Preparation method, device and application of high polymer sustained-release surface

Abstract

This invention discloses a method, apparatus, and application for preparing a polymer sustained-release surface, belonging to the field of drag reduction technology. The steps are as follows: melting polyethylene glycol; preparing a mixture of polyethylene glycol and polyethylene oxide; encapsulating the surface to be treated, leaving a feeding port for the mixture; feeding the mixture prepared in step 2 into the encapsulation structure through the feeding port until the liquid level in the feeding port is higher than the height inside the encapsulation structure; then heating the mixture; molding, heating and letting it stand for 30 minutes, then stopping heating and letting it stand for another 30 minutes; removing the encapsulation structure of the surface to be treated and cutting off the residual solid at the feeding port location to obtain a smooth polymer sustained-release surface. This invention provides a simple, convenient, and low-cost method for preparing a polymer release surface, suitable for large-scale manufacturing.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of drag reduction technology, specifically relating to a method, apparatus and application for preparing a polymer slow-release surface. Background Technology

[0002] Due to widespread demand in economic, military, and energy sectors, drag reduction technology has always been a hot topic in scientific research. Currently, polymer drag reduction offers the best results, achieving a maximum drag reduction rate of 80% under certain conditions. However, in practical engineering applications, polymers have only been successfully used for pipeline drag reduction. For outflow drag reduction, carrying large quantities of polymer solutions or preparing polymer solutions on-site presents significant inconveniences, and its application technology requires further development.

[0003] Existing technologies disclose antifouling composite coatings containing silicone oil and having a fish-scale-like structure. A monolayer of tightly packed polymer microsphere arrays is prepared on an organosilicon surface to obtain an antifouling composite coating with a fish-skin-like structure and mucus exudation. However, the preparation process of organosilicon and surface arrays is complex, requires numerous raw materials, and the drag reduction effect is unclear.

[0004] Existing technologies disclose array structures that release polyacrylamide viscous fluid via water flow, combining trench drag reduction with polymer solution drag reduction. However, the array surface is complex to fabricate and costly, and the cavity contains too little polyacrylamide viscous fluid, resulting in a too short drag reduction time.

[0005] Existing technologies disclose drag-reducing agent release techniques that permeate near the pipe wall. These techniques involve adding a release device outside the pipe to achieve slow release of the drag-reducing agent near the wall. However, their application is limited and they are difficult to apply in outflow situations.

[0006] Existing technologies disclose drag-reducing surface structures for underwater vehicle hulls, including feather-shaped array structures designed on the hull to reduce fluid resistance. However, the lack of polymer application limits the drag-reduction effect.

[0007] Existing technologies disclose surface-release drag-reducing structures that mimic shark mucus. These structures mimic the mechanism by which sharks secrete mucus on their bodies to increase drag reduction. Microchannels are fabricated on a substrate, filled with a polymer solution, and then drag reduction is achieved by combining surface morphology with the fabrication process. However, the fabrication process is complex and overlooks the problems arising from the polymer solution filling process.

[0008] To address the shortcomings of existing sustained-release surface technologies, such as complex preparation processes and high costs, this invention proposes a simplified method for fabricating polymer release surfaces. Summary of the Invention

[0009] The technical problem to be solved:

[0010] To avoid the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a method, apparatus, and application for preparing a polymer sustained-release surface. A mixed solution of polyethylene glycol and polyethylene oxide is prepared, and then a polymer sustained-release surface is obtained using a self-made, simple apparatus. This method allows for pre-preparation based on demand and the acquisition of a smooth surface structure through device control, solving problems such as numerous raw materials, complex processes, high costs, inability to quantitatively prepare, and difficulty in on-site preparation in existing technologies.

