredging head 2 can perform secondary filtering on the debris and silt in the riverbed, thereby preventing large volumes of debris and silt from entering the dredging pipe 1 and causing blockage of the dredging pipe 1, and a crushing unit is provided between the first filter plate 4 and the second filter plate 5 to crush the debris and silt that are still large in volume, so that the aperture of the first filter hole 401 can be set larger to improve the dredging efficiency.

[0054] Example 2

[0055] This embodiment provides a hydraulic engineering silt removal device. Based on the first embodiment, this embodiment further discloses a structure of a crushing unit.

[0056] In this embodiment, please refer to Figure 4-Figure 5 The crushing unit includes: a rotating shaft 601, a plurality of crushing wheels 602, and a crushing motor 603.

[0057] The rotating shaft 601 is arranged in the sludge treatment chamber 301 and rotates in the horizontal direction. The first end of the rotating shaft 601 is rotatably connected to the side wall of the crushing chamber. The crushing motor 603 is arranged on the outer wall of the dredging head 2. The crushing motor 603 can be a waterproof motor or other suitable motor. The second end of the rotating shaft 601 penetrates the side wall of the crushing chamber and is connected to the output shaft of the crushing motor 603. The rotating shaft 601 can rotate under the drive of the crushing motor 603.

[0058] A plurality of crushing wheels 602 are arranged on the rotating shaft 601 at intervals along the length direction of the rotating shaft 601, see Figure 4 There are 8 crushing wheels 602, and the 8 crushing wheels 602 are arranged on the rotating shaft 601 at equal intervals to ensure uniform crushing of debris and silt.

[0059] In this embodiment, in order to protect the crushing motor 603, a protective shell 7 is provided outside the crushing motor 603, and the protective shell 7 is connected to the outer wall of the dredging head 2. A protective barrier is formed between the protective shell 7 and the outer wall of the dredging head 2 to surround the crushing motor 603.

[0060] See also Figure 5 In this embodiment, the crushing wheel 602 is an eccentric wheel. Any two crushing wheels 602 form an angle with each other in the radial direction, and the angle range is generally 20°-80°. Each crushing wheel 602 can contact the first filter plate 4 and the second filter plate 5 during rotation. The contact here can be understood as that during the rotation of the crushing wheel 602, the first filter plate 4 and the second filter plate 5 will be continuously struck, so that the first filter plate 4 and the second filter plate 5 can vibrate, thereby accelerating the passage of debris and sludge through the first filter hole 401 and the second filter hole 501.

[0061] During the dredging process, the crushing motor 603 is started to drive the rotating shaft 601 to rotate, and the rotating shaft 601 drives several crushing wheels 602 to rotate, so that the crushing wheels 602 rotate at high speed in the crushing chamber to crush the larger debris and silt entering the crushing chamber; when the debris and silt pass through the first filter hole 401 and the second filter hole 501, the crushing wheel 602 continuously drives the first filter plate 4 and the second filter plate 5 to vibrate, thereby increasing the rate at which the debris and silt pass through, and can shake off some of the debris attached to the first filter plate 4 and the second filter plate 5.

[0062] Example 3

[0063] This embodiment provides a hydraulic engineering silt removal device. Based on Embodiment 2, this embodiment further discloses a connection structure between the first filter plate 4 and the main housing 3.

[0064] See also Figure 6 A mounting groove 801 is provided at the bottom of the main shell 3, the first filter plate 4 is located in the mounting groove 801, a guide rod 802 is provided on the first filter plate 4 in the vertical direction, the upper end of the guide rod 802 can move vertically along the main shell 3, and a first connecting spring 803 is provided between the first filter plate 4 and the main shell 3, and the two ends of the first connecting spring 803 are respectively connected to the bottom surface of the mounting groove 801 and the first filter plate 4.

