A tunnel support assembly, system and method for transferring upper and lower overlapping tunnel supports

Abstract

The application belongs to the technical field of tunnel support, and discloses a tunnel support assembly, a tunnel support system and a method for transferring an upper and lower overlapped tunnel support, wherein the tunnel support assembly can be disassembled and transferred, and comprises an upper support assembly for supporting an inner wall of a circumferential part of a tunnel and a lower support assembly for supporting an inner wall of another circumferential part of the tunnel, and the lower support assembly and the upper support assembly jointly form a support structure which is adapted to the inner shape of the tunnel; wherein the upper support assembly is connected with the lower support assembly through at least one first jacking part, and the first jacking part is detachably connected with the upper support assembly or the lower support assembly, so that the upper support assembly and the lower support assembly can be disassembled from each other. The application adopts a frame type structure which can be easily disassembled and assembled, and can effectively support the tunnel and be easily disassembled at the same time. In cooperation with a transfer trolley, the application can support the tunnel at different positions and can be repeatedly used. Compared with the existing tunnel support trolley, the application has lower cost, lighter weight and simpler structure.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of tunnel support technology, specifically relating to a tunnel support component, system, and method for transporting overlapping tunnel supports. Background Technology

[0002] With the widespread promotion of urban rail transit in my country, tunnel boring machine (TBM) technology has become increasingly mature and reliable. The industry has adopted a "tunneling whenever possible" construction philosophy, and TBM technology is being vigorously promoted. As underground space development becomes increasingly abundant and dense, underground space in urban centers is becoming increasingly scarce. With the route selection for subway lines gradually becoming limited, some areas have had to adopt the construction technique of overlapping tunnels. This involves constructing the downstream tunnel first, reinforcing it after completion, and then constructing the upstream tunnel. This practice is becoming increasingly common in China.

[0003] There are currently two traditional methods for supporting downhill tunnels. One method uses steel structures to support the downhill tunnel. This method is only suitable for tunnels with short-distance overlapping construction. If the overlapping tunnels are too long, the required amount of steel structure is too large, and a large amount of manpower is needed for construction. For longer overlapping tunnels, hydraulic trolleys are used for internal support. In this way, the trolley for the downhill tunnel moves synchronously with the shield construction of the uphill tunnel. As the shield of the uphill tunnel is constructed, the support trolley for the downhill tunnel moves to that position in advance to provide support. The movement and support of the trolley in this method are fully hydraulically controlled, and this method is currently the most widely used.

[0004] However, the hydraulic trolley currently has a complex structure, high manufacturing costs, and a large overall weight. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a tunnel support component, system and method for transporting overlapping tunnel supports, so as to solve the problems of complex structure, high manufacturing cost and large weight of existing tunnel support trolleys.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] In one aspect, a detachable and transportable tunnel support assembly is provided, including an upper support assembly for supporting a portion of the inner wall of the tunnel in the circumferential direction and a lower support assembly for supporting another portion of the inner wall of the tunnel in the circumferential direction. The lower support assembly and the upper support assembly together constitute a support structure adapted to the shape of the tunnel.

[0008] The upper support assembly is connected to the lower support assembly via at least one first support component. The first support component is detachably connected to the upper support assembly or the lower support assembly so that the upper support assembly and the lower support assembly can be detached from each other.

[0009] A passage for a transfer vehicle is formed between the upper support assembly and the lower support assembly, and the upper support assembly is provided with a transfer connection part for detachable connection with the transfer vehicle so as to transfer the upper support assembly by the transfer vehicle.

[0010] In a possible implementation, the first support member is disposed on the upper support assembly and located inside the upper support assembly, the first support member has a first connecting portion, and the lower support assembly has a second connecting portion that is detachably connected to the first connecting portion.

[0011] In a possible implementation, the first support component is a hydraulic cylinder, and the first connecting part includes a first connecting flange disposed at the driving end of the hydraulic cylinder;

[0012] The second connection part includes a connecting leg disposed inside the lower support assembly and a second connecting flange disposed at the top of the connecting leg. The second connecting flange is connected to the first connecting flange by fasteners.

[0013] In one possible implementation, the lower support assembly is provided with a track parallel to the tunnel length direction, and the transfer vehicle has a traveling mechanism adapted to the track.

[0014] In a possible implementation, the upper support assembly includes an arc-shaped support beam that is supported by the tunnel inner wall in point or surface contact and a transverse support beam disposed inside the arc-shaped support beam.

[0015] Wherein, at least one of the first top support components is fixed at each end of the transverse support beam, and the channel is formed between the first top support component, the transverse support beam and the lower support assembly.

[0016] In one possible implementation, the arc-shaped support beam supports the tunnel wall through point contact;

[0017] The outer side of the arc-shaped support beam is provided with multiple support points evenly distributed along its arc-shaped outer edge, and each support point is provided with a support block.

[0018] In one possible implementation, the first top support component is detachably connected to the arc-shaped support beam on the corresponding side by a plurality of fixing stiffeners.

[0019] In one possible implementation, the arc-shaped support beam includes a semi-circular I-beam, arc-shaped side sealing plates fixed on the front and rear sides of the I-beam, and a top sealing plate fixed between the outer edges of the two arc-shaped side sealing plates.