[0011] The technical solution of this invention is: a method for preparing a polymer sustained-release surface, characterized by the following specific steps:

[0012] Step 1: Melt polyethylene glycol;

[0013] Step 2: Prepare a mixture of polyethylene glycol and polyethylene oxide;

[0014] Step 3: Seal the surface to be treated, leaving a feeding port for the mixture;

[0015] Step 4: Feeding; Inject the mixture prepared in Step 2 into the encapsulation structure through the feeding port until the liquid level in the feeding port is higher than the height inside the encapsulation structure; Then heat the mixture.

[0016] Step 5: Molding; After heating and letting stand for 30 minutes, stop heating and let stand for another 30 minutes; Remove the encapsulation structure of the surface to be treated and cut off the residual solid at the feed port to obtain a smooth polymer slow-release surface.

[0017] A further technical solution of the present invention is as follows: In step 1, the polyethylene glycol is placed in a beaker and then heated in an oven until the polyethylene glycol is completely melted; the oven temperature is 53-80℃; the heating time is 2-3 hours; and the molecular weight of the polyethylene glycol is 2000-20000.

[0018] A further technical solution of the present invention is as follows: In step 2, polyethylene oxide is added to the melted polyethylene glycol and stirred with a glass rod to obtain a mixture; the molecular weight of the polyethylene oxide is 4 million to 10 million; the mass ratio of the polyethylene oxide to the melted polyethylene glycol is 1:3 to 10; and the stirring time is 20 to 40 seconds.

[0019] A further technical solution of the present invention is: in step 3, the feeding port is located at the top of the encapsulation structure.

[0020] A further technical solution of the present invention is: in step 4, a heater is used to heat the mixture, and the temperature is adjusted to 60-80℃; the liquid level in the feeding port is 50-90mm higher than the top surface of the encapsulation structure.

[0021] A device for preparing a polymer release surface, characterized in that it includes a base plate, a baffle, a cover plate, and a feeding port; the upper surface of the base plate is the surface to be treated; the baffle is an annular structure; the cover plate is a flat plate with a shape consistent with the annular cross-sectional shape of the baffle; and the feeding port is a straight pipe with openings at both ends.

[0022] The lower end face of the baffle is sealed to the surface to be treated on the bottom plate, and the upper end face is sealed to the cover plate, forming a sealed cavity, which is the encapsulation structure of the surface to be treated; the bottom end of the feeding port passes through and is fixed in the through hole of the cover plate, and the top end is set upward, for feeding material into the encapsulation structure.

[0023] A further technical solution of the present invention is: it also includes a heater, which is a cylindrical structure with a central through hole and has slits parallel to the axial direction on its side wall, so as to facilitate fitting onto the feeding port.

[0024] A further technical solution of the present invention is that the base plate, baffle, and cover plate are all bonded together with double-sided adhesive. After bonding, the outer end faces of the base plate and cover plate are clamped together with a clamp, which ensures the sealing performance while making it easy to remove.

[0025] A further technical solution of the present invention is that the bottom surface of the baffle is consistent with the surface to be treated, and can be applied to base plates of various shapes; the annular cross-sectional shape of the baffle is adjusted according to the shape of the required polymer release surface.

[0026] An application of a polymer release surface is characterized in that: the polymer release surface is installed on the outer surface of a vehicle, and under the action of water flow, the drag-reducing polymer and polyethylene glycol gradually dissolve and are released, and the viscosity of the water in the surface flow field increases over time, thereby completing the drag reduction function.

[0027] Beneficial effects

[0028] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the preparation method of the polymer release surface of the present invention is simple, convenient to operate, low in cost, and easy to mass-produce.

[0029] This invention uses water-soluble polyethylene glycol to fix drag-reducing polymers onto the surface of a base plate, and controls the surface flatness through a specially designed device. The device consists of a base plate, a baffle, and a cover plate forming an encapsulation structure for the surface to be treated, making the surface part of the sealed cavity. This simplifies the device and facilitates replacement. The cross-sectional shapes of the baffle and cover plate can be adjusted according to the shape of the desired polymer release surface, not limited to regular shapes, thus offering high practicality. The bottom profile of the baffle matches the profile of the surface to be treated, making it suitable for base plates of various profiles. Therefore, it can be used for drag reduction on various underwater vehicles and ship hulls.