[0065] In this embodiment, the mounting groove 801 is provided on the side wall of the sludge treatment chamber 301, and the mounting groove 801 is provided in the vertical direction. The mounting groove 801 is an annular groove, and the first filter plate 4 is a disc-shaped plate. The first filter plate 4 is slidably arranged in the mounting groove 801 in the vertical direction. A plurality of guide rods 802 are provided at intervals along the circumference of the first filter plate 4, and the lower end of the guide rod 802 is fixedly connected to the first filter plate 4. An annular mounting boss is provided at the bottom of the main shell 3 and above the mounting groove 801. Guide holes are provided on the mounting boss in the vertical direction. The number of guide holes is the same as the number of guide rods 802 and the positions are opposite. The upper end of the guide rod 802 passes through the guide hole, and a limit block is provided at the end of the upper end of the guide rod 802. The side length of the longest side of the bottom surface of the limit block is greater than the aperture of the guide hole. Under the action of the limit block, the guide rod 802 will not completely detach from the guide hole; the limit block and the guide rod 802 can be designed to be a detachable structure to facilitate the disassembly of the first filter plate 4.

[0066] A first connecting groove is provided on the bottom surface of the installation groove 801, one end of the first connecting spring 803 is connected to the first connecting groove, and the other end of the first connecting spring 803 is connected to the upper surface of the first filter plate 4. In the absence of external force, the first connecting spring 803 pulls the first filter plate 4 so that there is a small gap between the upper surface of the first filter plate 4 and the bottom surface of the installation groove 801. During the rotation of the crushing wheel 602, the first filter plate 4 is pushed downward. During this process, the first connecting spring 803 is stretched and force is stored. After the crushing wheel 602 is separated from the first filter plate 4, the elastic force of the first connecting spring 803 causes the first filter plate 4 to reset upward, and the vibration of the first filter plate 4 is achieved in this reciprocating manner.

[0067] In this embodiment, an arc-shaped baffle plate 804 is provided at the bottom of the sludge treatment chamber 301, and an activity space for the upper end of the guide rod 802 to move vertically is formed between the arc-shaped baffle plate 804 and the side wall of the sludge treatment chamber 301. The upper end of the guide rod 802 is located in the activity space, and a protective barrier is formed between the arc-shaped baffle plate 804 and the side wall of the sludge treatment chamber 301 to prevent debris and sludge entering the sludge treatment chamber 301 from affecting the movement of the guide rod 802; the surface of the arc-shaped baffle plate 804 away from the guide rod 802 is inclined from bottom to top close to the side wall of the sludge treatment chamber 301, which is conducive to the debris and sludge moving upward along the surface of the arc-shaped baffle plate 804.

[0068] Example 4

[0069] This embodiment provides a hydraulic engineering silt removal device. Based on Embodiment 2 or Embodiment 3, this embodiment further discloses a connection structure between the second filter plate 5 and the main housing 3.

[0070] See also Figure 7An annular guide groove 901 is provided on the side wall of the sludge treatment chamber 301, and the second filter plate 5 is located in the annular guide groove 901. The second filter plate 5 can move vertically in the annular guide groove 901. A second connecting spring 902 is provided in the annular guide groove 901, and both ends of the second connecting spring 902 are respectively connected to the upper surface of the annular guide groove 901 and the second filter plate 5.

[0071] In this embodiment, the annular guide groove 901 is vertically provided on the side wall of the sludge treatment chamber 301, the second filter plate 5 is a disc-shaped plate, the length of the annular guide groove 901 in the vertical direction is greater than the thickness of the second filter plate 5, the second filter plate 5 is slidably arranged in the annular guide groove 901 in the vertical direction, and in this embodiment, the second connecting spring 902 is arranged above the second filter plate 5, and of course, the second connecting spring 902 can also be arranged below or on the side of the second filter plate 5;

[0072] In the absence of external force, the bottom surface of the second filter plate 5 is close to the bottom surface of the annular guide groove 901, and the second filter plate 5 will be pushed upward during the rotation of the crushing wheel 602. During this process, the second connecting spring 902 is compressed and stores force. After the crushing wheel 602 is separated from the second filter plate 5, the elastic force of the second connecting spring 902 causes the second filter plate 5 to reset downward, and the vibration of the second filter plate 5 is achieved in this reciprocating manner.

