An institution for surveying the hardness of deep pit soil layers

Abstract

The present invention discloses a deep pit soil layer hardness survey mechanism, which includes a housing. At the bottom of the housing, there are two groups of symmetrically distributed mounting plates. A pressure cone is arranged on the side of the mounting plate away from the housing. An activity cavity is arranged inside the housing. An activity plate is horizontally slidably arranged in the activity cavity. A limit bolt is arranged between the activity plate and the mounting plate. One end of the limit bolt passes through the mounting plate and is threadedly connected to the activity plate. A first spring is arranged on the outer side of the limit bolt. The two ends of the first spring respectively abut against the sides of the mounting plate and the activity plate. The present invention drives the driving gear to rotate by using a transmission rod, so that the screw rod drives the activity plate and the mounting plate to move synchronously. When the pressure cone moves horizontally and touches the soil layer on the side wall of the deep pit, after the first spring is compressed by a predetermined length, it is only necessary to measure the depth of the pressure cone coated with the marking powder inserted into the soil layer and compare it with the data of the standard soil layer hardness to obtain the survey result.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention discloses a deep - pit soil layer hardness survey mechanism, belonging to the technical field of survey equipment. Background Art

[0002] During the construction process, in order to ensure the stability of the engineering building, various data analyses of the soil layer are required, such as the load - bearing capacity of the soil layer. In the operation of the foundation deep pit, before digging the foundation, it is necessary to measure the hardness of the soil layer to avoid the side deformation of the soil layer during the deep - pit excavation operation due to the soil layer hardness not meeting the construction standards. This will not guarantee the subsequent construction quality, and the previous construction work will be almost in vain, consuming time and effort. Therefore, it is necessary to survey the hardness of the soil layer in advance. However, the research and development of relevant equipment for surveying the hardness of the deep - pit soil layer have not been popularized, and there is a large difference between the measured hardness of the excavated soil and the hardness of the soil layer during actual construction, so the reference value is not great. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problems in the prior art and provide a deep - pit soil layer hardness survey mechanism.

[0004] The present invention realizes the above - mentioned purpose through the following technical solutions. A deep - pit soil layer hardness survey mechanism includes a housing. Two symmetrically distributed mounting plates are arranged at the bottom of the housing. A pressure cone is arranged on the side of the mounting plate away from the housing. An activity cavity is arranged inside the housing. An activity plate is horizontally slidably arranged in the activity cavity. A limit bolt is arranged between the activity plate and the mounting plate. One end of the limit bolt passes through the mounting plate and is threadedly connected to the activity plate. A first spring is arranged on the outer side of the limit bolt. Two ends of the first spring respectively abut against the sides of the mounting plate and the activity plate. A power member is arranged between the two activity plates in the housing. A limiting member for positioning the compression length of the first spring is arranged on the side of the activity plate close to the mounting plate. A support plate is arranged on the outer side of the housing, and there is an installation cavity in the housing. A fixing plate is vertically slidably arranged in the installation cavity. The support plate and the fixing plate are connected by bolts. An adjusting device for pre - fixing the relative positions of the support plate and the fixing plate is arranged on the housing.

[0005] Preferably, the power member includes a driving bevel gear, a transmission rod, a driven bevel gear, and a screw rod. The screw rod is horizontally rotatably installed on the housing. The driven bevel gear is fixed at the end of the screw rod. The transmission rod is vertically rotatably installed on the housing. The driving bevel gear is fixed at one end of the transmission rod, and the driving bevel gear meshes and drives with the two driven bevel gears.

[0006] Preferably, a first cover plate and a second cover plate are respectively arranged at the upper and lower ends of the housing. A first adjusting bolt is arranged at one end of the transmission rod close to the first cover plate. The first adjusting bolt is in threaded connection with the first cover plate, and a first limiting part inserted into the transmission rod is arranged on the first adjusting bolt.

