A kind of microbial beneficial live bacteria complete granular feed for ruminants to be fed around the clock and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a microbial beneficial live bacteria complete granular feed for ruminants to be fed around the clock and uninterruptedly and a preparation method thereof. The granular feed comprises a main ingredient and auxiliary materials, wherein the main ingredient is made of raw materials in a specific ratio, including corn stalks, fenugreek, microbial fermentation feed, tea byproducts, caragana powder, corn, wheat bran, soybean meal and sunflower meal. The auxiliary materials include complex vitamins, complex microbial agents, organic selenium and sodium chloride. The invention can expand the source of feed and alleviate the current situation of shortage of feed raw materials in my country by adopting microbial fermentation feed. On the other hand, after microbial fermentation, the content of anti-nutritional factors and harmful substances is extremely significantly reduced. The crude protein content is significantly increased, the crude fat and crude fiber content are significantly reduced, and the nutritional value of the feed is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of ruminant feed, and in particular relates to a complete granular feed of beneficial live microorganisms for feeding ruminants around the clock and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Animal husbandry is a basic industry that plays an important role in my country's agricultural, economic and social development, and is closely related to people's lives. It also occupies an irreplaceable position in increasing farmers' economic income, promoting agricultural science and technology, and economic and social development. However, with the development and transformation of the economy and society, internal and external factors that restrict the healthy development of animal husbandry still exist; for example, feed grain shortage, slow growth in grain production, insufficient protein feed, grassland degradation, etc.

[0003] Feed is mainly produced from the residual amount and crop by-products after supplying rations and other grains, and the demand for feed cannot be fully supplied. Faced with this severe situation, with the continuous development of the planting industry, there are more and more agricultural and sideline product scraps. The nutritional value of ruminants is also relatively high when the processed by-products of vegetables, fruits, crops, etc. are used as livestock feed. Therefore, the effective and reasonable development and utilization of such wastes is of practical significance to meet the nutritional needs of livestock, alleviate the contradiction between grass and livestock, improve the ecological environment and improve the quality of livestock products. Among them, microbial fermented feed is a new type of feed raw material prepared by fermenting agricultural and food processing by-products with beneficial microorganisms.

[0004] At present, microbial fermented feed is widely used in the production of monogastric animals, but its application in the production of ruminants is relatively rare and the research is not yet mature. To this end, the present invention combines microbial fermented feed raw materials and live microorganisms to provide a complete granular feed of beneficial live microorganisms for ruminants to be fed around the clock and a preparation method. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the above technical problems and provide a complete pellet feed of beneficial live microorganisms for ruminants to be fed around the clock and a preparation method thereof.

[0006] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention is implemented according to the following technical solutions:

[0007] In the first aspect, the present invention provides a complete pellet feed of beneficial live microorganisms for ruminants to be fed around the clock, including a main ingredient and auxiliary ingredients. The main ingredient is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30-40 parts of corn stalks, 30-40 parts of fenugreek,

[0008] 40 parts, microbial fermentation material 30-40 parts, tea by-products 5-15 parts, caragana powder 5-15 parts, corn 5-15 parts, wheat bran

[0009] 5 to 15 parts of wheat, 5 to 15 parts of soybean meal and 5 to 15 parts of sunflower meal; the auxiliary materials include complex vitamins, complex microbial agents, organic selenium and sodium chloride.

[0010] In combination with the first aspect, the present invention also provides a first preferred implementation manner of the first aspect, specifically, the microbial fermentation material is a fermentation substrate prepared by mixing tomato peel residue, sorghum straw, sunflower seed meal and fenugreek, which is obtained by adding a composite bacterial solution and a composite enzyme preparation for fermentation.

[0011] In combination with the first aspect, the present invention further provides a second preferred implementation of the first aspect, specifically, the mass ratio of the tomato peel residue, sorghum straw, sunflower seed meal and fenugreek is 6:8:4:1;

[0012] The sunflower seed meal is crushed to a particle size of 2.0 mm, and the sorghum stalks and fenugreek are crushed to a length of 2 to 5 cm.