[0030] The polymer release surface is applied to the bottom surface of underwater vehicles or ships. Upon contact with water flow, the drag-reducing polymer dissolves with the water-soluble polyethylene glycol, achieving the outflow release of the drag-reducing polymer. Figure 2-4 As shown, in the embodiment, the viscosity of water in the surface Couette flow field increases over time because the drag-reducing polymer and polyethylene glycol gradually dissolve and are released, thus achieving the drag-reducing function. Attached Figure Description

[0031] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the encapsulation structure of the surface to be processed.

[0032] Figure 2 This refers to the change in viscosity of water over time in the surface Couette flow field in Example 1.

[0033] Figure 3 This refers to the change in viscosity of water over time in the surface Couette flow field in Example 2.

[0034] Figure 4 This refers to the change in viscosity of water over time in the surface Couette flow field in Example 3.

[0035] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 1-base plate; 2-baffle; 3-sealed cavity; 4-heater; 5-feeding port; 6-cover plate. Detailed Implementation

[0036] The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to explain the invention, and should not be construed as limiting the invention.

[0037] This embodiment describes a method, apparatus, and application for preparing a polymer sustained-release surface. A mixed solution of polyethylene glycol and polyethylene oxide is prepared, and then a polymer sustained-release surface is prepared using a self-made simple apparatus. This method can prepare the required amount in advance and obtain a smooth surface structure through device control, solving the problems of numerous raw materials, complex processes, high costs, inability to prepare quantitatively, and high difficulty in on-site preparation in the prior art.

[0038] This invention uses water-soluble polyethylene glycol to fix drag-reducing polymers onto the surface of a base plate, and controls the surface flatness through a specially designed device. The device consists of a base plate, a baffle, and a cover plate forming an encapsulation structure for the surface to be treated, making the surface part of the sealed cavity. This simplifies the device and facilitates replacement. The cross-sectional shapes of the baffle and cover plate can be adjusted according to the shape of the desired polymer release surface, not limited to regular shapes, thus offering high practicality. The bottom profile of the baffle matches the profile of the surface to be treated, making it suitable for base plates of various profiles. Therefore, it can be used for drag reduction on various underwater vehicles and ship hulls.

[0039] The polymer release surface is applied to the bottom surface of underwater vehicles or ships. Upon contact with water flow, the drag-reducing polymer dissolves with the water-soluble polyethylene glycol, achieving the outflow release of the drag-reducing polymer. Figure 2-4 As shown, in the embodiment, the viscosity of water in the surface Couette flow field increases over time because the drag-reducing polymer and polyethylene glycol gradually dissolve and are released, thus achieving the drag-reducing function.

[0040] The following examples illustrate the effects in detail:

[0041] Example 1:

[0042] Step 1. Melting of polyethylene glycol

[0043] Place polyethylene glycol in a beaker and heat it in an oven until it is completely melted.

[0044] The polyethylene glycol has a molecular weight of 2000.

[0045] The oven temperature is 53°C.

[0046] The heating time is 2 hours.

[0047] Step 2. Preparation of the mixture

[0048] Add polyethylene oxide to the polyethylene glycol in step 1 and stir with a glass rod until fully mixed to obtain a mixture.

[0049] The polyethylene oxide has a molecular weight of 4 million.

[0050] The mass ratio of the polyethylene oxide to the polyethylene glycol in step 1 is 3:10.

[0051] The stirring time is 20 seconds.

[0052] Step 3. Sealing the surface to be treated

[0053] The base plate is sealed by surrounding it with baffles, and the baffles are bonded to the surface and to each other with double-sided tape. After the cover plate is placed on top, the cover plate and the base plate are clamped together.

[0054] The surrounding sealing method is as follows Figure 1 As shown, the base plate, baffle, and cover plate together form a sealed cavity, resulting in the encapsulation structure of the surface to be treated.

