A fertilizer application amount detection and adjustment device based on a piezoelectric ceramic sheet

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of based on piezoelectric ceramic piece's fertilization amount detection and adjusting device, it includes upper and lower layout fertilizer distributor, detection device and fertilizer outlet;The fertilizer discharge capacity of the fertilizer distributor can be adjusted;The detection device is installed in shell, and the fertilizer outlet is located in the lower end of the shell, and the upper end of the shell is connected with the fertilizer distributor by fertilizer pipe;The detection device includes obliquely installed seat plate and detection plate, and damping pad is arranged between the detection plate and the seat plate;The back of the detection plate is installed with piezoelectric ceramic piece;The piezoelectric ceramic piece is connected signal processing circuit;The signal processing circuit includes reverse voltage filter unit, high-pass filter, low-pass filter and signal amplification component arranged in signal transmission direction in sequence.The application, by setting the fertilizer discharge capacity adjustable fertilizer distributor and the detection device based on piezoelectric ceramic piece, can monitor fertilizer discharge capacity in real time more accurately and is convenient to calibrate and adjust discharge capacity.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of fertilizer applicator, in particular to a fertilizer quantity detection and adjustment device based on piezoelectric ceramic sheet. BACKGROUND

[0002] Fertilization is a necessary operation in the process of crop planting, and the fertilization quantity needs to be monitored in real time during fertilization to facilitate timely fertilization in the event of lack of fertilizer. In the prior art, patent CN107980312A discloses a anti-blocking fertilizer discharge device, which sets a piezoelectric ceramic sheet on the fertilizer discharge pipeline and judges whether the fertilizer is blocked by the electric signal generated by the piezoelectric ceramic sheet; patent CN107155474A discloses a chaotic fertilizer discharge device, which makes the fertilizer fully vibrate to improve the uniformity of fertilizer discharge by a chaotic vibration generating device, and sets a crushing and conveying device with a piezoelectric ceramic sheet on the inclined side wall of the fertilizer tank to crush the fertilizer arching after being damped for the second time. In these schemes, although the piezoelectric ceramic sheet is set, the fertilizer discharge quantity cannot be monitored in real time. In addition, the piezoelectric ceramic sheet is also used in CN114451132A, CN208191337U and other patent schemes to monitor the material loss rate during cleaning and sorting. These schemes have obvious differences from the application purpose of the present application, and the material quantity value calculated by the piezoelectric ceramic sheet is not accurate due to the dispersion of the material generated during cleaning and sorting. SUMMARY

[0003] The present application provides a fertilizer quantity detection and adjustment device based on piezoelectric ceramic sheet, which can monitor the fertilizer discharge quantity in real time and accurately, and is convenient for calibration and adjustment of the discharge quantity.

[0004] Technical scheme: In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the fertilizer quantity detection and adjustment device based on piezoelectric ceramic sheet of the present application comprises an upper and lower layout fertilizer discharger, a detection device and a fertilizer outlet; the fertilizer discharge quantity of the fertilizer discharger can be adjusted;

[0005] The detection device is installed in the shell, and the fertilizer outlet is located at the lower end of the shell, and the upper end of the shell is connected with the fertilizer discharger through a fertilizer falling pipeline;

[0006] The detection device comprises an inclined seat plate and a detection plate, and a damping pad is arranged between the detection plate and the seat plate; a piezoelectric ceramic sheet is installed on the back surface of the detection plate;

[0007] The piezoelectric ceramic sheet is connected with a signal processing circuit; the signal processing circuit comprises a reverse voltage filtering unit, a high-pass filter, a low-pass filter and a signal amplification component arranged in sequence in the signal transmission direction.

[0008] Further, the high-pass filter and the low-pass filter can filter out noise signals below 500 Hz and above 1 kHz respectively.

[0009] Further, the high-pass filter is composed of a first capacitor, a second resistor and a third resistor; the first capacitor is connected in series with the piezoelectric ceramic sheet, and the second resistor and the third resistor are connected in parallel with the piezoelectric ceramic sheet; the capacitance of the first capacitor is 10 nF; and the total resistance of the second resistor and the third resistor is 32 kΩ.