[0020] In one possible implementation, two oblique support beams are symmetrically arranged on the inner side of the arc-shaped support beam.

[0021] In one possible implementation, the tunnel support assembly is applied to a large-diameter tunnel;

[0022] The arc-shaped support beam includes at least two arc-shaped beams that are detachably connected in sequence. The transverse support beam includes a main support beam and end support beams that are connected to the arc-shaped beams on both sides. The end support beams are detachably connected to the main support beam.

[0023] Each of the arc-shaped beams is detachably connected to the main support beam by at least one second support component.

[0024] In a possible implementation, the lower support assembly includes a support base and abutting support members abutting against both sides of the support base. The abutting support members and the support base together form a semi-circular support structure that fits against the inner wall of the supported tunnel.

[0025] The upper support assembly is provided with abutting cylinders at both ends in the circumferential direction, and the abutting support member has a first abutting part at the end near the abutting cylinder that abuts and cooperates with the abutting cylinder;

[0026] The upper support assembly is connected to the support base via the first top support component.

[0027] In one possible implementation, a second abutment is provided on each side of the support base, and a third abutment is provided at the end of the abutment support member opposite to the first abutment. The third abutment engages with the second abutment to make the lower support assembly detachable.

[0028] Secondly, a detachable and transferable tunnel support system is also provided, including a transfer vehicle and multiple sets of detachable and transferable tunnel support components as described in any of the above technical solutions.

[0029] The transfer vehicle includes a vehicle body, which is equipped with a lifting drive component. A rotation drive component is connected to the top of the lifting drive component. The rotation drive component has a connecting engagement part for detachable connection with the transfer connection part, so that the upper support component can be rotated by the rotation drive component at a first angle, the first angle being 45°-135°.

[0030] In a possible implementation, the rotary drive component includes a slewing bearing, a third connecting flange and a fourth connecting flange, and a linear drive component;

[0031] The inner ring of the slewing bearing is connected to the third connecting flange located at the drive end of the lifting drive component, and the outer ring of the slewing bearing is connected to the fourth connecting flange. The fourth connecting flange is parallel to the third connecting flange and is used to connect to the transfer connection part. One end of the linear drive component is hinged to the first hinge point of the third connecting flange, and the other end is hinged to the second hinge point of the fourth connecting flange. The linear drive component is eccentrically arranged so that the upper support assembly connected to the fourth connecting flange can be rotated by the first angle through the linear drive component.

[0032] In one possible implementation, the transfer connection is a fifth connecting flange, which is adapted to the fourth connecting flange;

[0033] The first angle is 90°.

[0034] Thirdly, a method for transporting overlapping tunnel supports is also provided, based on a detachable and transportable tunnel support system according to any of the above technical solutions, including the following methods:

[0035] In the down tunnel, multiple sets of detachable and transportable tunnel support components are installed sequentially at each tunnel location requiring support, as designed, until the length of the tunnel support components meets the requirements of shield tunneling. At this point, the construction of the up tunnel can begin.

[0036] During the construction of the up-going tunnel, the tunnel support components in the down-going tunnel are moved to extend the tunnel.

[0037] The step of extending the tunnel support components within the down tunnel during the construction of the up tunnel includes the following steps:

[0038] Position the transfer vehicle directly below the transfer connection of the tunnel support component to be transferred, and connect the transfer connection to the transfer vehicle.

[0039] Disconnect the lower support component from the first top support component and from the clamping cylinder to the abutting support component, and retract the first top support component;

[0040] The transfer vehicle is moved to an empty space in the adjacent tunnel, and then the upper support assembly connected to the transfer vehicle is rotated 45°-135° from its initial state to the transfer state through the linear drive component, making it easy to transfer within the tunnel.

[0041] The upper support assembly is transported to the next position to be supported and the lower support assembly is set up by the transfer vehicle. The upper support assembly connected to the transfer vehicle is rotated to the initial state. In the initial state, the upper support assembly is moved upward and close to the inner wall of the tunnel by the lifting support component of the transfer vehicle. Then the first top support component is connected to the lower support component, and the connection between the transfer vehicle and the upper support assembly is disconnected.

[0042] Operate the first support component to support the upper support assembly and the connected lower support assembly inside the tunnel.

[0043] In one possible implementation, the steps involve sequentially installing multiple sets of detachable and transportable tunnel support assemblies at each tunnel location requiring support within the downlink tunnel, as designed, until the arrangement length of the tunnel support assemblies meets the requirements for shield tunneling construction. At this point, construction of the uplink tunnel can begin, including the following methods:

[0044] Assemble the upper support assembly of the detachable and transportable tunnel support assembly, connect the first top support component of the upper support assembly to the support base of the lower support assembly, and transport it to the position to be supported inside the tunnel by a transport vehicle;

[0045] Install the abutment support at the position to be supported, and ensure that the two abutment support are tightly connected to both sides of the support base;

[0046] The clamping cylinder of the upper support assembly applies pressure to the abutting support component. After the pressure of the clamping cylinder meets the requirements, the clamping cylinder is locked, and the installation of the first set of tunnel support components is completed.

[0047] Repeat the above steps to install multiple sets of tunnel support components along the length of the tunnel until the length of the tunnel support components meets the requirements of shield tunneling. At this point, the construction of the upward tunnel can begin.

