Cantilevered weak-rigid part profile laminating machining method and application thereof

Abstract

The present application relates to the field of aviation integral frame part machining, and particularly relates to a cantilever weak rigidity part shape laminated machining method, comprising the steps of partitioning the laminated machining surface and the step of line cutting machining the laminated machining surface, the partitioning comprises dividing the machining surface into a plurality of machining regions according to rigidity, all the machining regions are parallel and through the machining surface, and the line cutting machining determines the machining sequence of each machining region according to the rigidity increasing sequence. The rigidity difference in each machining region is small, which can ensure the machining process of the tool in each machining region is stable, the machining quality and machining efficiency are high, and the overall machining quality of the laminated machining surface is improved. Furthermore, due to the improvement of the machining stability, the influence of machining vibration on the tool life and the machine precision can be avoided. The present application also provides an application of the cantilever weak rigidity part shape laminated machining method.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of machining integral frame parts for aerospace applications, and particularly to a method for machining the shape of cantilevered weakly rigid parts by layering and its application. Background Technology

[0002] Large integral frame parts, as the skeleton parts in the aircraft assembly process, are prone to deformation during processing, which affects the assembly quality of the aircraft and restricts the manufacturing efficiency and quality of the aircraft.

[0003] Currently, to eliminate the effects of deformation on skeleton parts, a composite material laminate is often laid on the outer surface of the skeleton part, and then the laminate is re-machined according to the theoretical shape of the part to ensure that the final skeleton part meets the usage requirements. However, when the outer flange of the skeleton part is a large cantilever weak rigidity structure, the outer flange only has webs in the transverse and / or longitudinal central areas. During machining of the outer laminate, vibration is easily generated, resulting in poor stability and quality problems such as part failure, shortened tool life, and damage to machine tool accuracy.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a technical solution to address the problem of poor stability in the processing of existing large cantilever weak rigidity structures, which leads to various quality issues. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to address the technical problem of poor stability in the processing of the external shape of existing large cantilever weak rigidity structures, which leads to various quality issues, by providing a method for processing the external shape of cantilever weak rigidity parts in a stacked manner and its application.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0007] A method for processing the shape of a cantilevered weakly rigid part in a stacked manner includes the steps of partitioning the stacked processing surface and performing line cutting processing on the stacked processing surface. The partitioning includes dividing the processing surface into several processing areas according to the rigidity. All processing areas are parallel and penetrate the processing surface. The line cutting processing determines the processing sequence of each processing area according to the increasing rigidity order.

[0008] The present invention discloses a method for processing the lamination of cantilevered weakly rigid parts. The lamination processing surface is divided into zones according to rigidity, and each processing zone is processed separately by combining line cutting. The rigidity difference between each processing zone is small, which can ensure that the processing process of the tool in each processing zone is relatively stable, and the processing quality and efficiency are high. This improves the overall processing quality of the lamination processing surface. At the same time, due to the improvement of processing stability, the impact of processing vibration on tool life and machine tool accuracy can be avoided.

[0009] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the angle α between the bottom plane of the cutting tool and the stacked machining surface is 10°-15°. This ensures that only the bottom angle R of the tool contacts the stacked machining surface, resulting in low machining resistance and a large distance between the cutting point and the tool's rotation center, leading to high machining linear speed.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the cutting tool is set to have the same swing angle in each processing area, forming a fixed swing angle cutting process. This effectively avoids uneven tool contact caused by machine tool swing angle errors and ensures consistent processing quality in each processing area.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the cutting tool is configured to travel in a reciprocating motion pattern in each processing area, and the tool moves from the outside to the inside of each processing area, wherein the rigidity of the outside is weaker than that of the inside.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the cutting tool is positioned on one side of the machined surface of the stack during the row cutting process. This avoids the problem of increased cutting resistance due to friction between the bottom surface of the tool and the machined surface of the stack during the machining process.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the tool drive surface of the row cutting process extends at least beyond the boundary of the stacked machining surface. This avoids tool vibration and wear caused by excessive cutting force in the first cut of the row cutting process, thereby improving machining stability.

[0014] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the tool feed rate of the different machining zones in the row cutting process is positively correlated with the material rigidity of the different machining zones. This further improves machining efficiency while ensuring the machining stability of each working zone.

[0015] An application of a cantilever weakly rigid part shape stacking processing method is disclosed, which is applied to the shape processing of the flange of a metal skeleton part. The metal skeleton part includes perpendicularly intersecting flanges and webs, and the outer surface of the flanges is stacked. The stacked outer surface is processed using a cantilever weakly rigid part shape stacking processing method.

