A rural toilet excreta and water separation device and method

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of rural toilet fecal water separation device and method.The main part of the fecal water separation device includes first channel, second channel, the middle part of the first channel is connected with the second channel below it, and the interface position of the two is connected is provided with filter screen to make two channels communicate;The end of the first channel is provided with slag outlet;The end of the second channel is provided with water outlet.When feces and flushing water pass through fecal water separation device, liquid such as flushing water, urine is filtered by filter screen in the device, and is discharged from water outlet, and solid such as feces is discharged from slag outlet, so as to realize the effect of fecal water separation.The device uses the gravitational potential energy of feces and flushing water and kinetic energy generated during flushing process as energy, without the aid of any auxiliary equipment and external energy supply, to achieve the purpose of efficient separation of fecal water.At the same time, the whole device has the characteristics of compact structure, small space occupation, convenient disassembly and assembly, no need for regular maintenance, etc., easy to popularize and apply in the process of rural toilet reconstruction.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of toilet reconstruction, and more particularly relates to a rural toilet fecal water separation device and method. BACKGROUND

[0002] At present, most toilets in rural areas have been reconstructed, and traditional dry toilets have been mostly replaced by flush toilets, and septic tanks have been built as temporary storage, and regularly pumped by sewage trucks to sewage treatment plants / stations for treatment. In this case, the feces and toilet flushing water produced by residents are completely mixed together, resulting in high pollution indicators in the sewage transported to the sewage treatment plants / stations, which has a certain impact on the inflow load of the plants / stations. In addition, at present, the rural area advocates the near-centralized treatment of sewage to avoid long-distance transportation work. The supernatant of the toilet septic tank is the main object of rural sewage treatment, and is also a great challenge to small centralized sewage treatment facilities.

[0003] At present, the solution to the above problem is mainly to separate the toilet sewage and feces, and to separate them. Therefore, various solutions have been proposed. The existing technology mainly realizes the solid-liquid separation of rural toilets from the following aspects: ① by setting physical barriers to form a urination area and a defecation area, so as to realize the separation of urine and feces; ② by using siphon method, mechanical overturning method, filtration method and other separation technologies to achieve the purpose of solid-liquid separation of toilet fecal pollution. In the above technologies, the design scheme of physical separation requires residents to change their habits of using the toilet and flushing, which has a certain influence on the normal life of residents. In addition, most of the technical solutions are designed with power devices to control the realization of their functions, or designed with mechanical devices and operated by humans, which may have certain limitations in actual application. SUMMARY

[0004] To solve the above problems, the present application starts from the idea of solid-liquid separation of toilet fecal pollution, taking into account the factors of simple process, lowest energy consumption and convenient installation, and proposes a rural toilet fecal water separation device and method. By installing the fecal water separation device on the toilet pipeline, the toilet fecal pollution is separated into solid and liquid forms by using gravity and physical filtration, so as to avoid the problem of high pollution indicators in sewage caused by the mixing of fecal pollution, and to reduce the subsequent treatment cost. At the same time, solid-liquid separation can maximize the original characteristics of feces, which is beneficial to the subsequent separate treatment of feces.

[0005] The present application adopts the following technical means:

[0006] The first aspect of the present application is to provide a rural toilet fecal water separation device,

[0007] The main part of the separation device comprises a first channel and a second channel, the middle part of the first channel is connected with the second channel below, and the junction position of the two is provided with a filter screen to make the two channels communicate; the end of the first channel is provided with a residue outlet; and the end of the second channel is provided with a water outlet.

[0008] Preferably, a baffle plate is arranged on the opposite side of the filter screen in the first channel, and the baffle plate is vertically arranged and fixed to the upper part of the first channel to prevent the excrement sewage from flowing into the residue outlet from the upper half of the inner wall of the first channel; or / and a curtain is arranged on the opposite side of the filter screen in the first channel, and the top of the curtain is fixed to the upper part of the first channel and the bottom of the curtain naturally drops to prevent the excrement sewage from flowing into the residue outlet from the upper half of the inner wall of the first channel.

[0009] Preferably, the inlet of the upper part of the first channel is communicated with the bottom of the toilet through a pipeline.

