Drilling fluid flow channel pressure control system and method based on wireless short-transmission communication

Abstract

The application discloses a drilling fluid flow channel pressure control system and method based on wireless short transmission communication. The system comprises: a pressure detection unit arranged at a specified position of a drilling fluid flow channel, used for detecting the drilling fluid flow channel pressure at the position; a wireless short transmission transmitting short section used for transmitting drilling fluid flow channel pressure data to a wireless short transmission receiving short section, the wireless short transmission receiving short section used for transmitting the drilling fluid flow channel pressure data to a closed-loop adjustment control circuit through a MWD system; and / or the wireless short transmission transmitting short section used for transmitting the drilling fluid flow channel pressure data to the closed-loop adjustment control circuit; and the closed-loop adjustment control circuit used for generating a control signal according to the drilling fluid flow channel pressure data, and controlling a hydraulic thrust block unit to change the position of a thrust block, so as to change the drilling fluid flow channel area and adjust the drilling fluid flow channel pressure. The drilling fluid flow channel pressure can be adjusted in real time, and the drilling fluid pressure condition for maintaining the mud pressure wave pulse signal transmission can be maintained.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of oil drilling engineering, and particularly relates to a drilling fluid flow channel pressure control system and method based on wireless short transmission communication. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the development of deep complex oil and gas resources such as shale oil and gas, it is necessary to drill a deeper and longer horizontal well trajectory in the reservoir. In addition, the downhole formation environment of unconventional complex oil and gas resources such as shale oil and gas is complex, and near-bit geosteering drilling instruments are needed for drilling operations. By detecting the changes in geological structure and lithology characteristics in the reservoir, and taking appropriate adjustment measures, the well trajectory can be ensured to pass through the reservoir.

[0003] When the geosteering instrument operates in the complex downhole environment, in order to adapt the surface drilling fluid pump to the pressure change in the wellbore, a flow limiting ring is usually installed at the downhole drilling fluid pressure pulse generator to change the drilling fluid pressure adjustment discharge in the wellbore, which causes the coded pulse signal emitted to be severely attenuated, so that the pressure sensor and the drilling fluid pressure wave coded pulse demodulation circuit system on the ground are difficult to correctly detect and effectively demodulate various geological and engineering parameters measured in real time downhole. Therefore, it is impossible to ensure that the current well trajectory passes through the reservoir, and thus the high-quality reservoir drilling rate cannot be effectively ensured.

[0004] For example, a drilling while measuring instrument is disclosed in Chinese Utility Model Patent No. 212642705U, which comprises a directional probe pipe, a pulse drive assembly connected below the directional probe pipe, and a main valve head provided at the bottom end of the pulse drive assembly. A circulation sleeve is installed outside the main valve head, and a flow limiting ring is provided inside the lower end of the circulation sleeve. The use method of the flow limiting ring in the patent is the traditional and typical method in the field. Before the instrument is lowered into the wellbore, different specifications and sizes of flow limiting rings are used near the mushroom head position of the drilling fluid pressure wave pulse generator according to the discharge parameters of the surface drilling fluid pump. By adjusting the flow limiting ring ratio to adjust the drilling fluid flow channel area, the drilling fluid pressure conditions suitable for mud pressure wave pulse signal communication transmission are generated.

[0005] The implementation scheme of changing the drilling fluid pressure adjustment discharge in the wellbore by installing the flow limiting ring in the prior art cannot effectively solve the problem of drilling fluid change in the wellbore caused by the downhole pressure change in the complex formation, thereby destroying the drilling fluid pressure conditions suitable for mud pressure wave pulse signal transmission, and causing the problem that the pressure sensor and the drilling fluid pressure wave coded pulse demodulation circuit system on the ground cannot effectively detect and demodulate the downhole real-time measured geological and engineering information. SUMMARY

[0006] In view of the above problems, the present application is proposed to provide a drilling fluid flow channel pressure control system and method based on wireless short transmission communication to overcome the above problems or at least partially solve the above problems.

[0007] The drilling fluid flow channel pressure control system based on wireless short communication comprises a hydraulic thrust block unit, a wireless short communication unit, a pressure detection unit and a closed-loop regulation control circuit.

[0008] The pressure detection unit is arranged at a specified position of the drilling fluid flow channel and is used for detecting the drilling fluid flow channel pressure at the position.

[0009] The wireless short communication unit comprises a wireless short communication transmitting short section and a wireless short communication receiving short section arranged on both sides of the screw motor, the wireless short communication transmitting short section is used for transmitting the drilling fluid flow channel pressure data to the wireless short communication receiving short section, the wireless short communication receiving short section is used for transmitting the drilling fluid flow channel pressure data to the closed-loop regulation control circuit through the MWD system, and / or the wireless short communication transmitting short section transmits the drilling fluid flow channel pressure data to the closed-loop regulation control circuit.

[0010] The closed-loop regulation control circuit is used for generating a control signal according to the drilling fluid flow channel pressure data, and controlling the hydraulic thrust block unit to change the position of the thrust block so as to change the drilling fluid flow channel area and regulate the drilling fluid flow channel pressure.

[0011] In some optional embodiments, the hydraulic thrust block unit comprises a first thrust block, a second thrust block, a flow control unit and a power supply unit.

[0012] The power supply unit provides power for a hydraulic pump, and the hydraulic pump pressurizes the hydraulic oil in a liquid cylinder into branch pipelines connected with the first thrust block and the second thrust block.

[0013] The flow control unit controls the working pressure in each branch pipeline so as to control the distance between the first thrust block and the second thrust block.

