Roof waterproofing structure

Abstract

This invention discloses a roof waterproofing structure, including a base layer, eaves gutters, and a parapet wall. The base layer is provided with, from bottom to top, a first insulation layer, a first waterproofing layer, a second insulation layer, a first protective layer, and a decorative layer. The top surface of the first insulation layer has multiple protrusions spaced along its width, and each protrusion has at least one first groove on each side. Both the protrusions and the first grooves are arranged along the length of the first insulation layer. The first waterproofing layer comprises multiple waterproof membrane sheets, with adjacent sheets overlapping each other at the protrusions and fixed within the first grooves by a first fixing component. This invention has advantages such as good waterproofing effect and long service life.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of building waterproofing. More specifically, this invention relates to a roof waterproofing structure. Background Technology

[0002] The roof is the topmost protective and load-bearing structure of a building, primarily serving to shield it from wind and rain; therefore, roof waterproofing is of paramount importance. Existing roof waterproofing structures generally include a base layer, an insulation layer, a waterproofing layer, a protective layer, and a decorative layer. The waterproofing layer is typically formed by multiple overlapping pieces of waterproof membrane, while the protective layer is cast-in-place concrete.

[0003] Regarding the aforementioned existing technologies, firstly, most existing roofs are flat roofs, and when waterproof membranes are overlapped in a staggered manner on a flat surface, gaps are easily formed at the overlaps, resulting in poor waterproofing performance. Secondly, the protective layer is in direct contact with the waterproof layer, and due to the thermal expansion and contraction of cast-in-place concrete, the waterproof layer is prone to tearing and cracking, affecting the waterproofing effect. Summary of the Invention

[0004] One object of the present invention is to provide a roof waterproofing structure to solve the above-mentioned problems.

[0005] To achieve the objectives and other advantages of this invention, a roof waterproofing structure is provided, including a base layer, eaves gutters, and a parapet wall. The base layer is provided with, from bottom to top, a first insulation layer, a first waterproofing layer, a second insulation layer, a first protective layer, and a decorative layer. The top surface of the first insulation layer has multiple protrusions spaced along its width, and each protrusion has at least one first groove on each side. Both the protrusions and the first grooves are arranged along the length of the first insulation layer. The first waterproofing layer comprises multiple waterproof membrane sheets, with adjacent waterproof membrane sheets overlapping each other at the protrusions and fixed within the first grooves by a first fixing component.

[0006] Preferably, in the roof waterproofing structure, the top surface of the first insulation layer is provided with a plurality of second grooves at intervals along its width direction. The second grooves are parallel to and alternate with the protrusions. A guide pipe is installed in the second groove. A plurality of guide holes are provided at intervals on the upper side wall of the guide pipe. The two ends of the guide pipe are connected to the eaves gutter. The first waterproofing layer is installed between the concave surface of the second groove and the guide pipe.

[0007] Preferably, in the roof waterproofing structure, the first fixing component includes a first plate and a second plate arranged along the length direction of the first groove. One side of the first plate is provided with a first protrusion that mates with the concave surface of the first groove, and the other opposite side of the first plate is provided with a third groove recessed into the first protrusion. One side of the second plate is provided with a second protrusion that mates with the concave surface of the third groove. In this case, one of the two adjacent waterproof membrane rolls is engaged between the concave surface of the first groove and the protrusion of the first plate, and the other is engaged between the concave surface of the third groove and the protrusion of the second plate.

[0008] Preferably, in the roof waterproofing structure, the angle between the first panel and one of the waterproof membranes, and the angle between the second panel and the other waterproof membrane, are filled with sealant.

[0009] Preferably, in the roof waterproofing structure, a second waterproof layer and a second protective layer are sequentially provided in the eaves gutter from bottom to top. One side of the second waterproof layer overlaps with the adjacent side of the first waterproof layer vertically, and the second waterproof layer is located on the side close to the first insulation layer. The other opposite side of the second waterproof layer extends upward and fits against the middle of the parapet wall. The second protective layer is located on the second waterproof layer and covers one side and the other opposite side of the second waterproof layer.