[0013] In combination with the first aspect, the present invention further provides a third preferred embodiment of the first aspect, specifically, the composite bacterial solution is composed of Lactobacillus acidophilus, Bacillus subtilis and Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and the amount of the composite bacterial solution is 0.2% of the weight of the fermentation substrate;

[0014] The compound enzyme preparation is composed of protease and cellulase in a mass ratio of 1:1, and the compound enzyme preparation uses 1000U / kg.

[0015] In combination with the first aspect, the present invention further provides a fourth preferred embodiment of the first aspect, specifically, the tea by-product

[0016] It is obtained by silage of wet green tea byproduct.

[0017] In combination with the first aspect, the present invention further provides a fifth preferred embodiment of the first aspect, specifically, the composite microbial agent comprises 40,000 cfu / g of Bacillus licheniformis, 32,000 cfu / g of Lactobacillus plantarum and 16,000 cfu / g of Bacillus subtilis.

[0018] In combination with the first aspect, the present invention further provides a sixth preferred implementation of the first aspect, specifically, the content of the organic selenium is 0.3 mg / kg, and the amount of sodium chloride is 0.3% of the weight of the main material.

[0019] In combination with the first aspect, the present invention further provides a seventh preferred implementation of the first aspect, specifically, the vitamin complex includes vitamin A 180-240 IU / kg, vitamin D3 34-100 IU / kg, and vitamin E 0.4 mg / kg.

[0020] In a second aspect, the present invention further provides a method for preparing a complete pellet feed of beneficial live microorganisms for ruminants to be fed around the clock without interruption according to the first aspect, the preparation method comprising the following steps:

[0021] The raw materials of the main material are mixed according to the proportion, dehydrated and dried to reduce the moisture content of the main material to 10-15%; then the main material is crushed, and the auxiliary materials are added and mixed evenly; finally, the feed pellets with a particle size of 6-8mm are obtained by a ring die pelletizer, and the feed pellets are cooled.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0023] The present invention provides a microbial beneficial live bacteria complete granular feed for ruminants to be fed around the clock without interruption, comprising a main ingredient and auxiliary ingredients, wherein the main ingredient is made of raw materials in a specific ratio, including corn stalks, fenugreek, microbial fermentation feed, tea byproducts, caragana powder, corn, wheat bran, soybean meal and sunflower meal. The auxiliary ingredients include complex vitamins, complex microbial agents, organic selenium and sodium chloride.

[0024] (1) The pellet feed of the present invention is a feed that can be freely consumed 24 hours a day and can be fed uninterruptedly around the clock.

[0025] Ad libitum feeding allows ruminants to fully contact feed, increase feed intake, and maintain continuous and stable fermentation in the rumen. Among the feed raw materials, corn, wheat bran, soybean meal and sunflower meal are the main ingredients, which reduce the crude fiber content in the feed and increase the crude protein content; among the auxiliary materials, complex vitamins, organic selenium and sodium chloride can help ruminants grow and meet their daily physiological needs, and sodium chloride can also increase the feed intake of ruminants. Composite microbial agents are used to enhance the digestive system function of ruminants and promote food digestion and the absorption of nutrients.

[0026] (2) In the main ingredients of the present invention, a combination of fenugreek, microbial fermentation material, tea byproducts and caragana powder is also added: wherein the addition of fenugreek increases rumen efficiency and improves nutrient digestibility, reduces toxic and harmful gases in feces

[0027] Fenugreek is rich in nutrients and active substances, and can also significantly reduce methane emissions and energy losses produced by rumen fermentation in ruminants.

[0028] Tea by-products are rich in nutrients and active substances. Their function is to improve the weight gain effect of feed and change the fatty acid composition of ruminant meat, improve meat quality and muscle oxidative stability. They use catechins in poor by-products to remove active oxygen and nitrogen in the body and integrate redox-active transition metal ions, thereby playing an antioxidant role.