[0014] In some optional embodiments, the power supply unit comprises a brushless direct current motor, a gear reducer and a hydraulic power source.

[0015] The brushless direct current motor is connected with the gear reducer, the gear reducer is connected with the hydraulic power source, the hydraulic power source is connected with the first thrust block and the second thrust block through branch pipelines, and the hydraulic power source provides power for the first thrust block and the second thrust block to move.

[0016] In some optional embodiments, the flow control unit comprises a flow control valve, a throttle valve and an overflow valve.

[0017] The flow control valve is arranged in the branch pipeline from the hydraulic power source to the first thrust block and the branch pipeline from the hydraulic power source to the second thrust block, so as to control the flow of the hydraulic oil in the branch pipelines.

[0018] Throttling valves are installed in the return oil lines of the branch lines from the hydraulic power source to the first push block and the branch lines from the hydraulic power source to the second push block to control the working pressure of the branch lines.

[0019] The outlet pipeline of the hydraulic power source is connected to an overflow valve to control the pressure and flow rate of the hydraulic oil pressed out by the hydraulic power source, so that the pressed hydraulic oil maintains constant pressure and constant flow rate.

[0020] In some optional embodiments, the pressure detection unit includes:

[0021] A first pressure detection sensor and a first pressure detection circuit are installed between the drill bit and the screw motor drill tool to collect real-time pressure data of the drilling fluid flow channel at the location and transmit it to a wireless short transmission receiving section via a wireless short transmission transmitting section.

[0022] The second pressure detection sensor and the second pressure detection circuit, located above the pulse generator, are used to collect real-time pressure data of the drilling fluid flow channel at the location and send it to the closed-loop regulation and control circuit.

[0023] In some optional embodiments, the closed-loop regulation control circuit is specifically used for:

[0024] Based on the drilling fluid flow channel pressure data sent by the first pressure detection circuit and the second pressure detection circuit;

[0025] Determine whether the pressure difference in the drilling fluid flow channel between the location of the first pressure sensor and the location of the second pressure sensor is greater than a preset first pressure difference threshold and less than a preset second pressure difference threshold.

[0026] If the pressure difference exceeds the preset first pressure difference threshold, a control signal is generated to control the push block in the hydraulic push block unit to move outward, increasing the drilling fluid flow channel area to reduce the drilling fluid flow channel pressure at the location of the second pressure detection sensor.

[0027] If the pressure difference is less than the preset second pressure difference threshold, a control signal is generated to control the push block in the hydraulic push block unit to move inward, thereby reducing the drilling fluid flow channel area and increasing the drilling fluid flow channel pressure at the location of the second pressure detection sensor.

[0028] In some alternative embodiments, the wireless short-transfer receiving section is located in the MWD system.

[0029] This invention provides a drilling fluid flow channel pressure control method, comprising:

[0030] A pressure detection unit installed at a designated location in the drilling fluid flow channel detects the pressure in the drilling fluid flow channel at that location.

[0031] The wireless short-transmitter transmits the drilling fluid flow channel pressure data to the wireless short-transmitter receiver, which then transmits the drilling fluid flow channel pressure data to the closed-loop regulation and control circuit via the MWD system; and / or the wireless short-transmitter transmits the drilling fluid flow channel pressure data to the closed-loop regulation and control circuit.

[0032] The closed-loop regulation and control circuit generates a control signal based on the drilling fluid flow channel pressure data, and controls the hydraulic push block unit to change the position of the push block in order to change the drilling fluid flow channel area and adjust the drilling fluid flow channel pressure.

[0033] In some optional embodiments, the closed-loop regulation control circuit generates a control signal based on the drilling fluid flow channel pressure data, and controls the hydraulic push block unit to change the position of the push block, thereby changing the drilling fluid flow channel area and regulating the drilling fluid flow channel pressure, including:

[0034] Based on the drilling fluid flow channel pressure data sent by the first pressure detection circuit and the second pressure detection circuit;

[0035] Determine whether the pressure difference in the drilling fluid flow channel between the location of the first pressure sensor and the location of the second pressure sensor is greater than a preset first pressure difference threshold and less than a preset second pressure difference threshold.

[0036] If the pressure difference exceeds the preset first pressure difference threshold, a control signal is generated to control the push block in the hydraulic push block unit to move outward, increasing the drilling fluid flow channel area to reduce the drilling fluid flow channel pressure at the location of the second pressure detection sensor.

[0037] If the pressure difference is less than the preset second pressure difference threshold, a control signal is generated to control the push block in the hydraulic push block unit to move inward, thereby reducing the drilling fluid flow channel area and increasing the drilling fluid flow channel pressure at the location of the second pressure detection sensor.

[0038] This invention provides a transmission system based on wireless short-pass communication, including: a measurement unit, a wireless short-pass communication unit, a screw motor drill bit, and a MWD system;

[0039] The measurement unit is used to acquire measurement data, which includes measured near-bit geological engineering parameters and / or detected drilling fluid flow channel pressure data.

[0040] The wireless short-transmission communication unit includes a wireless short-transmission transmitting section and a wireless short-transmission receiving section located on both sides of the screw motor drill bit. The wireless short-transmission transmitting section is used to send the measurement data to the wireless short-transmission receiving section. The wireless short-transmission receiving section is located inside the MWD system and is used to send the measurement data to the MWD system. The MWD system is used to send the measurement data to the ground and / or closed-loop regulation and control circuit.