[0007] Preferably, the limiting member is a cylindrical structure integrally formed with the movable plate. A pressure sensor is arranged on one side of the limiting member close to the mounting plate. A power supply and an indicator light are respectively arranged on the housing and the first cover plate. The power supply is in telecommunication connection with the indicator light and the pressure sensor.

[0008] Preferably, the adjusting device includes a pressure member and a reset member located on both sides of the fixing plate. The pressure member includes a first rotating shaft, a second rotating shaft, a second adjusting bolt, a driving gear, a driven gear and a cam. The second adjusting bolt is in threaded connection with the housing, and a second limiting part is arranged on the second adjusting bolt. One end of the first rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the housing, and the other end is inserted into the second limiting part. Both ends of the second rotating shaft are rotatably connected to the housing. Two cams are arranged and are respectively fixedly installed on the first rotating shaft and the second rotating shaft. The driving gear and the driven gear are fixedly installed on the first rotating shaft and the second rotating shaft.

[0009] Preferably, the reset member includes two second springs located on one side of the fixing plate away from the pressure member. Convex columns for positioning the second springs are arranged on the fixing plate and the housing.

[0010] Preferably, convex ears connected to the fixing plate are arranged on the support plate. A sliding groove for the convex ears to slide is arranged on the housing. An extension part for blocking the sliding groove is arranged on the convex ears.

[0011] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0012] 1. By arranging a pressure cone, a movable plate, a mounting plate, a first spring and a power member, when testing the hardness of the soil layer in a deep pit, by rotating the transmission rod, the driving bevel gear drives the driven bevel gear and the screw rod to rotate, so that the movable plate and the mounting plate move synchronously, and the pressure cone slowly inserts into the soil layer. The hardness of the soil layer can be obtained according to the elastic force of the first spring and the insertion depth of the pressure cone.

[0013] 2. By arranging a pressure member and a reset member, when rotating the second adjusting bolt, the first rotating shaft and the second rotating shaft rotate simultaneously, and the two cams and the second spring apply pressure to the fixing plate, so that the support plate slides along the sliding groove, thereby changing the relative position between the support plate and the housing to adapt to the hardness survey work of deep pit soil layers with different depths. Description of the Drawings

[0014] Figure 1Schematic diagram of the structure of a deep pit soil layer hardness survey mechanism of the present invention;

[0015] Figure 2 Cross-sectional view of a deep pit soil layer hardness survey mechanism of the present invention;

[0016] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the installation structure of the power component in the present invention;

[0017] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the structures of the pressure component and the reset component in the present invention;

[0018] Reference numerals: 1, housing; 2, indicator light; 3, first adjusting bolt; 4, first cover plate; 5, support plate; 6, mounting plate; 7, pressure cone; 8, second cover plate; 9, first limiting portion; 10, fixing plate; 11, mounting cavity; 12, convex column; 13, transmission rod; 14, movable plate; 15, power component; 16, movable cavity; 17, reset component; 18, pressure component; 19, limiting component; 20, driving bevel gear; 21, driven bevel gear; 22, pressure sensor; 23, first spring; 24, screw rod; 25, lug; 26, second spring; 27, cam; 28, second adjusting bolt; 29, extension portion; 30, second limiting portion; 31, first rotating shaft; 32, driving gear; 33, second rotating shaft; 34, driven gear; 35, limiting bolt. Detailed implementation manners

[0019] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0020] Such as Figures 1 - 4As shown in the figure, a deep pit soil layer hardness survey mechanism includes a housing 1. At the bottom of the housing 1, there are two symmetrically distributed mounting plates 6. On the side of the mounting plate 6 away from the housing 1, there is a pressure cone 7. Inside the housing 1, there is a movable cavity 16. A movable plate 14 is horizontally slidably arranged in the movable cavity 16. A limit bolt 35 is arranged between the movable plate 14 and the mounting plate 6. One end of the limit bolt 35 passes through the mounting plate 6 and is threadedly connected to the movable plate 14. A first spring 23 is arranged outside the limit bolt 35. The two ends of the first spring 23 respectively abut against the sides of the mounting plate 6 and the movable plate 14. A power member 15 is arranged between the two movable plates 14 of the housing 1. A limiting member 19 for positioning the compression length of the first spring 23 is arranged on the side of the movable plate 14 close to the mounting plate 6. A support plate 5 is arranged outside the housing 1. And there is a mounting cavity 11 inside the housing 1. A fixing plate 10 is vertically slidably arranged in the mounting cavity 11. The support plate 5 and the fixing plate 10 are connected by bolts. An adjusting device for pre-fixing the relative positions of the support plate 5 and the fixing plate 10 is arranged on the housing 1.

