Marine fuel cell cooling water control apparatus and method

Abstract

The application relates to a marine fuel cell cooling water control device and method, which comprises a cooling water pump, a water pump starting cabinet, a heat exchanger, a heater, an electric control three-way valve, a pure water tank, monitoring sensors and a control cabinet; the control cabinet is electrically connected with the water pump starting cabinet, the heater, the electric control three-way valve and the monitoring sensors respectively, the water pump starting cabinet is electrically connected with the cooling water pump, the cooling water pump is arranged at the outlet of the pure water tank, the heater is arranged in the pure water tank, the electric control three-way valve is arranged at the outlet of the fuel cell cooling water, and the heat exchanger is arranged behind the electric control three-way valve. The monitoring sensors are used for real-time monitoring of the fuel cell cooling water system, the heater is used for heating the cooling water, the heat exchanger is used for cooling, and the opening degree of the electric control three-way valve is controlled to maintain the temperature of the cooling water, so that the working temperature of the fuel cell is stabilized, and the problems of performance reduction and battery failure of the fuel cell caused by unstable working temperature are solved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of ship application of hydrogen fuel cell, and particularly relates to a fuel cell cooling water control device and method for ship. BACKGROUND

[0002] In recent years, international conventions and regulations on ship emissions are becoming increasingly stringent, and developing green ship manufacturing and green shipping and building a green ocean have become an important direction for the future. Hydrogen fuel cells have become the most ideal power device for green ships due to their high energy conversion efficiency, high energy density, low vibration and noise, and zero emissions, and have broad market application background.

[0003] During the operation of the fuel cell, temperature is one of the most important factors affecting its performance. If the operating environment temperature of the fuel cell stack is too low, the impedance of the cell will increase, the polarization will increase, and the overall performance will decrease. If the operating environment temperature of the fuel cell is too high, the proton exchange membrane will be dehydrated, and in severe cases, the membrane will rupture to form micropores, and the gases on both sides will directly contact and react through the exchange membrane, causing the cell to fail. Therefore, in order to maintain the working temperature of the fuel cell, a cooling water system needs to be provided for thermal management of the fuel cell. However, the application of hydrogen fuel cell systems on ships is still in the early exploration and demonstration stage, and there are few mature products for cooling schemes for high-power fuel cell power generation systems. The fuel cell power generation system cooling water control method in the prior art is mostly applied to the field of vehicle fuel cells. The total power required by the fuel cell power generation system for ship use is large, the cooling water pipeline is longer and more complex, the system operating conditions are complex, and the control of the cooling water system is more difficult. Therefore, it is necessary to provide a fuel cell cooling water control device and method for ship application to maintain the stability of the working temperature of the fuel cell. SUMMARY

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a fuel cell cooling water control device and method for ship application to maintain the stability of the working temperature of the fuel cell.

[0005] To solve the above problems, the present application provides a fuel cell cooling water control device for ship, comprising a cooling water pump, a water pump starting cabinet, a heat exchanger, a heater, an electrically controlled three-way valve, a pure water tank, a monitoring sensor and a control cabinet.

[0006] The control cabinet is electrically connected with the water pump starting cabinet, the heater, the electrically controlled three-way valve and the monitoring sensor, respectively. The water pump starting cabinet is electrically connected with the cooling water pump. The cooling water pump is arranged at the outlet of the pure water tank. The heater is arranged in the pure water tank. The electrically controlled three-way valve is arranged at the outlet of the fuel cell cooling water. The heat exchanger is arranged behind the electrically controlled three-way valve.

[0007] The cooling water pump is used for pumping the cooling water in the pure water tank;

[0008] The water pump starting cabinet is used for driving the cooling water pump;

[0009] The heat exchanger is used for cooling the cooling water flowing out of the fuel cell;

[0010] The heater is used for heating the cooling water in the pure water tank;

[0011] The electrically-controlled three-way valve is used for controlling the flow of the cooling water flowing through the fuel cell;

[0012] The pure water tank is used for storing the cooling water;

[0013] The monitoring sensor is used for monitoring the cooling water system of the fuel cell in real time and transmitting the monitoring sensor data to the control cabinet;

[0014] The control cabinet is used for controlling the running state of the water pump starting cabinet, the heater and the electrically-controlled three-way valve according to the sensor data, so that the temperature of the cooling water flowing through the fuel cell is maintained in a preset temperature range.