[0041] In some optional embodiments, the measuring unit includes a measuring section and / or a pressure detection unit;

[0042] The measuring sub is used to measure near-bit geological engineering parameters, and the pressure detection unit is used to detect drilling fluid flow channel pressure data.

[0043] The pressure detection unit includes a pressure detection sensor and a pressure detection circuit. The pressure detection circuit is used to collect data from the pressure detection sensor to obtain drilling fluid flow channel pressure data at the location of the pressure detection sensor and send it to the wireless short-transmission sub.

[0044] This invention provides a transmission method based on wireless short-pass communication, comprising:

[0045] The measurement unit acquires measurement data, which includes measured near-bit geological engineering parameters and / or detected drilling fluid flow channel pressure data;

[0046] The wireless short-transmission transmitting section sends the measurement data to the wireless short-transmission receiving section, which is located inside the MWD system;

[0047] The wireless short-transmission receiving section sends the measurement data to the MWD system;

[0048] The MWD system sends measurement data to the ground and / or closed-loop regulation and control circuitry.

[0049] This invention provides a drilling tool equipped with the aforementioned drilling fluid flow channel pressure control system based on wireless short-transmission communication and / or the aforementioned transmission system based on wireless short-transmission communication.

[0050] The beneficial effects of the above-described technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present invention include at least the following:

[0051] The drilling fluid flow channel pressure control system based on wireless short-transmission communication provided in this invention detects the drilling fluid flow channel pressure at a designated location through a pressure detection unit. This pressure is then transmitted to a closed-loop control circuit via a wireless short-transmission transmitter and receiver located on both sides of the screw motor through the MWD system. Alternatively, the pressure detection unit may also transmit drilling fluid flow channel pressure data to the closed-loop control circuit. The closed-loop control circuit generates a control signal based on the drilling fluid flow channel pressure data, controlling the hydraulic push block unit to change the position of the push block, thereby altering the drilling fluid flow channel area and adjusting the drilling fluid flow channel pressure. This allows for real-time adjustment of the drilling fluid pressure based on the real-time pressure conditions of the drilling fluid flow channel. Even in complex formations where downhole pressure changes cause variations in the drilling fluid within the wellbore, the drilling fluid flow channel pressure can be adjusted to a suitable range in a timely manner. This maintains the drilling fluid pressure conditions necessary for the transmission of mud pressure wave pulse signals, ensuring that downhole data is effectively transmitted to the surface and correctly demodulated by the surface receiving equipment, guaranteeing the accuracy and effectiveness of data transmission.

[0052] Other features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and will be apparent in part from the description, or may be learned by practicing the invention.

[0053] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. Attached Figure Description

[0054] The accompanying drawings are provided to further illustrate the invention and form part of the specification. They are used in conjunction with embodiments of the invention to explain the invention and do not constitute a limitation thereof. In the drawings:

[0055] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the transmission system based on wireless short-pass communication in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0056] Figure 2 This is a flowchart of the transmission method based on wireless short-pass communication in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0057] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the drilling fluid flow channel pressure control system based on wireless short-transmission communication in Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0058] Figure 4 This is a flowchart of the drilling fluid flow channel pressure control method based on wireless short-transmission communication in Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0059] Figure 5 This is a flowchart of the drilling fluid flow channel pressure closed-loop regulation system in Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0060] Figure 6This is a schematic diagram of the hydraulic circuit of the push block unit in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0061] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the mechanical structure of the push block in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0062] Exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. While exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present disclosure may be implemented in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the disclosure to those skilled in the art.

[0063] Because existing technologies that adjust drilling fluid flow rate by installing flow-limiting rings to change drilling fluid pressure in the wellbore can cause changes in drilling fluid in the wellbore when downhole pressure changes in complex formations, this disrupts the drilling fluid pressure conditions suitable for mud pressure wave pulse signal transmission. As a result, the surface pressure sensors and drilling fluid pressure wave encoding pulse demodulation circuit system cannot effectively detect and demodulate real-time downhole geological and engineering information. To solve the above problems, this invention provides a drilling fluid flow channel pressure control system based on wireless short-transmission communication, a transmission system based on wireless short-transmission communication, and related methods.

[0064] The wireless short-transmission communication-based transmission system provided in this embodiment of the invention integrates the wireless short-transmission receiving section into the Measure While Drilling (MWD) system. This integrated design of the wireless short-transmission receiving section into the MWD system structure makes the structure more compact. Compared to placing it between the MWD system and the screw motor drill string, the structure is simpler, the time spent locating fault points is greatly reduced, and the workload of downhole operations is reduced.

[0065] The drilling fluid flow channel pressure control system based on wireless short-transmission communication provided in this invention can control the position of the push block unit according to the real-time pressure of the drilling fluid flow channel during the operation of near-bit geological steering drilling instruments. By controlling the area of ​​the drilling fluid flow channel through the push block, the real-time pressure of the drilling fluid flow channel is achieved, ensuring the drilling fluid pressure conditions for the communication and transmission of mud pressure wave pulse signals. This enables the surface pressure sensor and the drilling fluid pressure wave encoding pulse demodulation circuit system to effectively monitor and demodulate the geological and engineering information measured downhole in real time, effectively ensuring the high-quality reservoir encounter rate.

[0066] Example 1

[0067] Embodiment 1 of the present invention provides a transmission system based on wireless short-pass communication, the structure of which is as follows: Figure 1As shown, it includes: a measurement unit, a wireless short-transmission communication unit, a screw motor drill bit 31, and a MWD system 41.

[0068] The measurement unit is used to acquire measurement data, which includes measured near-bit geological engineering parameters and / or detected drilling fluid flow channel pressure data.