[0029] The effect of adding caragana powder is to improve rumen flora, promote rumen fermentation, promote the absorption of nutrients, and enhance the body's antioxidant and immune functions; the tannins in caragana can not only improve rumen flora, promote rumen fermentation, and promote the absorption of nutrients, but also cooperate with fenugreek to promote rumen fermentation and regulate rumen flora. At the same time, caragana powder can cooperate with tea by-products to improve slaughter performance and meat quality.

[0030] The microbial fermentation feed of the present invention has the following functions: by microbial fermentation, part of macromolecular nutrients such as cellulose, protein and fat are degraded into easily absorbable sugars and small molecule substances such as soluble small peptides and organic acids, thereby forming a type of biological feed with good palatability, rich nutrition and a large number of beneficial microorganisms. On the one hand, the feed source can be expanded to alleviate the current situation of shortage of feed raw materials in my country. On the other hand, after microbial fermentation, the content of anti-nutritional factors and harmful substances is extremely significantly reduced. The crude protein content is significantly increased, the crude fat and crude fiber content is significantly reduced, and the nutritional value of the feed is improved. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The preferred embodiments of the present invention are described below. It should be understood that the preferred embodiments described herein are only used to illustrate and explain the present invention, and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0032] The invention provides a microbial beneficial live bacteria complete granular feed for ruminants to be fed around the clock without interruption, comprising a main ingredient and auxiliary ingredients, wherein the main ingredient is made of raw materials with a specific ratio, including corn stalks, fenugreek, microbial fermentation feed, tea byproducts, caragana powder, corn, wheat bran, soybean meal and sunflower meal. The auxiliary ingredients include compound vitamins, compound microbial agents, organic selenium and sodium chloride.

[0033] The pellet feed of the present invention is a feed that can be freely consumed 24 hours a day and can be fed uninterruptedly around the clock. The free-feeding feeding method can enable ruminants to fully contact the feed, increase the feed intake, and maintain continuous and stable fermentation in the rumen. Among them, among the feed raw materials, corn, wheat bran, soybean meal and sunflower meal are the main ingredients, which reduce the crude fiber content in the feed and increase the crude protein content; among the auxiliary materials, complex vitamins, organic selenium and sodium chloride can help the growth of ruminants and the daily physiological needs of the body, and sodium chloride can also increase the feed intake of ruminants. The composite microbial agent is used to enhance the digestive system function of ruminants and promote the digestion of food and the absorption of nutrients.

[0034] In the present invention, the compound vitamins include 180-240 IU / kg of vitamin A, 34-100 IU / kg of vitamin D3, and 0.4 mg / kg of vitamin E. The compound microbial agent includes 40,000 cfu / g of Bacillus licheniformis, 40,000 cfu / g of Lactobacillus plantarum, and 100 mg / kg of

[0035] 32000 cfu / g and Bacillus subtilis 16000 cfu / g. The content of organic selenium is 0.3 mg / kg, and the amount of sodium chloride is 0.3% of the weight of the main material.

[0036] In the main ingredients of the present invention, a combination of fenugreek, microbial fermentation material, tea byproducts and caragana powder is also added:

[0037] (1) The purpose of adding fenugreek is to increase rumen efficiency and improve nutrient digestibility, and reduce the content of toxic and harmful gases in feces; fenugreek is rich in nutrients and active substances, and can also significantly reduce methane emissions and energy losses caused by rumen fermentation in ruminants.

[0038] Specifically, as a high-quality forage, fenugreek is not only rich in nutrients and active substances, but also can significantly reduce methane emissions and energy losses caused by rumen fermentation in ruminants. Rumen microorganisms can cause ruminants to produce and emit methane, while the saponins in fenugreek can increase the proliferation of fiber-degrading bacteria, thereby increasing rumen efficiency, regulating the microbial flora in the gastrointestinal tract, improving the digestibility of nutrients, and reducing the content of toxic and harmful gases in feces.

