A method for deploying high-frequency public network base stations

Abstract

A high-frequency public network base station deployment method for deploying the near-ground public network coverage of the trunk line in an unobstructed plain area under the LOS propagation mode, including: (1) determining that the scenario type is an unobstructed trunk line area scenario and determining the wireless air interface transmission frequency f; (2) selecting an initial reference base station; (3) determining the boundary point between physical attenuation and geometric attenuation in air interface transmission; (4) determining the gain Gt of the base station transceiver antenna, the gain Gr of the terminal receiving antenna, and the transmitting power Pt of the base station antenna; (5) determining the signal power requirement RSRP for user edge coverage; (6) calculating the path loss L according to the near-ground radio signal path loss model; (7) determining the maximum allowable path loss LMAPL in the system; (8) determining the maximum radius that the base station can meet the edge coverage requirement, that is, the maximum value of the distance d between the user and the base station; (9) determining the distance between the user and the base station.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of terrestrial mobile communication, and particularly relates to a method for deploying high-frequency public network base stations, which is used for deploying the near-ground public network coverage of a trunk line in an unobstructed plain area under the LOS propagation mode. Background Art

[0002] As an important basic industry and emerging industry, "New Infrastructure" drives huge investments and demands. As an important part of New Infrastructure, the construction of 5G networks will indirectly drive the total economic output of dozens of trillions of yuan by cultivating prosperous new technology industries such as the Internet economy, artificial intelligence, and digital economy, laying a solid foundation for seizing the high point of the global new generation of information technology. With the rapid popularization of 5G network construction, in the next few years, the total amount of global terrestrial mobile broadband data traffic is expected to grow at an annual compound growth rate of 45%. At this rate, the data volume in 2022 will be 10 times that in 2016. Therefore, there is a greater demand for wireless spectrum resources - especially in the higher frequency band range. The communication frequency points of China's mobile communication system have developed from 700 MHz, 1.8 GHz, 2 GHz, 2.6 GHz to 3.5 GHz, 4.9 GHz. The future trend of global mobile communication is to gradually allocate the C band for terrestrial mobile communication.

[0003] Mobile public network base stations usually adopt cluster-type dense base stations to achieve cellular coverage. Cellular coverage technology has its advantages, such as reducing the requirements for visual communication between users and base stations and enabling short-distance NLOS (Non-Line of Sight) communication. Under the traditional NLOS communication model, the deployment of the ground base station network is related to the scenario, and most of its propagation path losses are based on Rayleigh noise and an additional correction coefficient related to the actual measurement of the scenario is added. Such as the Lee model, Okumura-Hata model, COST231-Hata model, Walfisch-Ikegami model, etc. As the communication frequency band increases, the coverage radius of the base station becomes smaller. Sometimes, the coverage of a single 5G base station is less than 300 meters. The fundamental reason is that for frequencies such as 3.5 GHz, 4.9 GHz or even higher, the wavelength is short, the diffraction ability in the propagation path is weak, and it is extremely vulnerable to the influence of obstacle occlusion, and its propagation path loss cannot be calculated using the above models.

[0004] For the field of near - earth use of high - frequency radio, the free - space propagation mode of LOS (Line of Sight) is usually adopted at present, such as microwave relay technology. Microwave relay technology can well replace optical fiber to complete the deployment of the ground base - station network in the scenario where optical fiber cannot be deployed. The link of this communication mode can be calculated according to the free - space propagation model. The communication distance between two stations is usually limited by the terrain and the antenna height. Usually, high - gain antennas are installed on a hundred - meter high tower or on the top of a mountain to achieve point - to - point microwave transmission. The construction and deployment of the base - station have high requirements for tower height and terrain. It is necessary to ensure that the communication mode between the transceiver relay stations is LOS (Line of Sight), and the whole radio propagation line meets the free - space propagation.

[0005] For mobile communication users using high - frequency - band radio, their height is limited. Even if the user maintains the LOS communication mode, the earth's ground quickly destroys the free - space propagation of the radio signal between the base - station and the user. Obviously, it is not feasible to calculate the coverage range of the base - station according to the free - space propagation model in microwave relay technology. Cellular coverage usually has difficulty in ensuring LOS, and there are NLOS scenarios. The commonly used method for base - station deployment is to conduct a large number of repeated signal - coverage tests after the ground base - station is deployed, and continuously optimize to achieve the signal quality required by users. And this method of laying out base - stations requires a large amount of manpower, spends a lot of time on repeated calculations, and the obtained data is often not accurate enough. The workload of signal - coverage test optimization is large, the construction and operation cost is high, and the cost - performance is low.