[0069] The wireless short-transmission communication unit includes a wireless short-transmission transmitting section 21 and a wireless short-transmission receiving section 22 located on both sides of the screw motor drill bit 31. The wireless short-transmission transmitting section 21 is used to send measurement data to the wireless short-transmission receiving section 22. The wireless short-transmission receiving section 22 is located inside the MWD system and is used to send measurement data to the MWD system 41. The MWD system 41 sends the measurement data to the ground and / or closed-loop regulation and control circuit.

[0070] Optionally, the measurement unit includes a measurement sub 11 and / or a pressure detection unit. The measurement sub 11 is used to measure near-bit geological engineering parameters, and the pressure detection unit is used to detect drilling fluid flow channel pressure data. The pressure detection unit includes a first pressure detection sensor 12 and a first pressure detection circuit 61. The first pressure detection circuit 61 is used to collect data from the pressure detection sensor to obtain drilling fluid flow channel pressure data at the location of the first pressure detection sensor 12 and transmit it to the wireless short-transmission sub 21.

[0071] See Figure 1 As shown, this system is an integrated multi-functional downhole surface information remote transmission system. From left to right, it coaxially comprises a measurement sub 11, a wireless short-transmission sub 21, a screw motor drill string 31, and a MWD system 41. The wireless short-transmission receiving sub 22 is located within the MWD system 41. A pulse generator 51, which can be a pressure wave pulse generator, is located to the right of the MWD system 41. A flow-limiting ring 52 or a hydraulic push block unit is located to the left of the pulse generator 51. (Hydraulic push block unit) Figure 1 Not shown in the diagram. A first pressure sensor 12 and a first pressure detection circuit 61 are provided at the measuring section 11. The first pressure detection circuit 61 can transmit the detection data from the first pressure sensor 12 to the wireless short-transmission transmitting section 21, which in turn transmits the data to the wireless short-transmission receiving section 22. The wireless short-transmission receiving section 22 then transmits the data to the closed-loop control circuit. A second pressure sensor 13 and a second pressure detection circuit 62 are provided to the right of the pulse generator 51. The second pressure detection circuit 62 can directly transmit the detection data from the second pressure sensor 13 to the closed-loop control circuit. Alternatively, a wireless short-transmission transmitting section can also be provided near the second pressure detection circuit 62. Figure 1 (Not shown) is used to send the collected pressure data to the MWD system 41 for transmission to the ground.

[0072] The near-bit measurement sub 11 measures various geological and engineering parameters near the drill bit. The first pressure sensor 12 and the second pressure sensor 13 measure the drilling fluid flow channel pressure near the drill bit in real time. All the above measurement data are transmitted in the form of electromagnetic waves.

[0073] Measurement data is transmitted via the antenna of the near-bit wireless short-transmission transmitter 21. The transmitter 21 emits electromagnetic signals that travel across the screw motor drill string 31 to the MWD system 41. The receiver 22, located inside the MWD system 41, receives these electromagnetic signals. A well-designed and integrated mechanical structure of the receiver 22 and the MWD system 41 simplifies the overall structure, facilitating fault location and reducing troubleshooting time and downhole workload. The receiver 22 transmits the measurement data to the MWD system 41 and uploads it to the closed-loop control circuit. It can also selectively upload drilling fluid flow channel pressure data to the closed-loop control circuit. Other parameters, such as near-bit geological parameters, can be transmitted to the surface as pressure pulse fluctuation signals. Pressure sensors at the surface detect and demodulate various downhole geological parameters. Alternatively, drilling fluid flow channel pressure data can also be uploaded to the surface.

[0074] Embodiment 1 of the present invention also provides a transmission method based on wireless short-pass communication, which realizes data transmission through the above-mentioned wireless short-pass communication transmission system, and the process is as follows: Figure 2 As shown, it includes:

[0075] Step S101: The measurement unit acquires measurement data, which includes measured near-bit geological engineering parameters and / or detected drilling fluid flow channel pressure data.

[0076] Step S102: The wireless short-transmission transmitting section sends the measurement data to the wireless short-transmission receiving section, which is located inside the MWD system.

[0077] Step S103: The wireless short-transmission receiving section sends the measurement data to the MWD system.

[0078] Step S104: The MWD system sends the measurement data to the ground and / or closed-loop regulation and control circuit.

[0079] The system and method described in this embodiment place the wireless short-transmission receiving section inside the MWD system, making the overall structure of the drill bit more compact and simple, and the signal transmission more reliable.

[0080] Example 2

[0081] Embodiment 2 of the present invention provides a drilling fluid flow channel pressure control system based on wireless short-transmission communication. This system can be used for closed-loop regulation of drilling fluid flow channel pressure. The system structure is as follows: Figure 3 As shown, its working principle is as follows Figure 4 As shown, it includes: a hydraulic push block unit 53, a wireless short-transmission communication unit, a pressure detection unit, and a closed-loop regulation and control circuit 71.

[0082] The pressure detection unit is set at a designated location in the drilling fluid flow channel to detect the pressure of the drilling fluid flow channel at that location.

[0083] The wireless short-transmission communication unit includes a wireless short-transmission transmitting section and a wireless short-transmission receiving section located on both sides of the screw motor. The wireless short-transmission transmitting section is used to send drilling fluid flow channel pressure data to the wireless short-transmission receiving section, and the wireless short-transmission receiving section sends the drilling fluid flow channel pressure data to the closed-loop regulation and control circuit via the MWD system; and / or the wireless short-transmission transmitting section sends the drilling fluid flow channel pressure data to the closed-loop regulation and control circuit.