[0039] (2) Microbial fermentation feed. In the present invention, the microbial fermentation feed is obtained by adding a composite bacterial solution and a composite enzyme preparation to a fermentation substrate prepared by mixing tomato peel residue, sorghum straw, sunflower seed meal and fenugreek.

[0040] Microbial fermented feed is a type of biological feed that degrades some macromolecular nutrients such as cellulose, protein and fat into easily absorbable sugars and small molecules such as soluble peptides and organic acids through microbial fermentation, forming a type of biological feed with good palatability, rich nutrition and a large number of beneficial microorganisms. On the one hand, it can expand the source of feed and alleviate the current shortage of feed raw materials in my country. On the other hand, after microbial fermentation, the content of anti-nutritional factors and harmful substances is extremely significantly reduced. The crude protein content is significantly increased, the crude fat and crude fiber content is significantly reduced, and the nutritional value of the feed is improved.

[0041] In a specific implementation, the mass ratio of the tomato peel, sorghum stalk, sunflower seed meal and fenugreek is 6:8:4:1; wherein the sunflower seed meal is crushed to a particle size of 2.0 mm, and the sorghum stalk and fenugreek are crushed to a length of 2 to 5 cm. The composite bacterial liquid is composed of Lactobacillus acidophilus, Bacillus subtilis and Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and the amount of the composite bacterial liquid is 1 / 4 of the weight of the fermentation substrate.

[0042] 0.2%; the compound enzyme preparation is composed of protease and cellulase in a mass ratio of 1:1, and the compound enzyme preparation adopts 1000U / kg.

[0043] The microbial fermentation material of the present invention is prepared by the following method:

[0044] Step 1: crush sunflower seed meal to a particle size of 2.0 mm, crush sorghum straw and fenugreek to a length of 2-5 cm, and then mix fresh tomato peel residue, sorghum straw, sunflower seed meal and fenugreek in a mass ratio of 6:8:4:1 to prepare a fermentation substrate.

[0045] Step 2: After Lactobacillus acidophilus, Bacillus subtilis and Saccharomyces cerevisiae are activated in the original test tube, cultured in a triangular flask, cultured in a seed tank and cultured in a fermenter, they are mixed in a volume ratio of 2:1:2 to obtain a composite bacterial solution. The culture is carried out according to the appropriate culture conditions for each strain and is cultured for 24 hours. Protease and cellulase are mixed in a mass ratio of 1:1 and diluted with starch in a ratio of 9:1 to obtain a composite enzyme preparation.

[0046] Step 3: Add 0.2% by weight of the composite bacterial solution to the fermentation substrate, and then add 1000U / kg of the composite enzyme preparation. After mixing evenly, adopt the wrapped solid fermentation, with 4 layers of wrapped stacking, the fermentation termination temperature is 55°C, and the fermentation time is 3-5d, so as to obtain the microbial fermentation material.

[0047] Product testing: The sensory evaluation mainly checks the color, smell, and texture. According to the silage corn stalk scoring standard, the evaluation results of the microbial fermentation feed of the present invention are as follows: the smell is sour and fragrant, the texture is loose and non-sticky, and there is no mildew. The overall sensory rating is excellent. And the test found that the number of beneficial live bacteria in the microbial fermentation feed is as high as 3,000,000 cfu / g, the acid-soluble protein ratio is 40%, and it is rich in protease and cellulase. The saponins in fenugreek have a significant promoting effect on increasing the protease and cellulase content of the microbial fermentation feed.

[0048] Compared with silage corn, the microbial fermentation feed is more nutritious than silage corn, and contains rich fermentation products such as enzymes, beneficial bacteria, small peptides, etc., which are beneficial to the growth of ruminants and can promote the digestion of other feeds, complementing other feed raw materials of the present invention.