[0016] The present invention relates to a method for processing the lamination of cantilevered weakly rigid parts. By using the above-mentioned processing method to process the flange shape of metal skeleton parts, the processing process is more stable, with higher processing quality and efficiency, thereby improving the overall processing quality of the lamination surface. At the same time, due to the improved processing stability, the impact of processing vibration on tool life and machine tool accuracy can be avoided.

[0017] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the specific steps include: S1: Applying a uniformly distributed compressive load to the outer surface of the flange of the part using finite element simulation software to obtain a flange deformation cloud map; S2: Dividing the laminate into regions according to the deformation cloud map, the laminate is divided into a first processing region, a second processing region, and a third processing region arranged parallel to the center line of the web, wherein the material rigidity of the first processing region, the second processing region, and the third processing region satisfies: first processing region < second processing region < third processing region; S3: Performing a traverse cutting operation on the first processing region, setting the angle between the bottom plane of the tool and the laminate processing surface to 15°; S4: Performing a traverse cutting operation on the second processing region, setting the angle between the bottom plane of the tool and the laminate processing surface to 15°; S5: Performing a traverse cutting operation on the third processing region, setting the angle between the bottom plane of the tool and the laminate processing surface to 15°.

[0018] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the first processing area and the second processing area are respectively located on both sides of the third processing area. The distance between the first processing area and the center line of the web is close to or coincides with the half-width dividing line of the corresponding side flange of the flange strip. The distance between the second processing area and the center line of the web is close to or coincides with the half-width dividing line of the corresponding side flange of the flange strip.

[0019] In summary, due to the adoption of the above technical solutions, the beneficial effects of the cantilever weakly rigid part shape stacking processing method of the present invention are:

[0020] 1. The rigidity difference between each processing area is small, which can ensure that the processing process of the tool in each processing area is relatively stable, the processing quality and processing efficiency are high, and thus the overall processing quality of the laminated processing surface is improved.

[0021] 2. Due to the improved machining stability, the impact of machining vibration on tool life and machine tool accuracy can be avoided accordingly;

[0022] The beneficial effects of the application of the cantilever weak rigidity part shape stacking processing method of the present invention are as follows: by using the above processing method to process the edge shape of metal skeleton parts, the processing process is more stable, the processing quality and processing efficiency are higher, thereby improving the overall processing quality of the stacked processing surface. At the same time, due to the improvement of processing stability, the impact of processing vibration on tool life and machine tool accuracy can be avoided. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the metal skeleton part in Example 2;

[0024] Figure 2 This is a deformation cloud diagram of the flange of the metal skeleton part in Example 2;

[0025] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram showing the division of the processing area in Example 2;

[0026] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the line cutting process under the AA section;

[0027] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the tool state during the first machining area of ​​the line cutting process in Example 2;

[0028] Figure 6 yes Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the tool status in the middle BB section;

[0029] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the tool state during the second machining area of ​​the line cutting process in Example 2;

[0030] Figure 8 yes Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the tool status in the MM section;

[0031] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the tool state during the third machining area of ​​the line cutting process in Example 2;

[0032] Figure 10 yes Figure 9 A schematic diagram of the tool status in the NN section;

[0033] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram showing the size relationship between the driving surface and the boundary of the stacked processing surface in Example 2;

[0034] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the tool path in Example 2.

[0035] icon:

[0036] 1-Web plate, 2-Flange, 3-Layer, 4-First machining area, 5-Second machining area, 6-Third machining area, 7-Tool, 8-Drive surface, 9-Layer machining surface. Detailed Implementation

[0037] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0038] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the invention.

[0039] Example 1

[0040] A method for laminating the shape of a cantilevered, weakly rigid part, such as Figure 1As shown, cantilever weakly rigid parts generally have a cantilever structure, which is composed of a web 1 and a flange 2 at its end. The lamination processing method of the cantilever weakly rigid part in this embodiment mainly targets the lamination 3 on the outer surface of the flange 2 away from the web 1. The processing method includes the steps of dividing the lamination processing surface into sections and the steps of performing line cutting processing on the lamination processing surface. The sectioning includes dividing the processing surface into several processing areas according to the rigidity. All processing areas are parallel and penetrate the processing surface. The line cutting processing determines the processing sequence of each processing area according to the increasing rigidity.

[0041] like Figures 1-12 As shown in the embodiment, a method for processing the lamination of a cantilevered, weakly rigid part involves dividing the lamination processing surface 9 into zones based on rigidity, and then processing each processing zone separately using line cutting. Each processing zone can be processed independently and completely, and the rigidity difference within each processing zone is small, ensuring that the processing process of the tool 7 in each processing zone is relatively stable. The processing quality and efficiency of each processing zone are effectively improved. By simply maintaining each processing zone under suitable parameter conditions for line cutting, the tool connection in each processing zone can be made flat, thereby improving the overall processing quality and efficiency of the lamination processing surface. At the same time, due to the improved processing stability, the impact of processing vibration on the tool 7 life and machine tool accuracy can be avoided, thus preventing quality problems.