[0021] The power member 15 includes a driving bevel gear 20, a transmission rod 13, a driven bevel gear 21 and a screw rod 24. The screw rod 24 is horizontally rotatably installed on the housing 1. The driven bevel gear 21 is fixed at the end of the screw rod 24. The transmission rod 13 is vertically rotatably installed on the housing 1. The driving bevel gear 20 is fixed at one end of the transmission rod 13. And the driving bevel gear 20 meshes and drives with the two driven bevel gears 21. When the transmission rod 13 rotates, it can drive the driving bevel gear 20 to rotate, so that the driven bevel gears 21 rotate synchronously. And the screw rod 24 can drive the movable plate 14 to horizontally slide in the movable cavity 16. When the pressure cone 7 does not touch the soil layer on the side wall of the deep pit, it and the mounting plate 6 move synchronously with the movable plate 14. And when the pressure cone 7 touches the soil layer, the pressure cone 7 can slowly insert into the soil layer. At the same time, the pressure cone 7 receives a reaction force and makes the first spring 23 start to compress. When the first spring 23 cannot be compressed, only need to measure the depth of the pressure cone 7 inserted into the soil layer and compare it with the insertion depth of the pressure cone 7 under the standard construction hardness, then it can be known whether the hardness of the soil layer at a certain specified height of the deep pit meets the construction requirements. The operation is simple and convenient.

[0022] A first cover plate 4 and a second cover plate 8 are respectively arranged at the upper and lower ends of the housing 1. A first adjusting bolt 3 is arranged at one end of the transmission rod 13 close to the first cover plate 4. The first adjusting bolt 3 is threadedly connected to the first cover plate 4. And a first limiting portion 9 inserted into the transmission rod 13 is arranged on the first adjusting bolt 3. The first cover plate 4 and the second cover plate 8 can shield the pressure member 18 and the power member 15 to prevent the soil in the deep pit from affecting their work. When the first adjusting bolt 3 is rotated, the transmission rod 13 starts to rotate under the drive of the first limiting portion 9. The first adjusting bolt 3 is threadedly connected to the first cover plate 4, so that the meshing state of the driving bevel gear 20 and the driven bevel gear 21 can be fixed at any time, thus facilitating the operation of the operator.

[0023] The limiting member 19 is a cylindrical structure integrally formed with the movable plate 14. A pressure sensor 22 is provided on one side of the limiting member 19 close to the mounting plate 6. A power supply and an indicator light 2 are respectively provided on the housing 1 and the first cover plate 4. The power supply is electrically connected to the indicator light 2 and the pressure sensor 22. The pressure sensor 22 and the indicator light 2 on the two mounting plates 6 are connected in parallel. When one of the mounting plates 6 touches the pressure sensor 22 on the same side, the indicator light 2 lights up to inform the operator that the pre-compression length of the first spring 23 has reached the position and the hardness measurement is completed.