[0084] The closed-loop regulation and control circuit generates a control signal based on the drilling fluid flow channel pressure data, and controls the hydraulic push block unit to change the position of the push block in order to change the drilling fluid flow channel area and regulate the drilling fluid flow channel pressure.

[0085] The aforementioned pressure detection unit includes a first pressure detection sensor 12 and a first pressure detection circuit 61 disposed between the drill bit and the screw motor drill string, used to collect real-time pressure data of the drilling fluid flow channel at its location and transmit it to a wireless short-transmission receiving section 22 via a wireless short-transmission transmitting section 21; and a second pressure detection sensor 13 and a second pressure detection circuit 62 disposed above the pulse generator, used to collect real-time pressure data of the drilling fluid flow channel at its location and transmit it to the closed-loop regulation and control circuit 71. Optionally, the wireless short-transmission receiving section is disposed inside the mechanical mechanism of the MWD system.

[0086] The following is combined Figures 3-6 The specific implementation process of the drilling fluid flow channel pressure control system and method based on wireless short-transmission communication is described in detail.

[0087] See Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown, the drilling fluid flow channel pressure control system based on wireless short-transmission communication is coaxially arranged from left to right as follows: a measuring section 11, a wireless short-transmission transmitting section 21, a screw motor drill string 31, and a MWD system 41. The wireless short-transmission receiving section 22 is located within the MWD system 41. A pulse generator 51, which can be a pressure wave pulse generator, is also located to the right of the MWD system 41. A hydraulic push block unit 53 is located to the left of the pulse generator 51. A first pressure detection sensor 12 and a first pressure detection circuit 61 are located at the measuring section 11. A second pressure detection sensor 13 and a second pressure detection circuit 62 are located to the right of the pulse generator 51.

[0088] In the above system, drilling fluid flow channel pressure data is acquired through a pressure detection unit, and two pressure detection circuits acquire the drilling fluid flow channel pressure at the locations of two pressure detection sensors, wherein:

[0089] The pressure detection sensor includes a first pressure detection sensor 12 and a second pressure detection sensor 13. The first pressure detection sensor 12 is located between the drill bit and the screw motor drill string, and the second pressure detection sensor 13 is located above the mushroom head inside the pulse generator to measure the drilling fluid flow channel pressure at its location.

[0090] The pressure detection circuit includes a first pressure detection circuit 61 and a second pressure detection circuit 62. The first pressure detection circuit 61 is located between the drill bit and the screw motor, and the second pressure detection circuit 62 is located above the mushroom head inside the pulse generator, collecting the pressure values ​​measured by the first pressure detection sensor 12 and the second pressure detection sensor 13.

[0091] The closed-loop regulation control circuit is located above the mushroom head inside the pulse generator, adjacent to the position of the second pressure detection sensor 13. It generates a closed-loop control signal based on the measurement values ​​of the two pressure detection sensors, and controls the drilling fluid flow channel area through the hydraulic circuit.

[0092] In the above system, the wireless short-transmission communication unit hydraulically transmits measurement data, including a near-bit wireless short-transmission transmitting section 21 and a wireless short-transmission receiving section 22, specifically used for transmitting, receiving, and decoding near-bit drilling fluid pressure parameter information. See also... Figure 4In the data communication process, the first pressure detection circuit 61 can send the detection data of the first pressure detection sensor 12 to the wireless short-transmission transmitter 21. The wireless short-transmission transmitter 21 transmits the data via electromagnetic wave transmission, passing through the screw motor to the wireless short-transmission receiver 22. The wireless short-transmission receiver 22 transmits the data to the closed-loop regulation and control circuit 71 via the WMD system. The second pressure detection circuit 62 can directly transmit the detection data of the second pressure detection sensor 13 to the closed-loop regulation and control circuit 71, or a wireless short-transmission transmitter 21 can be placed near the second pressure detection circuit 62. Figure 3 (Not shown) is used to send the collected pressure data to the MWD system 41 for transmission to the surface. The closed-loop regulation control circuit 71 controls the hydraulic push block to work according to the received measurement data, and controls the pressure at the second pressure detection sensor 13 through feedback control to control the pressure difference in the drilling fluid flow channel within a certain range.

[0093] In the above system, a hydraulic push block mechanism is used to control the drilling fluid pressure in the wellbore to facilitate the transmission of mud pressure wave pulse signals. The pressure detection unit and closed-loop regulation control circuit generate feedback signals from the measurement data from the two pressure detection units and send them to the hydraulic push block unit to control its operation.

[0094] In some alternative embodiments, see Figure 5 The hydraulic circuit diagram of the push block unit shown is shown. The hydraulic push block unit 53 includes: a first push block, a second push block, a flow control unit, and a power supply unit. The power supply unit provides power to the hydraulic pump, which pressurizes the hydraulic oil in the cylinder into the branch pipelines connected to the first push block and the second push block. The flow control unit controls the working pressure in each branch pipeline to control the distance between the first push block and the second push block, thereby controlling the drilling fluid flow channel area to control the flow channel pressure.