[0042] Preferably, when programming the line cutting process, the angle α between the bottom plane of the tool 7 and the stacked processing surface is set to 10°-15°, and the tool swing angle is the same in each processing area. This enables fixed swing angle line cutting, so that only the bottom corner R of the tool contacts the stacked processing surface, resulting in low processing resistance, a large distance between the cutting point and the tool rotation center, high processing linear speed, and effective avoidance of uneven tool connection caused by machine tool swing angle error, ensuring the consistency of processing quality in each processing area.

[0043] Preferably, when programming the row cutting process, such as... Figure 11 As shown, the driving surface 8 of the tool 7 extends at least beyond the boundary of the stacked machining surface 9, and the tool path of the tool 7 in each machining area is a reciprocating movement pattern. The tool 7 moves from the outside to the inside of each machining area, always remaining on the side of the machined surface of the stack 3. The rigidity of the outside is weaker than that of the inside. This avoids the problem of increased cutting resistance due to friction between the bottom surface of the tool 7 and the machined surface 9 of the stack during machining, and avoids vibration and tool breakage caused by excessive cutting force in the first cut of the traverse machining.

[0044] Preferably, the feed rate of the tool 7 in the row cutting process is positively correlated with the material rigidity of the different processing areas. That is, the feed rate of the tool 7 is positively correlated with the material rigidity of the corresponding processing area. The feed rate of the tool 7 in the processing area with higher rigidity can be appropriately increased to match the feed rate of the tool 7 with the material rigidity of the corresponding processing area. This plays an important role in avoiding tool bounce during processing and improving processing efficiency.

[0045] Example 2

[0046] Application of a method for laminating the shape of cantilevered, weakly rigid parts, such as Figures 1-12 As shown, the main material of the metal skeleton part is 7050-T7451 aluminum alloy, including perpendicularly intersecting flanges 2 and webs 1. The outer surface of the flanges 2 is provided with a stack 3. This metal skeleton part is a cantilever weak rigid part and has a shape stack 3. Therefore, the outer surface of the stack 3 can be processed by the shape stack processing method of the cantilever weak rigid part in Embodiment 1.

[0047] Specifically, in this embodiment, the thickness of the flange 2 is 3mm, the widths of the two cantilevered flanges of the flange 2 relative to the web 1 are 100mm and 65mm respectively, the material of the laminate 3 is fiberglass, the thickness of the laminate 3 before processing is 2mm, and the thickness of the laminate 3 after processing is designed to be 1mm. According to the processing conditions, a D20_30R5 diamond-coated cylindrical end mill is used, and the number of teeth of the tool 7 is 4.

[0048] Preferably, the procedure specifically includes the following steps S1-S5 performed sequentially:

[0049] S1: Using finite element simulation software, a uniformly distributed compressive load is applied to the outer surface of flange 2 of the part, and the deformation cloud diagram of flange 2 is obtained. The deformation cloud diagram of flange 2 is as follows. Figure 2 As shown.

[0050] S2: Divide the stack 3 into zones based on the deformation cloud map, such as... Figure 3 As shown, the laminate 3 is divided into a first processing area 4, a second processing area 5, and a third processing area 6, which are arranged parallel to the center line of the web 1. The material rigidity of the first processing area 4, the second processing area 5, and the third processing area 6 satisfies the following condition: first processing area 4 < second processing area 5 < third processing area 6.

[0051] like Figure 3 As shown, in this embodiment, the third processing area 6 covers the boundary line between the web 1 and the flange 2. The first processing area 4 and the second processing area 5 are respectively located on both sides of the third processing area 6. The distance between the first processing area 4 and the center line of the web 1 is close to or coincides with the half-width dividing line of the corresponding side flange of the flange 2. The distance between the second processing area 5 and the center line of the web 1 is close to or coincides with the half-width dividing line of the corresponding side flange of the flange 2.

[0052] Specifically, the width of the first processing area 4 is 50mm, which coincides with the half-width dividing line of the corresponding side flange, and the width of the second processing area 5 is 30mm, which is close to the half-width dividing line of the corresponding side flange.

[0053] S3: As Figures 5-6 As shown, in the first processing area 4 of the fixed-angle linear cutting process, the angle α between the bottom plane of the tool 7 and the stacked processing surface 9 is set to 15°. During the processing, only the bottom corner R of the tool 7 contacts the stacked processing surface 9, resulting in low processing resistance, a large distance between the cutting point and the rotation center of the tool 7, and high processing linear speed. The direction of the linear cutting process is from the outside to the inside, that is, from the outer side with weaker rigidity to the inner side with stronger rigidity. The tool 7 is always located on the side of the already processed surface of the part, which avoids the problem of increased cutting resistance due to friction between the bottom corner of the tool 7 and the surface of the part to be processed during the processing.