[0010] Preferably, in the roof waterproofing structure, a fourth groove is provided on the inner wall of the parapet wall along its circumference. The side wall of the fourth groove near the eaves gutter is an inclined wall, which slopes towards the eaves gutter. The second insulation layer extends out of the opposite side of the second waterproof layer and fits against the inclined wall. A baffle is provided on the side wall of the fourth groove away from the eaves gutter. The baffle includes a third plate and a fourth plate connected at an obtuse angle. The third plate is fixed to the fourth groove by a second fixing component. The angle between the baffle and the parapet wall, and the angle between the end face of the second insulation layer and the second waterproof layer, are filled with sealant.

[0011] Preferably, in the roof waterproofing structure, the second fixing component includes an expansion bolt with a fifth groove recessed inward at its head, a stud threaded into the fifth groove, and a pressure plate hinged to the free end of the stud.

[0012] Preferably, in the roof waterproofing structure, the transition surface between the first groove and the protrusion, the transition surface between the second groove and the first insulation layer, and the transition surface between the inner wall and the top surface of the first panel are all curved surfaces.

[0013] Preferably, in the roof waterproofing structure, the second insulation layer is filled with ceramsite, and the particle size of the ceramsite is larger than the pore size of the drainage holes.

[0014] The present invention has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0015] This invention adds multiple protrusions to the first insulation layer and first grooves on both sides of the protrusions. Adjacent waterproof membrane sheets from the first waterproof layer are overlapped at the protrusions and fixed within the first grooves, ensuring a tight fit between the two sheets and the protrusions, preventing gaps and improving waterproofing. Furthermore, by adding a second insulation layer between the first waterproof layer and the first protective layer, which not only levels the first waterproof layer but also prevents direct contact, the first waterproof layer is less affected by thermal expansion and contraction of the first protective layer, reducing the likelihood of cracks and further improving the roof's waterproofing performance and service life.

[0016] Other advantages, objectives and features of the present invention will become apparent in part from the following description, and in part from those skilled in the art through study and practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a top view schematic diagram of a roof waterproofing structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure along the AA direction;

[0019] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 A magnified structural diagram of part A in the middle;

[0020] Figure 4 yes Figure 2 A magnified structural diagram of part B in the middle;

[0021] Figure 5 yes Figure 2 A magnified structural diagram of part C in the middle;

[0022] Figure 6 yes Figure 2 A magnified schematic diagram of the local structure of D. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the embodiments and accompanying drawings, so that those skilled in the art can implement it based on the description.

[0024] It should be understood that terms such as “having,” “comprising,” and “including” as used herein do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other elements or combinations thereof.

[0025] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the experimental methods described in the following embodiments are all conventional methods, and the reagents and materials described are all commercially available unless otherwise specified. In the description of this invention, the terms "lateral", "longitudinal", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", and "outer" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0026] like Figures 1-6 As shown, the present invention provides a roof waterproofing structure, including a base layer 1, an eaves gutter 2, and a parapet wall 3. The base layer 1 is provided with a first insulation layer 4, a first waterproofing layer 5, a second insulation layer 6, a first protective layer 7, and a decorative layer 8 from bottom to top. The top surface of the first insulation layer 4 is provided with a plurality of protrusions 9 spaced apart along its width. Each protrusion 9 is provided with at least one first groove on both sides. The protrusions 9 and the first grooves are both arranged along the length direction of the first insulation layer 4. The first waterproofing layer 5 includes a plurality of waterproof membranes. Two adjacent waterproof membranes are staggered and overlapped at the protrusions 9 and fixed in the first grooves by a first fixing component.

[0027] In this embodiment, the roof waterproofing structure includes a base layer, eaves gutters, and a parapet wall. The base layer provides support, and the eaves gutters are located around the perimeter of the base layer near the parapet wall. Floor drains are installed within the eaves gutters and are connected to drainage pipes for roof drainage. The parapet wall is built along the edge of the roof to improve its safety. From bottom to top, the base layer consists of a first insulation layer, a first waterproof layer, a second insulation layer, a first protective layer, and a decorative layer. The first insulation layer is a prefabricated polystyrene board. Multiple protrusions are spaced along the width of the top surface of the first insulation layer. Each protrusion has at least one first groove on each side, preferably one, to reduce construction difficulty. The protrusions and first grooves are both arranged along the length of the first insulation layer and are prefabricated integrally with it. The first waterproof layer comprises multiple waterproof membrane sheets. The edges of adjacent waterproof membrane sheets overlap at the raised section, and the edge of each waterproof membrane sheet is fixed to one of the two first grooves of a raised section by a first fixing component. This increases the contact area between adjacent waterproof membrane sheets and ensures a tight fit between them, improving the waterproofing effect. The first fixing component includes, but is not limited to, screws. If screws are used, after fixing adjacent waterproof membrane sheets to the first grooves, the screw heads and the gaps between the screws and the waterproof membrane need to be sealed with sealant. The second insulation layer is either precast polystyrene board or expanded clay aggregate. The first protective layer is cast-in-place concrete. The decorative layer is ceramic tile, anti-corrosion flooring, or paint.