[0055] Step 4. Add ingredients

[0056] Add the mixture described in step 2 through the feed port until the liquid level in the feed port is a certain distance above the cover plate. Then turn on the heater and adjust it to a certain temperature.

[0057] The liquid level exceeds the cover plate by 50mm.

[0058] The heater temperature is 60°C.

[0059] Step 5. Shaping

[0060] After standing for 30 minutes, turn off the heater and let it stand for another 30 minutes. After removing the cover and baffle, the solids in the feed port will remain on the molding surface. Cut off the solids in the feed port along the molding surface to obtain a complete cuboid-shaped polymer slow-release surface.

[0061] The release effect is as follows: Figure 2 As shown.

[0062] Example 2:

[0063] Step 1. Melting of polyethylene glycol

[0064] Place polyethylene glycol in a beaker and heat it in an oven until it is completely melted.

[0065] The polyethylene glycol has a molecular weight of 6000.

[0066] The oven temperature is 65℃.

[0067] The heating time is 2.5 hours.

[0068] Step 2. Preparation of the mixture

[0069] Add polyethylene oxide to the polyethylene glycol in step 1 and stir with a glass rod until fully mixed to obtain a mixture.

[0070] The polyethylene oxide has a molecular weight of 8 million.

[0071] The mass ratio of the polyethylene oxide to the polyethylene glycol in step 1 is 1:5.

[0072] The stirring time is 30 seconds.

[0073] Step 3. Sealing the surface to be treated

[0074] The base plate is sealed by surrounding it with baffles, and the baffles are bonded to the surface and to each other with double-sided tape. After the cover plate is placed on top, the cover plate and the base plate are clamped together.

[0075] The surrounding sealing method is as follows Figure 1 As shown, the base plate, baffle, and cover plate together form a sealed cavity, resulting in the encapsulation structure of the surface to be treated.

[0076] Step 4. Add ingredients

[0077] Add the mixture described in step 2 through the feed port until the liquid level in the feed port is a certain distance above the cover plate. Then turn on the heater and adjust it to a certain temperature.

[0078] The liquid level exceeds the cover plate by 70mm.

[0079] The heater temperature is 70°C.

[0080] Step 5. Shaping

[0081] After standing for 30 minutes, turn off the heater and let it stand for another 30 minutes. After removing the cover and baffle, the solids in the feed port will remain on the molding surface. Cut off the solids in the feed port along the molding surface to obtain a complete cuboid-shaped polymer slow-release surface.

[0082] The release effect is as follows: Figure 3 As shown.

[0083] Example 3

[0084] Step 1. Melting of polyethylene glycol

[0085] Place polyethylene glycol in a beaker and heat it in an oven until it is completely melted.

[0086] The polyethylene glycol has a molecular weight of 20,000.

[0087] The oven temperature is 80℃.

[0088] The heating time is 3 hours.

[0089] Step 2. Preparation of the mixture

[0090] Add polyethylene oxide to the polyethylene glycol in step 1 and stir with a glass rod until fully mixed to obtain a mixture.

[0091] The polyethylene oxide has a molecular weight of 10 million.

[0092] The mass ratio of the polyethylene oxide to the polyethylene glycol in step 1 is 1:10.

[0093] The stirring time is 40 seconds.

[0094] Step 3. Sealing the surface to be treated

[0095] The base plate is sealed by surrounding it with baffles, and the baffles are bonded to the surface and to each other with double-sided tape. After the cover plate is placed on top, the cover plate and the base plate are clamped together.

[0096] The surrounding sealing method is as follows Figure 1 As shown, the base plate, baffle, and cover plate together form a sealed cavity, resulting in the encapsulation structure of the surface to be treated.

[0097] Step 4. Add ingredients

[0098] Add the mixture described in step 2 through the feed port until the liquid level in the feed port is a certain distance above the cover plate. Then turn on the heater and adjust it to a certain temperature.

[0099] The liquid level exceeds the cover plate by 90mm.