[0010] Further, the low-pass filter is composed of a fourth resistor and a second capacitor; the fourth resistor is connected in series with the piezoelectric ceramic sheet, and the second capacitor is connected in parallel with the piezoelectric ceramic sheet; the resistance of the fourth resistor is 16 kΩ, and the capacitance of the second capacitor is 10 nF.

[0011] Further, the signal amplification assembly comprises an operational amplifier; the signal filtered by the low-pass filter enters the positive input end of the operational amplifier; the resistance of the negative feedback resistor of the operational amplifier is 49 kΩ, and the resistance of the grounding resistor is 1 kΩ.

[0012] Further, one side of the seat plate is rotatably mounted relative to the shell; the shell is formed with an arc-shaped slot; and the other side of the seat plate is connected with a fixing screw penetrating through the arc-shaped slot.

[0013] Further, the fertilizer dispenser comprises a seat body and a groove wheel mounted on the seat body; the groove wheel is provided with circumferentially arranged fertilizer grooves;

[0014] The groove wheel further comprises a light wheel which can slide relative to the seat body but cannot rotate relative to the seat body; and the groove wheel is rotatably mounted relative to the light wheel.

[0015] The fertilizer dispenser further comprises a limiting plate rotatably mounted on the seat body; and the limiting plate is internally provided with a matching hole matching the outer contour shape of the groove wheel.

[0016] Further, the light wheel has two ear stoppers, and the seat body is provided with a guide sliding hole matching the outer contour shape of the light wheel.

[0017] Further, a rotatable bottom plate is mounted at the lower end of the seat body.

[0018] Further, the signal processing circuit is mounted outside the seat body and located at the back side of the detection plate.

[0019] Beneficial effects: the fertilizer application amount detection and adjustment device based on piezoelectric ceramic sheet of the application, by setting the fertilizer discharge amount adjustable fertilizer discharger and the detection device based on piezoelectric ceramic sheet, and reasonably arranging the fertilizer discharger, fertilizer falling pipeline, fertilizer discharger and fertilizer outlet, on the one hand, the fertilizer application amount in the fertilization process can be monitored in real time by using the electric signal generated by the piezoelectric ceramic sheet, and the fertilizer falling pipeline is set to effectively gather the fertilizer and make the fertilizer obtain the falling speed, so as to improve the strength of the electric signal generated by the piezoelectric ceramic sheet to facilitate subsequent filtering; on the other hand, the relationship between the fertilizer discharge amount and the electric signal generated by the piezoelectric ceramic sheet can be calibrated, so that the fertilizer discharge amount calculated according to the electric signal is accurate in the actual fertilization process. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 It is an outline drawing of the fertilizer application amount detection and adjustment device based on piezoelectric ceramic sheet;

[0021] Figure 2 It is a sectional view of the fertilizer application amount detection and adjustment device based on piezoelectric ceramic sheet;

[0022] Figure 3 It is a structure drawing of the detection device part;

[0023] Figure 4 It is a sectional structure drawing of the fertilizer discharger;

[0024] Figure 5 It is a circuit diagram of the signal processing circuit.

[0025] In the drawing: 1-fertilizer discharger; 11-seat; 12-groove wheel; 13-light wheel; 131-ear stop; 14-limiting plate; 15-rotating seat; 16-bottom plate; 2-detection device; 21-seat plate; 22-detection plate; 23-damping pad; 24-piezoelectric ceramic sheet; 25-fixing screw; 3-fertilizer outlet; 4-housing; 41-main housing; 42-secondary housing; 4a-arc-shaped groove; 5-signal processing circuit; 51-reverse voltage filtering unit; 52-high-pass filter; 53-low-pass filter; 54-signal amplification assembly; 6-fertilizer falling pipeline; D1-diode; R1-first resistor; C1-first capacitor; R2-second resistor; R3-third resistor; C2-second capacitor; R4-fourth resistor; U1-operational amplifier; R5-ground resistor; R6-negative feedback resistor; C3, C4-filtering capacitor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The application will be further described below in combination with the drawings.

