A method for tailings treatment using a frame-type flood discharge tower

Abstract

This invention discloses a method for treating tailings from a frame-type flood discharge tower, comprising the following steps: Step 1, scheme determination; Step 2, underwater treatment; Step 3, above-water treatment; wherein in Step 1, the tailings treatment scheme for the frame-type flood discharge tower is first determined; wherein in Step 2, underwater treatment is divided into two types: sediment layer treatment and flow layer treatment; wherein in Step 3, above-water treatment is carried out on the frame-type flood discharge tower; this invention treats tailings from the frame-type flood discharge tower by employing underwater treatment followed by above-water treatment, and utilizes the external material filling to allow seepage of the accumulated tailings to seal the gaps, creating a blocking layer that blocks the gaps, thereby achieving the purpose of stopping tailings leakage; it is applicable to the leakage treatment of flood discharge towers in upstream tailings dams, thus fundamentally and thoroughly solving the environmental pollution problem caused by leakage from tailings dam flood discharge towers.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of mineral processing engineering technology, specifically to a method for treating tailings from a frame-type flood discharge tower. Background Technology

[0002] Flood discharge facilities are essential safety features for tailings dams. Their function is to safely discharge floodwaters within the catchment area to the outside of the dam, ensuring its safe operation during flood season. Their safety and reliability directly affect the flood control safety of the tailings dam. The selection of the type of flood discharge structure should be determined based on factors such as the tailings dam's drainage capacity, topography, geological conditions, usage requirements, and construction conditions, through a technical and economic comparison. Frame-type flood discharge towers are widely used both domestically and internationally due to their reasonable structure, large water intake capacity, and relatively simple operation, especially for large-capacity tailings dams. As tailings dam height increases annually, it is necessary to install blocking plates above the designed flood discharge elevation on frame-type flood discharge towers to ensure normal dam water levels and flood discharge requirements. During the flood season, in the event of extreme weather, the blocking plates need to be removed in advance to lower the flood discharge elevation, ensuring that the highest flood level meets the specifications. The blocking plates are arc-shaped structures with a height of 200-300mm, installed layer by layer. The appropriate height is determined based on annual flood control calculations and production needs. To ensure water supply for production in winter and spring, they are generally installed in autumn each year, and removed before the flood season to ensure sufficient flood control capacity. In northern winter production, ice layers exceeding 600mm often form on the tailings pond surface. The blocking plates are surrounded and bound by this thick ice layer. Due to thermal expansion and contraction and the binding effect of the ice layer, cracks often appear between the layers of the blocking plates, causing delamination. This not only affects the safety of the flood discharge tower but also allows tailings to leak through the cracks into the flood discharge system and out of the pond, polluting the downstream environment and posing a significant environmental risk. This type of tailings leakage causes long-lasting environmental impacts, is extremely difficult to remediate, and also increases the difficulty of subsequent flood discharge tower sealing. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a method for treating tailings from a frame-type flood discharge tower, so as to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a method for treating tailings from a frame-type flood discharge tower, comprising the following steps: Step 1, determining the scheme; Step 2, underwater treatment; Step 3, above-water treatment;

[0005] In step one above, the tailings treatment scheme for the frame-type flood discharge tower is first determined.

[0006] In step two above, underwater treatment is divided into two types: sediment layer treatment and flow layer treatment.

[0007] In step three above, water treatment work is carried out on the frame-type flood discharge tower.

[0008] Preferably, in step one, the treatment scheme is divided into two types: underwater treatment technology and above-water treatment technology. During the treatment process, underwater treatment and above-water treatment are used to jointly treat the tailings of the frame-type flood discharge tower.

