A flotation process for zinc sulfide ore

Abstract

The present invention relates to a zinc sulfide ore flotation process, comprising the following steps: S1, grinding zinc sulfide ore into ore pulp using a ball mill, adding sodium silicate in the ball mill during grinding, with the addition amount being 20g of sodium silicate per ton of ore; S2, adjusting the pH value of the ore pulp to 8-11; S3, adding a composite collector A2 during flotation of the zinc sulfide ore pulp, wherein the composite collector A2 comprises the following components in parts by weight: 10-14 parts of thiocarbamate, 5-9 parts of thiocarbamate, 9-12 parts of kerosene, 1.5-2.0 parts of a mineral processing active material, 3-5 parts of dibutylammonium dithiophosphate, 1-4 parts of tributylmethylammonium chloride, and 1-4 parts of water; and performing the remaining operations as conventional methods. The process of the present invention can effectively improve the grade of the flotation zinc concentrate and reduce the zinc content in the tailings.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of mineral processing, and in particular relates to a zinc sulfide ore flotation process. Background Art

[0002] Lead-zinc ore is a strategic mineral resource, playing a crucial role in the nonferrous metals industry, primarily used in the electrical, metallurgical, chemical, and mechanical industries. Lead-zinc ore types in my country are complex, with numerous co-existing components and high comprehensive utilization value, primarily consisting of sulfide lead-zinc ores. Among lead-zinc deposits, zinc-dominated ones are more common than lead-dominated ones, and lead-only deposits are rare, resulting in a preponderance of poor-quality ores and a scarcity of rich-quality ores. Flotation is the primary method for lead-zinc ore beneficiation in my country, and the unique characteristics of lead-zinc ore resources dictate the complexity of lead-zinc beneficiation processes, reagent systems, and flotation theory.

[0003] Zinc minerals typically account for a greater proportion of lead minerals than lead minerals in lead-zinc sulfide ores, and galena has better floatability than sphalerite. Therefore, the flotation principle of "floating less and suppressing more" and the difference in their flotability determine that the primary principle for separating lead-zinc sulfide ores is "floating lead and suppressing zinc." Common flotation processes for lead-zinc sulfide ores include traditional flotation and potential-controlled flotation. Traditional flotation processes can be further categorized as preferential flotation, mixed flotation, equal flotability, and asynchronous flotation. Currently, Fankou lead-zinc ore is a complex, high-lead, zinc, and iron sulfide ore with unevenly distributed medium- and fine-grained useful minerals, making separation difficult. Through continuous research and refinement, a process strategy has been established that prioritizes rapid flotation for those that float quickly and slow flotation for those that are difficult to separate. This asynchronous mixed flotation process utilizes lead and zinc, rapidly flotating the lead and zinc based on the degree of mineral dissociation and flotability, producing high-quality lead and zinc concentrates. Difficult-to-separate lead and zinc middlings are combined and finely ground for separation to produce a mixed lead-zinc concentrate, and the lead-zinc tailings are flotated to produce a sulfur concentrate.

[0004] Xanthate is an effective collector for zinc sulfide ore, but in the absence of activation, short-chain xanthates have weak collection capabilities for sphalerite and marmatite, and long-chain xanthates must be used. In the presence of copper sulfate for activation, butyl xanthate is a commonly used collector for sphalerite and marmatite, but in order to improve the grade and recovery rate of zinc concentrate, it is also necessary to study collectors with stronger selectivity and collection capabilities for zinc sulfide ore to optimize the flotation process. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to overcome the problems existing in the background technology, the present invention provides a zinc sulfide ore flotation process.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions:

[0007] A zinc sulfide ore flotation process comprises the following steps:

[0008] S1, using a ball mill to grind the zinc sulfide ore into slurry, adding sodium silicate into the ball mill during grinding, with the addition amount being 20g sodium silicate per ton of ore;

[0009] S2, adjusting the pH value of the slurry to 8-11;

[0010] S3, when the zinc sulfide slurry is flotated, a composite collector A2 is added, wherein the composite collector A2 comprises the following components in parts by weight: 10-14 parts of thiocarbamate, 5-9 parts of thiocarbamate, 9-12 parts of kerosene, 1.5-2.0 parts of mineral processing active material, 3-5 parts of dibutylammonium dithiophosphate, 1-4 parts of tributylmethylammonium chloride, and 5-8 parts of water; and the remaining operations are carried out as usual.