[0049] (3) Tea by-products are rich in nutrients and active substances. Their function is to improve the weight gain effect of feed and change the fatty acid composition of ruminant meat, thereby improving meat quality and muscle oxidative stability. They utilize catechins in the by-products to remove active oxygen and nitrogen in the body and integrate redox-active transition metal ions, thus playing an antioxidant role.

[0050] Wherein, the tea by-product is obtained by silage of wet green tea by-product. The tea industry also produces a large amount of tea by-products, which are the remaining tea by-products after the production of tea beverages or tea extracts, mainly dry tea residues and wet tea residues. Dry tea residues are mainly tea powder, tea flakes and tea stems that are discarded in the production process of finished tea except for finished tea. Wet tea residues mainly come from tea residues discarded after extraction in the production process of tea beverages. Tea by-products contain a large amount of nutrients, of which the crude protein content is about 20%, the crude fiber content is about 60%, and the biologically active substances of tea by-products, such as tea polyphenols, theanine, tea saponin, etc.

[0051] (4) Caragana powder is made by processing Caragana into coarse powder with a length of 2 to 3 cm and a width of 5 to 7 mm, and then silaging it for 20 to 30 days. After silaging, the crude protein and crude fat of Caragana increased by 7.84% and 28.13% respectively, while the cellulose, lignin and crude ash contents decreased by 14.76%, 13.85% and 29.80% respectively. This indicates that Caragana can be used for food after silaging.

[0052] It greatly reduces nutritional losses and can maintain the excellent quality of fresh feed for a long time.

[0053] In the summary of the present invention, the effect of adding caragana powder is to improve the palatability and digestibility of ruminants, improve the rumen flora, promote rumen fermentation, promote the absorption of nutrients, and enhance the body's antioxidant function and immune function; the tannin in caragana can not only improve the rumen flora, promote rumen fermentation, and promote the absorption of nutrients, but also cooperate with fenugreek to promote rumen fermentation and regulate rumen flora. At the same time, caragana powder can cooperate with tea by-products to improve slaughter performance and meat quality.

[0054] In summary, the present invention adopts a specific combination of fenugreek, microbial fermentation material, tea by-products and caragana powder, is suitable for the breeding of ruminants, can improve meat quality, enhance body immunity, promote the healthy growth of animals, and has obvious weight gain effect, thereby increasing the average daily weight gain.

[0055] The present invention is described below by means of more specific embodiments. Example

[0056] The embodiment 1 provides a complete pellet feed of beneficial live microorganisms for ruminants to be fed around the clock without interruption, which includes a main ingredient and auxiliary ingredients.

[0057] The main material is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30 parts of corn stalks, 30 parts of fenugreek, 30 parts of microbial fermentation material,

[0058] 5 parts of tea byproducts, 5 parts of caragana powder, 5 parts of corn, 5 parts of wheat bran, 5 parts of soybean meal and 5 parts of sunflower meal. The microbial fermentation material is the fermentation substrate prepared by mixing tomato peel residue, sorghum straw, sunflower seed meal and fenugreek, which is obtained by adding composite bacterial liquid and composite enzyme preparation for fermentation.

[0059] The auxiliary material is a complex vitamin: vitamin A 180-240 IU / kg, vitamin D3 34-100 IU / kg, vitamin E

[0060] 0.4mg / kg. Composite microbial agent: 40000cfu / g of Bacillus licheniformis, 32000cfu / g of Lactobacillus plantarum and 16000cfu / g of Bacillus subtilis. 0.3mg / kg of organic selenium, 0.3% of the main material weight of sodium chloride.

[0061] This embodiment 1 is a method for preparing a complete pellet feed of beneficial live microorganisms for ruminants to be fed around the clock without interruption. The method comprises the following steps: mixing the raw materials of the main material according to a proportion, dehydrating and drying the main material to reduce the moisture content of the main material to 10-15%; then crushing the main material, adding auxiliary materials and mixing evenly; and finally pelletizing the feed by a ring die pelletizer to obtain feed pellets with a particle size of 6-8 mm, which are then cooled. Example

[0062] The embodiment 2 is a complete pellet feed of beneficial live microorganisms for ruminants to be fed around the clock without interruption, which includes a main ingredient and auxiliary ingredients.