[0009] Preferably, in step two, the treatment method for the sediment layer is divided into two types of treatment technologies: internal and external. First, external treatment is carried out by using tailings sediment layer filling technology. The filling material is slag from a coal-fired boiler. Utilizing the fluidity and filtering properties of the slag, it flows through the tailings sediment layer to the leakage points, forming a water-blocking layer to reduce leakage, which is a prerequisite for internal treatment. In the process of external treatment, ash and slag are first filled layer by layer along a certain circumference of the flood discharge tower. After the ash and slag settle on the tailings sediment layer, they will move with the water flow to the leakage points and eventually accumulate at the cracks between the leakage blocking plates. With the accumulation of a large amount of ash and slag, the leakage of ore and water will be greatly reduced. The internal treatment adopts a water guiding + concrete filling technology, in which fixed water guiding channels and valves are set in each frame between the layers of the flood discharge tower.

[0010] Preferably, in step two, the treatment of the water layer is carried out using iron plate sealing + concrete filling technology, that is, iron plates are welded to the outside of the flood discharge tower, and there is a certain cavity between the flood discharge tower and the iron plate, and the cavity is filled with concrete.

[0011] Preferably, in step three, the operation procedures for water treatment are as follows: a floating bridge and floating platforms around the tower are used to release loose materials; for areas far from the platform, ships are used to release loose materials and geotextiles around the tower to prevent underwater leakage; the newly installed plugs on the water surface are externally protected by steel structures connected to the immersed tubes to form an external protection similar to the immersed tubes, to prevent cracks and delamination between the plug layers caused by thermal expansion and contraction in winter, and to prevent the water level of the tailings discharged from rising due to the gripping of the plugs by ice, which causes the gripping part of the plug to be stretched upward as a whole, resulting in the separation of the gripping part from the underwater part of the plug and creating a gap.

[0012] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: the frame-type flood discharge tower tailings treatment method solves the serious environmental pollution problem caused by tailings leakage through the flood discharge tower and flood discharge tunnel into the river due to the above-mentioned gaps. This method is applicable to the leakage control of flood discharge towers in upstream tailings ponds; thus fundamentally and thoroughly solving the environmental pollution problem caused by leakage of flood discharge towers in tailings ponds. Attached Figure Description

[0013] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the method of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0014] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0015] Please see Figure 1 The present invention provides an embodiment of a method for treating tailings from a frame-type flood discharge tower, comprising the following steps: Step 1, determining the scheme; Step 2, underwater treatment; Step 3, above-water treatment;

[0016] In step one above, the tailings treatment scheme for the frame-type flood discharge tower is first determined. There are two treatment schemes: one is underwater treatment technology and the other is above-water treatment technology. During the treatment process, underwater treatment and above-water treatment are used to treat the tailings of the frame-type flood discharge tower together.

[0017] In step two above, underwater treatment is divided into two types: sediment layer treatment and flow layer treatment. Sediment layer treatment methods are further divided into internal and external treatment techniques. External treatment is carried out first, using tailings sediment layer backfilling technology. The backfill material is slag from a coal-fired boiler. Utilizing the slag's fluidity and ability to filter fine tailings, it flows through the tailings sediment layer to the leakage points, forming a water-blocking layer to reduce leakage, thus serving as a prerequisite for internal treatment. During external treatment, the process begins with a certain circumference of the drainage tower... The system involves filling the interior with layers of furnace ash and slag. After settling onto the tailings sediment layer, the ash and slag will move towards the leakage point with the water flow, eventually accumulating at the cracks between the leakage plug layers. As a large amount of furnace ash and slag accumulates, the leakage of ore and water will be greatly reduced. The internal treatment uses a water guiding + concrete filling technology, with fixed water guiding channels and valves installed in each frame between the layers of the flood discharge tower. The treatment of the flow layer uses an iron plate sealing + concrete filling technology, that is, an iron plate is welded to the outside of the flood discharge tower, and there is a certain cavity between the flood discharge tower and the iron plate. The cavity is filled with concrete.