[0048] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0049] The detachable and transportable tunnel support assembly of the present invention adopts a frame-type structure that is easy to assemble and disassemble. It can provide effective support while also being easy to disassemble. When used with a transport vehicle, it can provide support at different locations in the tunnel. It is reusable and has lower cost, lighter weight, simpler structure, and is easier to transport compared to existing tunnel support trolleys.

[0050] Moreover, the structure of the first top support component and the lower support component being detachably connected allows for adjustment of the support force of the two support components on the tunnel wall, and also makes it easier to assemble and disassemble the two support components. Furthermore, by setting a track on the support base, the track can facilitate the movement of the transfer vehicle and connect with the track in the non-support area, which is more conducive to the passage of related vehicles.

[0051] Meanwhile, the lower support component, by setting up abutment support parts for abutment installation, can be easily connected by abutment installation after the support base is transported to the position to be supported by the transfer vehicle, which greatly improves the assembly efficiency and makes the structural design more reasonable.

[0052] In addition, the support components are mostly made of steel, which is low in cost and can be assembled in the tunnel or on the ground, saving the cost of pre-assembly and transportation, making it more convenient.

[0053] In some application scenarios, the upper support component can adopt a multi-segment connection structure, and multiple sets of second top support components can be set between the arc-shaped support beam and the transverse support, which can make the tunnel support component suitable for large-diameter tunnel support and have a wider range of applications.

[0054] The detachable and transportable tunnel support system of the present invention allows multiple sets of support components to be easily transported to their positions for installation using a transport vehicle. When extension is required, the upper support components can be transported using the transport vehicle. Thus, even with more support bases, repeated and continuous support for a tunnel can be achieved with only a few upper support components in cooperation with a transport vehicle.

[0055] Furthermore, the transfer vehicle is equipped with a lifting drive component using hydraulic cylinders and a linear drive component. The lifting drive component can adjust the height of the upper support component connected to the transfer vehicle for easy installation or disassembly. Through the rotatable structure composed of the linear drive component, slewing bearing, and flange, the upper support component can be rotated, making it easier to move the upper support component for transfer, which is more convenient and practical.

[0056] The present invention provides a method for transporting and supporting overlapping tunnels. By employing a tunnel support system for tunnel support operations, it can effectively solve the problems of complex design, high manufacturing cost, and large overall weight of the support trolley for the downward tunnel during the construction of overlapping tunnels in existing shield tunneling projects. Attached Figure Description

[0057] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a detachable and transportable tunnel support assembly according to an embodiment of this application;

[0058] Figure 2 This is a structural schematic diagram of the upper support component of a detachable and transportable tunnel support assembly according to an embodiment of this application. The schematic diagram also shows a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the arc-shaped support beam.

[0059] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a detachable and transportable tunnel support assembly according to an embodiment of this application when applied to a large-diameter tunnel;

[0060] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a detachable and transportable tunnel support system according to an embodiment of this application. The diagram shows the structure of the tunnel support components and the transport vehicle when connected.

[0061] Figure 5This is a side view of a transport vehicle for a detachable and transportable tunnel support system according to an embodiment of this application.

[0062] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a rotary drive component of a detachable and transportable tunnel support system according to an embodiment of this application.

[0063] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the rotation principle of a rotation drive component of a detachable and transportable tunnel support system according to an embodiment of this application.

[0064] Figure 8 This is a top view of the process of preparing a detachable and transportable tunnel support system for use, according to an embodiment of this application.

[0065] Figure 9 This is a top view of a detachable and transportable tunnel support system according to an embodiment of this application, when it is first moved to a free space and rotated during the transport process.

[0066] Figure 10 This is a top view of a detachable and transportable tunnel support system according to an embodiment of this application, which will be rotated when transported to the vicinity of the support position.

[0067] In the diagram: 1-Tunnel support assembly; 11-Upper support assembly; 111-Arc-shaped support beam; 1111-I-beam; 1112-Arc-shaped side sealing plate; 1113-Arc-shaped beam; 112-Transverse support beam; 1121-End support beam; 1122-Main support beam; 113-Transfer connection part; 114-First top support component; 115-Fixing stiffener; 116-Support block; 117-First connecting flange; 118-Inclined support beam; 119-Securing cylinder; 12-Lower support assembly; 121-Support 1. Support base; 122. Connecting leg; 123. Second abutment part; 124. Abutment support; 125. Third abutment part; 126. Second connecting flange; 127. First abutment part; 13. Protective rope hanging point; 14. Second top support component; 2. Transfer car; 21. Car body; 22. Walking mechanism; 23. Lifting drive component; 24. Rotary drive component; 241. Fourth connecting flange; 242. Third connecting flange; 243. Linear drive component; 244. Slewing bearing; 3. Rail; 4. Sleeper. Detailed Implementation

[0068] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0069] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0070] Please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, an embodiment of this application provides a detachable and transportable tunnel support assembly 1, including an upper support assembly 11 for supporting a portion of the inner wall of the tunnel in the circumferential direction and a lower support assembly 12 for supporting another portion of the inner wall of the tunnel in the circumferential direction. The lower support assembly 12 and the upper support assembly 11 together constitute a support structure adapted to the shape of the tunnel.