[0028] This invention adds multiple protrusions to the first insulation layer and first grooves on both sides of the protrusions. Adjacent waterproof membrane sheets from the first waterproof layer are overlapped at the protrusions and fixed within the first grooves, ensuring a tight fit between the two sheets and the protrusions, preventing gaps and improving waterproofing. Furthermore, by adding a second insulation layer between the first waterproof layer and the first protective layer, which not only levels the first waterproof layer but also prevents direct contact, the first waterproof layer is less affected by thermal expansion and contraction of the first protective layer, reducing the likelihood of cracks and further improving the roof's waterproofing performance and service life.

[0029] In another embodiment, the top surface of the first insulation layer 4 is provided with a plurality of second grooves at intervals along its width direction. The second grooves are parallel to and alternately arranged with the protrusions 9. A guide tube 10 is inserted in the second groove. A plurality of guide holes are provided at intervals on the upper side wall of the guide tube 10. The two ends of the guide tube 10 are connected to the eaves gutter 2. The first waterproof layer 5 is inserted between the concave surface of the second groove and the guide tube 10.

[0030] In this embodiment, the second groove and the protrusion are arranged parallel to each other and alternately, that is, arranged alternately in the manner of second groove, protrusion, second groove, protrusion; a guide pipe is installed in the second groove, and multiple guide holes are arranged at intervals on the upper side wall of the guide pipe. The two ends of the guide pipe are connected to the eaves gutter, and the guide pipe is located on the first waterproof layer, so that when the protective layer leaks, the water can be collected near the guide pipe under the action of the protrusion, and enter the guide pipe through the guide holes, and be discharged from the two ends of the guide pipe into the eaves gutter, so as to avoid water remaining on the first waterproof layer for a long time, corroding the waterproof layer, and causing the waterproof layer to fail.

[0031] In another embodiment, the first fixing component includes a first plate 11 and a second plate 12 disposed along the length direction of the first groove. One side of the first plate 11 is provided with a first protrusion that mates with the concave surface of the first groove, and the other opposite side of the first plate 11 is provided with a third groove recessed into the first protrusion. One side of the second plate 12 is provided with a second protrusion that mates with the concave surface of the third groove. In this embodiment, one of the two adjacent waterproof membranes is engaged between the concave surface of the first groove and the protrusion of the first plate 11, and the other is engaged between the concave surface of the third groove and the protrusion of the second plate 12.

[0032] In this embodiment, both the first groove and the third groove are arc-shaped structures. Through the cooperation of the first plate and the second plate, two adjacent waterproof membranes are clamped between the first groove and the first protrusion on the first plate, and the third groove on the first plate and the second protrusion on the second plate. The operation is simple, the connection is stable, and the waterproof membrane can be protected to avoid damage to the waterproof membrane due to excessive folding.

[0033] Furthermore, in order to increase the connection stability between the waterproof membrane and the first and second panels, anti-slip rubber pads are laid on the surfaces of both the first and second protrusions.

[0034] In another embodiment, the angle between the first plate 11 and one of the waterproof membranes, and the angle between the second plate 12 and the other waterproof membrane, are filled with sealant 13 to make the two adjacent waterproof membranes fit more tightly with the protrusion, while increasing the connection stability between the two adjacent waterproof membranes and the first groove and the first fixing component.

[0035] In another embodiment, a second waterproof layer 14 and a second protective layer 15 are sequentially provided in the eaves gutter 2 from bottom to top. One side of the second waterproof layer 14 overlaps the adjacent side of the first waterproof layer 5 vertically and is located near the first insulation layer 4. The other opposite side of the second waterproof layer 14 extends upward and fits against the middle of the parapet wall 3. The second protective layer 15 is located on the second waterproof layer 14 and covers one side and the other opposite side of the second waterproof layer 15.