[0015] Optionally, the monitoring sensor comprises a water pump pressure sensor, a cell inlet temperature sensor, a cell outlet temperature sensor, an electric conductivity sensor, a water tank temperature sensor, a liquid level sensor, a fresh water inlet flow sensor and a fresh water outlet temperature sensor;

[0016] The water pump pressure sensor is arranged at the outlet of the cooling water pump, the cell inlet temperature sensor is arranged at the water inlet of the fuel cell, the cell outlet temperature sensor is arranged at the water outlet of the fuel cell, the electric conductivity sensor is arranged at the water inlet of the pure water tank, the water tank temperature sensor is arranged inside the pure water tank, the liquid level sensor is arranged at the top of the pure water tank, the fresh water inlet flow sensor is arranged at the fresh water inlet of the heat exchanger, and the fresh water outlet temperature sensor is arranged at the fresh water outlet of the heat exchanger.

[0017] Optionally, the control cabinet comprises an operation panel for parameter setting, instruction input and fault sound and light alarm.

[0018] Optionally, the cooling water pump comprises a main water pump and a standby water pump.

[0019] The application further provides a marine fuel cell cooling water control method applied to the marine fuel cell cooling water control device in any possible implementation manner.

[0020] drive the cooling water pump to run by the water pump starting cabinet to extract the cooling water in the pure water tank to the fuel cell;

[0021] acquire the temperature of the cooling water in the pure water tank by the monitoring sensor to obtain a water tank temperature value;

[0022] send a standby machine completion signal to the power generation system when the water tank temperature value is greater than a first preset temperature value, so that the power generation system starts the fuel cell;

[0023] acquire a preset working temperature value, a preset total power generation, and an inlet and outlet temperature difference of the fuel cell when the fuel cell is running;

[0024] control the opening of the electrically controlled three-way valve according to the inlet and outlet temperature difference and the preset total power generation, so that the working temperature of the fuel cell is the preset working temperature.

[0025] Optionally, before the step of driving the cooling water pump to run by the water pump starting cabinet to extract the cooling water in the pure water tank to the fuel cell, the method further comprises:

[0026] acquiring state feedback information based on the monitoring sensor after power-up;

[0027] controlling the water pump starting cabinet to start the cooling water pump by the control cabinet when the state feedback information meets a preset starting condition;

[0028] The state feedback information includes a water tank liquid level, the water tank temperature value, a water pump outlet pressure value, a battery inlet temperature value, a battery outlet temperature value, an electrical conductivity of the cooling water, a fresh water inlet flow, and a fresh water outlet temperature value.

[0029] Optionally, after the step of acquiring state feedback information based on the monitoring sensor after power-up, the method further comprises:

[0030] performing fault alarm to a user by the control cabinet when the state feedback information does not meet the preset starting condition.

[0031] Optionally, after the step of acquiring the temperature of the cooling water in the pure water tank by the monitoring sensor to obtain a water tank temperature value, the method further comprises:

[0032] controlling the heater to start and heat the cooling water in the pure water tank when the water tank temperature value is less than the first preset temperature value;

[0033] controlling the heater to stop heating when the temperature of the cooling water in the pure water tank is greater than a second threshold temperature value.

[0034] Optionally, before the step of controlling the heater to start and heat the cooling water in the pure water tank when the water tank temperature value is less than the first preset temperature value, the method further comprises the steps that:

[0035] When the water tank liquid level is lower than a preset water tank liquid level, a water replenishment prompt is given to a user through an operation panel of the control cabinet.