[0054] Preferably, when programming the toolpath for line cutting, such as Figure 12 As shown, the direction of the tool path is set from the outside to the inside, that is, from the weaker outer side to the stronger inner side. The path mode is "back and forth" mode, and the path step distance is 0.4mm.

[0055] S4: As Figures 7-8 As shown, the second processing area 5 is processed by fixed-angle cutting. Since the rigidity of the first processing area 4 and the second processing area 5 is close in this embodiment, the tool 7 is set to use the same processing parameters as S3.

[0056] S5: As Figures 9-10 As shown, the third processing area 6 is processed by fixed-angle cutting. Since the third processing area 6 is more rigid than the first processing area 4 and the second processing area 5 in this embodiment, the processing process is more stable. In order to improve the processing efficiency, the feed speed of the tool 7 can be appropriately increased.

[0057] Preferably, in this embodiment, the first processing area 4, the second processing area 5, and the third processing area 6 use the same processing angle, which can avoid uneven tool connection caused by machine tool angle accuracy errors. Meanwhile, if... Figure 11 As shown, when programming the driving surface 8 of the line cutting program, setting the driving surface 8 to be wider than the boundary of the stacked machining surface 9 can avoid excessive cutting amount in the first cut of the line cutting program, which could cause vibration and tool bounce.

[0058] This embodiment describes an application of a method for processing the lamination of cantilevered weakly rigid parts. By using the above-mentioned processing method to process the edge profile of metal skeleton parts, the processing process is relatively stable, with high processing quality and efficiency, thereby improving the overall processing quality of the lamination processing surface 9. At the same time, due to the improved processing stability, the impact of processing vibration on the tool life 7 and machine tool accuracy can be avoided.

[0059] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An application of a method for processing the lamination of the shape of a cantilevered, weakly rigid part, characterized in that, This method is applied to the machining of the flange shape of metal skeleton parts, which include perpendicularly intersecting flanges and webs. The outer surface of the flanges is provided with a stacked layer. A stacked layer machining method for cantilever weak rigid parts is used to machine the stacked outer surface. One method for processing the shape of a cantilevered weakly rigid part in a stacked manner includes the steps of partitioning the stacked processing surface and performing line cutting processing on the stacked processing surface. The partitioning includes dividing the processing surface into several processing areas according to the rigidity. All the processing areas are parallel and penetrate the processing surface. The line cutting processing determines the processing order of each processing area according to the increasing rigidity order. Specifically, the steps include the following: S1: Using finite element simulation software, a uniformly distributed compressive load is applied to the outer surface of the flange of the part to obtain the flange deformation cloud map; S2: The laminate is divided into three processing regions: a first processing region, a second processing region, and a third processing region, which are set parallel to the web centerline. The material rigidity of the first processing region, the second processing region, and the third processing region satisfies the following condition: first processing region < second processing region < third processing region. S3: First machining area for line cutting, set the angle between the bottom plane of the tool and the stacked machining surface to 15°; S4: Second machining area for line cutting, set the angle between the bottom plane of the tool and the stacked machining surface to 15°; S5: The third machining area for line cutting, set the angle between the bottom plane of the tool and the stacked machining surface to 15°; The first processing area and the second processing area are located on both sides of the third processing area. The distance between the first processing area and the center line of the web is close to or coincides with the half-width dividing line of the corresponding side flange of the flange. The distance between the second processing area and the center line of the web is close to or coincides with the half-width dividing line of the corresponding side flange of the flange.

2. The application of the lamination processing method for the shape of a cantilevered weakly rigid part as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The angle α between the bottom plane of the cutting tool and the stacked machining surface is 10°-15°.

3. The application of the lamination processing method for the shape of a cantilevered weakly rigid part as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The cutting tool is set to have the same swing angle in each processing area for the row cutting process.

4. The application of the lamination processing method for the shape of a cantilevered weakly rigid part as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The cutting process is configured such that the tool travels in each processing area in a reciprocating pattern, and the tool moves from the outside to the inside of each processing area, with the outer side being less rigid than the inner side.

5. The application of the lamination processing method for the shape of a cantilevered weakly rigid part as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The cutting tool is positioned on one side of the already machined surface of the stack during the row cutting process.

6. The application of the lamination processing method for the shape of a cantilevered weakly rigid part as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The cutting tool drive surface is set to extend at least beyond the boundary of the stacked machining surface in the row cutting process.

7. The application of the lamination processing method for the shape of a cantilevered weakly rigid part as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The tool feed rate relationship in the row cutting process for different processing zones is positively correlated with the material rigidity relationship in different processing zones.

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