[0036] In this embodiment, the second waterproof layer is a waterproof membrane, and the second protective layer is made of cement mortar and laid on top of the second waterproof layer to protect it. By overlapping one side of the second waterproof layer with the adjacent side of the first waterproof layer on the vertical sidewall of the eaves gutter in an alternating manner, with the second waterproof layer inside, and extending the other opposite side of the second waterproof layer upwards to fit against the middle of the parapet wall, the lower middle part of the eaves gutter and parapet wall are waterproofed, further improving the waterproofing effect of the roof.

[0037] Furthermore, to protect the waterproof membrane, the inside corners of the eaves gutter are filled with cement mortar to form an arc surface.

[0038] In another embodiment, a fourth groove 16 is provided on the inner wall of the parapet wall 3 along its circumference. The side wall of the fourth groove 16 near the eaves gutter 2 is an inclined wall, which slopes towards the eaves gutter 2. The second insulation layer 15 extends out of the other opposite side of the second waterproof layer 14 and fits against the inclined wall. A baffle is provided on the side wall of the fourth groove 16 away from the eaves gutter 2. The baffle includes a third plate 17 and a fourth plate 18 connected at an obtuse angle. The third plate 17 is fixed to the fourth groove 16 by a second fixing component. The angle between the baffle and the parapet wall 3, and the angle between the end face of the second insulation layer 6 and the second waterproof layer 14 are filled with sealant 13.

[0039] In this embodiment, the opposite side of the second waterproof layer is attached to the inclined wall of the fourth groove to increase the adhesion between the second waterproof layer and the parapet wall, preventing the second waterproof layer from detaching or curling relative to the parapet wall surface during the construction of the second protective layer. A baffle with an obtuse angle is fixed in the fourth groove to shield the connection surfaces between the second insulation layer and the second waterproof layer, as well as between the second waterproof layer and the parapet wall, preventing water from seeping in through the connection surfaces and compromising the waterproofing effect. Sealant is filled at the angle between the baffle and the parapet wall to seal the gap between the baffle and the parapet wall, preventing water from seeping in and corroding the second fixing component, and improving the connection stability between the baffle and the fourth groove. Sealant is also filled at the angle between the end face of the second insulation layer and the second waterproof layer to seal the gap between the connection surfaces of the second insulation layer and the second waterproof layer, as well as between the second waterproof layer and the parapet wall, further improving the waterproofing effect.

[0040] In another embodiment, the second fixing component includes an expansion bolt 19, the head of which is recessed inward and provided with a fifth groove 20, a stud 21 is threadedly connected to the fifth groove 20, and a pressure plate 22 is hinged to the free end of the stud 21.

[0041] In this embodiment, the third plate has a pre-drilled hole. During construction, a vertical hole is first drilled in the top of the fourth groove with an electric drill, and then an expansion bolt is fixed in the vertical hole. The third plate is then fixed to the expansion bolt through the hole. Finally, the stud is rotated to adjust the position of the pressure plate, so that the pressure plate presses the second waterproof layer tightly, further increasing the connection stability between the second waterproof layer and the parapet wall.

[0042] In another embodiment, the transition surface between the first groove and the protrusion 9, the transition surface between the second groove and the first insulation layer 4, and the transition surface between the inner wall and the top surface of the first plate 11 are all curved surfaces to protect the first waterproof layer and prevent the waterproof membrane from being damaged due to excessive folding.

[0043] In another embodiment, the second insulation layer 6 is filled with ceramsite, the particle size of which is larger than the pore size of the flow guide holes.

[0044] In this embodiment, the second insulation layer is filled with ceramsite. On the one hand, ceramsite has a certain water absorption capacity and can be cyclically adsorbed and desorbed. When the water seepage of the protective layer is small, the water will be directly adsorbed by the ceramsite, preventing water from seeping downwards and corroding the first waterproof layer. When the weather is fine, the water adsorbed by the ceramsite can evaporate under the action of heat. On the other hand, when the water seepage of the protective layer is large and exceeds the adsorption capacity of the ceramsite, the ceramsite will adsorb and purify the seeping water, reducing the corrosion of the first waterproof layer. At the same time, under the action of the protrusion, the water on the first waterproof layer will automatically collect in the guide pipe and enter the guide pipe through the guide hole, and be discharged from both ends of the guide pipe, preventing water from staying on the first waterproof layer for a long time and further improving the waterproof effect.