[0006] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a method that can quickly calculate the effective coverage distance of the base - station, which can quickly obtain the coverage radius of the base - station, so as to determine the distance between adjacent base - stations and reduce the test workload. Summary of the Invention

[0007] To solve the above - mentioned technical problems and reduce the workload of high - frequency public - network base - station deployment, the present invention provides a method for deploying high - frequency public - network base - stations, which is used for deploying the near - earth public - network coverage of the trunk line in an unobstructed plain area under the LOS propagation mode, and specifically includes the following steps:

[0008] (1) Determine that the scenario type is an unobstructed trunk - line area scenario, and determine the wireless air - interface transmission frequency f;

[0009] (2) Select an initial reference base - station, determine the position of the reference base - station and the antenna heights of the signal - transmitting and - receiving devices. The antenna heights of the signal - transmitting and - receiving devices include the base - station antenna hanging height h s and the user antenna hanging height h u . Since the maximum straight - line distance between the user and the base - station under the LOS propagation mode is a small quantity relative to the radius of the earth, the arc length can be approximately used to represent the straight - line distance. Therefore, the maximum straight - line distance dmax between the user and the base - station under the LOS propagation mode satisfies the following formula.

[0010]

[0011] Among them, R e is the average radius of the earth, taking 6371 km; h s is the height of the base station antenna, with the unit of m; h u is the height of the user antenna, with the unit of m;

[0012] (3) Determine the demarcation point between physical attenuation and geometric attenuation in air interface transmission, and calculate the maximum distance d of user free space transmission according to formulas (b) and (c) 0 , the demarcation point between physical attenuation and geometric attenuation in air interface transmission is at the distance from the signal emission starting point

[0013]

[0014]

[0015] Among them, λ is the radio wavelength, with the unit of m, c is the speed of light in vacuum, taking the value of 2.99792458×10 8 m / s;

[0016] (4) Determine the gain Gt of the base station transceiver antenna and the gain Gr of the terminal receiving antenna, both with the unit of dB, and determine the transmission power Pt of the base station antenna, with the unit of dBm;

[0017] (5) Determine the signal power requirement RSRP for user edge coverage, with the unit of dBm;

[0018] (6) Calculate the path loss L according to the near-earth radio signal path loss model formulas (d) and (e);

[0019] L = L F = 10×log 10 (4πd / λ) 2 d ≤ d 0 (d)

[0020]

[0021] Among them, L is the path loss, L F is the path loss in the free space attenuation model, L D is the path loss in the coupled propagation model, both with the unit of dB, d is the distance between the user and the base station, with the unit of m, is the demarcation distance between physical attenuation and geometric attenuation in air interface transmission, with the unit of m;

[0022] Furthermore, obtain the relationship between d and L D : ​

[0023] (7) Determine the maximum allowable path loss L in the system by formulas (f) and (g). MAPL , according to the requirement of the reference signal received power of the edge coverage signal RSRP, when Pr is equal to RSRP, the path loss reaches the maximum value:

[0024] L MAPL = Gt + Pt + Gr - Pr (g)

[0025] Pr = RSRP (h)

[0026] Where, Pr is the received power of the signal received by the detection terminal, in dBm; Gt is the gain of the base station transceiver antenna, in dB; Pt is the transmission power of the base station antenna, in dBm; Gr is the gain of the terminal receiving antenna, in dB.

[0027] (8) Determine the maximum radius that the base station can meet the edge coverage requirement, that is, the maximum value of the distance d between the user and the base station. When L D = L MAPL At this time,

[0028]

[0029] (9) Determine the distance between the user and the base station.

[0030] If d < dmax, then take the value of d as the distance between the user and the base station;

[0031] If d ≥ dmax, then take the value of dmax as the distance from the base station to the user.

[0032] Among them, the base station transceiver antenna described in step (4) is a high-gain directional antenna with a gain greater than 15 dB.