[0071] The upper support component 11 and the lower support component 12 provide regional support for the inner wall of the tunnel in the circumferential direction, so that the support structure formed by the two can effectively support the tunnel in the circumferential direction.

[0072] The upper support assembly 11 is connected to the lower support assembly 12 via at least one first top support component 114. The first top support component 114 is detachably connected to either the upper support assembly 11 or the lower support assembly 12, allowing the upper support assembly 11 and the lower support assembly 12 to be disassembled from each other. In a specific implementation, the first top support component 114 is a top support cylinder. The top support cylinder is installed in an inverted manner with the cylinder chamber on top and the rodless chamber on the bottom, which allows for a simpler design of the lower support assembly 12, facilitating the passage of transport vehicles and battery-powered vehicles.

[0073] The first support component 114 can be installed on the upper support assembly 11 or the lower support assembly 12, without limitation. However, it needs to be detachably connected to the upper support assembly 11 or the lower support assembly 12 so that it can be separated for transportation and lifted to adjust the support force.

[0074] In the embodiments of this application, a channel for the transfer vehicle 2 to pass through is formed between the upper support component 11 and the lower support component 12, and the upper support component 11 is provided with a transfer connection part 113 for detachable connection with the transfer vehicle 2 so as to transfer the upper support component 11 by the transfer vehicle 2.

[0075] The upper support assembly 11 and the lower support assembly form a frame structure. The channel formed on the inner side facilitates the passage of the transfer vehicle 2. When the transfer vehicle 2 moves directly under the upper support assembly 11, it connects to the upper support assembly 11 via the transfer connection part 113 for easy transfer. Of course, the transfer vehicle 2 can have two uses: one is that during installation, the upper support assembly 11 and the lower support assembly 12 are connected as a whole, and the transfer vehicle 2 transfers them to the position to be supported, i.e., integrated transfer; the other is that only the upper support assembly 11 is transferred during the extension process.

[0076] Through the above technical solution, the tunnel support component 1 adopts a frame-type structure that is easy to assemble and disassemble. While providing effective support, it is also easy to disassemble. In conjunction with the transfer vehicle 2, it can provide support at different locations in the tunnel. It is reusable and, compared with existing tunnel support trolleys, it has lower cost, lighter weight, simpler structure, and is easier to transport. Moreover, the detachable connection between the first top support component 114 and the lower support component 12 allows for adjustment of the support force of the two support components on the tunnel wall and also makes the assembly and disassembly of the two support components more convenient.

[0077] In one embodiment, the first top support member 114 is disposed on the upper support assembly 11 and located inside the upper support assembly 11, the first top support member 114 has a first connecting portion, and the lower support assembly 12 has a second connecting portion that is detachably connected to the first connecting portion.

[0078] The first top support component 114 can be detachably connected to the second connection of the lower support component 12 through the first connecting part, which facilitates disassembly and assembly. The detachable connection method can be flange connection or plug connection, without limitation.

[0079] Furthermore, to better achieve detachable connection, the first support component 114 is a hydraulic cylinder, and the first connecting part includes a first connecting flange 117 located at the driving end of the hydraulic cylinder; the second connecting part includes a connecting leg 122 located inside the lower support assembly 12 and a second connecting flange 126 located at the top of the connecting leg 122, and the second connecting flange 126 is connected to the first connecting flange 117 by fasteners. In this way, the hydraulic rod can provide greater supporting force, enabling both the upper support assembly 11 and the lower support assembly 12 to provide effective support, and with the cooperation of the flange connection structure, it is both detachable and easy to connect.

[0080] To facilitate the passage of the transfer vehicle 2 through the tunnel support assembly 1, the lower support assembly 12 is further provided with a track 3 parallel to the tunnel length direction. The transfer vehicle 2 has a traveling mechanism 22 adapted to the track 3. Naturally, this track 3 needs to connect with tracks 3 in other non-support areas to allow the transfer vehicle 2 or related vehicles to form a connection. Since the tracks 3 in the non-support areas need to be set up using sleepers 4, the inner guide rail of the lower support component is directly located on its inner wall, thus ensuring the connection between the track 3 within the lower support assembly 12 and the tracks 3 in the non-support areas.

[0081] In some embodiments, the upper support assembly 11 includes an arc-shaped support beam 111 that is supported by the tunnel inner wall in point or surface contact and a transverse support beam 112 disposed inside the arc-shaped support beam 111; wherein, a first top support component 114 is fixed to each end of the transverse support beam 112, and the channel is formed between the two first top support components 114, the transverse support beam 112 and the lower support assembly 12.

[0082] The curved support beam 111 can be in direct contact with the tunnel wall (i.e., surface contact), or it can be supported at multiple points by setting point-like support parts on the curved support beam 111. There are no restrictions, and the configuration can be selected according to actual needs. The transverse support beam 112 makes the structure of the curved support beam 111 more stable and facilitates the installation of the first top support component 114. The two first top support components 114 can provide better support.

[0083] Specifically, the arc-shaped support beam 111 supports the tunnel inner wall through point contact; multiple support points are evenly distributed along the outer arc of the arc-shaped support beam 111, and each support point is equipped with a support block 116. Each support point provides support at equal intervals in a counterclockwise direction along the outer arc, for example, five support points are arranged from right to left, at 0°, 45°, 90°, 135° and 180° respectively, which makes the support more effective.