[0024] The adjusting device includes a pressure member 18 and a reset member 17 located on both sides of the fixed plate 10. The pressure member 18 includes a first rotating shaft 31, a second rotating shaft 33, a second adjusting bolt 28, a driving gear 32, a driven gear 34 and a cam 27. The second adjusting bolt 28 is threadedly connected to the housing 1, and a second limiting portion 30 is provided on the second adjusting bolt 28. One end of the first rotating shaft 31 is rotatably connected to the housing 1, and the other end is inserted into the second limiting portion 30. Both ends of the second rotating shaft 33 are rotatably connected to the housing 1. Two cams 27 are provided and are respectively fixedly installed on the first rotating shaft 31 and the second rotating shaft 33. The driving gear 32 and the driven gear 34 are fixedly installed on the first rotating shaft 31 and the second rotating shaft 33. When the second adjusting bolt 28 is rotated, the first rotating shaft 31 rotates driven by the second limiting portion 30, and the second rotating shaft 33 rotates driven by the meshing of the driving gear 32 and the driven gear 34. When the first rotating shaft 31 and the second rotating shaft 33 rotate, their rotation directions are opposite, so that the two cams 27 simultaneously apply the same acting force to the fixed plate 10 to make the distances that the two ends of the fixed plate 10 descend equal.

[0025] The reset member 17 includes two second springs 26 located on the side of the fixed plate 10 away from the pressure member 18. Convex columns 12 for positioning the second springs 26 are provided on the fixed plate 10 and the housing 1. The second springs 26 apply an upward acting force to the fixed plate 10, so that one side of the fixed plate 10 always abuts against the edge of the cam 27, and the convex columns 12 can play a role in positioning the second springs 26 to prevent them from shifting under force. A lug 25 connected to the fixed plate 10 is provided on the support plate 5, and a sliding groove for the lug 25 to slide is provided on the housing 1. An extension portion 29 for blocking the sliding groove is provided on the lug 25. When the lug 25 slides in the sliding groove, the extension portion 29 is located outside the housing 1, and it can block the part of the sliding groove below the lug 25 to prevent sundries from entering the inner side of the housing 1.

[0026] Working principle: During the survey, first use a small rammed earth device to dig a deep pit slightly larger than the size of the housing 1 (for example, 5 - 10 cm larger) in the soil layer at the construction location. Subsequently, by rotating the second adjusting bolt 28, the distance between the support plate 5 and the pressure cone 7 is adjusted so that the pressure cone 7 can face the soil layer at a certain height of the deep pit to be measured. Then, apply a marking powder, such as white lime powder, on the pressure cone 7. Next, insert the housing 1 into the deep pit, and then rotate the first adjusting bolt 3. The driving rod 13 and the driving bevel gear 20 drive the driven bevel gear 21 and the screw rod 24 to rotate, causing the pressure cone 7 and the movable plate 14 to move horizontally synchronously until the indicator light 2 lights up. Then, rotate the first adjusting bolt 3 in the reverse direction and take out the housing 1 from the deep pit. At this time, measure the residual length L1 of the marking powder on the pressure cone 7, and take the average value of the measurement data of the two pressure cones 7. Using the same method as above, measure the residual length L2 of the marking powder on the pressure cone 7 in the standard soil layer hardness. If L1 is greater than or equal to L2, it indicates that the insertion depth of the pressure cone 7 is relatively shallow, and the hardness of the soil layer to be constructed is greater than the standard soil layer hardness, meeting the construction requirements. If L1 is less than L2, it means that the insertion depth of the pressure cone 7 is relatively deep, and the hardness of the soil layer to be constructed is less than the standard soil layer hardness, not meeting the construction requirements. The overall operation is simple, and the hardness survey is fast and efficient. At the same time, after one end of the limit bolt 35 passes through the movable plate 14, the pre-compression length of the first spring 23 can be adjusted, thereby changing the acting force of the first spring 23 on the pressure cone 7 and making the hardness measurement range larger.

[0027] For those skilled in the art, it is obvious that the present invention is not limited to the details of the above-described exemplary embodiments, and without departing from the spirit or basic characteristics of the present invention, the present invention can be implemented in other specific forms. Therefore, from any point of view, the embodiments should be regarded as exemplary and non-restrictive. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the above description. Therefore, all changes falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims are intended to be included in the present invention. Any reference signs in the claims should not be regarded as limiting the claims involved.