[0033] Among them, the maximum pointing azimuth angle of the base station transceiver antenna can be continuously adjusted, and the net difference in hanging height between the antenna and the user is not less than 15 meters to ensure the LOS propagation mode in the test.

[0034] Among them, the beam of the base station transceiver antenna is deployed approximately parallel to the ground.

[0035] Among them, the user system antenna can be a high-gain directional antenna or a wide-beam antenna, and the direction of the maximum gain of its beam is deployed approximately parallel to the ground.

[0036] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: The present invention first gives a long-distance transmission loss calculation model in the high-frequency radio near-earth LOS mode. According to the user's edge coverage requirements, the maximum coverage radius of the high-frequency base station can be accurately and efficiently determined, and it can be put into use without a large number of repeated coverage tests, greatly saving the workload and time for determining the base station deployment distance. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0037] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the antenna heights of the base station, user location, and signal transceiver equipment;

[0038] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the near-earth propagation of electromagnetic waves under LOS conditions.

[0039] Among them, point O is the center position of the earth, point A is the base station position, point D is the vertex of the base station antenna, point B is the position of the user antenna, point E is the vertex of the user antenna, and point C is the tangent point of the DE connection line and the earth under the LOS mode. h s is the hanging height of the base station antenna (unit: m), h u is the hanging height of the user antenna (unit: m), d is the distance between the user and the base station, and d 0 is the farthest distance of free space transmission; is the demarcation distance between physical attenuation and geometric attenuation in air interface transmission. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0040] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0041] The present invention defines the free space propagation of electromagnetic waves in the near-earth space as the propagation in the area where the first Fresnel circle of the electromagnetic wave is not blocked, and the diffraction propagation as the propagation in the area where the first Fresnel circle is severely blocked (such as the ground plane). Refer to Figure 1 , in the high-frequency public network trunk coverage area, point A is the base station location point, DA is perpendicular to the earth's surface, and the distance between AD is the hanging height h of the base station antenna s ; point B is the user antenna location point, EB is perpendicular to the earth's surface, and the distance between BE is the user antenna height h u . DE is tangent to the earth's surface at point C, is the arc length of the earth's surface between the base station location and the tangent point with the earth's surface, is the arc length of the earth's surface between the user antenna location and the tangent point with the earth's surface, and the sum of the two arc lengths is the farthest distance that can satisfy the LOS propagation mode.

[0042] When the coverage radius of the base station reaches a certain distance, the radius R of the first Fresnel circle required for free space propagation Fwill be much larger than the base station antenna height h s and the user antenna height h u .

[0043] As Figure 2 shown, for the long-distance receiving mode of the user antenna, although the LOS propagation mode is satisfied, the ground will cross the first Fresnel circle, and the wave transmission form is actually the near-ground Fresnel and Fraunhofer wave forms. The radius R of the Fresnel circle F can be taken as Min(h s , h u ). The fundamental reason is that in the case of long-distance coverage, the elevation angles of the transmitting and receiving antennas of the base station and the user are almost 0° (that is, both the base station antenna and the user antenna need to transmit and receive signals horizontally). When h s > h u , R F = h u .

[0044] When the first Fresnel circle is blocked for the first time at the clear user antenna height h u , diffraction occurs. Therefore, the point where the first Fresnel circle is blocked is the boundary between free-space propagation and diffraction propagation. In the calculation of the propagation model, the radius R of the first Fresnel circle required for the first blockage of the first Fresnel circle during the propagation of the near-ground electromagnetic wave along the x-axis (the line connecting the base station antenna to the user receiving antenna) is determined by the maximum distance d F of free-space transmission and the radio wavelength λ 0 .

[0045] The radius of the first Fresnel circle

[0046] When R F = h u ,

[0047]