[0036] Optionally, after the step of controlling the opening degree of the electrically-controlled three-way valve according to the import and export temperature difference and the preset total power generation power so that the working temperature of the fuel cell is the preset working temperature, the method further comprises the steps that:

[0037] A power speed reference table is obtained;

[0038] A corresponding standard running speed is found from the power speed reference table according to the preset total power generation power;

[0039] The speed of the cooling water pump is adjusted based on the standard running speed.

[0040] The beneficial effects of the above embodiments are that the marine fuel cell cooling water control device provided by the application monitors the fuel cell cooling water system in real time through a monitoring sensor, receives the monitored data through a control cabinet, and controls a heater to heat the cooling water in a pure water tank according to the data, controls a heat exchanger to cool the cooling water flowing out of the fuel cell, and controls the opening degree of an electrically-controlled three-way valve to maintain the temperature of the cooling water, thereby ensuring the stability of the working temperature of the fuel cell and solving the problems of performance decline and battery failure of the fuel cell caused by unstable working temperature. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0041] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the application, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed to be used in the embodiment description. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without any creative effort on the basis of these drawings.

[0042] Figure 1 A structure schematic diagram of an embodiment of the marine fuel cell cooling water control device provided by the application;

[0043] Figure 2 A flow schematic diagram of an embodiment of the marine fuel cell cooling water control method provided by the application;

[0044] Figure 3 A flow schematic diagram of an embodiment before step S210 in the marine fuel cell cooling water control method provided by the application; Figure 2

[0045] Figure 4 ​An embodiment of the method according to the present application Figure 2 A flowchart of an embodiment of the method according to the present application after step S220.

[0046] Figure 5 An embodiment of the method according to the present application Figure 2 A flowchart of an embodiment of the method according to the present application after step S250. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0047] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments of the present application. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without creative work fall within the protection scope of the present application.

[0048] It should be understood that the schematic drawings are not drawn to scale. The flowchart used in the present application shows the operations implemented according to some embodiments of the present application. It should be understood that the operations of the flowchart can be implemented in no order, the steps without logical context relationship can be reversed in order or implemented simultaneously. In addition, one or more other operations can be added to the flowchart or one or more operations can be removed from the flowchart by a person skilled in the art under the guidance of the content of the present application.

[0049] Reference to "an embodiment" in this text means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment can be included in at least one embodiment of the present application. The phrase appears at various places in the specification does not necessarily all refer to the same embodiment, nor is it necessarily independent or alternative embodiments to other embodiments. It is explicitly and implicitly understood by a person skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein can be combined with other embodiments.

[0050] The embodiments of the present application provide a marine fuel cell cooling water control device and method, which are described below respectively.

[0051] Figure 1 An embodiment of the marine fuel cell cooling water control device provided by the present application is shown in the structural schematic diagram, as shown in the figure, the marine fuel cell cooling water control device comprises a cooling water pump 110, a water pump starting cabinet 120, a heat exchanger 130, a heater 140, an electric control three-way valve 150, a pure water tank 160, a monitoring sensor 170 and a control cabinet 180. Figure 1

[0052] ​The control cabinet 180 is electrically connected with the water pump starting cabinet 120, the heater 140, the electrically controlled three-way valve 150 and the monitoring sensor 170 respectively, the water pump starting cabinet 120 is electrically connected with the cooling water pump 110, the cooling water pump 110 is arranged at the outlet of the pure water tank 160, the heater 140 is arranged in the pure water tank, the electrically controlled three-way valve 150 is arranged at the outlet of the fuel cell cooling water, and the heat exchanger 130 is arranged behind the electrically controlled three-way valve 150.

[0053] The cooling water pump 110 is used for pumping the cooling water in the pure water tank 160.

[0054] The water pump starting cabinet 120 is used for driving the cooling water pump 110.

[0055] The heat exchanger 130 is used for cooling the cooling water flowing out of the fuel cell.

[0056] The heater 140 is used for heating the cooling water in the pure water tank 160.

[0057] The electrically controlled three-way valve 150 is used for controlling the flow of the cooling water flowing through the fuel cell.