[0063] The main material is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 35 parts of corn stalks, 35 parts of fenugreek, 35 parts of microbial fermentation material,

[0064] 10 parts of tea byproducts, 10 parts of caragana powder, 10 parts of corn, 10 parts of wheat bran, 10 parts of soybean meal and 10 parts of sunflower meal. The microbial fermentation material is the fermentation substrate prepared by mixing tomato peel residue, sorghum straw, sunflower seed meal and fenugreek.

[0065] It is obtained by adding composite bacterial liquid and composite enzyme preparation for fermentation.

[0066] The auxiliary material is a complex vitamin: vitamin A 180-240 IU / kg, vitamin D3 34-100 IU / kg, vitamin E

[0067] 0.4mg / kg. Composite microbial agent: 40000cfu / g of Bacillus licheniformis, 32000cfu / g of Lactobacillus plantarum and 16000cfu / g of Bacillus subtilis. 0.3mg / kg of organic selenium, 0.3% of the main material weight of sodium chloride.

[0068] The preparation method of this embodiment 2 is exactly the same as that of embodiment 1.

[0069] The embodiment 3 provides a complete pellet feed of beneficial live microorganisms for ruminants to be fed around the clock without interruption, which includes a main ingredient and auxiliary ingredients.

[0070] The main material is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 40 parts of corn stalks, 40 parts of fenugreek, 40 parts of microbial fermentation material,

[0071] 15 parts of tea byproducts, 15 parts of caragana powder, 15 parts of corn, 15 parts of wheat bran, 15 parts of soybean meal and 15 parts of sunflower meal. The microbial fermentation material is the fermentation substrate prepared by mixing tomato peel residue, sorghum straw, sunflower seed meal and fenugreek, which is obtained by adding composite bacterial liquid and composite enzyme preparation for fermentation.

[0072] The auxiliary material is a complex vitamin: vitamin A 180-240 IU / kg, vitamin D3 34-100 IU / kg, vitamin E

[0073] mg / kg. Composite microbial agent: 40000 cfu / g of Bacillus licheniformis, 32000 cfu / g of Lactobacillus plantarum and 16000 cfu / g of Bacillus subtilis. 0.3 mg / kg of organic selenium, 0.3% of the main ingredient weight of sodium chloride.

[0074] The preparation method of Example 3 is exactly the same as that of Example 1. Feed product test

[0075] (1) Experimental preparation

[0076] The experiment lasted for 4 months and was conducted in the cattle shed of the beef cattle experimental field. The Simmental beef cattle weighing about 300 kg (P>0.05) at 8 months of age were selected for the experiment. They had been dewormed and immunized before the experiment, and were in good health and spirit.

[0077] Experimental group 1: The pellet feed prepared in Example 2 of the present invention was fed ad libitum for 24 hours;

[0078] Experimental group 2: The pellet feed prepared in Example 2 of the present invention was fed three times a day in a timed divided feeding manner; Control group 1: The conventional basic diet of beef cattle included concentrated feed: 52% corn, 18% bran, 23% soybean meal, and 5.5% premix;

[0079] Roughage: 55% silage corn, 10% distiller's grains, 35% hay; the weight ratio of concentrated feed to roughage is 9:10; the feeding method is 24 hours free access.

[0080] Control group 2: The same raw material formula as the feed pellets of Example 2 of the present invention was used, except that the main ingredients of fenugreek and microbial fermentation feed were removed; and a 24-hour free feeding method was adopted.

[0081] Control group 3: The same raw material formula as the feed pellets of Example 2 of the present invention was used, except that the main ingredient of fenugreek was removed; and a 24-hour free feeding method was adopted.