[0095] The hydraulic push block unit primarily uses a hydraulic system to move the push block, altering the area of ​​the drilling fluid flow channel. The push block's movement within the drill string is relatively small. When the drilling fluid pressure is within the set ideal pressure range, the push block has almost no displacement. If the pressure deviates from this range, the hydraulic system controls the push block's movement, changing the flow area of ​​the drilling fluid channel and thus altering the pressure. This hydraulic push block unit can utilize a throttle valve to control the return oil circuit, with a branch line connecting to the push block inlet bypassing the throttle. The hydraulic cylinder only requires a single inlet, avoiding the need for a rod chamber, simplifying the mechanical structure design and significantly improving the push block's reliability. Furthermore, the system changes the working pressure by controlling the throttle valve's flow rate; the pressure change is gradual with the flow rate, improving pressure control stability.

[0096] Optionally, the power supply unit includes a brushless DC motor, a gear reducer, and a hydraulic power source. The brushless DC motor is connected to the gear reducer, which is connected to the hydraulic power source. The hydraulic power source is connected to the first and second push blocks via branch pipelines, providing power to move the first and second push blocks. The power source of this power supply unit is magnetic force. The hydraulic power source has constant pressure and constant flow characteristics, providing power to the mud. The mud power rotates the downhole hydraulic pump, which then pumps the hydraulic oil in the oil sump into each branch pipeline.

[0097] Optionally, the flow control unit includes a flow control valve, a throttle valve, and a relief valve;

[0098] Flow control valves are installed in both the branch pipeline from the hydraulic power source to the first push block and the branch pipeline from the hydraulic power source to the second push block to control the hydraulic oil flow in the branch pipelines.

[0099] Throttling valves are installed on the return oil lines of the branch lines from the hydraulic power source to the first push block and the branch lines from the hydraulic power source to the second push block to control the working pressure of the branch lines. In order for the throttle valve to have the target pressure difference, it is necessary to adjust the flow control valve to change the flow in each branch line to achieve the required pressure value of each hydraulic cylinder, and collect the hydraulic oil flowing out from each part into the oil sac to achieve pressure balance.

[0100] An overflow valve is connected to the outlet pipeline of the hydraulic power source to control the pressure and flow rate of the hydraulic oil output by the hydraulic power source, ensuring that the output hydraulic oil maintains a constant pressure and flow rate. The overflow valve controls the output hydraulic oil to maintain a constant pressure, and the magnetically driven hydraulic power source controls the hydraulic pump to maintain a constant speed, thus ensuring that the hydraulic oil pressure and flow rate remain constant.

[0101] Optionally, an oil filter can be installed at the outlet pipeline of the hydraulic power source, on the outlet pipeline outside the oil filter of the relief valve. Oil sacs can be installed below the hydraulic power source, below the relief valve, and below the dynamic seal of the throttle valve to recover the outflowing hydraulic oil.

[0102] The mechanical structure of the push block is as follows Figure 6 As shown, its hydraulic pump is connected to the oil bladder, and the hydraulic oil in the oil bladder is transported to the oil cylinder through the oil pipe. This pushes the piston structure of the oil cylinder to extend or retract, and pushes the push block to extend or retract, thereby reducing or increasing the distance between the two push blocks. This changes the flow area of ​​the hydraulic flow channel, making it smaller or larger. The amount of liquid flowing through the channel decreases or increases accordingly, thus increasing or decreasing the pressure of the hydraulic flow channel.

[0103] In some optional embodiments, the closed-loop regulation control circuit is specifically used to: determine, based on the drilling fluid flow channel pressure data sent by the first pressure detection circuit and the second pressure detection circuit, whether the drilling fluid flow channel pressure difference between the location of the first pressure detection sensor and the location of the second pressure detection sensor is greater than a preset first pressure difference threshold and less than a preset second pressure difference threshold; if it is greater than the preset first pressure difference threshold, generate a control signal to control the push block in the hydraulic push block unit to move outward, increasing the drilling fluid flow channel area to reduce the drilling fluid flow channel pressure at the location of the second pressure detection sensor; if it is less than the preset second pressure difference threshold, generate a control signal to control the push block in the hydraulic push block unit to move inward, reducing the drilling fluid flow channel area to increase the drilling fluid flow channel pressure at the location of the second pressure detection sensor.

[0104] The closed-loop control circuit generates control signals based on drilling fluid flow channel pressure data. These signals control the pressure values ​​flowing into each push block from each branch pipe in the hydraulic circuit, pushing the push blocks on both sides and compressing the drilling fluid flow channel about to flow into the pressure wave pulse generator, thereby controlling the drilling fluid flow channel area. The first and second pressure difference thresholds can be set as needed, generally with the first threshold being greater than the second. For example, if the first threshold is 2 MPa and the second threshold is 1 MPa, and the difference between the measured value of the second pressure detection unit and the measured value of the first pressure detection unit is greater than 2 MPa, then the pressure applied to the push blocks on both sides is reduced. Under the push of the drilling fluid in the flow channel, the two push blocks move outward, widening the drilling fluid flow channel and reducing the pressure value at the second pressure detection sensor. Conversely, if the difference between the measured value of the second pressure detection unit and the measured value of the first pressure detection unit is less than 1 MPa, then the pressure applied to the push blocks on both sides is increased, causing the two push blocks to move inward, narrowing the drilling fluid flow channel and increasing the pressure value at the second pressure detection sensor. By adjusting the pressure at the location of the second pressure sensor through feedback control, the pressure difference between the two pressure sensor locations is maintained between 1 and 2 MPa, thereby ensuring drilling fluid pressure conditions suitable for the transmission of mud pressure wave pulse signals.

[0105] Embodiment 2 of the present invention also provides a drilling fluid flow channel pressure control method based on wireless short-transmission communication, the process of which is as follows: Figure 5 As shown, it includes the following steps:

[0106] Step S201: The pressure detection unit set at the designated location in the drilling fluid flow channel detects the pressure of the drilling fluid flow channel at that location.