[0048] Under this condition, the first Fresnel circle is tangent to the ground at a distance d 0 / 2 from the base station. At this time, the distance d between the user and the base station is equal to the maximum distance d 0 of free-space propagation. Therefore, within the area where the distance between the user and the base station is less than d 0 , the electromagnetic wave basically belongs to free-space propagation. However, diffraction begins to occur at a distance of d 0 / 2 from the base station. Since the diffracted wave is omnidirectional, in the LOS case, the radio signal received by the receiver not only has the free-propagation beam emitted by the transmitting base station point source, but also has the Fresnel Fraunhofer diffraction wave beam that is basically perpendicular to the ground. The interference of the two beams constructs the receiving electric field at the receiving point. The radio signal is at a distance d 0 from the base stationWhen propagating distally from the / 2 point, due to the action of the Fresnel diffraction phase factor, it exhibits a Fresnel wave transmission mode within the short distance between the transmitter and the receiver, while presenting a Fraunhofer wave transmission mode at a long distance. Generally, the Fresnel transmission path is much smaller than the Fraunhofer propagation length. In the Fraunhofer region, the energy flow of the transmitted wave can basically be regarded as a plane wave parallel to the ground. within the short distance between the transmitter and the receiver and presents a Fraunhofer wave transmission mode at a long distance.

[0049] Therefore, for users whose distance from the base station is greater than d 0 , its propagation model is a hybrid model of the interaction and coupling of free space transmission, Fresnel transmission, and Fraunhofer transmission, and the location where physical attenuation begins in the hybrid model is at a distance of d 0 / 2 from the base station. Considering that the Fraunhofer region is at a farther distance and the signal strength at the edge of the base station coverage is the weakest, the path loss of only the Fraunhofer wave transmission mode can be analyzed. Therefore, the propagation model of users whose distance from the base station is greater than d 0 can be simplified to a hybrid model of the interaction and coupling of free space transmission and Fraunhofer transmission.

[0050] According to the piecewise calculation formulas (d) and (e) of the path loss of the propagation model

[0051] L = L F = 10×log 10 (4πd / λ) 2 d ≤ d 0 (d)

[0052]

[0053] where L is the path loss. In actual calculations, it is calculated according to 10×log 10 (L), and the unit is dB; L F is the path loss in the free space attenuation model, and L D is the path loss in the coupled propagation model, and the units are both dB; d is the propagation distance from the base station to the user; at a distance of d 0 / 2 from the base station is the demarcation point between physical attenuation and geometric attenuation, and λ is the carrier wavelength, with the unit of m.

[0054] In the calculation of the free space attenuation model, the electromagnetic wave belongs to free space propagation, and the path loss L F in the free space attenuation model is

[0055] L F = 10×log 10 (4πd / λ) 2 d ≤ d 0 (d)

[0056] At a distance from the base station After the distance, since the electromagnetic wave is continuously blocked by the ground, it is equivalent to the first Fresnel circle being continuously blocked by the earth. At this time, diffraction occurs, but the attenuation of diffraction propagation does not play a dominant role. The near-ground propagation electromagnetic wave is still mainly free-space propagation. Its essence is that while the original free-space attenuation transmission is superimposed with diffraction attenuation, when it is greater than d 0 The path loss is as follows:

[0057]

[0058] In the formula, d is the propagation distance from the base station to the user, and d 0 / 2 is the demarcation distance between physical attenuation and geometric attenuation in air interface transmission, λ is the carrier wavelength, and h u is the height of the user antenna, with the unit of m.

[0059] The above content gives the propagation loss (path loss) model between the base station and the user. Given the distance d between the user and the base station, the path loss can be calculated according to formulas (d) and (e). However, in the base station deployment, d is the key deployment parameter to be solved. Therefore, it is also necessary to further determine d according to the requirement of the reference signal receiving power RSRP (Reference Signal Receiving Power) of the base station design edge coverage, and further convert to obtain the relationship between d and L D as follows:

[0060]

[0061] After the RSRP parameter is given, let the power Pr received by the receiving antenna be equal to the RSRP. Combining the transmitting power Pt of the base station antenna and the gains Gt of the base station transceiver antennas, the maximum allowed path loss L MAPL (maximum allowed Pathloss, MAPL) in the system can be calculated according to formula (f).

[0062] L MAPL = Gt + Pt + Gr - Pr (g)

[0063] Pr = RSRP (h)

[0064] Among them, Pr is the receiving power of the detection terminal receiving signal, with the unit of dBm, Gt is the gain of the base station transceiver antenna, with the unit of dB, Pt is the transmitting power of the base station antenna, with the unit of dBm, and Gr is the gain of the terminal receiving antenna, with the unit of dB.