[0082] Feeding and management: 150 beef cattle were randomly divided into 5 treatment groups, with 3 replicates in each treatment group and 10 beef cattle in each replicate. The cattle were kept in pens. Before the experiment, the cattle pens and surrounding environment were cleaned and disinfected thoroughly. All entry and exit were allowed, natural light, temperature and humidity were maintained, and the cattle were allowed to drink water and eat freely. The cattle pens were cleaned and disinfected regularly.

[0083] (2) Experimental methods

[0084] The weight of each beef cattle is measured when entering the pen. During the feeding period, the health status of the beef cattle is regularly observed, weighed every 30 days, feed consumption is recorded, and the average daily weight gain, average daily feed intake, weight gain ratio, and incidence rate are calculated and counted. The calculation formula is as follows:

[0085] ① Average body weight (kg) = total weight (kg) / number of test groups;

[0086] ② Average daily weight gain (kg) = total weight gain (kg) / number of feeding days (d) / number of heads;

[0087] ③ Average daily feed intake (kg) = total feed consumption (kg) / number of feeding days (d) / number of heads;

[0088] ④Weight gain ratio = average daily feed intake (kg) / average daily weight gain (kg).

[0089] ⑤ Number of sick cattle: Count the number of sick cattle (death, cold, fever, diarrhea and other related symptoms) during the trial period. At the end of the trial, the beef cattle were bled from the jugular vein after fasting and water deprivation. Record the live weight of the beef cattle before slaughter, remove the head, hoof and internal organs,

[0090] After skinning, weigh the carcass and calculate the slaughter rate:

[0091] ⑥ Net meat rate (%) = net meat weight / carcass weight × 100;

[0092] ⑦Fat content (%) = fat weight (kg) / live cattle weight (kg) × 100.

[0093] (3) Experimental results

[0094] Table 1 Feed nutritional indicators

[0095] Group Average daily weight gain Average daily feed intake Weight gain ratio Incidence Net meat rate Fat Content Experimental Group 1 2.45 11.25 4.59 0 45.32 3.3 Experimental Group 2 2.27 10.24 4.51 0 44.52 3.6 Control group 1 1.31 8.46 6.45 4 38.24 5.3 Control group 2 1.25 8.84 7.072 1 39.21 4.4 Control group 3 1.63 9.64 5.91 1 39.85 4.1

[0096] It can be seen from the data of experimental groups 1-2 and control groups 1-3 that Example 2 is the optimal example, and all indicators are significantly improved compared with the control groups. It can be seen that the use of the whole-price granular feed of beneficial live microorganisms for ruminants fed around the clock can produce beef products with high net meat rate and low fat content. Fenugreek and microbial fermentation feed provide important nutrients for the formation of beef cattle, and reducing energy intake can greatly increase the output of net meat of beef cattle, while also achieving the effect of reducing fat formation. Tea by-products and caragana powder can also change the fatty acid composition of ruminant meat, improve meat quality and muscle oxidative stability.

[0097] By using a combination of fenugreek, microbial fermentation feed, tea byproducts and caragana powder, the average daily feed intake was significantly higher than that of other control groups. There were also significant differences in average daily weight gain, morbidity and net meat rate. This is because:

[0098] The synergistic effect of caragana powder and fenugreek increases rumen efficiency and improves nutrient digestibility, improves rumen flora, promotes rumen fermentation, and promotes the absorption of nutrients. Microbial fermentation feed and caragana powder improve the palatability of feed, and cooperate with fenugreek to provide feed with significantly increased crude protein, significantly reduced crude fat and crude fiber content, and high nutritional value. It contains rich enzymes, beneficial bacteria, small peptides and other fermentation products, which are beneficial to the growth of ruminants and can promote the digestion of other feeds. The specific combination of fenugreek, microbial fermentation feed, tea by-products and caragana powder is suitable for the breeding of ruminants, which can improve meat quality, enhance the body's immunity, promote the healthy growth of animals, and significantly increase weight gain, and increase the average daily weight gain.

[0099] For other structures of the complete pellet feed of beneficial live microorganisms for ruminants to be fed around the clock and the preparation method described in this embodiment, refer to the prior art.