[0058] The pure water tank 160 is used for storing the cooling water.

[0059] The monitoring sensor 170 is used for monitoring the cooling water system of the fuel cell in real time and transmitting the monitoring data to the control cabinet 180.

[0060] The control cabinet 180 is used for controlling the running state of the water pump starting cabinet 120, the heater 140 and the electrically controlled three-way valve 150 according to the sensing data, so that the temperature of the cooling water flowing through the fuel cell is maintained in the preset temperature range.

[0061] Compared with the prior art, the marine fuel cell cooling water control device provided by the embodiment can realize real-time monitoring of the fuel cell cooling water system by using the monitoring sensor, receive the monitoring data by the control cabinet, control the heater to heat the cooling water in the pure water tank according to the data, cool the cooling water flowing out of the fuel cell by the heat exchanger, and control the opening degree of the electrically controlled three-way valve to maintain the temperature of the cooling water, so as to ensure the stable working temperature of the fuel cell, and solve the problems of performance decline and battery failure of the fuel cell caused by unstable working temperature.

[0062] It can be understood that, Figure 1The solid line in the figure is the pipeline of the fuel cell cooling water system for a ship, and the dotted line is the electric connection line, which can be realized by a wire harness. In the embodiment of the present application, the control cabinet 180 can output control instructions of the fuel cell cooling water system by using a PLC controller. The water pump starting cabinet 120 can control the operation of the cooling water pump 110 by using a variable frequency starting mode according to the control instructions of the control cabinet 180. The heat exchanger 130 is a plate heat exchanger, which uses the fresh water or river water on the ship to realize the heat exchange operation of the cooling water, so as to reduce the temperature of the cooling water. The electric energy of the heater 140 can be the electric energy generated by the fuel cell power generation system itself, which is arranged in the pure water tank 160 and heats the cooling water in the pure water tank 160 by using the electric heating mode.

[0063] In some embodiments of the present application, as shown in Figure 1 The monitoring sensor 170 includes a water pump pressure sensor PT1, a battery inlet temperature sensor TT1, a battery outlet temperature sensor TT2, a conductivity sensor CT1, a water tank temperature sensor TT3, a liquid level sensor LT1, a fresh water inlet flow sensor Q1 and a fresh water outlet temperature sensor TT4.

[0064] The water pump pressure sensor PT1 is arranged at the outlet of the cooling water pump 110, the battery inlet temperature sensor TT1 is arranged at the water inlet of the fuel cell, the battery outlet temperature sensor TT2 is arranged at the water outlet of the fuel cell, the conductivity sensor CT1 is arranged at the water inlet of the pure water tank 160, the water tank temperature sensor TT3 is arranged inside the pure water tank 160, the liquid level sensor LT1 is arranged at the top of the pure water tank 160, the fresh water inlet flow sensor Q1 is arranged at the fresh water inlet of the heat exchanger 130, and the fresh water outlet temperature sensor TT4 is arranged at the fresh water outlet of the heat exchanger 130.

[0065] It should be noted that in the embodiment of the present application, the specific arrangement positions of the water pump pressure sensor PT1, the battery inlet temperature sensor TT1, the battery outlet temperature sensor TT2, the conductivity sensor CT1, the water tank temperature sensor TT3, the liquid level sensor LT1, the fresh water inlet flow sensor Q1 and the fresh water outlet temperature sensor TT4 can refer to Figure 1 , and the above sensors are electrically connected with the control cabinet 180, so as to transmit the monitoring signals to the control cabinet 180.

