A supported condensing heat exchanger

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of bearing type condensing heat exchanger, including main cavity, the inside of the main cavity is divided into two chambers by a partition, the upper chamber side wall is provided with water inlet and water outlet, for making cooling water from upper chamber pass, the upper chamber higher than the part of cooling water liquid level is provided with smoke outlet, the lower chamber side wall is equipped with smoke inlet, the partition is densely covered with multiple exhaust small holes, for making the flue gas in lower chamber pass exhaust small hole into the cooling water of upper chamber, flue gas is discharged from smoke outlet after releasing waste heat by cooling water.The heat exchanger uses direct contact heat exchange, on the one hand, improves heat exchange efficiency, on the other hand, eliminates the intermediate heat conduction structure such as heat dissipation plate, heat dissipation pipe, avoids the material cost rising problem caused by setting multiple heat dissipation components.Improves heat exchange efficiency, reduces cost.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of heat exchanger technology, specifically a load-bearing condensing heat exchanger. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, industrial boilers have high moisture content in their flue gas during combustion, resulting in a significant amount of latent heat remaining unreleased. In existing power plants and small industrial boilers, the exhaust gas temperature is typically around 140 degrees Celsius, while that of combined heat and power (CHP) units is around 100 degrees Celsius. However, the condensation temperature of water vapor in the flue gas is generally around 50-60 degrees Celsius. This significant lack of utilization of latent heat in the flue gas leads to considerable energy waste.

[0003] If conventional condensing heat exchangers are used, they are mostly indirect-wall type, with a small temperature difference during condensation. Therefore, a larger heat exchange area is required, which necessitates a larger heat dissipation plate, increasing costs. Furthermore, since the condensed water is acidic and corrosive, only corrosion-resistant stainless steel can be used, further increasing costs. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem this invention aims to solve is to overcome the low efficiency of existing heat exchangers, which require large-area heat dissipation plates and result in excessively high material costs. This invention provides a load-bearing condensing heat exchanger that employs direct contact heat exchange. This improves heat exchange efficiency and eliminates the need for intermediate heat conduction structures such as heat dissipation plates, heat dissipation pipes, and heat dissipation fins, thus avoiding the increased material costs associated with multiple heat dissipation components. This improves heat exchange efficiency and reduces costs.

[0005] To achieve the above effects, the basic concept of the present invention is: a load-bearing condensing heat exchanger, characterized in that it includes a main cavity, the main cavity being divided into upper and lower chambers by a partition plate, the upper chamber having an inlet and an outlet on its side wall for allowing cooling water to pass through the upper chamber, an exhaust port on the top of the upper chamber, an inlet on the side wall of the lower chamber, and a plurality of exhaust holes densely distributed on the partition plate for allowing flue gas in the lower chamber to enter the cooling water in the upper chamber through the exhaust holes, exchange heat with the cooling water, and then be discharged from the exhaust port.

[0006] Furthermore, a baffle connected to the side wall and top wall is provided on the side of the upper chamber near the water outlet. The bottom of the baffle is set below the water outlet and submerged below the cooling water surface to prevent flue gas from entering the water outlet. The bottom of the baffle is spaced apart from the partition to ensure that cooling water can pass under the baffle.

[0007] Furthermore, a lower water outlet is provided on the lower side wall of the lower chamber, the lower water outlet is positioned higher than the smoke outlet, and the lower water outlet and the upper water outlet are located on the same side of the main chamber.

[0008] Furthermore, it also includes a water collection chamber, which is connected to the side wall of the main cavity and covers the water outlet and drain outlet on the side wall of the main cavity. It is connected to the upper chamber through the water outlet and to the lower chamber through the drain outlet. The lower part of the water collection chamber is provided with a hot water outlet.

[0009] Furthermore, it also includes an inlet pipe that penetrates into the water collection chamber, with the inlet of the inlet pipe positioned higher than the lower drain outlet, so that the water level in the water collection chamber is higher than the lower outlet.