[0045] Furthermore, to prevent the ceramsite from scattering from the edges during the filling process, a limiting plate 23 is added around the second insulation layer 6. Preferably, the limiting plate 23 is a polystyrene board to improve the insulation performance of the second insulation layer.

[0046] The number of devices and processing scale described herein are for the purpose of simplifying the description of the invention. Applications, modifications, and variations of the roof waterproofing structure of this invention will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art.

[0047] Although embodiments of the present invention have been disclosed above, they are not limited to the applications listed in the specification and embodiments. They can be applied to various fields suitable for the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other modifications can be easily made. Therefore, without departing from the general concept defined by the claims and their equivalents, the present invention is not limited to the specific details and illustrations shown and described herein.

Claims

1. A roof waterproofing structure, including a base layer, eaves gutters, and parapet walls, characterized in that, The base layer is provided with, from bottom to top, a first insulation layer, a first waterproof layer, a second insulation layer, a first protective layer, and a decorative layer, wherein, The top surface of the first insulation layer is provided with a plurality of protrusions spaced apart along its width, and each protrusion is provided with at least one first groove on both sides. The protrusions and the first grooves are both arranged along the length direction of the first insulation layer. The first waterproof layer comprises multiple waterproof membranes, with adjacent waterproof membranes overlapping each other at the protrusion and fixed in the first groove by a first fixing component.

2. The roof waterproofing structure as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The top surface of the first insulation layer is also provided with a plurality of second grooves at intervals along its width direction. The second grooves are parallel to and alternate with the protrusions. A guide tube is installed in the second groove. A plurality of guide holes are provided at intervals on the upper side wall of the guide tube. The two ends of the guide tube are connected to the eaves gutter. The first waterproof layer is installed between the concave surface of the second groove and the guide tube.

3. The roof waterproofing structure as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The first fixing component includes a first plate and a second plate arranged along the length of the first groove. One side of the first plate is provided with a first protrusion that mates with the concave surface of the first groove. The other opposite side of the first plate is provided with a third groove recessed into the first protrusion. One side of the second plate is provided with a second protrusion that mates with the concave surface of the third groove. One of the two adjacent waterproof membranes is secured between the concave surface of the first groove and the first protrusion, and the other is secured between the concave surface of the third groove and the second protrusion.

4. The roof waterproofing structure as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The corners between the first plate and one of the waterproof membranes, and the corners between the second plate and the other waterproof membrane, are filled with sealant.

5. The roof waterproofing structure as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The eaves gutter is provided with a second waterproof layer and a second protective layer from bottom to top. One side of the second waterproof layer overlaps with the adjacent side of the first waterproof layer in an alternating manner, and the second waterproof layer is located on the side close to the first insulation layer. The other opposite side of the second waterproof layer extends upward and fits against the middle of the parapet wall. The second protective layer is located on top of the second waterproof layer and covers one side and the other opposite side of the second waterproof layer.

6. The roof waterproofing structure as described in claim 5, characterized in that, A fourth groove is provided on the inner wall of the parapet wall along its circumference. The side wall of the fourth groove near the eaves gutter is an inclined wall, which slopes towards the eaves gutter. The second insulation layer extends out of the opposite side of the second waterproof layer and fits against the inclined wall. A baffle is provided on the side wall of the fourth groove away from the eaves gutter. The baffle includes a third plate and a fourth plate connected at an obtuse angle. The third plate is fixed to the fourth groove by a second fixing component. The angle between the baffle and the parapet wall, as well as the angle between the end face of the second insulation layer and the second waterproof layer, are filled with sealant.

7. The roof waterproofing structure as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The second fixing component includes an expansion bolt with a fifth groove recessed inward at its head. A stud is threaded into the fifth groove, and a pressure plate is hinged to the free end of the stud.

8. The roof waterproofing structure as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The transition surface between the first groove and the protrusion, the transition surface between the second groove and the first insulation layer, and the transition surface between the inner wall and the top surface of the first plate are all arc surfaces.

9. The roof waterproofing structure as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The second insulation layer is filled with ceramsite, and the particle size of the ceramsite is larger than the pore size of the flow guide hole.

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