[0065] Determine the maximum radius that the base station can meet the edge coverage requirement, that is, the maximum value of the distance d between the user and the base station. When L D = L MAPL ,

[0066]

[0067] The actual path loss model is valid in the LOS scenario. Therefore, after obtaining d that meets the RSRP coverage requirement, it is also necessary to examine whether the LOS scenario conditions are met. Compare the calculated d value with the maximum LOS straight-line distance dmax between the user and the base station. When d is less than dmax, the d value is taken as the distance between the user and the base station. If not, the dmax value is taken as the distance from the base station to the user.

[0068] Based on this, a high-frequency public network base station deployment method proposed by the present invention is used for specifically deploying the near-ground public network coverage of the trunk line in the unobstructed plain area under the LOS propagation mode, and specifically includes the following steps:

[0069] (1) Determine that the scenario type is an unobstructed trunk line area scenario, and determine the wireless air interface transmission frequency f;

[0070] (2) Select an initial reference base station, and determine the position of the reference base station and the antenna heights of the signal transmitting and receiving devices. The antenna heights of the signal transmitting and receiving devices include the base station antenna hanging height h s and the user antenna hanging height h u . Since the maximum straight-line distance between the user and the base station under the LOS propagation mode is a small quantity relative to the radius of the earth, the arc length can be used to approximately represent the straight-line distance. Therefore, the maximum straight-line distance dmax between the user and the base station under the LOS propagation mode satisfies the following formula:

[0071]

[0072] where R e is the average radius of the earth, taken as 6371 km; h s is the base station antenna hanging height, in m; h u is the user antenna hanging height, in m.

[0073] In this step, dmax is calculated under the condition of no atmospheric influence. In the actual application environment, the distance propagated in the LOS mode is slightly greater than dmax; the user system antenna can be a high-gain directional antenna or a wide-beam antenna, and the direction of the maximum gain of its beam is approximately parallel to the ground for deployment; the beam of the base station transceiver antenna is approximately parallel to the ground for deployment.

[0074] (3) Determine the demarcation point between physical attenuation and geometric attenuation in air interface transmission. Geometric attenuation refers to the propagation attenuation loss caused by the expansion of the wavefront due to the increase in spatial distance during radio propagation after determining the radio frequency. Physical attenuation refers to the propagation attenuation loss caused by the conversion of radio energy into other forms of energy during propagation, such as diffraction of the ground terrain and absorption by the near-earth atmosphere, resonance of oxygen and water molecules, etc. The demarcation point between the physical attenuation and geometric attenuation mentioned above refers to the demarcation point between the two propagation modes of free space propagation and diffraction propagation. Under LOS conditions, the electromagnetic wave propagation in the near-earth long straight trunk line scenario can be mainly divided into two modes: free space propagation and diffraction propagation, with a relatively obvious demarcation point, and there is a mutual coupling effect.

[0075] Calculate the maximum distance d of the user's free space transmission according to formulas (b) and (c). 0 , the demarcation point between physical attenuation and geometric attenuation in air interface transmission is at a distance from the signal emission starting point .

[0076]

[0077]

[0078] where λ is the radio wavelength in meters, c is the speed of light in vacuum, with a value of 2.99792458×10 8 m / s.

[0079] (4) Determine the gain Gt of the base station transceiver antenna and the gain Gr of the terminal receiving antenna, both in dB, and determine the transmit power Pt of the base station antenna in dBm. Preferably, the base station transceiver antenna is a high-gain directional antenna with a gain greater than 15 dB; the maximum pointing azimuth angle of the base station transceiver antenna can be continuously adjusted, and the vertical clearance between the antenna and the user is not less than 15 meters to ensure LOS propagation mode during testing.

[0080] (5) Determine the signal power requirement RSRP for the user's edge coverage in dBm. The signal power requirement for the edge coverage can be adjusted according to the user traffic demand, with a minimum not less than -110 dBm and a maximum not greater than -44 dBm.