[0027] As Figures 1-2The fertilizer application detection and adjustment device based on piezoelectric ceramic sheet shown includes a fertilizer dispenser 1, a detection device 2, and a fertilizer outlet 3 arranged in an upper and lower configuration; the fertilizer discharge rate of the fertilizer dispenser 1 can be adjusted; the detection device 2 is installed inside the housing 4, the fertilizer outlet 3 is located at the lower end of the housing 4, and the upper end of the housing 4 is connected to the fertilizer dispenser 1 through a fertilizer discharge pipe 6.

[0028] like Figure 3 As shown, the detection device 2 includes a seat plate 21 and a detection plate 22 installed at an angle, and a damping pad 23 is provided between the detection plate 22 and the seat plate 21; a piezoelectric ceramic sheet 24 is installed on the back of the detection plate 22.

[0029] The piezoelectric ceramic sheet 24 is connected to the signal processing circuit 5; for example... Figure 5 As shown, the signal processing circuit 5 includes a reverse voltage filtering unit 51, a high-pass filter 52, a low-pass filter 53, and a signal amplification component 54 arranged sequentially in the signal transmission direction. The signal processing circuit 5 is mounted outside the base 11 and located on the back side of the detection plate 22, thus facilitating the connection between the piezoelectric ceramic sheet 24 and the signal processing circuit 5. A protective cover for the signal processing circuit 5 is mounted on the base 11.

[0030] In the above structure, the fertilizer discharged by the fertilizer discharger 1 is concentrated after being collected by the fertilizer drop pipe 6. The fertilizer drop pipe 6 is relatively long, which allows the fertilizer to fall and accelerate fully. This allows for a full impact on the detection plate 22, causing the piezoelectric ceramic sheet 24 to generate a strong electrical signal. As a result, noise is more easily filtered out, and useful electrical signals are more easily extracted.

[0031] The high-pass filter 52 and the low-pass filter 53 can filter out noise signals below 500Hz and above 1kHz, respectively. The noise signals below 500Hz cover the frequency of noise signals generated by the vibration of the fertilizer applicator itself, while the noise signals above 1kHz cover the noise signals generated by pulsating particles impacting the impact plate. Therefore, the high-pass filter 52 and the low-pass filter 53 can effectively filter out noise and obtain a smoother, more effective signal.

[0032] The housing 4 has a spacious interior, with the detection plate 22 located below the fertilizer discharge pipe 6. The fertilizer discharge pipe 6 and the fertilizer outlet 3 are vertically offset from each other. The fertilizer falling from the fertilizer discharge pipe 6 slides along the detection plate 22 to the fertilizer outlet 3 or bounces off the detection plate 22 and falls to the fertilizer outlet 3. This more rational fertilizer path effectively reduces bouncing. In contrast, with a horizontally placed detection plate, the material may bounce repeatedly or accumulate on the surface of the detection plate after falling, causing the electrical signal generated by the piezoelectric ceramic sheet 24 to be inaccurate due to excessive disturbance factors.

[0033] Specifically, the reverse voltage filtering unit 51 comprises a diode D1 and a first resistor R1.

[0034] The high-pass filter 52 is composed of a first capacitor C1, a second resistor R2 and a third resistor R3; the first capacitor C1 is connected in series with the piezoelectric ceramic sheet 24, and the second resistor R2 and the third resistor R3 are connected in parallel with the piezoelectric ceramic sheet 24; the capacitance of the first capacitor C1 is 10 nf; the total resistance of the second resistor R2 and the third resistor R3 is 32 kΩ, wherein the resistance of the second resistor R2 and the third resistor R3 is 30 kΩ and 2 kΩ, respectively. In this way, the filtering of noise signals below 500 Hz can be realized.

[0035] The low-pass filter 53 is composed of a fourth resistor R4 and a second capacitor C2; the fourth resistor R4 is connected in series with the piezoelectric ceramic sheet 24, and the second capacitor C2 is connected in parallel with the piezoelectric ceramic sheet 24; the resistance of the fourth resistor R4 is 16 kΩ, and the capacitance of the second capacitor C2 is 10 nf. In this way, the filtering of noise signals above 1 kHz can be realized.