[0100] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the present invention in any form. Therefore, any modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiment according to the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the technical solution of the present invention shall still fall within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A complete pellet feed of beneficial live microorganisms for ruminants to be fed around the clock, comprising a main ingredient and auxiliary ingredients. Features: The main material is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30-40 parts of corn stalks, 30-40 parts of fenugreek, 30-40 parts of microbial fermentation material, 5-15 parts of tea by-products, 5-15 parts of caragana powder, 5-15 parts of corn, 5-15 parts of wheat bran, 5-15 parts of soybean meal and 5-15 parts of sunflower meal; The auxiliary materials include compound vitamins, compound microbial agents, organic selenium and sodium chloride; The microbial fermentation material is obtained by adding a composite bacterial solution and a composite enzyme preparation to a fermentation substrate prepared by mixing tomato peel residue, sorghum straw, sunflower seed meal and fenugreek. The mass ratio of the tomato peel residue, sorghum stalks, sunflower seed meal and fenugreek is 6:8:4:1; wherein the sunflower seed meal is crushed to a particle size of 2.0 mm, and the sorghum stalks and fenugreek are crushed to a length of 2 to 5 cm; The microbial fermentation material is prepared by the following method: Step 1: crushing sunflower seed meal to a particle size of 2.0 mm, crushing sorghum straw and fenugreek to a length of 2 to 5 cm, and then mixing fresh tomato peel residue, sorghum straw, sunflower seed meal and fenugreek in a mass ratio of 6:8:4:1 to prepare a fermentation substrate; Step 2: activating Lactobacillus acidophilus, Bacillus subtilis and Saccharomyces cerevisiae through original test tube culture, amplifying culture in a triangular flask, culture in a seed tank and culture in a fermenter, and then mixing them in a volume ratio of 2:1:2 to obtain a composite bacterial solution; The culture was carried out under appropriate culture conditions for each strain, and the culture was allowed to stand for 24 hours. The protease and cellulase were mixed at a mass ratio of 1:1, and the mixture was diluted with starch at a ratio of 9:1 to obtain a composite enzyme preparation. Step 3: Add 0.2% by weight of the composite bacterial solution to the fermentation substrate, then add 1000U / kg of the composite enzyme preparation, mix well, and use wrapped solid fermentation, with 4 layers of wrapping stacking, fermentation termination temperature of 55°C, and fermentation time of 3-5d to obtain the microbial fermentation material.

2. The whole-price granular feed of beneficial live microorganisms for ruminants to be fed around the clock according to claim 1, Features: The tea by-product is obtained by silaging wet green tea by-product.

3. The whole-price granular feed of beneficial live microorganisms for ruminants to be fed around the clock according to claim 1, Features: The composite microbial agent comprises 40000 cfu / g of Bacillus licheniformis, 32000 cfu / g of Lactobacillus plantarum and 16000 cfu / g of Bacillus subtilis.

4. The whole-price granular feed of beneficial live microorganisms for ruminants to be fed around the clock according to claim 1, Features: The content of the organic selenium is 0.3 mg / kg, and the amount of the sodium chloride is 0.3% of the weight of the main material.

5. The whole-price granular feed of beneficial live microorganisms for ruminants to be fed around the clock according to claim 1, Features: The complex vitamin comprises vitamin A 180-240 IU / kg, vitamin D3 34-100 IU / kg, and vitamin E 0.4 mg / kg.

6. A method for preparing a complete pellet feed of beneficial live microorganisms for ruminants to be fed around the clock according to any one of claims 1 to 5, It is characterized in that The preparation method comprises the following steps: The raw materials of the main material are mixed according to the proportion, dehydrated and dried to reduce the moisture content of the main material to 10-15%; then the main material is crushed, and the auxiliary materials are added and mixed evenly; finally, the feed pellets with a particle size of 6-8mm are obtained by a ring die pelletizer, and the feed pellets are cooled.