[0010] Furthermore, the inlet pipe comprises multiple porous pipes connected in parallel, and the walls of the porous pipes are provided with multiple small holes.

[0011] Furthermore, an observation window is provided on the side wall of the water collection cavity, and a transparent glass plate or a transparent resin plate is installed on the observation window.

[0012] Furthermore, a drain outlet is provided at the bottom of the lower chamber.

[0013] Furthermore, the top of the upper chamber is a funnel-shaped structure that narrows upwards, and the exhaust port is located at the top of the upper chamber.

[0014] Furthermore, the heat exchanger is made of corrosion-resistant plastic, PP sheet, or corrosion-resistant 316 steel.

[0015] The above-described technical solution of the present invention has the following beneficial technical effects:

[0016] This device is a closed structure with direct contact between flue gas and water. The flue gas is at the bottom, and the cooling water is at the top, separated by a baffle plate. The baffle plate contains numerous densely packed small holes. In actual operation, this device is installed on the head side of the boiler induced draft fan. At this time, the flue gas is under positive pressure, which can be converted into a load-bearing capacity on the water. Due to the numerous densely packed small holes, a large surface tension is formed at the contact point between the water and the baffle plate, hindering the water flow downwards. Due to the flue gas pressure and surface tension, the water flow above the baffle plate will form a certain liquid level. As the flue gas rises, it exchanges heat with the water, reducing the flue gas temperature.

[0017] (1) It does not require heat exchange through intermediate heat transfer media such as heat sinks. The flue gas and cooling water are in direct contact, resulting in high heat exchange efficiency.

[0018] (2) It does not have a complex structure such as a heat sink, which greatly saves material costs. It only uses the shell and partition structure to achieve the heat exchange function. The structure is very simple and does not need to consider the thermal conductivity of the structural material. Therefore, it can be made of plastic material with poor thermal conductivity, which further reduces the cost. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a front view of the load-bearing condenser heat exchanger of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 This is a top view of the load-bearing condensation heat exchanger of the present invention;

[0021] Figure label:

[0022] 100, Main cavity; 200, Water collection cavity; 110, Upper chamber; 120, Lower chamber; 130, Partition; 131, Vent hole; 111, Water inlet; 112, Upper water outlet; 113, Smoke outlet; 114, Baffle; 121, Smoke inlet; 122, Lower water outlet; 123, Sewage outlet; 210, Hot water outlet; 220, Liquid inlet pipe; 221, Perforated pipe; 230, Observation window; 240, Sewage outlet. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The accompanying drawings illustrate a layer structure according to an embodiment of the present invention. These drawings are not to scale, and some details have been enlarged for clarity, and some details may have been omitted. The shapes of the various regions and layers shown in the drawings, as well as their relative sizes and positional relationships, are merely exemplary and may deviate from reality due to manufacturing tolerances or technical limitations. Furthermore, those skilled in the art can design regions / layers with different shapes, sizes, and relative positions as needed.

[0024] Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention. In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0025] Furthermore, the technical features involved in the different embodiments of the present invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0026] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments and the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that these descriptions are merely exemplary and not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Furthermore, descriptions of well-known structures and techniques are omitted in the following description to avoid unnecessarily obscuring the concept of the invention.

[0027] In existing technologies, heat exchangers typically require structures such as heat dissipation plates or heat pipes to isolate high-temperature and low-temperature media, and heat exchange occurs through intermediate heat-conducting structures like these plates or pipes. Because of this reliance on these intermediate structures, the heat exchange rate is slow and the efficiency is low. To improve heat exchange performance, the contact area of ​​the heat-conducting structure must be increased, which inevitably leads to increased material usage and higher costs, making it impossible to achieve low-cost, high-efficiency heat exchange.

[0028] Based on this problem, the inventors of this invention considered using a direct contact heat exchange method to achieve the heat exchange function, which can avoid setting up heat dissipation plates and heat dissipation pipes, thereby reducing the cost of the heat exchanger.