[0073] Example 5

[0074] This embodiment discloses a dredging method for a water conservancy project. The dredging method is performed using the dredging equipment for the water conservancy project of embodiment 2, embodiment 3, or embodiment 4. The dredging equipment also includes a dredging pump. The dredging method includes the following steps:

[0075] Step 1: Connect the first end of the dredging pipe 1 to the dredging pump, and connect the second end of the dredging pipe 1 to the dredging head 2; place the dredging head 2 and the second end of the dredging pipe 1 into the riverbed to be dredged;

[0076] Step 2: Start the crushing motor 603 and the silt removal pump. Under the action of the silt removal pump, negative pressure is generated in the silt removal pipe 1 and the sludge treatment chamber 301 to extract the sludge in the riverbed. During the sludge extraction process, the first filter plate 4 isolates large pieces of debris outside the sludge treatment chamber 301. The crushing motor 603 drives the rotating shaft 601 to rotate, thereby driving the crushing wheel 602 to rotate to crush the large pieces of silt and debris entering the sludge treatment chamber 301. The crushed silt and debris pass through the second filter plate 5 and are extracted through the silt removal pipe 1. During the rotation of the crushing wheel 602, it will continuously knock on the first filter plate 4 and the second filter plate 5 to prevent the first filter hole 401 and the second filter hole 501 from being blocked;

[0077] Step 3: After the dredging is completed, the dredging pump is turned off first, the crushing motor 603 is kept started, and the second end of the dredging pipe 1 is taken out from the riverbed and then the crushing motor 603 is turned off.

[0078] Preferably, the present embodiment further includes step 4: separating the dredging head 2 from the dredging pipe 1, restarting the crushing motor 603, and cleaning the first filter plate 4 and the second filter plate 5 with a cleaning agent at the same time, and shutting down the crushing motor 603 after cleaning.

[0079] Through the technical solution of this embodiment, during the crushing unit crushing larger volumes of debris and sludge, the crushing wheel 602 can contact the first filter plate 4 and the second filter plate 5, and during the continuous rotation of the crushing wheel 602, the first filter plate 4 and the second filter plate 5 can be continuously vibrated, thereby preventing the first filter hole 401 and the second filter hole 501 from being blocked; at the same time, when cleaning the dredging head 2, the crushing wheel 602 continuously vibrates the first filter plate 4 and the second filter plate 5 during the rotation process, so that when cleaning the inside of the dredging head 2, the debris attached to the first filter plate 4 and the second filter plate 5 can be quickly removed, thereby improving the cleaning efficiency of the dredging head 2.

[0080] The embodiments of the present application are described above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. In the absence of conflict, the embodiments in the present application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other. The present application is not limited to the above-mentioned specific implementation methods. The above-mentioned specific implementation methods are merely illustrative and not restrictive. Under the guidance of the present application, ordinary technicians in this field can also make many forms without departing from the purpose of the present application and the scope of protection of the claims, all of which are within the protection of the present application.