[0084] To make the first support component 114 more stable, a plurality of fixing stiffeners 115 are detachably connected between the first support component 114 and the arc-shaped support beam 111 on the corresponding side.

[0085] In other embodiments, the arc-shaped support beam 111 may include a semi-circular I-beam 1111 and arc-shaped side sealing plates 1112 fixed on the front and rear sides of the I-beam 1111 to form a box-shaped structure, which can improve its rigidity. The arc-shaped side sealing plates 1112 on both sides can play a shear resistance role; otherwise, the two support points on the left and right sides would not be able to exert force.

[0086] In this way, using I-beams to make the arc-shaped support beam 111 not only provides reliable strength, but also makes it easy to source materials, lowers costs, and reduces manufacturing difficulty. Furthermore, by adding arc-shaped side and top sealing plates, the arc-shaped support beam 111 is less prone to accumulating dirt and grime, making the overall structure more stable and stronger.

[0087] In the specific implementation process, two oblique support beams 118 are symmetrically provided on the inner side of the arc-shaped support beam 111. The oblique support beams 118 can improve the stability of the arc-shaped support beam 111 structure and increase the support strength.

[0088] In some applications, tunnel support components are used for tunnels up to 6 meters in diameter. When supporting large-diameter tunnels of 6-16 meters, please refer to... Figure 3 As shown, the arc-shaped support beam 111 includes at least two arc-shaped beams 1113 that are detachably connected in sequence. The transverse support beam 112 includes a main support beam 1122 and end support beams 1121 connected to the arc-shaped beams 1113 on both sides. The end support beams 1121 are detachably connected to the main support beam 1122. Each arc-shaped beam is detachably connected to the main support beam with at least one second top support component 14. Correspondingly, the size of the lower support assembly is also changed and matched to improve the support force of the entire structure. Furthermore, more transverse support beams can be added longitudinally for support. That is, by simply increasing the number of transverse support beams and vertical support cylinders and flanges, the support of large-diameter and ultra-large-diameter tunnels can be achieved, and the problem of ultra-long and ultra-wide support trolleys during transportation can also be met. This is a significant advantage over existing support trolleys.

[0089] Please continue to refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown in the embodiments of this application, the lower support assembly 12 may include a support base 121 and abutting support members 124 abutting against both sides of the support base 121. The abutting support members 124 and the support base 121 form a semi-circular support structure that fits against the inner wall of the tunnel being supported. The upper support assembly 11 is provided with abutting cylinders 119 at both ends in the circumferential direction. The abutting support member 124 has a first abutting part 127 at the end near the abutting cylinder that abuts against the abutting cylinder 119. The upper support assembly 11 is connected to the support base 121 through the first top support member 114.

[0090] The lower support assembly 12 mainly consists of an abutment support member 124 and a support base 121. The support base 121 can be connected to the first top support member 114 via connecting legs 122. The abutment support member 124 can be installed on both sides of the support base 124, and pressure is applied to it by a clamping cylinder 119, which stabilizes it into a semi-circular support structure. Since the abutment support member 124 also fits against the tunnel wall, when the clamping cylinder 119 applies longitudinal force, its arc-shaped structure will cause it to clamp against the support base 121 through a component force, thus achieving stability. This allows for easy disassembly while providing a high level of support. Of course, the clamping cylinder 119 can also be set with a certain inclination to increase the component force it generates on the abutment support member 124, making the overall structure more stable and facilitating transportation within the tunnel while meeting the force requirements.

[0091] Specifically, the support base 121 has a second abutment portion 123 on each side, and the abutment support member 124 has a third abutment portion 125 at the end opposite to the first abutment portion 127. The third abutment portion 125 abuts and engages with the second abutment portion 123 to make the lower support assembly 12 detachable. Both the second abutment portion 123 and the second abutment portion 123 are mutually abutting planes, which results in a larger working area and greater stability.

[0092] Please refer to Figures 4-10 As shown, embodiments of this application can also provide a detachable and transportable tunnel support system, including a transport vehicle 2 and multiple sets of detachable and transportable tunnel support components 1 as described in any of the above technical solutions; the transport vehicle 2 includes a vehicle body 21, the vehicle body 21 is provided with a lifting drive component 23, the top of the lifting drive component 23 is connected to a rotation drive component 24, the rotation drive component 24 has a connecting mating part for detachable connection with the transport connection part 113, so that the upper support component 11 can be rotated by a first angle, the first angle being 45°-135°.

[0093] The lifting drive component 23 of the transfer vehicle 2 can adjust the height of the rotating drive component 24. Because the height of the upper support component 11 connected to it can be adjusted, its height during the transfer process can be adjusted to allow for transfer at a more convenient height, and also facilitates installation after transfer. The rotating drive component 24 can rotate about its longitudinal axis, or rather, about the axial direction of the lifting drive component 23. After it is connected to the transfer connection part 113 of the upper support component 11 through the connecting fitting part, it can rotate at an angle between 45° and 135° to facilitate better passage in tunnels.