[0036] The signal amplification assembly 54 comprises an operational amplifier U1; the signal filtered through the low-pass filter 53 enters the positive input end of the operational amplifier U1; the resistance of the negative feedback resistor R6 of the operational amplifier U1 is 49 KΩ, and the resistance of the grounding resistor R5 is 1 KΩ. In this way, the operational amplifier U1 can amplify the signal by 50 times and output; in addition, the operational amplifier U1 is powered by dual power supplies VCC and VEE, and the two power supplies VCC and VEE are connected to the operational amplifier U1 through filter capacitors C3 and C4 with a capacitance of 1 uf, so that the operational amplifier can work stably.

[0037] Preferably, as shown in Figure 4 The fertilizer distributor 1 comprises a seat body 11 and a groove wheel 12 mounted on the seat body 11; the groove wheel 12 is provided with a circumferential array of fertilizer grooves; the groove wheel 12 further comprises a light wheel 13 which can slide relative to the seat body 11 but cannot rotate relative to the seat body 11; the groove wheel 12 is rotatably mounted relative to the light wheel 13; the fertilizer distributor 1 further comprises a limiting plate 14 rotatably mounted on the seat body 11; the limiting plate 14 has a matching hole which matches the outer contour shape of the groove wheel 12.

[0038] The light wheel 13 has two blocking ears 131, and the seat body 11 has a guide hole matching the outer contour shape of the light wheel 13. In this way, the blocking ears 131 can prevent the fertilizer in the seat body 11 from being discharged through the groove wheel 12, and can also play a role in rotation stopping. In addition, the limiting plate 14 is connected to the seat body 11 through a rotating seat 15, and the rotating seat 15 and the light wheel 13 form reliable support for the groove wheel 12.

[0039] With the above structure, by changing the position of the light wheel 13, the relative position of the groove wheel 12 and the limiting plate 14 can be changed, so that the length of the working section of the fertilizer groove on the groove wheel 12 can be changed. In this way, the fertilizer discharge amount when the groove wheel 12 rotates can be changed.

[0040] In addition, the lower end of the seat body 11 is provided with a rotatable bottom plate 16. By opening the bottom plate 16, the remaining fertilizer in the seat body 11 can be poured out.

[0041] Before the fertilizer application operation is implemented, the correlation between the actual fertilizer discharge amount of the fertilizer discharger 1 and the electric signal generated by the piezoelectric ceramic sheet 24 is calibrated. Specifically, under static conditions, the position and rotation speed of the groove wheel 12 can be adjusted so that the fertilizer discharge amount of the fertilizer discharger 1 is a known value, and then the data generated by the piezoelectric ceramic sheet 24 is collected and a relationship between the data and the fertilizer discharge amount is established. Then, in order to consider the influence of the machine vibration during actual operation, the data generated by the piezoelectric ceramic sheet 24 can be collected again under the same fertilizer discharge amount during machine operation, and the two sets of collected data are compared to calculate the influence factor of dynamic conditions compared to static conditions, and the influence factor is applied to the relationship between the above data and the fertilizer discharge amount to obtain the final relationship. More preferably, a shaking test device can be provided, and the fertilizer discharge amount detection and adjustment device of the present application is installed on the shaking test device, and an amplitude detection sensor for recording the shaking amplitude is provided on the fertilizer discharge amount detection and adjustment device. By changing the shaking amplitude of the shaking test device, and recording the influence factor corresponding to different shaking amplitude ranges. In actual operation, the amplitude detection sensor is also installed on the fertilizer discharge amount detection and adjustment device, and the amplitude detection sensor can detect the actual shaking amplitude of the fertilizer discharge amount detection and adjustment device in real time, and calculate the average shaking amplitude according to the actual shaking amplitude within a fixed time interval, and look up the influence factor according to the average shaking amplitude, and calculate the fertilizer discharge amount according to the influence factor and the data generated by the piezoelectric ceramic sheet 24. In this way, more accurate fertilizer discharge amount data can be obtained, and the influence caused by different machine vibration amplitudes can be avoided to change the accuracy.