[0066] It can be understood that, in the embodiment of the present application, the control cabinet 180 can determine whether the heater 140 needs to heat the cooling water in the pure water tank 160 according to the temperature monitoring signal transmitted by the water tank temperature sensor TT1. For example, the minimum temperature value can be set to 25 DEG C and the maximum temperature value can be set to 50 DEG C. When the temperature of the cooling water in the pure water tank 160 is lower than 25 DEG C, the control cabinet 180 starts the heater 140 to heat the cooling water. When the temperature of the cooling water in the pure water tank 160 reaches 50 DEG C, the heater is turned off and the heating is stopped. Since the cooling water of the marine fuel cell power generation system has the characteristics of long time hysteresis and nonlinearity, the control cabinet 180 can also correct the PID control parameters by using the traditional PID control method combined with simulation calculation according to the data uploaded by the battery inlet temperature sensor TT1 and the battery outlet temperature sensor TT2 and the total power of the fuel cell power generation, and adjust the opening of the electrically controlled three-way valve 150, so as to realize accurate control of the temperature of the cooling water.

[0067] It can also be understood that, in the embodiment of the present application, the marine fuel cell cooling water control device needs to consume energy. In order to reduce the consumption of energy, the total power of the fuel cell can be divided into multiple levels, for example, P1, P2, P3, P4 and P5. Since the cooling water flow required by different levels of power is different, the corresponding rotating speed of the cooling water pump 110 can be matched, so that when the fuel cell power generation system operates at a low power, the cooling water pump 110 can operate at a low rotating speed, so as to reduce the energy consumption. The rotating speed corresponding to the specific power level can be set according to the actual situation, and the embodiment does not limit this.

[0068] In some embodiments of the present application, the control cabinet 180 includes an operation panel for parameter setting, instruction input and fault sound and light alarm.

[0069] It can be understood that, in the embodiment of the present application, in order to facilitate the user to view the actual operation of the fuel cell cooling water system and make corresponding parameter settings, a corresponding control panel is installed based on the control cabinet 180. The control panel can also sound and light alarm to the user when the cooling water temperature of the marine fuel cell cooling water control device is abnormal, or when the cooling water pump 110, the electrically controlled three-way valve 150 and other components fail.

[0070] In some embodiments of the present application, the cooling water pump 110 includes a main water pump 111 and a standby water pump 112.

[0071] It can be understood that, in the embodiment of the present application, the control cabinet 180 can send a water pump starting command to the water pump starting cabinet 120 according to the total power of the fuel cell power generation, and the water pump starting cabinet 120 can start the main water pump 111 or the standby water pump 112 according to the command, or start the main water pump 111 and the standby water pump 112 at the same time; at the same time, when the main water pump 111 fails, the standby water pump 112 can serve as a backup to prevent the marine fuel cell cooling water control device from being paralyzed.

[0072] On the other hand, based on the marine fuel cell cooling water control device, the embodiment of the present application also provides a marine fuel cell cooling water control method, which is applicable to the marine fuel cell cooling water control device described in any of the above embodiments; as shown in the figure, the marine fuel cell cooling water control method comprises the following steps: Figure 2

[0073] S210, driving the cooling water pump to operate by the water pump starting cabinet to extract the cooling water in the pure water tank to the fuel cell;

[0074] S220, obtaining the temperature of the cooling water in the pure water tank by using the monitoring sensor to obtain the water tank temperature value;

[0075] S230, sending a standby machine completion signal to the power generation system when the water tank temperature value is greater than the first preset temperature value, so as to start the fuel cell of the power generation system;

[0076] S240, obtaining the preset working temperature value, the preset total power, and the inlet and outlet temperature difference of the fuel cell when the fuel cell is operating;

[0077] S250, controlling the opening degree of the electrically controlled three-way valve according to the inlet and outlet temperature difference and the preset total power, so that the working temperature of the fuel cell is the preset working temperature.

[0078] It should be noted that, in the embodiment of the present application, since the fuel cell cannot be started in a low temperature environment, the temperature of the cooling water in the pure water tank needs to be detected before starting the fuel cell power generation system, and a standby machine completion signal is sent to the fuel cell power generation system when the temperature of the cooling water in the pure water tank reaches the starting condition of the fuel cell, so that the power generation system starts the fuel cell to generate power. The first preset temperature value can be set according to the starting requirement temperature of the fuel cell.