[0081] (6) Calculate the path loss L according to the near-earth radio signal path loss model formulas (d) and (e);

[0082] L = L F = 10×log 10 (4πd / λ) 2 d ≤ d 0 (d)

[0083]

[0084] Among them, L is the path loss, and L F is the path loss in the free space attenuation model, and L D is the path loss in the coupled propagation model, both in dB. d is the distance between the user and the base station, in m, is the demarcation distance between physical attenuation and geometric attenuation in air interface transmission, in m;

[0085] Furthermore, the relationship between d and L D is obtained:

[0086] (7) Determine the maximum allowable path loss L in the system from formulas (f) and (g). MAPL According to the requirement of the reference signal received power RSRP of the edge coverage signal, when Pr is equal to RSRP, the path loss reaches the maximum value:

[0087] L MAPL = Gt + Pt + Gr - Pr (g)

[0088] Pr = RSRP (h)

[0089] Among them, Pr is the received signal power of the detection terminal, in dBm, Gt is the gain of the base station transceiver antenna, in dB, Pt is the transmission power of the base station antenna, in dBm, and Gr is the gain of the terminal receiving antenna, in dB;

[0090] (8) Determine the maximum radius that the base station can meet the edge coverage requirement, that is, the maximum value of the distance d between the user and the base station. When L D = L MAPL at this time,

[0091]

[0092] (9) Determine the distance between the user and the base station.

[0093] If d < dmax, then take the value of d as the distance between the user and the base station;

[0094] If d ≥ dmax, then take the value of dmax as the distance from the base station to the user. Specific Embodiment 1

[0096] The test from Yizhuang to Yongle Station of the Beijing-Tianjin Intercity High-Speed Railway. The receiving antenna is placed on the roof of the high-speed railway engineering vehicle, and the base station transmitting antenna is installed on the special iron tower of the high-speed railway GSM communication network. The height h of the base station antenna s is taken as 25 m, the transmission power Pt of the base station is 10 W, the equivalent decibels are 40 dBm, the gain of the base station transmitting antenna is 20 dB, and the height h of the user system antenna uThe distance is 5m, the antenna gain of the user system is 15dB, and the edge coverage power is required to be not less than -85dBm.

[0097] (1) Determine that the wireless air interface transmission frequency is f = 6GHz;

[0098] (2) Determine the base station antenna hanging height h s = 25m, the user system antenna hanging height h u = 5m;

[0099]

[0100] (3) The user system antenna hanging height h u = 5m, the wireless air interface transmission frequency f = 6GHz, the speed of light c is taken as 2.99792458×10 8 m / s, according to Calculate to get d 0 is 2km; it can be obtained that the distance from the starting point of the signal to the demarcation point of physical attenuation and geometric attenuation in the air interface transmission is 1km;

[0101] (4) Select the transmit power Pt to be 10w, equivalent to 40dBm, the base station transmit antenna gain Gt is 20dB, and the terminal receive antenna gain Gr is 15dB;

[0102] (5) Determine the required signal power for edge coverage RSRP to be -85dBm according to actual needs;

[0103] (6) Calculate the path loss L (unit: dB) at any point between 0 and dmax according to the following formula:

[0104] L = L F = 10×log 10 (4πd / λ) 2 d ≤ d 0

[0105]

[0106] Substitute d 0 of 2km into the above formula to get the relationship between d and L d :

[0107] (7) Determine the maximum allowable path loss L MAPL ;

[0108] L MAPL = Gt + Pt + Gr - Pr = 20 + 40 + 15 - (-85) = 160(dB)

[0109] Pr = RSRP

[0110] (8) Determine the maximum radius d at which the base station can meet the edge coverage requirement:

[0111] L D = L MAPL

[0112] d = 1 * (10 (160-108) / 40 + 1) = 20.9 (km)

[0113] (9) Detect whether d < dmax is satisfied, and determine the distance between the user and the base station.

[0114] 20.9 < 25.8. Therefore, when the base station coverage distance is 20.9 km, the LOS condition is satisfied. Therefore, the base station coverage distance, that is, the distance d between the user and the base station, is taken as 20.9 km. Specific Embodiment 2

[0116] Experiment on the section from Yizhuang to Yongle Station of the Beijing-Tianjin Intercity High-Speed Railway. The receiving antenna is placed on the roof of the high-speed railway engineering vehicle, and the base station transmitting antenna is installed on the special iron tower of the high-speed railway GSM communication network. The hanging height h of the base station antenna s is taken as 25 m, the transmitting power Pt of the base station is 10 W, the equivalent decibel is 40 dBm, the gain of the base station transmitting antenna is 20 dB, the hanging height h of the user system antenna u is 3 m, the gain is 15 dB, and the required edge coverage power is not less than -85 dBm.