[0010] Preferably, the first channel is a pipeline with equal diameters, comprising a first vertical section, a first curved section, a second curved section and a second vertical section connected in sequence.

[0011] Preferably, the first curved section is an arc, and the angle α between the tangent line at the starting point of the axis of the first curved section and the vertical line passing through the point, or the angle α between the tangent line at the terminal point of the axis of the first curved section and the horizontal line passing through the point, ranges from 9° to 20°.

[0012] Preferably, the second curved section is an arc, the starting point of the axis of the second curved section intersects with the terminal point of the first curved section, and the radius R of the axis of the second curved section ranges from 0.55 to 0.9 times the diameter of the pipeline.

[0013] Preferably, the second channel is tapered from the filter screen to the water outlet, and the angle β between the wall surface near the residue outlet and the horizontal direction of the intersection profile of the second channel and the first channel ranges from 5° to 15°.

[0014] Preferably, the baffle plate is located on the inner wall of the first channel at the position of the inlet and near the residue outlet, and is a pointed arch-shaped plate, the arch top of which is connected with the lower edge of the first vertical section, and the width of the arch top is 0-0.3 times the diameter of the pipeline.

[0015] Preferably, the residue outlet is connected to the excrement collection part, and the water outlet is connected to the sewage collection part.

[0016] Another aspect of the present application provides a separation method based on the rural toilet excrement and water separation device, which comprises the following steps: the excrement and water mixture is discharged into the first channel, the excrement and water mixture enters the first channel from the inlet, the sewage filtered by the filter screen flows into the sewage collection part through the water outlet of the second channel, and the excrement not filtered by the filter screen slides along the arc surface of the filter screen to the first channel and then flows into the excrement collection part through the residue outlet.

[0017] The present application has the following technical effects:

[0018] 1. This device fully utilizes the gravitational potential energy of feces and flushing water, as well as the kinetic energy generated during the flushing process, to achieve efficient separation of feces and water without the need for any auxiliary equipment or external power supply. Furthermore, it requires no regular maintenance during subsequent use, making it easy to promote and apply in rural toilet renovation projects.

[0019] 2. The width of this device is the same as the diameter of the toilet pipe, and its structure is compact and occupies little space.

[0020] 3. This device can be directly connected to pipes via internal and external connectors, making it easy to install and disassemble, and highly user-friendly. Furthermore, it eliminates the need to replace existing toilet bowls in rural areas, simplifying implementation and minimizing damage to existing infrastructure. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the longitudinal section of the sewage separation device installed on a pipeline according to the present invention.

[0022] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structural design of the sewage separation device installed on a pipeline according to the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3 This is a side view of the sewage separation device installed on a pipeline according to the present invention.

[0024] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the sewage separation device installed on a pipeline according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the test system for verifying the separation effect of the sewage separation device proposed in Embodiments 1, 2, and 3 of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the sewage separation device used in Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the improved curtain structure in Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0028] In the diagram: 1 Main body; 11 First channel; 111 First vertical section; 112 First curved section; 113 Second curved section; 114 Second vertical section; 115 Horizontal section; 12 Second channel; 13 Baffle; 131 Baffle curtain; 14 Inlet; 15 Outlet; 16 Sludge outlet; 2 Filter screen; 3 Toilet; 4 Fixing device; 5 Water bucket; 6 Manure bucket; 7 Support; 8 Platform. Detailed Implementation

[0029] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are exemplary and are only used for explaining the present application, and cannot be understood as a limitation to the present application.

[0030] In the present application, the upper section of the first channel 11 is a channel for the flow of the fecal water mixture, and the lower section is a channel for the flow of the feces filtered by the filter screen 2; the second channel 12 is a channel for the flow of the sewage.

[0031] Referring to Figure 1 , the present application is a rural toilet fecal water separation device,

[0032] The main part 1 of the separation device comprises a first channel 11 and a second channel 12, the middle part of the first channel 11 is connected with the second channel 12 below, and a filter screen 2 is arranged at the joint position of the two channels to make the two channels communicate; a residue outlet 16 is arranged at the end of the first channel 11; a water outlet 15 is arranged at the end of the second channel 12.