[0079] ​It can be understood that in the embodiment of the application, the preset working temperature and the preset total power generation are set by a user on a total controller of the power generation system according to the power generation demand and the actual working condition of the fuel cell, the control cabinet can be electrically connected with the total controller, so that the preset working temperature and the preset total power generation of the fuel cell are obtained, and the inlet and outlet temperature difference of the cooling water is obtained by a temperature sensor at the inlet and outlet of the fuel cell. In view of the long-time inertia and nonlinearity of the cooling water of the high-power marine fuel cell power generation system, an adaptive control algorithm is designed based on the traditional PID control method and combined with simulation calculation in the embodiment of the application. During the operation of the fuel cell power generation system, the control cabinet continuously corrects the PID parameters by using the control algorithm combined with the inlet and outlet temperature difference of the fuel cell and the preset total power generation, adjusts the opening degree of the electrically controlled three-way valve, and realizes accurate control of the temperature of the cooling water flowing through the fuel cell.

[0080] Compared with the prior art, the marine fuel cell cooling water control method provided by the embodiment of the application can ensure that the temperature of the cooling water flowing through the fuel cell is the preset working temperature, and further ensure that the working temperature of the fuel cell is stable, so that the problems of performance degradation and battery failure of the fuel cell caused by unstable working temperature are solved.

[0081] In some embodiments of the application, as shown in Figure 3 Before step S210, the method further includes:

[0082] S310, obtaining state feedback information based on a monitoring sensor after power-on;

[0083] S320, when the state feedback information meets a preset starting condition, starting the cooling water pump by using the control cabinet to control the water pump starting cabinet to start the cooling water pump.

[0084] The state feedback information includes the water tank liquid level, the water tank temperature value, the water pump outlet pressure value, the battery inlet temperature value, the battery outlet temperature value, the conductivity of the cooling water, the fresh water inlet flow and the fresh water outlet temperature value. In the embodiment of the application, the preset starting condition includes that the water tank liquid level is greater than a preset liquid level, the water tank temperature value is greater than a minimum preset temperature threshold and less than a maximum temperature threshold, the water pump outlet pressure value is within a preset pressure range, the inlet and outlet cooling water temperature difference of the fuel cell is within an allowable range, the conductivity of the cooling water is lower than a preset value, the outer circulation water flow of the heat exchanger is greater than a preset value, the outer circulation water temperature is less than a preset value, and the water pump frequency converter is normal.

[0085] In some embodiments of the application, after step S310, the method further includes:

[0086] Step S320', when the state feedback information does not satisfy the preset starting condition, the control cabinet alarms the user of a fault.

[0087] It can be understood that in the embodiments of the present application, two threshold values are set for part of the state feedback information according to the actual situation of the marine fuel cell cooling water control device, which are a first threshold value and a second threshold value. For example, the water tank liquid level can correspond to a first liquid level threshold value and a second liquid level threshold value. When the water tank liquid level is lower than the first liquid level threshold value, only an alarm is given, and when it is lower than the second liquid level threshold value, a fault prompt is given. The judgment logic corresponding to other feedback information can be set according to the specific situation and demand, and the embodiments of the present application do not limit this.

[0088] It can also be understood that in the embodiments of the present application, the display panel of the control cabinet is used for fault alarm, and the alarm mode can include audible and visual alarms, and the fault alarm prompt can also be given through text picture information.

[0089] In some embodiments of the present application, as shown in Figure 4 , step S220 further includes:

[0090] S410, when the water tank temperature value is less than a first preset temperature value, the heater is controlled to start, and the cooling water in the pure water tank is heated;

[0091] S420, when the temperature of the cooling water in the pure water tank is greater than a second threshold temperature value, the heater is controlled to stop heating.

[0092] It can be understood that in the embodiments of the present application, the control cabinet can control the operation of the heater according to the detected temperature of the cooling water in the pure water tank, so that the temperature of the cooling water in the pure water tank is maintained in a preset temperature range, so as to meet the starting temperature condition of the fuel cell in the fuel cell power generation system.

[0093] In some embodiments of the present application, step S410 includes:

[0094] S401, when the water tank liquid level is lower than a preset water tank liquid level, the user is prompted to add water through the operation panel of the control cabinet.