Claims

1. A desilting device for a water conservancy project, comprising a desilting pipe (1) and a desilting head (2) arranged at the end of the desilting pipe (1), characterized in that: The dredging head (2) comprises: A main shell (3), wherein a sludge treatment chamber (301) is provided inside the main shell (3), and the sludge treatment chamber (301) is connected to the upper and lower surfaces of the main shell (3); A first filter plate (4), the first filter plate (4) being arranged at the bottom of the sludge treatment chamber (301), and the first filter plate (4) being provided with a plurality of first filter holes (401); a second filter plate (5), the second filter plate (5) being arranged above the first filter plate (4), the second filter plate (5) being provided with a plurality of second filter holes (501), the aperture of the second filter holes (501) being smaller than the aperture of the first filter holes (401); a crushing unit, the crushing unit being located between the first filter plate (4) and the second filter plate (5), the crushing unit being capable of crushing impurities that cannot pass through the second filter holes (501); The crushing unit comprises: A rotating shaft (601), the rotating shaft (601) being arranged in the sludge treatment chamber (301) and being rotatable in a horizontal direction; a plurality of crushing wheels (602), wherein the plurality of crushing wheels (602) are arranged on the rotating shaft (601) at intervals along the length direction of the rotating shaft (601); A crushing motor (603), the crushing motor (603) is used to drive the rotating shaft (601) to rotate; The crushing wheel (602) is an eccentric wheel, and any two of the crushing wheels (602) form an angle with each other in the radial direction, and each of the crushing wheels (602) can contact the first filter plate (4) and the second filter plate (5) during rotation; A mounting groove (801) is provided at the bottom of the main shell (3), the first filter plate (4) is located in the mounting groove (801), a guide rod (802) is provided on the first filter plate (4) in a vertical direction, the upper end of the guide rod (802) can move vertically along the main shell (3), a first spring (803) is provided between the first filter plate (4) and the main shell (3), and two ends of the first spring (803) are respectively connected to the bottom surface of the mounting groove (801) and the first filter plate (4); An arc-shaped baffle (804) is provided at the bottom of the sludge treatment chamber (301), and a movable space for the upper end of the guide rod (802) to move vertically is formed between the arc-shaped baffle (804) and the side wall of the sludge treatment chamber (301); An annular guide groove (901) is provided on the side wall of the sludge treatment chamber (301), the second filter plate (5) is located in the annular guide groove (901), the second filter plate (5) can move vertically in the annular guide groove (901), a second spring (902) is provided in the annular guide groove (901), and two ends of the second spring (902) are respectively connected to the upper surface of the annular guide groove (901) and the second filter plate (5).

2. A hydraulic engineering dredging device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The crushing motor (603) is provided with a protective shell (7) outside.

3. A dredging method for a water conservancy project, the dredging method is performed using the dredging equipment for a water conservancy project according to claim 1, the dredging equipment further comprising a dredging pump, characterized in that: The desilting method comprises the following steps: Step 1: Connect the first end of the dredging pipe (1) to the dredging pump, and connect the second end of the dredging pipe (1) to the dredging head (2); place the dredging head (2) and the second end of the dredging pipe (1) into the riverbed to be dredged; Step 2: Start the crushing motor (603) and the silt removal pump. Under the action of the silt removal pump, negative pressure is generated in the silt removal pipe (1) and the silt treatment chamber (301) to extract silt from the riverbed. During the silt extraction process, the first filter plate (4) isolates large pieces of debris outside the silt treatment chamber (301). The crushing motor (603) drives the rotating shaft (601) to rotate, thereby driving the crushing wheel (602) to rotate to crush the large pieces of silt and debris entering the silt treatment chamber (301). The crushed silt and debris pass through the second filter plate (5) and are extracted through the silt removal pipe (1). During the rotation of the crushing wheel (602), the first filter plate (4) and the second filter plate (5) are continuously struck to prevent the first filter hole (401) and the second filter hole (501) from being blocked. Step 3: After the dredging is completed, the dredging pump is turned off first, the crushing motor (603) is kept started, and the second end of the dredging pipe (1) is taken out from the riverbed and then the crushing motor (603) is turned off.

4. A method for desilting a water conservancy project according to claim 3, characterized in that: The method further comprises step 4: separating the dredging head (2) from the dredging pipe (1), restarting the crushing motor (603), and cleaning the first filter plate (4) and the second filter plate (5) with a cleaning agent at the same time, and shutting down the crushing motor (603) after the cleaning is completed.

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