[0011] Furthermore, the composite collector A2 is prepared by the following steps:

[0012] S1, adding dibutyl ammonium dithiophosphate to water, heating to 45-60°C and stirring until dissolved to obtain a mixture B, which is kept warm for later use;

[0013] S2, add thiocarbamate, thionitrogen ester and tributylmethylammonium chloride to kerosene and stir for 1.5-2 hours to obtain mixture C; then slowly drop mixture B at 45-60°C and mineral processing active material into mixture C, and continue stirring for 3-6 hours to obtain composite collector A2.

[0014] Furthermore, the mineral processing active substance is Tween 40.

[0015] Furthermore, the addition amount of the composite collector is 25 g per ton of raw ore.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the process of the present invention can effectively improve the grade of zinc concentrate by flotation and reduce the zinc content in tailings. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and beneficial effects of the present invention clearer, the preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below to facilitate understanding by technicians.

[0018] Example 1: A zinc sulfide ore flotation process comprising the following steps:

[0019] S1, using a ball mill to grind the zinc sulfide ore into slurry, adding sodium silicate into the ball mill during grinding, with the addition amount being 20g sodium silicate per ton of ore;

[0020] S2, adjusting the pH value of the slurry to 8;

[0021] S3. When the zinc sulfide slurry is subjected to flotation, a composite collector A2 is added. The amount of the composite collector added is 25 g per ton of raw ore. The composite collector A2 comprises the following components in parts by weight: 10 parts of thiocarbamate, 5 parts of thiocarbamate, 9 parts of kerosene, 1.5 parts of mineral processing active material, 3 parts of dibutylammonium dithiophosphate, 1 part of tributylmethylammonium chloride, and 5 parts of water. The remaining operations are carried out as usual.

[0022] The composite collector A2 is prepared by the following steps:

[0023] S1, adding dibutyl ammonium dithiophosphate to water, heating to 45°C and stirring until dissolved to obtain a mixture B, which is kept warm for later use;

[0024] S2, add thiocarbamate, thionitrogen ester and tributylmethylammonium chloride to kerosene and stir for 1.5 hours to obtain mixture C; then slowly dropwise add mixture B at 45°C and mineral processing active substance Tween 40 into mixture C, and continue stirring for 3 hours to obtain composite collector A2.

[0025] Comparative experiment:

[0026] The comparative experiment used the traditional zinc sulfide collector butyl xanthate as a reference to conduct a flotation experiment. The specific steps are as follows:

[0027] S1. Raw material preparation: prepare two 1kg samples of the same raw ore, select lead reagent, two grams of A2, 5g of copper sulfate, an electronic balance, multiple sheets of filter paper, multiple beakers, and multiple sampling basins.

[0028] S2, Grinding: Grind the two groups of raw ores separately. After adding the raw ores into the small ball mill, add 700 mL of water and grind for 7 minutes. The grinding fineness is -200 mesh and the content accounts for 82%. Sodium silicate is added into the ball mill during grinding. The addition amount is 20 g of sodium silicate per ton of raw ore.

[0029] S3, preparation of reagents: take 1g of butanol and add it to 100mL of clean water to prepare a 1% butanol solution; take 1g of A2 and add it to 100mL of clean water to prepare a 1% A2 solution; take 5g of copper sulfate and add it to 500mL of clean water to prepare a 1% copper sulfate solution.

[0030] S4, flotation process using butyl xanthate as the collector: One group of ground pulp is poured into a small flotation cell for flotation. A lead separation agent is added to separate the lead metal. 15 mL of copper sulfate is added to the pulp after lead separation to activate the zinc sulfide metal. After activation for 4 minutes, 35 mL of the prepared butyl xanthate solution is added. The pulp is stirred for 2 minutes, and then an appropriate amount of frother is added. After stirring for 1 minute, aeration and scraping are performed. The roughing froth is then subjected to three rounds of cleaning to obtain the final zinc concentrate. The tailings after the roughing are scavenged twice to obtain the final tailings.

[0031] S5, flotation process with collector A2: The experimental process is the same as S4, except that the xanthate is replaced by A2.