[0107] Step S202: The wireless short-transmission transmitting section sends the drilling fluid flow channel pressure data to the wireless short-transmission receiving section, and the wireless short-transmission receiving section sends the drilling fluid flow channel pressure data to the closed-loop regulation and control circuit via the MWD system.

[0108] Step S203: The closed-loop regulation control circuit generates a control signal based on the drilling fluid flow channel pressure data, and controls the hydraulic push block unit to change the distance between the push blocks in order to regulate the drilling fluid flow channel pressure.

[0109] In this step, based on the drilling fluid flow channel pressure data sent by the first and second pressure detection circuits, it is determined whether the pressure difference between the drilling fluid flow channel at the location of the first pressure detection sensor and the location of the second pressure detection sensor is greater than a preset first pressure difference threshold and less than a preset second pressure difference threshold. If it is greater than the preset first pressure difference threshold, a control signal is generated to control the push block in the hydraulic push block unit to move outward, increasing the drilling fluid flow channel area to reduce the drilling fluid flow channel pressure at the location of the second pressure detection sensor. If it is less than the preset second pressure difference threshold, a control signal is generated to control the push block in the hydraulic push block unit to move inward, reducing the drilling fluid flow channel area to increase the drilling fluid flow channel pressure at the location of the second pressure detection sensor.

[0110] The relevant content in the above methods has already been described in the relevant parts of the system, and will not be repeated here.

[0111] The above system has a drilling fluid flow channel pressure closed-loop regulation circuit installed above the mushroom head inside the mud pulse generator. According to the pressure change in the wellbore, it can realize adaptive dynamic closed-loop adjustment of the drilling fluid flow channel area, thereby maintaining drilling fluid pressure conditions suitable for the transmission of mud pressure wave pulse signals.

[0112] Unless otherwise specifically stated, terms such as processing, calculation, operation, determination, display, etc., may refer to the actions and / or processes of one or more processing or computing systems or similar devices that represent the manipulation and conversion of data representing physical (e.g., electronic) quantities within the registers or memory of the processing system into other data similarly representing physical quantities within the memory, registers, or other such information storage, transmission, or display devices of the processing system. Information and signals can be represented using any of a variety of different techniques and methods. For example, data, instructions, commands, information, signals, bits, symbols, and chips mentioned throughout the above description can be represented by voltage, current, electromagnetic waves, magnetic fields or particles, light fields or particles, or any combination thereof.

[0113] It should be understood that the specific order or hierarchy of steps in the disclosed process is an example of an exemplary method. Based on design preferences, it should be understood that the specific order or hierarchy of steps in the process may be rearranged without departing from the scope of this disclosure. The appended method claims provide elements of various steps in an exemplary order and are not intended to limit the scope to the specific order or hierarchy described.

[0114] In the detailed description above, various features are combined together in a single embodiment to simplify this disclosure. This approach to disclosure should not be construed as reflecting an intention that embodiments of the claimed subject matter require more features than are explicitly stated in each claim. Rather, as reflected in the appended claims, the invention is presented with fewer features than all of the features in a single disclosed embodiment. Therefore, the appended claims are hereby explicitly incorporated into the detailed description, with each claim representing a separate preferred embodiment of the invention.

[0115] Those skilled in the art will also understand that the various illustrative logic blocks, modules, circuits, and algorithm steps described in conjunction with the embodiments herein can be implemented as electronic hardware, computer software, or a combination thereof. To clearly illustrate the interchangeability between hardware and software, the various illustrative components, blocks, modules, circuits, and steps described above are generally described in terms of their functionality. Whether such functionality is implemented as hardware or software depends on the specific application and the design constraints imposed on the overall system. Those skilled in the art can implement the described functionality in alternative ways for each specific application; however, such implementation decisions should not be construed as departing from the scope of this disclosure.

[0116] The steps of the methods or algorithms described in conjunction with the embodiments herein can be directly embodied in hardware, software modules executed by a processor, or a combination thereof. The software modules can reside in RAM memory, flash memory, ROM memory, EPROM memory, EEPROM memory, registers, hard disks, removable disks, CD-ROMs, or any other form of storage medium well known in the art. An exemplary storage medium is connected to the processor, enabling the processor to read information from and write information to the storage medium. Of course, the storage medium can also be a component of the processor. The processor and storage medium can reside in an ASIC. The ASIC can reside in a user terminal. Alternatively, the processor and storage medium can exist as discrete components in the user terminal.

[0117] For software implementation, the techniques described in this application can be implemented using modules (e.g., procedures, functions, etc.) that perform the functions described in this application. This software code can be stored in memory units and executed by a processor. The memory units can be implemented within the processor or outside the processor; in the latter case, they are communicatively coupled to the processor via various means, as is well known in the art.

[0118] The foregoing description includes examples of one or more embodiments. It is certainly impossible to describe all possible combinations of components or methods in order to describe the above embodiments, but those skilled in the art will recognize that further combinations and arrangements of the various embodiments are possible. Therefore, the embodiments described herein are intended to cover all such changes, modifications, and variations that fall within the scope of the appended claims. Furthermore, the term "comprising" as used in the specification or claims is interpreted in a manner similar to the term "including," as interpreted when used as a conjunction in the claims. Additionally, the use of any term "or" in the specification of the claims is intended to mean "non-exclusive or."