[0033] Further, a baffle 13 or / and a curtain 131 is arranged at the opposite side of the filter screen 2 in the first channel 11, the baffle 13 is vertically arranged and fixed to the upper part of the first channel 11, and is used to block the flow of the fecal sewage from the upper half region of the inner wall of the first channel 11 into the residue outlet 16.

[0034] Further, a curtain 131 is arranged at the opposite side of the filter screen 2 in the first channel 11, the upper part of the curtain 131 is fixed to the upper part of the first channel 11, and the bottom part of the curtain 131 naturally drops, and is used to slow down the flow of the fecal sewage from the upper half region of the inner wall of the first channel 11 into the residue outlet 16.

[0035] Further, the inlet 14 of the upper part of the first channel 11 is communicated with the bottom part of the toilet 3 through a pipeline.

[0036] Further, referring to Figure 2 , the first channel 11 is a pipeline with equal diameters, comprising a first vertical section 111, a first curved section 112, a second curved section 113 and a second vertical section 114 connected in sequence. Further, referring to Figure 4 , the first curved section 112 and the second curved section 113 can also be provided with a horizontal section 115, and the two ends of the horizontal section 115 are communicated with the first curved section 112 and the second curved section 113 respectively.

[0037] Further, the first curved section 112 is an arc shape, and the included angle α between the tangent line at the starting point of the axis of the first curved section 112 and the vertical line passing through the point, or the included angle α between the tangent line at the terminal point of the axis of the first curved section 112 and the horizontal line passing through the point, ranges from 9° to 20°.

[0038] Further, the second curve segment 113 is an arc, the axis of which intersects the end point of the first curve segment 112, and the radius R of the axis ranges from 0.55 to 0.9 times the pipe diameter.

[0039] Further, the second channel 12 is tapered from the filter screen 2 to the water outlet 15, and the intersection angle β between the wall surface near the slag outlet 16 and the horizontal direction ranges from 5° to 15°.

[0040] Further, referring to Figure 3 The baffle 13 is located at the position of the inner wall of the first channel 11 at the inlet 14 and near the side of the slag outlet 16, and is a pointed arch-shaped plate, the arch top of which is connected to the lower edge of the first vertical segment 111, and the width of the arch top ranges from 0 to 0.3 times the pipe diameter.

[0041] Preferably, the slag outlet 16 is connected to a fecal collection part, and the water outlet 15 is connected to a sewage collection part.

[0042] Another aspect of the present application provides a separation method based on the rural toilet fecal water separation device, which comprises the following steps: discharging the fecal water mixture into the first channel 11, the fecal water mixture entering the first channel 11 from the inlet 14, the sewage filtered by the filter screen 2 flowing into the sewage collection part through the water outlet 15 of the second channel 12, and the feces not filtered by the filter screen 2 sliding along the arc surface of the filter screen 2 to the first channel 11 and flowing into the fecal collection part through the slag outlet 16.

[0043] Still another aspect of the present application provides a test device for the rural toilet fecal water separation device, which comprises a main part 1 of the separation device, a toilet 3, a fixing device 4, a water bucket 5 (i.e. a sewage collection part), a fecal bucket 6 (i.e. a fecal collection part), a support 7, and a platform 8, the bottom of the toilet 3 being connected to the inlet 14 of the main part 1, the water outlet 15 and the slag outlet 16 of the main part 1 being respectively provided below the water bucket 5 and the fecal bucket 6, the water bucket 5, the fecal bucket 6, and the support 7 being placed on the platform 8, the support 7 being vertically placed on the platform 8, and the main part 1 being fixed to the support 7 by the fixing device 4.

[0044] The rural toilet excrement and water separation device comprises a separation device main body part 1, a first channel 11 for excrement and water mixture flow, and a second channel 12 for sewage flow. The whole device is provided with an inlet 14, a water outlet 15, and a residue outlet 16. The excrement and water separation device is vertically installed on a toilet pipeline and connected with the toilet pipeline and subsequent sewage and excrement collection or treatment devices through pipeline connectors. The filter screen 2 is located at the interface between the first channel 11 and the second channel 12, and the shape and size of the filter screen 2 occupy the whole interface as much as possible. The excrement and toilet flushing water vertically enter the device inlet 14 along the pipeline, the toilet flushing water, urine and other liquids enter the second channel 12 through the filter screen 2 and flow out through the water outlet 15, and the excrement and other solids are blocked by the filter screen 2 and discharged through the residue outlet 16. The pointed-arch-shaped baffle 13 is installed on the inner wall of the first channel 11 at the inlet and close to the residue outlet 16, which is used to block the liquid from flowing into the residue outlet 16 from the upper half of the inner wall of the first channel 11.