[0029] See Figure 1 and Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention, providing a load-bearing condensing heat exchanger, including a main cavity 100. The main cavity 100 is divided into upper and lower chambers by a partition 130. The upper chamber 110 has an inlet 111 and an outlet 112 on its side wall for allowing cooling water to pass through. The portion of the upper chamber above the cooling water level has a flue gas outlet 113. The lower chamber 120 has a flue gas inlet 121 on its side wall. The partition 130 is densely covered with multiple exhaust holes 131 for allowing flue gas in the lower chamber 120 to enter the cooling water in the upper chamber 110 through the exhaust holes 131. After the flue gas releases residual heat through the cooling water, it is discharged from the exhaust port 113.

[0030] The working principle of the above structure is as follows: First, the flue gas enters the lower chamber 120 of the heat exchanger through the flue gas inlet 121, and the cooling water enters the upper chamber 110 through the water inlet 111 above the partition. The upper and lower spaces are separated by a partition 130 with dense exhaust holes 131. Because the diameter of the exhaust holes 131 on the partition 130 is very small, the cooling water falls into the lower chamber 120 from the exhaust holes 131 at a very slow speed. At the same time, due to the positive pressure of the flue gas in the lower chamber 120, the gravity of the cooling water is counteracted. Under the push of the flue gas, most of the cooling water in the exhaust holes 131 remains above the partition 130 and forms a certain liquid level. A very small amount of cooling water falls into the lower chamber 120 from the exhaust holes 131. High-temperature flue gas continuously enters the cooling water through the exhaust port 131 and comes into direct contact with the cooling water, heating the cooling water with extremely high heat exchange efficiency. Simultaneously, the flue gas temperature decreases. The heat-exchanged flue gas is discharged through the exhaust port 113 in the upper chamber, while the heated cooling water flows out from the outlet 112. This achieves highly efficient heat exchange between the flue gas and water.

[0031] The cooling water is heated, and the high-temperature flue gas comes into direct contact with the cooling water as it passes through. After heat exchange, the flue gas is discharged into the flue and transported to the chimney through exhaust port 113. The cooling water, after heat exchange, is discharged through upper outlet 112. It should be noted that the upper outlet 112 should be set at a certain distance above the baffle 130 to allow the cooling water on the baffle to accumulate to a certain depth, thereby ensuring sufficient contact and heat exchange between the flue gas and the cooling water.

[0032] In one embodiment, a baffle 114 connected to the side wall and top wall is provided on the side of the upper chamber near the water outlet. The bottom of the baffle is submerged below the cooling water surface to block flue gas from entering the water outlet. The bottom of the baffle is spaced apart from the partition 130 to allow cooling water to pass under the baffle.

[0033] The purpose of setting up baffle 114 is to prevent flue gas from entering the heat exchanger passage through the upper outlet 112. As cooling water enters the upper chamber from the inlet 111, the cooling water level on the baffle 130 continuously rises until it is level with the upper outlet 112. Since the cooling water level will never be higher than the upper outlet 112, flue gas can leak into the heat exchanger passage through the upper outlet 112. To prevent flue gas from entering the heat exchanger passage, a baffle 114 is installed. The bottom of the baffle 114 is lower than the upper outlet 112 and is submerged in cooling water. This objectively forms a water seal structure at the front end of the upper outlet 112, allowing cooling water to pass through while preventing flue gas leakage.

[0034] It should be noted that the baffle 114 is provided to optimize the heat exchanger's performance. Even without the baffle 114, the cooling water and flue gas can still exchange heat normally. Therefore, the baffle 114 is not a limitation on the technical solution of this application. In actual working conditions, the baffle 114 may not be provided as needed.