[0042] Preferably, one side of the seat plate 21 is rotatably mounted relative to the shell 4; the shell 4 is formed with an arc-shaped slot 4a; the other side of the seat plate 21 is connected with a fixing screw 25 passing through the arc-shaped slot 4a. Through the above structure, the user can conveniently adjust the angle of the seat plate 21, i.e. the angle of the detection plate 22, on one hand, so that the fertilizer above the set threshold (e.g. 70%) can flow downward along the detection plate 22, reducing the proportion of the bouncing fertilizer, so that more stable data can be obtained. On the other hand, the angle of the detection plate 22 can be adapted to the characteristics of the fertilizer, such as lighter fertilizer and / or smaller fertilizer discharge amount, so that the inclination angle of the detection plate 22 can be reduced to increase the stackable thickness of the fertilizer on the detection plate 22, increasing the strength of the electric signal generated by the piezoelectric ceramic sheet 24. In addition, the upper and lower ends of the fertilizer falling pipeline 6 are respectively sleeved and fixed with the seat body 11 of the fertilizer distributor 1 and the shell 4, and the actual sleeving length of the upper and lower ends of the fertilizer falling pipeline 6 and the corresponding connecting parts (the seat body 11 or the shell 4) can be changed to change the falling height of the fertilizer, so as to change the impact degree of the fertilizer on the detection plate 22, so that the signal generated by the fertilizer acting on the detection plate 22 is more obvious. After adjusting the angle of the seat plate 21 and the actual sleeving length of the two ends of the fertilizer falling pipeline 6 each time, the relationship between the fertilizer discharge amount and the data generated by the piezoelectric ceramic sheet 24 needs to be recalibrated.

[0043] In order to facilitate disassembly and repair, the shell 4 includes a main shell 41 and a secondary shell 42, the main shell 41 is formed with an opening portion, the secondary shell 42 is mounted at the opening portion and can be disassembled relative to the opening portion, and the detection device 2 is mounted in the secondary shell 42, so that the detection device 2 can be conveniently disassembled and repaired. The arc-shaped slot 4a is formed on the secondary shell 42.