[0045] As an embodiment of the present application, the first channel 11 is a tubular channel with the same diameter as the toilet excrement pipe, and the path curve is composed of four parts, i.e., a first vertical section 111, a first curve section 112, a second curve section 113, and a second vertical section 114, which are connected smoothly. The purpose of this design is to ensure that the excrement and sewage slide more smoothly and are not easy to block.

[0046] As an embodiment of the present application, the first curve section 112 and the second curve section 113 are both arc-shaped, and the starting point section of the axis of the second curve section is tangent to the ending point section of the axis of the first curve section. The present application gives the range of the radius R of the second curve section (0.55-0.9 times the pipe diameter). If the curve radius is too large, the risk of excrement congestion will increase, and if the curve radius is too small, the residence time of the excrement will be too short, and the expected separation effect cannot be achieved.

[0047] As an embodiment of the present application, the second channel 12 is designed to be tapered from the first channel 11 to the water outlet 15, and the wall surface close to the residue outlet 16 has an included angle β with the horizontal direction in the range of 5°-15°. The purpose of setting this angle is to prevent the water before filtering into the second channel 12 from congesting at this position and overflowing into the residue outlet 16 next to it, thereby improving the excrement and water separation efficiency.

[0048] As an embodiment of the present application, the baffle 13 is a pointed arch-shaped plate, the bottom of which intersects the axis of the first channel 11, and the width of the top of the arch of the baffle 13 is 0-0.3 times the pipe diameter. The baffle 13 mainly blocks the liquid from flowing into the slag outlet 16 from the upper half of the inner wall of the first channel 11, so it is arranged horizontally at the side of the inner wall of the first channel 11 at the inlet, which is close to the slag outlet 16; and vertically, the top of the arch is at the lower end of the first vertical section 111. Through such an arrangement, when the fecal slurry entering the device is about to flow into the slag outlet 16 through the upper half of the first channel 11, the water flow will be blocked by the baffle 13 and flow into the lower half of the channel along the baffle 13, so as to pass through the filter screen 2 and be filtered as the rest of the fecal slurry. Through this process, the fecal slurry separation efficiency is further improved. The width of the top of the arch of the baffle 13 should not be too small, otherwise when the water flow is too large, it may bypass the baffle 13 and enter the slag outlet 16, resulting in poor fecal slurry separation effect; and the width should not be too large, otherwise it may affect the flow capacity.

[0049] Example 1

[0050] Reference Figure 4 The device main body part 1 includes a first channel 11, a second channel 12, and is provided with an inlet 14, a water outlet 15, a slag outlet 16, and a baffle 13; the diameters of the inlet 14 and the slag outlet 16 are 110 mm, and the diameter of the water outlet 15 is 50 mm; the length of the curved first vertical section 111 is 30 mm, the parameter a of the first curved section 112 is 9°, the length of the horizontal section 115 is 10 mm, the radius R of the axis of the second curved section 113 is 100 mm (0.9 times the pipe diameter), and the length of the second vertical section 114 is 30 mm; the parameter β of the second channel is 5°; and no baffle is arranged.