[0018] In step three above, the above-mentioned water treatment work is carried out on the frame-type flood discharge tower. The operation procedure of the water treatment is as follows: a floating bridge and floating platforms around the tower are used to release loose materials. For the parts away from the platform, ships are used to release loose materials and geotextiles around the tower to prevent underwater leakage areas. The newly installed blocking plates on the water surface are connected to the immersed tube protection with steel structure to form an external protection similar to the immersed tube. This is to prevent cracks and delamination between the blocking plate layers caused by thermal expansion and contraction in winter, as well as the rise in the water level of the tailings discharge caused by the ice layer binding the blocking plate. The buoyancy generated will stretch the binding part of the blocking plate upward as a whole, causing the binding part to separate from the underwater part of the blocking plate and create a gap.

[0019] Based on the above, the advantages of this invention are that, when used, the loose material filling outside the tower utilizes seepage to partially seal the gaps in the accumulated tailings, creating a blocking layer that blocks the gaps and achieves the purpose of preventing tailings leakage. Furthermore, the invention employs steel structure submerged pipes to pour concrete outside the flood discharge tower to seal the gaps in the tower's sealing plates. Simultaneously, within the bottom sedimentation area inside the flood discharge tower, steel formwork is used to support the inner side of the internal frame of the flood discharge tower, and concrete is poured to reinforce and seal the sedimentation area, thereby preventing water seepage through the gaps in the sealing plates and preventing defects caused by incomplete external blocking.

[0020] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from its spirit or essential characteristics. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered in all respects as exemplary and non-limiting, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims are intended to be included within the present invention. No reference numerals in the claims should be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A method for treating tailings from a frame-type flood discharge tower, comprising the following steps: Step 1: Scheme determination; Step 2: Underwater remediation; Step 3: Above-water remediation; Its characteristics are: In step one above, the tailings treatment scheme for the frame-type flood discharge tower is first determined. In step two above, underwater treatment is divided into two types: sediment layer treatment and flow layer treatment. In step three above, water treatment work is carried out on the frame-type flood discharge tower; In step two, the treatment methods for the sediment layer are divided into two types: internal and external treatment technologies. External treatment is carried out first, using tailings sediment layer backfilling technology. The backfill material is slag from a coal-fired boiler. Utilizing the slag's fluidity and ability to filter fine tailings, it flows through the tailings sediment layer to the leakage points, forming a water-blocking layer to reduce leakage, which is a prerequisite for internal treatment. During external treatment, ash and slag are first backfilled layer by layer along a certain circumference of the flood discharge tower. After settling on the tailings sediment layer, the ash and slag move with the water flow towards the leakage points, eventually accumulating at the cracks between the leakage blocking plates. With the accumulation of a large amount of ash and slag, the leakage of ore and water is greatly reduced. Internal treatment employs a water-guiding + concrete backfilling technology, setting fixed water-guiding channels and valves within each frame between the flood discharge tower layers. In step two, the treatment of the water layer is carried out by iron plate sealing + concrete filling technology, that is, iron plates are welded to the outside of the flood discharge tower, and there is a certain cavity between the flood discharge tower and the iron plate. The cavity is filled with concrete. In step three, the operational procedures for water treatment are as follows: Bulk materials are deployed using floating bridges and platforms around the tower; for areas far from the platform, bulk materials and geotextiles are deployed around the tower by ships to prevent underwater leakage; the newly installed plugs on the water surface are externally protected by steel structures connected to the immersed tubes to form an external protection similar to the immersed tubes, preventing cracks and delamination that often occur between the plug layers due to thermal expansion and contraction in winter, and preventing the water level from rising due to the ice layer gripping the plugs, causing the buoyancy to pull the gripped plugs upwards as a whole, resulting in the separation of the gripped plugs from the underwater plugs and creating gaps.

2. The method for treating tailings from a frame-type flood discharge tower according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step one, there are two treatment schemes: underwater treatment technology and above-water treatment technology. During the treatment process, underwater treatment and above-water treatment are used to jointly treat the tailings of the frame-type flood discharge tower.

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