[0044] The above only describes the preferred embodiments of the present application, and it should be noted that those skilled in the art can make several improvements and refinements without departing from the principles of the present application, and these improvements and refinements should also be considered as the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A piezoelectric ceramic sheet-based fertilizer application amount detection and adjustment device, comprising an upper and lower layout fertilizer applicator (1), a detection device (2), and a fertilizer outlet (3); the fertilizer application amount of the fertilizer applicator (1) can be adjusted; characterized in that: the detection device (2) is installed in a housing (4), the fertilizer outlet (3) is located at the lower end of the housing (4), and the upper end of the housing (4) is connected with the fertilizer applicator (1) through a fertilizer falling pipe (6); the detection device (2) comprises an inclined seat plate (21) and a detection plate (22), and a damping pad (23) is arranged between the detection plate (22) and the seat plate (21); the back surface of the detection plate (22) is provided with a piezoelectric ceramic sheet (24); the piezoelectric ceramic sheet (24) is connected with a signal processing circuit (5); the signal processing circuit (5) comprises, in sequence in the signal transmission direction, a reverse voltage filtering unit (51), a high-pass filter (52), a low-pass filter (53), and a signal amplification assembly (54); the high-pass filter (52) is composed of a first capacitor (C1), a second resistor (R2), and a third resistor (R3); the first capacitor (C1) is connected in series with the piezoelectric ceramic sheet (24), and the second resistor (R2) and the third resistor (R3) are connected in parallel with the piezoelectric ceramic sheet (24); the capacitance of the first capacitor (C1) is 10 nf; the total resistance of the second resistor (R2) and the third resistor (R3) is 32 kΩ; the low-pass filter (53) is composed of a fourth resistor (R4) and a second capacitor (C2); the fourth resistor (R4) is connected in series with the piezoelectric ceramic sheet (24), and the second capacitor (C2) is connected in parallel with the piezoelectric ceramic sheet (24); the resistance of the fourth resistor (R4) is 16 kΩ, and the capacitance of the second capacitor (C2) is 10 nf; the signal amplification assembly (54) comprises an operational amplifier (U1); the signal filtered through the low-pass filter (53) enters the positive input end of the operational amplifier (U1); the resistance of the negative feedback resistor (R6) of the operational amplifier (U1) is 49 kΩ, and the resistance of the grounding resistor (R5) is 1 kΩ; one side of the seat plate (21) is rotationally mounted relative to the housing (4); an arc-shaped groove (4a) is formed on the housing (4); the other side of the seat plate (21) is connected with a fixing screw (25) penetrating through the arc-shaped groove (4a); when the angle of the detection plate (22) is adjusted, the fertilizer above a set threshold value can flow downward along the detection plate (22); the upper and lower ends of the fertilizer falling pipe (6) are respectively in a sleeved fixing structure with the seat body (11) of the fertilizer applicator (1) and the housing (4); by changing the actual sleeved length of the upper and lower ends of the fertilizer falling pipe (6) and the corresponding connecting components, the falling height of the fertilizer is changed to change the impact force of the fertilizer on the detection plate (22). ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ Before the fertilization operation is implemented, the correlation between the actual fertilizer discharge amount of the fertilizer discharger (1) and the electric signal generated by the piezoelectric ceramic sheet (24) is calibrated; specifically, under static conditions, the position and rotation speed of the groove wheel (12) are first adjusted so that the fertilizer discharge amount of the fertilizer discharger (1) is a known value, and then the data generated by the piezoelectric ceramic sheet (24) is collected and the relationship between the data and the fertilizer discharge amount is established; then the fertilizer discharge amount detection and adjustment device is installed on the shaking test device, and an amplitude detection sensor for recording the shaking amplitude is arranged on the fertilizer discharge amount detection and adjustment device, the shaking amplitude of the shaking test device is changed, and the influence factor corresponding to different shaking amplitude ranges is recorded; During actual driving, the amplitude detection sensor is also installed on the fertilizer discharge amount detection and adjustment device, the amplitude detection sensor detects the actual shaking amplitude of the fertilizer discharge amount detection and adjustment device in real time, calculates the average shaking amplitude according to the actual shaking amplitude within a fixed time interval, looks up the influence factor according to the average shaking amplitude, and calculates the fertilizer discharge amount according to the influence factor and the data generated by the piezoelectric ceramic sheet (24).

2. The piezoelectric ceramic sheet-based fertilizer application amount detection and adjustment device according to claim 1, characterized by The high-pass filter (52) and the low-pass filter (53) can filter out noise signals below 500 Hz and above 1 kHz, respectively.

3. The piezoelectric ceramic sheet-based fertilizer application amount detection and adjustment device according to claim 1, characterized by The fertilizer discharger (1) comprises a seat body (11) and a groove wheel (12) installed on the seat body (11); the groove wheel (12) is provided with fertilizer grooves arranged in a circumferential array around the groove wheel (12); The groove wheel (12) further comprises a light wheel (13) which can slide relative to the seat body (11) but cannot rotate relative to the seat body (11); the groove wheel (12) is rotatably installed relative to the light wheel (13); The fertilizer discharger (1) further comprises a limiting plate (14) rotatably installed on the seat body (11); the limiting plate (14) has a matching hole which matches the outer contour shape of the groove wheel (12) in the limiting plate (14).

4. The piezoelectric ceramic sheet-based fertilizer application amount detection and adjustment device according to claim 3, characterized by The light wheel (13) has two ear stoppers (131), and the seat body (11) has a guide sliding hole which matches the outer contour shape of the light wheel (13).

5. The piezoelectric ceramic sheet-based fertilizer application amount detection and adjustment device according to claim 3, characterized by A rotatable bottom plate (16) is installed at the lower end of the seat body (11).

6. The piezoelectric ceramic sheet-based fertilizer application amount detection and adjustment device according to claim 1, characterized by The signal processing circuit (5) is installed outside the seat body (11) and located at the back side of the detection plate (22).

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