[0032] S6, filter, dry, prepare and send the test samples for analysis. The analysis results are shown in Table 1 below:

[0033]

[0034] As shown in Table 1, when flotation agent A2 is used for flotation, the zinc grade in the zinc concentrate is increased by 48.50%-45.21%=3.29%; the zinc grade in the tailings is reduced by 0.43%-0.34%=0.09%, and the zinc recovery rate is increased by 91.62%-89.55%=2.07%.

[0035] A2 quantitative experiment

[0036] The quantitative experiment of A2 selected 20g / t, 25g / t, and 30g / t of A2 dosage for gradient test. The specific experimental steps are as follows:

[0037] S1. Raw material preparation: prepare three 1kg samples of the same raw ore, select lead reagent, two grams of A2, 5g of copper sulfate, an electronic balance, several sheets of filter paper, several beakers, and several sampling basins.

[0038] S2, Grinding: Grind the three groups of raw ores separately. After adding the raw ores into a small ball mill, add 700 mL of water and grind for 7 minutes. The grinding fineness is -200 mesh and the content accounts for 82%. Sodium silicate is added into the ball mill during grinding. The addition amount is 20 g of sodium silicate per ton of raw ore.

[0039] S3, preparation of reagents: take 1g of butanol and add it to 100mL of clean water to prepare a 1% butanol solution; take 1g of A2 and add it to 100mL of clean water to prepare a 1% A2 solution; take 5g of copper sulfate and add it to 500mL of clean water to prepare a 1% copper sulfate solution.

[0040] S4, flotation process with 20g / t A2: One group of ground pulp is poured into a small flotation cell for flotation. A lead separation agent is added to separate the lead metal. 15mL of copper sulfate is added to the pulp after lead separation to activate the zinc sulfide. After activation for 4 minutes, 2mL of the prepared A2 solution is added. The pulp is stirred for 2 minutes, and then an appropriate amount of frother is added. After stirring for 1 minute, aeration and scraping are performed. The roughing froth is then subjected to three rounds of concentrating to obtain the final zinc concentrate. The tailings after the roughing are scavenged twice to obtain the final tailings.

[0041] S5, flotation process with A2 dosage of 25 g / t: The experimental process was the same as S4, except that the A2 dosage was changed to 2.5 mL.

[0042] S6, flotation process with A2 dosage of 30 g / t: The experimental process was the same as S4, except that the A2 dosage was changed to 3 mL.

[0043] S7, filter, dry, prepare and send the test samples for analysis. The analysis results are shown in Table 2 below.

[0044]

[0045] As shown in Table 2, when the dosage of A2 is 25 g / t, the zinc grade in the zinc concentrate is the highest, which is 51.23%; and the zinc recovery rate reaches the highest level of 92.90%.

[0046] Example 2, a zinc sulfide ore flotation process, comprising the following steps:

[0047] S1, using a ball mill to grind the zinc sulfide ore into slurry, adding sodium silicate into the ball mill during grinding, with the addition amount being 20g sodium silicate per ton of ore;

[0048] S2, adjusting the pH value of the slurry to 10;

[0049] S3. When the zinc sulfide slurry is subjected to flotation, a composite collector A2 is added. The amount of the composite collector added is 25 g per ton of raw ore. The composite collector A2 comprises the following components in parts by weight: 12 parts of thiocarbamate, 7 parts of thiocarbamate, 10 parts of kerosene, 1.7 parts of mineral processing active material, 4 parts of dibutylammonium dithiophosphate, 2.5 parts of tributylmethylammonium chloride, and 7 parts of water. The remaining operations are carried out as usual.

[0050] The composite collector A2 is prepared by the following steps:

[0051] S1, adding dibutyl ammonium dithiophosphate to water, heating to 50°C and stirring until dissolved to obtain a mixture B, which is kept warm for later use;

[0052] S2, add thiocarbamate, thiocarbamate and tributylammonium chloride to kerosene and stir for 1.7 hours to obtain mixture C; then slowly dropwise add 50°C mixture B and mineral processing active substance Tween 40 into mixture C, and continue stirring for 4.5 hours to obtain composite collector A2.

[0053] Comparative experiment

[0054] The comparative experiment of Example 2 is the same as that of Example 1 except that the corresponding parameters are changed. The final analysis results are shown in Table 3 below:

[0055]

[0056] As shown in Table 3, when flotation was performed using flotation capture agent A2, the zinc grade in the zinc concentrate increased by 2.33%, the zinc grade in the tailings decreased by 0.14%, and the zinc recovery rate increased by 0.78%.