[0035] In one embodiment, a lower water outlet 121 is provided on the lower part of the side wall of the lower chamber, and the lower water outlet 122 and the upper water outlet 112 are located on the same side of the main cavity. During the operation of the heat exchanger, due to the positive pressure of the flue gas in the lower chamber 120, most of the cooling water will remain above the baffle 130 and form a certain liquid level. However, a small amount of cooling water will still fall into the lower chamber 120 from the exhaust hole 131. Therefore, the cooling water in the lower chamber must be discharged in time; otherwise, excessive accumulation of cooling water will enter the flue gas inlet 121, causing the equipment to malfunction. Therefore, a lower water outlet 122 is provided at the bottom of the lower chamber, and the lower water outlet 122 should be set lower than the flue gas inlet 121 to avoid the cooling water level in the lower chamber from flowing back into the flue gas inlet 121 due to excessive heat. At the same time, in order to facilitate the collection of the cooling water after heat exchange, the lower water outlet 122 and the upper water outlet 112 are located on the same side for easy collection of the cooled water after heat exchange.

[0036] In one embodiment, a water collection chamber 200 is further included. The water collection chamber 200 is connected to the side wall of the main cavity 100 and covers the upper outlet 112 and lower outlet 122 of the main cavity side wall. The water collection chamber 200 is used to collect the cooling water discharged from the upper and lower chambers, converging the two streams of cooling water after heat exchange, and ultimately merging them into the hot water exchange channel. The water collection chamber 200 is connected to the upper chamber 110 through the upper outlet 112 and to the lower chamber 120 through the lower outlet 122. The two streams of cooling water after heat exchange flow into the water collection chamber through the upper outlet 112 and the lower outlet 122, and after converging at the bottom of the water collection chamber, are discharged from the hot water exchange outlet 210 at the lower part of the water collection chamber 200. The hot water exchange outlet 210 should be set higher than the lower outlet 121 to ensure that the water level in the water collection chamber is higher than the lower outlet 122, thereby preventing flue gas from entering the water collection chamber from the lower outlet 121. In one embodiment, an inlet pipe 220 is also included. The inlet pipe 220 extends into the water collection chamber 200, and its inlet is positioned higher than the lower outlet 122, ensuring that the water level in the water collection chamber is higher than that at the lower outlet 122. The function of the inlet pipe 220 is to connect to an external neutralization device. Because the flue gas contains acidic oxides such as sulfur dioxide, it can make the hot water exchanger acidic. Therefore, it is necessary to introduce a certain amount of alkaline substance externally for neutralization to ensure that the environment remains neutral.

[0037] In one embodiment, the inlet pipe 220 comprises multiple parallel pipes, each of which is a porous pipe structure with multiple small holes. The porous structure allows the alkaline substance delivered by the inlet pipe to fully contact the acidic solution, accelerating the acid-base neutralization process. In another embodiment, an observation window 230 is also provided on the side wall of the water collection chamber 200, and a transparent glass plate or a transparent resin plate is mounted on the observation window.

[0038] The observation window 230 allows staff to easily monitor the internal workings of the heat exchanger in real time, enabling them to understand the equipment's status and address issues promptly. For example, blockages at the upper or lower water outlet, gas escaping from either outlet, or internal structural damage can all be observed immediately. This allows for timely adjustments to parameters such as the flue gas inlet velocity and cooling water flow rate within the heat exchanger. Because the flue gas is corrosive, corrosion-resistant glass or transparent resin is used as the material for the observation window 230.

[0039] like Figure 1 and 2As shown, a drain outlet 123 is also provided at the bottom of the lower chamber. A drain outlet 240 is also provided at the bottom of the water collection chamber. Since the flue gas contains dust, soot, and other impurities, these impurities will mix into the cooling water during the heat exchange process and settle at the bottom of the heat exchanger. Therefore, if the hot water is discharged directly from the hot water outlet 210, it will inevitably contain many impurities, which will affect the smooth flow of the hot water pipeline over time. Therefore, this application considers providing a drain outlet 123 at the bottom of the lower chamber. A drain outlet 240 is also provided at the bottom of the water collection chamber.