[0095] It can be understood that in the embodiments of the present application, when it is detected that the liquid level of the pure water tank is too low, the low liquid level information is displayed through the operation panel of the control cabinet to prompt the user to supplement the cooling water in the pure water tank.

[0096] In some embodiments of the present application, as shown in Figure 5 , step S250 further includes:

[0097] S510, a power speed reference table is obtained

[0098] S520, searching for a corresponding standard running speed from the power-speed table according to the preset total power generation;

[0099] S530, adjusting the speed of the cooling water pump based on the standard running speed.

[0100] It can be understood that, in order to reduce the auxiliary power consumption of the fuel cell power generation system, the embodiment of the present application proposes a power-speed table, which is a cooling water flow rate table corresponding to the demand of different output powers of the fuel cell. For example, the power generation power is divided into five gears P1, P2, P3, P4 and P5, and different speeds are matched according to different gears. For example, when the power generation power is greater than 0 and less than P1, the corresponding speed is N1, when the power generation power is greater than P1 and less than P2, the corresponding speed is N2, and so on. When the fuel cell is in low power operation, the corresponding speed of the power generation power can be obtained according to the power-speed table, and the cooling water pump is controlled to operate at the speed, so as to reduce the energy consumption of the cooling water pump, thereby achieving the purpose of reducing the auxiliary power consumption.

[0101] The marine fuel cell cooling water control method provided by the embodiment of the present application uses fresh water or river water to cool the cooling water flowing through the fuel cell through the heat exchanger. By monitoring the temperature and pressure of the inlet and outlet of the fuel cell cooling water and the total power of the power generation system, the speed of the cooling water pump and the opening of the electrically controlled three-way valve are adjusted adaptively by using the PID control method, so as to realize accurate adjustment of the cooling water temperature, thereby ensuring that the fuel cell operates at the best working temperature. On the other hand, under the condition of meeting the working condition of the fuel cell, the speed of the water pump is reduced as much as possible, thereby realizing the purpose of energy saving.

[0102] It should be noted that the steps in the method in the above embodiment can be increased or expanded according to each module or unit in the ship seawater cooling system monitoring energy efficiency evaluation device. For details, see the description of the ship seawater cooling system energy efficiency online monitoring evaluation device embodiment. Here, no further description is given.