[0051] To verify the fecal slurry separation effect of the device, refer to Figure 5 a simulation test system is constructed, which includes a device main body part 1, a toilet 3, a fixing device 4, a water bucket 5 (a sewage collection part), a fecal bucket 6 (a fecal collection part), a support 7, and a platform 8. The fecal slurry separation device is vertically fixed on the support 7 of the platform 8 through the fixing device 4, and the device main body part 1 is directly connected with the toilet 3 through a plastic pipeline and a drainage. A water bucket 5 and a fecal bucket 6 are respectively placed on the platform 8 directly below the water outlet 15 and the slag outlet 16 to collect the separated sewage and fecal during the test. The fecal used in the simulation test is made according to the simulation I type of fecal formula in the research “Influence of Different Dry Toilet Slide Materials on Fecal Adhesion Characteristics” by Cao Huoyu et al.; the flushing water is tap water; and the fixing device 4 includes a bandage and glue, which are used to fix the related parts on the support 7 to vertically fix the fecal slurry separation device. The test process is as follows:

[0052] First, prepare the conditions required for the test, including the prepared feces, the completed test system, the flushing water, the measuring container, etc. Among them, the feces used in each test is 150-200g, which is the amount of feces produced by an adult per day; the flushing water is 6L, which is the amount of water pressed by a toilet per time. Put the prepared feces into the toilet 3, then pour the flushing water into the toilet 3 to simulate the toilet flushing process. After the flushing is completed, wait for a while, then measure and record the volume of sewage in the water bucket and the feces bucket, respectively.

[0053] Fecal water separation efficiency: wherein V 水 represents the volume of sewage in the water bucket, V 粪 represents the volume of sewage in the feces bucket.

[0054] The test results show that the average separation efficiency η of the fecal water separation device in Example 1 for the simulated feces is 71.6%.

[0055] Example 2

[0056] Referring to Figure 6 , the device main body part 1 includes a first channel 11, a second channel 12, and is provided with an inlet 14, a water outlet 15, and a residue outlet 16; the diameters of the inlet 14 and the residue outlet 16 are 110mm, and the diameter of the water outlet 15 is 50mm; the curved first vertical section 111 is 30mm, the parameter α of the first curved section 112 is 20°, the axis radius R of the second curved section 113 is 100mm (0.9 times the pipe diameter), the length of the second vertical section 114 is 30mm; the parameter β of the second channel 12 is 5°; and no baffle 13 is provided.

[0057] In this embodiment, the simulated feces preparation, test system, test procedure and test method are the same as those in Example 1.

[0058] The test results show that the average fecal water separation efficiency η of the fecal water separation device is 84.9%.

[0059] Further, a baffle curtain 131 is arranged on the side of the inner wall of the first channel 11 at the inlet close to the residue outlet 16, as shown in Figure 7 . Then, the test is carried out according to the foregoing test procedure, and the following results are finally obtained: the fecal water separation efficiency η of the improved embodiment is 89.3%.

[0060] Example 3

[0061] Referring to Figure 1The device main body part 1 comprises a first channel 11, a second channel 12, a baffle 13, and is provided with an inlet 14, a water outlet 15 and a residue outlet 16; the diameters of the inlet 14 and the residue outlet 16 are 110 mm, and the diameter of the water outlet 15 is 50 mm; the first vertical section 111 of the central curve is 30 mm, the length of the first curve section 112 is 136.4 mm, the parameter a is 9°, the radius R of the axis of the second curve section 113 is 60 mm (0.55 times the pipe diameter), and the length of the second vertical section 114 is 30 mm; the parameter b of the second channel 12 is 10°; the width of the vault of the baffle 13 is 33 mm (0.3 times the pipe diameter), and gradually decreases from the vault to the foot.

[0062] In the embodiment, the simulated feces are made, the test system, the test procedure and the test method are the same as those in Embodiment 1.

[0063] The test results show that the average feces-water separation efficiency η of the feces-water separation device in Embodiment 3 is 99.6%.

[0064] Embodiment 4

[0065] Reference Figure 1 The device main body part 1 comprises a first channel 11, a second channel 12, a baffle 13, and is provided with an inlet 14, a water outlet 15 and a residue outlet 16; the diameters of the inlet 14 and the residue outlet 16 are 110 mm, and the diameter of the water outlet 15 is 50 mm; the first vertical section 111 of the central curve is 30 mm, the length of the first curve section 112 is 136.4 mm, the parameter a is 9°, the radius R of the axis of the second curve section 113 is 60 mm (0.55 times the pipe diameter), and the length of the second vertical section 114 is 30 mm; the parameter b of the second channel 12 is 10°; the width of the vault of the baffle 13 is 33 mm (0.3 times the pipe diameter), and gradually decreases from the vault to the foot.