[0040] In some embodiments, the top of the upper chamber 110 is a funnel-shaped structure that narrows upwards, and the flue gas outlet 113 is located at the top of the upper chamber 110. The funnel-shaped structure of the upper chamber facilitates the collection and rapid discharge of flue gas. After heat exchange with water, the flue gas enters the flue through the flange of the flue gas outlet 113 and is then transported to the chimney.

[0041] Furthermore, the heat exchanger is constructed entirely of corrosion-resistant plastic, PP sheet, or corrosion-resistant 316 steel. The PP sheet material provides a temperature resistance of approximately 100 degrees Celsius and is corrosion-resistant, fully meeting the requirements of a condensing heat exchanger. Plastic welding is used for connection, minimizing costs. Alternatively, acid and alkali-resistant 316 steel can be used, manufactured via welding, but this would be more expensive.

[0042] It should be understood that the specific embodiments described above are merely illustrative or explanatory of the principles of the invention and do not constitute a limitation thereof. Therefore, any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention should be included within the protection scope of the invention. Furthermore, the appended claims are intended to cover all variations and modifications falling within the scope and boundaries of the appended claims, or equivalent forms of such scope and boundaries.

Claims

1. A load-bearing condensing heat exchanger, characterized in that, The device includes a main chamber, which is divided into upper and lower chambers by a partition. The upper chamber (110) has a water inlet (111) and an upper water outlet (112) on its side wall to allow cooling water to pass through. The top of the upper chamber has a smoke exhaust port, and the side wall of the lower chamber has a smoke inlet. The partition is densely covered with multiple small exhaust holes to allow the flue gas in the lower chamber to enter the cooling water in the upper chamber through the exhaust holes, exchange heat with the cooling water, and then be discharged from the smoke exhaust port.

2. The load-bearing condensing heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that, The upper chamber is equipped with a baffle connected to the side wall and the top wall on the side near the water outlet. The bottom of the baffle is set below the water outlet and submerged below the cooling water surface to prevent flue gas from entering the water outlet. The bottom of the baffle is spaced apart from the partition to ensure that cooling water can pass under the baffle.

3. The load-bearing condensing heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lower chamber is provided with a lower water outlet, which is set higher than the smoke inlet. The lower water outlet and the upper water outlet are located on the same side of the main chamber.

4. The load-bearing condensing heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a water collection chamber, which is connected to the side wall of the main cavity and covers the water outlet and drain outlet on the side wall of the main cavity. It is connected to the upper chamber through the water outlet and to the lower chamber through the drain outlet. The lower part of the water collection chamber is provided with a hot water outlet.

5. The load-bearing condensing heat exchanger according to claim 4, characterized in that, It also includes an inlet pipe that penetrates into the water collection chamber. The inlet of the inlet pipe is set higher than the lower drain outlet so that the water level in the water collection chamber is higher than the lower outlet, which is used to prevent flue gas from entering the water collection chamber from the lower outlet.

6. The load-bearing condensing heat exchanger according to claim 5, characterized in that, The inlet pipe comprises multiple porous pipes connected in parallel, and the walls of the porous pipes are provided with multiple small holes.

7. The load-bearing condensing heat exchanger according to claim 4, characterized in that, An observation window is provided on the side wall of the water collection chamber, and a transparent glass plate or a transparent resin plate is installed on the observation window.

8. The load-bearing condensing heat exchanger according to claim 3, characterized in that, The bottom of the lower chamber is also provided with a drain outlet.

9. The load-bearing condensing heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that, The top of the upper chamber is a funnel-shaped structure that narrows upwards, and the exhaust port is located at the top of the upper chamber.

10. The load-bearing condensing heat exchanger according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, The heat exchanger is made of corrosion-resistant plastic, PP sheet, or corrosion-resistant 316 steel.

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