[0094] In a preferred embodiment of the rotary drive component 24, the rotary drive component 24 includes a slewing bearing 244, a third connecting flange 242, a fourth connecting flange 241, and a linear drive component 243; wherein, the inner ring of the slewing bearing 244 is connected to the third connecting flange 242 located at the drive end of the lifting drive component 23, and the outer ring of the slewing bearing 244 is connected to the fourth connecting flange 241, the fourth connecting flange 241 is parallel to the third connecting flange 242, and the fourth connecting flange 241 is used to connect to the transfer connection part 113; one end of the linear drive component 243 is hinged to the first hinge point of the third connecting flange 242, and the other end is hinged to the second hinge point of the fourth connecting flange 241, and the linear drive component 243 is eccentrically arranged so as to rotate the upper support assembly 11 connected to the fourth connecting flange 241 by the first angle.

[0095] In this way, the third connecting flange 242 can rotate relative to the fourth connecting flange 241 via the slewing bearing 244, and under the drive of the eccentrically arranged linear drive component 243, the fourth connecting flange 241 can rotate within a certain angle range, specifically a first angle within the range of 45°-135°. This allows for attitude adjustment of the upper support component, facilitating its movement within the tunnel. Specifically, the hinged connection is achieved through hinge shafts located at the corresponding hinge points.

[0096] In the specific implementation process, the transfer connection part 113 is the fifth connecting flange, which is adapted to the fourth connecting flange 241; the first angle is 90°. After the upper support assembly 11 rotates 90°, its length direction is parallel to the length direction of the tunnel, which facilitates its transfer in the tunnel, and the connection via flange is also more convenient. Figure 6 The rotation proceeds from point N to point N1. The linear drive component 243 is located outside the slewing bearing 244, and the size of the third connecting flange 242 can be set to be larger than that of the fourth connecting flange 241.

[0097] It should be noted that the transfer car 2 has a walking mechanism 22, which can travel on the track 3 inside the tunnel support component 1. The track 3 is installed on the support base 121 and extends all the way into the station. In the non-support trolley area, these tracks 3 are laid on the sleepers 4 and are a supporting transportation system during shield tunneling.

[0098] Please refer to Figure 8 and Figure 9 As shown, when the upper support assembly 11 inside the tunnel needs to be... Figure 8 When moving from position A to position B for support, the support base 121 needs to be installed in position B beforehand, and the track 3 for the transport vehicle 2 to travel on needs to be continuous and unobstructed. In actual construction, the support base 121 is required more than the other components. The transport vehicle 2 stops below the support assembly 11 at position A. After supporting the upper support assembly 11, the fourth connecting flange 241 of the transport vehicle 2 is connected to the fifth connecting flange, while the first connecting flange 117 is disconnected from the second connecting flange 126. The first top support component 114 is then fully retracted. At this point, the lifting drive component 23 of the transport vehicle 2 is lowered, and the upper support assembly 11 is rotated 90 degrees to transport the transport vehicle 2 to... Figure 9Position B, then rotate the upper support assembly 11 90 degrees, and connect the first connecting flange 117 on the first top support component 114 to the second connecting flange 126 of the support base 121 at position B. Then disconnect the flange connection between the transfer trolley and the transverse support beam 112, and open the hydraulic cylinder of the first top support component 114. In this way, the upper support assembly 11 after transfer and the lower support assembly 12 at this position will perform the function of supporting the tunnel at position B. The transfer work is completed, that is, the new tunnel support system has completed the support.

[0099] The quantity and spacing of tunnel support components 1 are determined according to actual needs. For example, some projects require support for tunnels with a length three times that of the main shield machine, and each ring of tunnel segments requires one support trolley.

[0100] To improve safety, a protective rope attachment point 13 can be installed on the inner side of the top of the arc-shaped support beam. The steel wire rope can be easily connected through the protective rope attachment point 13. This steel wire rope is hung on the tunnel segment to prevent the tunnel support trolley, i.e. the tunnel support assembly, from tipping over when the top support cylinder loses pressure. Similarly, the hydraulic pipelines and joints of the support cylinder should use high-quality materials and good manufacturing processes to eliminate the major risk of oil leakage and support pressure loss.

[0101] Please refer to 8-10. Embodiments of this application also provide a method for transporting overlapping tunnel supports, based on a detachable and transportable tunnel support system according to any of the above technical solutions, comprising the following steps:

[0102] Step S1: Install multiple sets of detachable and transportable tunnel support components 1 sequentially at each tunnel location requiring support in the downlink tunnel according to the design, until the arrangement length of the tunnel support components 1 meets the requirements of shield tunneling construction. At this point, the construction of the uplink tunnel can begin.

[0103] Step S2: During the construction of the up-going tunnel, the tunnel support assembly 1 in the down-going tunnel is moved to extend it;

[0104] The step of extending the tunnel support assembly 1 in the down tunnel during the construction of the up tunnel includes the following steps:

[0105] Step S21: Position the transfer vehicle 2 directly below the transfer connection part 113 of the tunnel support assembly 1 to be transferred, and connect the transfer connection part 113 to the transfer vehicle 2.