[0117] (1) Determine that the wireless air interface transmission frequency is f = 6 GHz;

[0118] (2) Determine the hanging height h of the base station antenna s = 25 m, and the hanging height h of the user system antenna u = 3 m;

[0119]

[0120] (3) The hanging height h of the user system antenna u = 3 m, the wireless air interface transmission frequency f = 6 GHz, and the speed of light c is taken as 2.99792458×10 8 m / s. According to calculate to obtain d 0 to be 0.720 km; it can be obtained that the distance from the signal emission starting point to the boundary point between the physical attenuation and geometric attenuation in the air interface transmission is 0.360 km;

[0121] (4) Select the transmitting power Pt to be 10 w, equivalent to 40 dBm, the gain Gt of the base station transmitting antenna is 20 dB, and the gain Gr of the terminal receiving antenna is 15 dB;

[0122] (5) Determine the required signal power for edge coverage, RSRP, as -85 dBm according to actual needs;

[0123] (6) Calculate the path loss L (in dB) at any point between 0 and dmax according to the following formula:

[0124] L = L F = 10 × log 10 (4πd / λ) 2 d ≤ d 0

[0125]

[0126] Substitute d 0 as 0.72 km into the above formula to obtain the relationship between d and L d :

[0127]

[0128] (7) Determine the maximum allowable path loss L MAPL ;

[0129] L MAPL = Gt + Pt + Gr - Pr = 20 + 40 + 15 - (-85) = 160 (dB)

[0130] Pr = RSRP

[0131] (8) Determine the maximum radius d of the base station that can meet the edge coverage requirement:

[0132] L D = L MAPL = 160;

[0133] d = 0.36 * (10 (160-99.14) / 40 + 1) = 12.3 (km).

[0134] (9) Detect whether d < dmax is satisfied to determine the distance between the user and the base station,

[0135] 12.3 < 24, so when the base station coverage distance is 12.3 km, the LOS condition is satisfied. Therefore, the base station coverage distance, that is, the distance d between the user and the base station, is taken as 12.3 km. Specific Embodiment 3

[0137] Experiment on the section from Yizhuang to Yongle Station of the Beijing-Tianjin Intercity High-Speed Railway. The receiving antenna is placed on the roof of the high-speed railway engineering vehicle, and the base station transmitting antenna is installed on the special iron tower of the high-speed railway GSM communication network. The height h of the base station antenna s is taken as 20 m, the transmitting power Pt of the base station is 10 W, the equivalent decibel is 40 dBm, the gain of the base station transmitting antenna is 20 dB, and the height h of the user system antenna uIt is 4m, with a gain of 15dB, and the edge coverage power is required to be not less than -85dBm.

[0138] (1) Determine that the wireless air interface transmission frequency is f = 3.5GHz;

[0139] (2) Determine the height h of the base station antenna s = 20m, and the height h of the user system antenna u = 4m;

[0140]

[0141] (3) The height h of the user system antenna u = 4m, the wireless air interface transmission frequency f = 3.5GHz, and the speed of light c is taken as 2.99792458×10 8 m / s. According to Calculate to get d 0 is approximately 0.747km; it can be obtained that the distance from the starting point of the signal to the demarcation point between physical attenuation and geometric attenuation in the air interface transmission is 0.373km;

[0142] (4) Select the transmit power Pt to be 10w, equivalent to 40dBm, the base station transmit antenna gain Gt is 20dB, and the terminal receive antenna gain Gr is 15dB;

[0143] (5) Determine the signal power requirement RSRP for edge coverage as -85dBm according to actual needs;

[0144] (6) Calculate the path loss L (unit: dB) between 0 and dmax according to the following formula:

[0145] L = L F = 10×log 10 (4πd / λ) 2 d ≤ d 0

[0146]

[0147] Substitute d 0 of 0.747 into the above formula to obtain the relationship between d and L d :

[0148]

[0149] (7) Determine the maximum allowable path loss L MAPL ;

[0150] L MAPL = Gt + Pt + Gr - Pr = 20 + 40 + 15 - (-85) = 160 (dB)

[0151] Pr = RSRP

[0152] (8) Determine the maximum radius d at which the base station can meet the edge coverage requirement:

[0153] L D = L MAPL = 160;

[0154] d = 0.373 * (10 (160-94.7) / 40 + 1) = 16.4 (km).