[0028] In addition, it should be understood that although this specification is described according to embodiments, not every embodiment only contains an independent technical solution. This narrative way of the specification is only for clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A deep pit soil layer hardness surveying mechanism, comprising a housing (1), characterized in that, Two sets of symmetrically distributed mounting plates (6) are provided at the bottom of the housing (1). A pressure cone (7) is provided on the side of the mounting plate (6) away from the housing (1). An activity cavity (16) is provided inside the housing (1). An activity plate (14) is horizontally slidably arranged in the activity cavity (16). A limit bolt (35) is provided between the activity plate (14) and the mounting plate (6). One end of the limit bolt (35) passes through the mounting plate (6) and is threadedly connected to the activity plate (14). A first spring (23) is arranged outside the limit bolt (35). The two ends of the first spring (23) respectively abut against the sides of the mounting plate (6) and the activity plate (14). A power member (15) is provided between the two activity plates (14) of the housing (1). A limiting member (19) for positioning the compression length of the first spring (23) is provided on the side of the activity plate (14) close to the mounting plate (6). A support plate (5) is provided outside the housing (1), and there is a mounting cavity (11) inside the housing (1). A fixing plate (10) is vertically slidably arranged in the mounting cavity (11). The support plate (5) and the fixing plate (10) are bolted together. An adjusting device for pre-fixing the relative positions of the support plate (5) and the fixing plate (10) is provided on the housing (1). The power member (15) includes a driving bevel gear (20), a transmission rod (13), a driven bevel gear (21), and a screw rod (24). The screw rod (24) is horizontally rotatably mounted on the housing (1). The driven bevel gear (21) is fixed to the end of the screw rod (24). The transmission rod (13) is vertically rotatably mounted on the housing (1). The driving bevel gear (20) is fixed to one end of the transmission rod (13), and the driving bevel gear (20) is in meshing transmission with the two driven bevel gears (21). The adjusting device includes pressure members (18) and a reset member (17) located on both sides of the fixing plate (10). The pressure member (18) includes a first rotating shaft (31), a second rotating shaft (33), a second adjusting bolt (28), a driving gear (32), a driven gear (34), and a cam (27). The second adjusting bolt (28) is threadedly connected to the housing (1), and a second limiting portion (30) is provided on the second adjusting bolt (28). One end of the first rotating shaft (31) is rotatably connected to the housing (1), and the other end is inserted into the second limiting portion (30). The two ends of the second rotating shaft (33) are rotatably connected to the housing (1). Two cams (27) are provided and are respectively fixedly mounted on the first rotating shaft (31) and the second rotating shaft (33). The driving gear (32) and the driven gear (34) are fixedly mounted on the first rotating shaft (31) and the second rotating shaft (33).

2. The hardness survey mechanism for deep pit soil layer according to claim 1, characterized in that, A first cover plate (4) and a second cover plate (8) are respectively arranged at the upper and lower ends of the housing (1). One end of the transmission rod (13) close to the first cover plate (4) is provided with a first adjusting bolt (3). The first adjusting bolt (3) is in threaded connection with the first cover plate (4), and a first limiting part (9) inserted into the transmission rod (13) is arranged on the first adjusting bolt (3).

3. The soil hardness survey mechanism for deep pits according to claim 2, characterized in that, The limiting member (19) is a cylindrical structure integrally formed with the movable plate (14). A pressure sensor (22) is arranged on one side of the limiting member (19) close to the mounting plate (6). A power supply and an indicator light (2) are respectively arranged on the housing (1) and the first cover plate (4). The power supply is in telecommunication connection with the indicator light (2) and the pressure sensor (22).

4. A deep pit soil layer hardness survey mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, The reset member (17) includes two second springs (26) located on the side of the fixing plate (10) away from the pressure member (18). Convex columns (12) for positioning the second springs (26) are arranged on the fixing plate (10) and the housing (1).

5. The soil hardness survey mechanism for deep pits according to claim 1, characterized in that, Lugs (25) connected to the fixing plate (10) are arranged on the support plate (5). A sliding groove for the lugs (25) to slide is arranged on the housing (1). An extension part (29) for blocking the sliding groove is arranged on the lugs (25).

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