Claims

1. A wireless short message communication based drilling fluid flow line pressure control system, characterized in that, The hydraulic push block unit, the wireless short transmission communication unit, the pressure detection unit, and the closed-loop regulation control circuit are included. The pressure detection unit is arranged at a specified position of the drilling fluid flow channel to detect drilling fluid flow channel pressure data at the position. The pressure detection unit includes a first pressure detection sensor and a first pressure detection circuit arranged between the drill bit and the screw motor drilling tool to collect real-time drilling fluid flow channel pressure data at the position and transmit the data to a wireless short transmission receiving short section via a wireless short transmission emitting short section. The wireless short transmission communication unit includes a wireless short transmission emitting short section and a wireless short transmission receiving short section arranged coaxially with the screw motor on both sides of the screw motor. The wireless short transmission receiving short section is arranged in the MWD system, and the wireless short transmission emitting short section is used to transmit the drilling fluid flow channel pressure data to the wireless short transmission receiving short section. The wireless short transmission receiving short section is used to transmit the drilling fluid flow channel pressure data to the closed-loop regulation control circuit via the MWD system. The closed-loop regulation control circuit is used to generate a control signal according to the drilling fluid flow channel pressure data to control the hydraulic push block unit to change the distance between the two push blocks to change the drilling fluid flow channel area and regulate the drilling fluid flow channel pressure. The hydraulic push block unit includes a first push block, a second push block, a flow control unit, and a power supply unit. The power supply unit provides power for the hydraulic pump, and the hydraulic pump pressurizes the hydraulic oil in the cylinder into branch pipelines connected with the first push block and the second push block. The flow control unit controls the working pressure in each branch pipeline to control the distance between the first push block and the second push block. The flow control unit includes a flow control valve, a throttle valve, and a relief valve.

2. The system of claim 1, wherein, The flow control valve is arranged in the branch pipeline from the hydraulic power source to the first push block and the branch pipeline from the hydraulic power source to the second push block to control the hydraulic oil flow in the branch pipeline. The throttle valve is arranged in the return pipeline of the branch pipeline from the hydraulic power source to the first push block and the branch pipeline from the hydraulic power source to the second push block to control the working pressure in the branch pipeline.

3. The system of claim 1, wherein, The relief valve is connected to the outlet pipeline of the hydraulic power source to control the pressure and flow of the hydraulic oil pressurized by the hydraulic power source, so that the pressurized hydraulic oil maintains constant pressure and flow. The power supply unit includes a brushless DC motor, a gear reducer, and a hydraulic power source. The brushless DC motor is connected with the gear reducer, the gear reducer is connected with the hydraulic power source, and the hydraulic power source is connected with the first push block and the second push block through branch pipelines to provide power for the first push block and the second push block to move. The closed-loop regulation control circuit is specifically used to: receive the drilling fluid flow channel pressure data transmitted by the first pressure detection circuit and the second pressure detection circuit. determining whether the pressure difference between the first pressure detection sensor and the second pressure detection sensor is greater than a first pressure difference threshold and less than a second pressure difference threshold; if greater than the first pressure difference threshold, generating a control signal to control the hydraulic push block unit to move the push block outward to increase the area of the drilling fluid flow passage to reduce the drilling fluid flow passage pressure at the location of the second pressure detection sensor; if less than the second pressure difference threshold, generating a control signal to control the hydraulic push block unit to move the push block inward to decrease the area of the drilling fluid flow passage to increase the drilling fluid flow passage pressure at the location of the second pressure detection sensor.

4. The system of any one of claims 1-3, wherein, The wireless short transmission receiving short section is arranged in the MWD system.

5. A method of controlling the pressure of a drilling fluid flow path, implemented on the basis of the drilling fluid flow path pressure control system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The method comprises: a pressure detection unit arranged at a designated position of the drilling fluid flow passage detects the drilling fluid flow passage pressure at the position; a wireless short transmission transmitting short section transmits the drilling fluid flow passage pressure data to the wireless short transmission receiving short section, and the wireless short transmission receiving short section transmits the drilling fluid flow passage pressure data to the closed-loop adjustment control circuit through the MWD system; and / or the wireless short transmission transmitting short section transmits the drilling fluid flow passage pressure data to the closed-loop adjustment control circuit; the closed-loop adjustment control circuit generates a control signal according to the drilling fluid flow passage pressure data to control the hydraulic push block unit to change the position of the push block to change the area of the drilling fluid flow passage to adjust the drilling fluid flow passage pressure.

6. The method of claim 5, wherein, The closed-loop adjustment control circuit generates a control signal according to the drilling fluid flow passage pressure data to control the hydraulic push block unit to change the position of the push block to change the area of the drilling fluid flow passage to adjust the drilling fluid flow passage pressure, which comprises: the drilling fluid flow passage pressure data transmitted by the first pressure detection circuit and the second pressure detection circuit; determining whether the pressure difference between the first pressure detection sensor and the second pressure detection sensor is greater than a first pressure difference threshold and less than a second pressure difference threshold; if greater than the first pressure difference threshold, generating a control signal to control the hydraulic push block unit to move the push block outward to increase the area of the drilling fluid flow passage to reduce the drilling fluid flow passage pressure at the location of the second pressure detection sensor; if less than the second pressure difference threshold, generating a control signal to control the hydraulic push block unit to move the push block inward to decrease the area of the drilling fluid flow passage to increase the drilling fluid flow passage pressure at the location of the second pressure detection sensor.

7. A drill, characterized in that The drilling fluid flow passage pressure control system based on wireless short transmission communication is provided with the drilling fluid flow passage pressure control system based on wireless short transmission communication according to any one of claims 1-4.

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