[0155] (9) Detect whether d < dmax is satisfied, and determine the distance between the user and the base station

[0156] 16.4 < 23. Therefore, when the base station coverage distance is 16.4 km, the LOS condition is satisfied. Therefore, the base station coverage distance, that is, the distance d between the user and the base station, is taken as 16.4 km.

[0157] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for deploying a high-frequency public network base station, which is used for deploying the trunk near-ground public network coverage in an unobstructed plain area under the LOS propagation mode. Characterized in that: It includes the following steps: (1) Determine that the scenario type is an unobstructed trunk area scenario, and determine the wireless air interface transmission frequency f; (2) Select an initial reference base station, determine the location of the reference base station and the antenna height of the signal transceiver device, where the antenna height of the signal transceiver device includes the hanging height h of the base station antenna s and the hanging height h of the user antenna u , since the maximum straight-line distance between the user and the base station in the LOS propagation mode is a small quantity relative to the radius of the earth, the arc length can be used to approximately represent the straight-line distance. Therefore, the maximum straight-line distance dmax between the user and the base station in the LOS propagation mode satisfies the following formula where, R e is the average radius of the Earth, taking 6371 km; h s is the height of the base station antenna, in m; h u is the height of the user antenna, in m; (3) Determine the boundary between physical attenuation and geometric attenuation in air interface transmission, and calculate the maximum free space transmission distance d of the user according to formulas (b) and (c) 0 The boundary between physical attenuation and geometric attenuation in air interface transmission is at a distance from the starting point of signal transmission. Department, where λ is the radio wavelength in meters (m), c is the speed of light in vacuum with a value of 2.99792458×10 8 m / s; (4) Determine the base station transceiver antenna gain Gt and the terminal receiving antenna gain Gr, both in dB, and determine the base station antenna transmission power Pt, in dBm; (5) Determine the signal power requirement RSRP for user edge coverage, in dBm; (6) Calculate the path loss model formulas (d) and (e) at any point between 0 and dmax as follows: L = L F = 10×log 10 (4πd / λ) 2 d ≤ d 0 (d) Among them, L is the path loss, and L F is the path loss in the free space attenuation model, and L D is the path loss in the coupled propagation model, both in dB. d is the distance between the user and the base station, in m, is the demarcation distance between physical attenuation and geometric attenuation in air interface transmission, in m; Further obtain the relationship between d and L D as follows: (7) Determine the maximum allowable path loss L in the system by formulas (f) and (g). MAPL According to the requirement of the reference signal received power RSRP for edge coverage signal, when Pr is equal to RSRP, the path loss reaches the maximum value: L MAPL = Gt + Pt + Gr - Pr (g) Pr = RSRP (h) Where Pr is the received signal power of the detection terminal, in dBm, Gt is the base station transceiver antenna gain, in dB, Pt is the base station antenna transmission power, in dBm, and Gr is the terminal receiving antenna gain, in dB; (8) Determine the maximum radius at which the base station can meet the edge coverage requirement, that is, the maximum value of the distance d between the user and the base station. When L D = L MAPL at this time (9) Determine the distance between the user and the base station. If d < dmax, then take the value of d as the distance between the user and the base station; If d ≥ dmax, then take the value of dmax as the distance from the base station to the user.

2. The method for deploying a high-frequency public network base station according to claim 1. Characterized in that: The base station transceiver antenna described in step (4) is a high-gain directional antenna with a gain greater than 15 dB.

3. The method for deploying a high-frequency public network base station according to claim 1. Characterized in that: The maximum pointing azimuth angle of the base station transceiver antenna can be continuously adjusted, and the net difference in hanging height between the antenna and the user is not less than 15 meters to ensure the LOS propagation mode during testing.

4. The method for deploying a high-frequency public network base station according to claim 1. Characterized in that: The beam of the base station transceiver antenna is deployed approximately parallel to the ground.

5. The method for deploying a high-frequency public network base station according to claim 1. Characterized in that: The user system antenna can be a high-gain directional antenna or a wide-beam antenna, and the maximum gain direction of its beam is deployed approximately parallel to the ground.

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