[0103] The marine fuel cell cooling water control device and method provided by the present application are described in detail above. In this paper, specific examples are applied to describe the principles and implementation methods of the present application. The above description of the embodiments is only used to help understand the method and core idea of the present application. Meanwhile, for those skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present application, the specific implementation method and application range will be changed. In view of the above, the content of the specification should not be understood as a limitation of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for controlling cooling water in a marine fuel cell, applied to a marine fuel cell cooling water control device, characterized in that, The marine fuel cell cooling water control device includes a cooling water pump, a pump starter cabinet, a heat exchanger, a heater, an electrically controlled three-way valve, a pure water tank, monitoring sensors, and a control cabinet. The control cabinet is electrically connected to the pump starter cabinet, the heater, the electrically controlled three-way valve, and the monitoring sensors. The pump starter cabinet is electrically connected to the cooling water pump. The cooling water pump is located at the outlet of the pure water tank. The heater is located inside the pure water tank. The electrically controlled three-way valve is located at the fuel cell cooling water outlet. The heat exchanger is located downstream of the electrically controlled three-way valve. The monitoring sensors include: a pump pressure sensor, a battery inlet temperature sensor, a battery outlet temperature sensor, a conductivity sensor, a water tank temperature sensor, a liquid level sensor, a freshwater inlet flow sensor, and a freshwater outlet temperature sensor. The water pump pressure sensor is located at the outlet of the cooling water pump, the battery inlet temperature sensor is located at the inlet of the fuel cell, the battery outlet temperature sensor is located at the outlet of the fuel cell, the conductivity sensor is located at the inlet of the pure water tank, the water tank temperature sensor is located inside the pure water tank, the liquid level sensor is located at the top of the pure water tank, the fresh water inlet flow sensor is located at the fresh water inlet of the heat exchanger, and the fresh water outlet temperature sensor is located at the fresh water outlet of the heat exchanger. The cooling water pump is used to draw cooling water from the pure water tank; The water pump starter cabinet is used to drive the cooling water pump; The heat exchanger is used to cool the cooling water flowing out after passing through the fuel cell; The heater is used to heat the cooling water in the pure water tank; The electrically controlled three-way valve is used to control the flow rate of the cooling water flowing through the fuel cell; The pure water tank is used to store the cooling water; The monitoring sensor is used to monitor the cooling water system of the fuel cell in real time and transmit the monitored sensor data to the control cabinet. The control cabinet is used to control the operating status of the water pump starter cabinet, the heater and the electronically controlled three-way valve according to the sensor data, so as to maintain the temperature of the cooling water flowing through the fuel cell within a preset temperature range. The method for controlling cooling water in marine fuel cells includes the following steps: The cooling water pump is driven by the water pump starter cabinet to draw cooling water from the pure water tank to the fuel cell. The temperature of the cooling water in the pure water tank is obtained by using a monitoring sensor to obtain the tank temperature value; When the temperature of the water tank exceeds a first preset temperature value, a standby completion signal is sent to the power generation system to enable the power generation system to start the fuel cell. During the operation of the fuel cell, the preset operating temperature value, preset total power generation, and inlet / outlet temperature difference of the fuel cell are obtained; The opening degree of the electronically controlled three-way valve is controlled according to the inlet and outlet temperature difference and the preset total power generation, so that the operating temperature of the fuel cell is the preset operating temperature; After the step of acquiring the temperature of the cooling water in the pure water tank using a monitoring sensor to obtain the tank temperature value, the method further includes: When the temperature of the water tank is lower than the first preset temperature value, the heater is activated to heat the cooling water in the pure water tank. When the temperature of the cooling water in the pure water tank is greater than the second threshold temperature value, the heater is controlled to stop heating; After the step of controlling the opening of the electronically controlled three-way valve according to the inlet and outlet temperature difference and the preset total power generation to make the operating temperature of the fuel cell the preset operating temperature, the method further includes: Obtain the power-speed comparison table; The corresponding standard operating speed is found from the power-speed comparison table based on the preset total power generation; The speed of the cooling water pump is adjusted based on the standard operating speed.

2. The method for controlling cooling water for marine fuel cells according to claim 1, characterized in that, The control cabinet includes an operation panel for setting parameters, inputting commands, and triggering audible and visual alarms for faults.

3. The method for controlling cooling water for marine fuel cells according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cooling water pump includes a main water pump and a standby water pump.

4. The method for controlling cooling water for marine fuel cells according to claim 1, characterized in that, Before the step of driving the cooling water pump through the water pump starter cabinet to draw cooling water from the pure water tank to the fuel cell, the following steps are also included: After power-on, status feedback information is obtained based on the monitoring sensors; When the status feedback information meets the preset start-up conditions, the control cabinet controls the water pump start-up cabinet to start the cooling water pump. The status feedback information includes the water tank level, the water tank temperature, the water pump outlet pressure, the battery inlet temperature, the battery outlet temperature, the conductivity of the cooling water, the fresh water inlet flow rate, and the fresh water outlet temperature.

5. The method for controlling cooling water for marine fuel cells according to claim 4, characterized in that, After the step of obtaining status feedback information based on the monitoring sensor after power-on, the method further includes: When the status feedback information does not meet the preset start conditions, a fault alarm is sent to the user through the control cabinet.

6. The method for controlling cooling water for marine fuel cells according to claim 1, characterized in that, Before the step of controlling the heater to start and heat the cooling water in the pure water tank when the water tank temperature is lower than the first preset temperature value, the method further includes: When the water level in the tank is lower than the preset water level, a water replenishment prompt will be sent to the user via the control panel of the control cabinet.

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