[0066] In the embodiment, the simulated feces are made, the test system, the test procedure and the test method are the same as those in Embodiment 1.

[0067] The test results show that the average feces-water separation efficiency η of the feces-water separation device in Embodiment 4 is 98.4%.

[0068] The test device in the above embodiments is used to simulate the feces-water separation device provided by the application, and the test results show that the feces-water separation device provided by the application can achieve good feces-water separation efficiency.

[0069] Although the above-mentioned embodiments have been described, those skilled in the art can make further changes and modifications to the embodiments once they know the basic inventive concept, and therefore the above-mentioned embodiments are only examples of the present application, and are not intended to limit the patent protection scope of the present application, and any equivalent structure or equivalent process transformation made by using the content of the present application specification and drawings, or directly or indirectly applied in other related technical fields, are also included in the patent protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A rural toilet excrement and water separation device, characterized in that: a main body (1) of the separation device comprises a first channel (11) and a second channel (12), the first channel (11) is connected to the second channel (12) below, and a filter screen (2) is arranged at the joint position of the two channels to connect the two channels; a residue outlet (16) is arranged at the end of the first channel (11); a water outlet (15) is arranged at the end of the second channel (12); a baffle (13) or / and a curtain (131) is arranged at the opposite side of the filter screen (2) in the first channel (11), the baffle (13) is vertically arranged and fixed to the upper part of the first channel (11) to block the excrement sewage from flowing into the residue outlet (16) from the upper half of the inner wall of the first channel (11); the curtain (131) is fixed to the upper part of the first channel (11) and naturally droops at the bottom to block the excrement sewage from flowing into the residue outlet (16) from the upper half of the inner wall of the first channel (11).

2. A rural toilet excreta-water separating device as claimed in claim 1, wherein: An inlet (14) of the upper part of the first channel (11) is connected to the bottom of a toilet (3) through a pipeline.

3. A rural toilet excreta-water separating device as claimed in claim 1, wherein: The first channel (11) is a pipeline with equal diameter, comprising a first vertical section (111), a first curved section (112), a second curved section (113) and a second vertical section (114) connected in sequence.

4. A rural toilet excreta water separator as claimed in claim 3, wherein: The first curved section (112) is arc-shaped, and the angle α between the tangent line at the starting point of the axis of the first curved section (112) and the vertical line passing through the point, or the angle α between the tangent line at the terminal point of the axis of the first curved section (112) and the horizontal line passing through the point, ranges from 9° to 20°.

5. A rural toilet excreta-water separating device as claimed in claim 4, wherein: The second curved section (113) is arc-shaped, the starting point of the axis of the second curved section (113) intersects with the terminal point of the first curved section (112), and the radius R of the axis of the second curved section (113) ranges from 0.55 to 0.9 times the diameter of the pipeline.

6. A rural toilet excreta water separator as claimed in claim 1, wherein: The second channel (12) is tapered from the filter screen (2) to the water outlet (15), and the angle β between the wall surface near the residue outlet (16) and the horizontal direction at the intersection contour of the second channel (12) and the first channel (11) ranges from 5° to 15°.

7. A rural toilet excreta-water separating device as claimed in claim 1, wherein: The baffle (13) is located at the position of the inlet (14) of the inner wall of the first channel (11) and near the side of the residue outlet (16), and is in the shape of a pointed arch, the arch top is connected to the lower edge of the first vertical section (111), and the width of the arch top is 0-0.3 times the diameter of the pipeline.

8. A rural toilet excreta-water separating device as claimed in claim 1, wherein: The residue outlet (16) is connected to an excrement collecting part, and the water outlet (15) is connected to a sewage collecting part.

9. A separation method for a rural toilet excreta-water separation device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, The steps include: The excrement and water mixture is discharged into the first channel (11), the excrement and water mixture enters the first channel (11) from the inlet (14), the sewage filtered by the filter screen (2) flows into the sewage collecting part through the water outlet (15) of the second channel (12), and the excrement that cannot be filtered by the filter screen (2) slides along the curved surface of the filter screen (2) to the first channel (11) and then flows into the excrement collecting part through the residue outlet (16).

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