[0057] A2 quantitative experiment

[0058] The A2 quantification in Example 2 was performed in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the corresponding parameters were changed. The final analysis results are shown in Table 4 below:

[0059]

[0060]

[0061] As shown in Table 4, when the dosage of A2 is 25 g / t, the zinc grade in the zinc concentrate is the highest, which is 51.23%; and the zinc recovery rate reaches the highest level of 93.41%.

[0062] Example 3, a zinc sulfide ore flotation process, comprising the following steps:

[0063] S1, using a ball mill to grind the zinc sulfide ore into slurry, adding sodium silicate into the ball mill during grinding, with the addition amount being 20g sodium silicate per ton of ore;

[0064] S2, adjusting the pH value of the slurry to 11;

[0065] S3. When the zinc sulfide slurry is subjected to flotation, a composite collector A2 is added. The amount of the composite collector added is 25 g per ton of raw ore. The composite collector A2 comprises the following components in parts by weight: 14 parts of thiocarbamate, 9 parts of thiocarbamate, 12 parts of kerosene, 2.0 parts of mineral processing active material, 5 parts of dibutylammonium dithiophosphate, 4 parts of tributylmethylammonium chloride, and 8 parts of water. The remaining operations are carried out as usual.

[0066] The composite collector A2 is prepared by the following steps:

[0067] S1, adding dibutyl ammonium dithiophosphate to water, heating to 60°C and stirring until dissolved to obtain a mixture B, which is kept warm for later use;

[0068] S2, add thiocarbamate, thiocarbamate and tributylammonium chloride to kerosene and stir for 2 hours to obtain mixture C; then slowly add mixture B at 60°C and mineral processing active substance Tween 40 dropwise into mixture C, and continue stirring for 6 hours to obtain composite collector A2.

[0069] Comparative experiment

[0070] The comparative experiment of Example 3 is the same as that of Example 1 except that the corresponding parameters are changed. The final analysis results are shown in Table 5 below:

[0071]

[0072]

[0073] As shown in Table 5, when flotation is performed using flotation capture agent A2, the zinc grade in the zinc concentrate is increased by 3%, the zinc grade in the tailings is reduced by 0.07%, and the zinc recovery rate is increased by 2.3%.

[0074] A2 quantitative experiment

[0075] The A2 quantification in Example 2 was performed in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the corresponding parameters were changed. The final analysis results are shown in Table 6 below:

[0076]

[0077] As shown in Table 6, when the dosage of A2 is 25 g / t, the zinc grade in the zinc concentrate is the highest, which is 52.34%; the zinc recovery rate reaches the highest 92.76%.

[0078] Finally, it should be noted that the above preferred embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not limiting. Although the present invention has been described in detail through the above preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that various changes can be made in form and details without departing from the scope defined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A zinc sulfide ore flotation process, characterized in that: The following steps are included: S1, using a ball mill to grind the zinc sulfide ore into slurry, adding sodium silicate into the ball mill during grinding, with the addition amount being 20g sodium silicate per ton of ore; S2, adjusting the pH value of the slurry to 8-11; S3, when the zinc sulfide slurry is flotated, a composite collector A2 is added, wherein the composite collector A2 comprises the following components in parts by weight: 10-14 parts of thiocarbamate, 5-9 parts of thiocarbamate, 9-12 parts of kerosene, 1.5-2.0 parts of mineral processing active material, 3-5 parts of dibutylammonium dithiophosphate, 1-4 parts of tributylmethylammonium chloride, and 1-4 parts of water; and the remaining operations are carried out as usual; The composite collector A2 is prepared by the following steps: S1, adding dibutyl ammonium dithiophosphate to water, heating to 45-60°C and stirring until dissolved to obtain a mixture B, which is kept warm for later use; S2, adding thiocarbamate, thionitrogen ester and tributylmethylammonium chloride to kerosene and stirring for 1.5-2 hours to obtain mixture C; then slowly dripping mixture B and mineral processing active material at 45-60°C into mixture C, and continuously stirring for 3-6 hours to obtain composite collector A2; The mineral processing active substance is Tween 40.

2. A zinc sulfide ore flotation process according to claim 1, characterized in that: The addition amount of the composite collector is 25 g per ton of raw ore.

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