[0106] Step S22: Disconnect the lower support component from the first top support component 114 and from the clamping cylinder 119 to the abutting support component 124, and retract the first top support component 114;

[0107] Step S23: Move the transfer vehicle 2 to an empty space in the adjacent tunnel, and then rotate the upper support assembly 11 connected to the transfer vehicle 2 from the initial state to the transfer state by the linear drive component 243, making it easy to transfer in the tunnel.

[0108] Step S24: The upper support assembly 11 is transferred to the next position to be supported and the lower support assembly 12 is arranged using the transfer vehicle 2. The upper support assembly 11 connected to the transfer vehicle 2 is rotated to its initial state. In the initial state, the upper support assembly 11 is moved upward and close to the inner wall of the tunnel by the lifting support component of the transfer vehicle 2. Then, the first top support component 114 is connected to the lower support component, and the connection between the transfer vehicle 2 and the upper support assembly 11 is released. In this step, it is possible to first transfer it to the vicinity of the target position, then rotate it back to its original position, and then transfer it to the target position. This makes the operation easier and avoids interference between tunnel components.

[0109] Step S25: Operate the first top support component 114 to support the upper support component 11 and the connected lower support component 12 in the tunnel.

[0110] Furthermore, in step S1, multiple sets of detachable and transportable tunnel support components 1 are sequentially installed at each tunnel location requiring support within the downlink tunnel, as designed, until the arrangement length of the tunnel support components 1 meets the requirements of shield tunneling construction. At this point, construction of the uplink tunnel can begin, including the following methods:

[0111] Step S11: Assemble the upper support assembly 11 of the detachable and transportable tunnel support assembly 1, so that the first top support component 114 of the upper support assembly 11 is connected to the support base 121 of the lower support assembly 12, and transport it to the position to be supported in the tunnel by the transport vehicle 2.

[0112] Step S12: Install the abutment support 124 at the position to be supported, and make the two abutment support 124 tightly connected to the two sides of the support base 121 respectively.

[0113] Step S13: Apply pressure to the abutting support 124 by the abutting cylinder 119 of the upper support assembly 11. After the pressure of the abutting cylinder 119 meets the requirements, lock the abutting cylinder 119. At this time, the installation of the first set of tunnel support assemblies 1 is completed.

[0114] Step S14: Repeat the above steps to install multiple sets of tunnel support components 1 along the length of the tunnel until the arrangement length of the tunnel support components 1 meets the requirements of shield tunneling. At this point, the construction of the upward tunnel can begin.

[0115] When the support bases 121 at the front of the tunnel are insufficient, the support bases 121 at the rear of the tunnel need to be removed and then installed at the position in front of the tunnel that needs support. At the same time, sleepers 4 need to be laid in the rear of the tunnel, and then tracks 3 are laid on the sleepers 4. These tracks 3 are completely connected to the tracks 3 under the tunnel support components 1.

[0116] Finally, it should be noted that the above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A detachable and transportable tunnel support assembly, characterized in that: It includes an upper support assembly for supporting a portion of the inner wall of the tunnel in the circumferential direction and a lower support assembly for supporting another portion of the inner wall of the tunnel in the circumferential direction. The lower support assembly and the upper support assembly together constitute a support structure adapted to the shape of the tunnel. The upper support assembly is connected to the lower support assembly via at least one first support component. The first support component is detachably connected to the upper support assembly or the lower support assembly so that the upper support assembly and the lower support assembly can be detached from each other. A passage for a transfer vehicle to pass through is formed between the upper support assembly and the lower support assembly, and the upper support assembly is provided with a transfer connection part for detachable connection with the transfer vehicle so as to transfer the upper support assembly by the transfer vehicle. The first support component is disposed on the upper support assembly and located inside the upper support assembly. The first support component has a first connecting portion, and the lower support assembly has a second connecting portion that is detachably connected to the first connecting portion. The lower support assembly is provided with a track parallel to the tunnel length direction, and the transfer vehicle has a traveling mechanism adapted to the track. The lower support assembly includes a support base and abutting support members abutting against both sides of the support base. The abutting support members and the support base together form a semi-circular support structure that fits against the inner wall of the tunnel being supported. The upper support assembly is provided with abutting cylinders at both ends in the circumferential direction, and the abutting support member has a first abutting part at the end near the abutting cylinder that abuts and cooperates with the abutting cylinder; The upper support assembly is connected to the support base via the first top support component.

2. The detachable and transportable tunnel support assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first support component is a hydraulic cylinder, and the first connecting part includes a first connecting flange disposed at the driving end of the hydraulic cylinder; The second connection part includes a connecting leg disposed inside the lower support assembly and a second connecting flange disposed at the top of the connecting leg. The second connecting flange is connected to the first connecting flange by fasteners.

3. The detachable and transportable tunnel support assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper support assembly includes an arc-shaped support beam that supports the tunnel inner wall in point or surface contact and a transverse support beam disposed inside the arc-shaped support beam. Wherein, at least one of the first top support components is fixed at each end of the transverse support beam, and the channel is formed between the first top support component, the transverse support beam and the lower support assembly.

4. A detachable and transportable tunnel support assembly according to claim 3, characterized in that: The arc-shaped support beam supports the tunnel inner wall through point contact; The outer side of the arc-shaped support beam is provided with multiple support points evenly distributed along its arc-shaped outer edge, and each support point is provided with a support block.