[0100] The heater temperature is 80°C.

[0101] Step 5. Shaping

[0102] After standing for 30 minutes, turn off the heater and let it stand for another 30 minutes. After removing the cover and baffle, the solids in the feed port will remain on the molding surface. Cut off the solids in the feed port along the molding surface to obtain a complete cuboid-shaped polymer slow-release surface.

[0103] The release effect is as follows: Figure 4 As shown.

[0104] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a polymer sustained-release surface, characterized in that... The specific steps are as follows: Step 1: Melt polyethylene glycol; Step 2: Prepare a mixture of polyethylene glycol and polyethylene oxide; add polyethylene oxide to the melted polyethylene glycol and stir with a glass rod to obtain a mixture; the molecular weight of the polyethylene oxide is 4 million to 10 million; the mass ratio of the polyethylene oxide to the melted polyethylene glycol is 1:3 to 10; the stirring time is 20 to 40 seconds. Step 3: Seal the surface to be treated, leaving a feeding port for the mixture; Step 4: Feeding; The mixture prepared in Step 2 is injected into the encapsulation structure through the feeding port until the liquid level in the feeding port is higher than the top surface of the encapsulation structure; then the mixture is heated; the mixture is heated using a heater, and the temperature is adjusted to 60-80℃; the distance between the liquid level in the feeding port and the top surface of the encapsulation structure is 50-90mm. Step 5: Molding; After heating and letting stand for 30 minutes, stop heating and let stand for another 30 minutes; Remove the encapsulation structure of the surface to be treated and cut off the residual solid at the feeding port to obtain a smooth polymer slow-release surface.

2. The method for preparing a polymer sustained-release surface according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 1, the polyethylene glycol is placed in a beaker and then heated in an oven until it is completely melted; the oven temperature is 53-80℃; the heating time is 2-3 hours; and the molecular weight of the polyethylene glycol is 2000-20000.

3. The method for preparing a polymer sustained-release surface according to claim 2, characterized in that: In step 3, the feeding port is located at the top of the encapsulation structure.

4. The method for preparing a polymer sustained-release surface according to claim 1, characterized in that: The apparatus for preparing the polymer sustained-release surface includes a base plate, a baffle, a cover plate, and a feeding port. The upper surface of the base plate is the surface to be treated. The baffle has an annular structure. The cover plate is a flat plate with a shape consistent with the annular cross-sectional shape of the baffle. The feeding port is a straight pipe with openings at both ends. The lower end face of the baffle is sealed to the surface to be treated on the bottom plate, and the upper end face is sealed to the cover plate, forming a sealed cavity, which is the encapsulation structure of the surface to be treated; the bottom end of the feeding port passes through and is fixed in the through hole of the cover plate, and the top end is set upward, for feeding material into the encapsulation structure.

5. The method for preparing a polymer sustained-release surface according to claim 4, characterized in that: The preparation device also includes a heater, which is a cylindrical structure with a central through hole and slits parallel to the axial direction on its sidewalls, so as to facilitate fitting onto the feeding port.

6. The method for preparing a polymer sustained-release surface according to claim 4, characterized in that: The base plate, baffle, and cover plate are all bonded together with double-sided adhesive. After bonding, clamps are used to clamp the outer end faces of the base plate and cover plate, ensuring sealing while facilitating disassembly.

7. The method for preparing a polymer sustained-release surface according to claim 6, characterized in that: The bottom profile of the baffle is consistent with the profile of the surface to be treated, making it suitable for base plates of various profiles; the annular cross-sectional shape of the baffle is adjusted according to the shape of the required polymer slow-release surface.

8. An application of a polymer sustained-release surface, characterized in that: The polymer slow-release surface prepared by the preparation method according to any one of claims 1-7 is installed on the outer surface of the vehicle. Under the action of water flow, the drag-reducing polymer dissolves and is released with water-soluble polyethylene glycol. The viscosity of water in the surface flow field increases over time, thereby completing the drag-reducing function.

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