5. A detachable and transportable tunnel support assembly according to claim 4, characterized in that: The first top support component is detachably connected to the corresponding arc-shaped support beam by multiple fixing ribs.

6. A detachable and transportable tunnel support assembly according to claim 3, characterized in that: The arc-shaped support beam includes a semi-circular I-beam, arc-shaped side sealing plates fixed on the front and rear sides of the I-beam, and a top sealing plate fixed between the outer edges of the two arc-shaped side sealing plates.

7. A detachable and transportable tunnel support assembly according to claim 3, characterized in that: The inner side of the arc-shaped support beam is also symmetrically provided with two oblique support beams.

8. A detachable and transportable tunnel support assembly according to claim 3, characterized in that: The tunnel support assembly is used in large-diameter tunnels; The arc-shaped support beam includes at least two arc-shaped beams that are detachably connected in sequence. The transverse support beam includes a main support beam and end support beams that are connected to the arc-shaped beams on both sides. The end support beams are detachably connected to the main support beam. Each of the arc-shaped beams is detachably connected to the main support beam by at least one second support component.

9. A detachable and transportable tunnel support assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support base is provided with a second abutment on each side, and the abutment support member is provided with a third abutment at the end opposite to the first abutment. The third abutment and the second abutment abut to engage, so that the lower support assembly can be disassembled.

10. A detachable and transportable tunnel support system, characterized in that: Includes a transfer vehicle and multiple sets of a detachable and transferable tunnel support assembly as described in any one of claims 1-9; The transfer vehicle includes a vehicle body, which is equipped with a lifting drive component. A rotation drive component is connected to the top of the lifting drive component. The rotation drive component has a connecting engagement part for detachable connection with the transfer connection part, so that the upper support component can be rotated by the rotation drive component at a first angle, the first angle being 45°-135°.

11. A detachable and transportable tunnel support system according to claim 10, characterized in that: The rotary drive component includes a slewing bearing, a third connecting flange, a fourth connecting flange, and a linear drive component; The inner ring of the slewing bearing is connected to the third connecting flange located at the drive end of the lifting drive component, and the outer ring of the slewing bearing is connected to the fourth connecting flange. The fourth connecting flange is parallel to the third connecting flange and is used to connect to the transfer connection part. One end of the linear drive component is hinged to the first hinge point of the third connecting flange, and the other end is hinged to the second hinge point of the fourth connecting flange. The linear drive component is eccentrically arranged so that the upper support assembly connected to the fourth connecting flange can be rotated by the first angle through the linear drive component.

12. A detachable and transportable tunnel support system according to claim 11, characterized in that: The transfer connection part is a fifth connecting flange, which is adapted to the fourth connecting flange; The first angle is 90°.

13. A method for transporting overlapping tunnel supports, based on a detachable and transportable tunnel support system as described in any one of claims 10-12, characterized in that: Including the following methods: In the down tunnel, multiple sets of detachable and transportable tunnel support components are installed sequentially at each tunnel location requiring support, as designed, until the length of the tunnel support components meets the requirements of shield tunneling. At this point, the construction of the up tunnel begins. During the construction of the up-going tunnel, the tunnel support components in the down-going tunnel are moved to extend the tunnel. The step of extending the tunnel support components within the down tunnel during the construction of the up tunnel includes the following steps: Position the transfer vehicle directly below the transfer connection of the tunnel support component to be transferred, and connect the transfer connection to the transfer vehicle. Disconnect the lower support component from the first top support component and from the clamping cylinder to the abutting support component, and retract the first top support component; The transfer vehicle is moved to an empty space in the adjacent tunnel, and then the upper support assembly connected to the transfer vehicle is rotated 45°-135° from its initial state to the transfer state through the linear drive component, making it easy to transfer within the tunnel. The upper support assembly is transported to the next position to be supported and the lower support assembly is set up by the transfer vehicle. The upper support assembly connected to the transfer vehicle is rotated to the initial state. In the initial state, the upper support assembly is moved upward and close to the inner wall of the tunnel by the lifting support component of the transfer vehicle. Then the first top support component is connected to the lower support component, and the connection between the transfer vehicle and the upper support assembly is disconnected. Operate the first support component to support the upper support assembly and the connected lower support assembly inside the tunnel.

14. The method for supporting and transporting overlapping tunnels according to claim 13, characterized in that: The procedure involves sequentially installing multiple sets of detachable and transportable tunnel support components at each tunnel location requiring support within the downlink tunnel, as designed, until the length of the tunnel support components meets the requirements for shield tunneling. Construction of the uplink tunnel then commences, including the following methods: Assemble the upper support assembly of the detachable and transportable tunnel support assembly, connect the first top support component of the upper support assembly to the support base of the lower support assembly, and transport it to the position to be supported inside the tunnel by a transport vehicle; Install the abutment support at the position to be supported, and ensure that the two abutment support are tightly connected to both sides of the support base; The clamping cylinder of the upper support assembly applies pressure to the abutting support component. After the pressure of the clamping cylinder meets the requirements, the clamping cylinder is locked, and the installation of the first set of tunnel support components is completed. Repeat the above steps to install multiple sets of tunnel support components along the length of the tunnel until the length of the tunnel support components meets the requirements of shield tunneling. At this point, the construction of the upward tunnel begins.

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