A method for quickly and accurately checking the perpendicularity of a complex large steel structure steel column

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of fast accurate checking complex large steel structure steel column perpendicularity method, it is related to building construction technical field.The fast accurate checking complex large steel structure steel column perpendicularity method, specific operation is as follows: S1, according to requirement, calculate target distance L on drawing, wherein L includes: L1, L2, L3...Ln, L is the distance between the intersection point of column foot and column axis +0.5 elevation and the intersection point of adjacent column top and column edge.The fast accurate checking complex large steel structure steel column perpendicularity method can greatly improve the inherent error of conventional perpendicularity measurement method, multiple station change, operation complex and other disadvantages;And once measurement not only checks the perpendicularity of single body, but also checks multiple parameters such as axial distance and elevation, one machine multiple use, improves the use efficiency of instrument, also improves the precision of truss car track installation.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of building construction, in particular to a method for quickly and accurately checking the perpendicularity of a complex large steel structure steel column. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the process of engineering construction, the perpendicularity of the structure is an important construction parameter, which is related to the quality and structural safety of the engineering entity; especially for the on-site construction and hoisting of steel structures, the perpendicularity checking of the steel column during hoisting is a very important work, which will directly affect the progress, quality and safety of steel structure hoisting, and has great significance for the strength, stiffness, stability and integrity of the structure. At present, there are several methods for checking the perpendicularity of steel column in the process of engineering construction:

[0003] (1) Plumb method: the plumb method is a relatively primitive method, which uses a hammer ball to hang the column and is intuitive to observe, but it is not suitable for long columns. In order to avoid the plumb line from swinging due to wind, the line can be placed in a plastic tube, and the hammer ball can be placed in a viscous oil. This method is difficult to construct, has high-altitude operation, and has great safety hazards.

[0004] (2) Theodolite method: two theodolites are respectively erected on the lead axis, or one theodolite is respectively placed on the B side and H side of the steel column to measure and correct the steel column. This method has high precision and easy equipment, and is a commonly used method for construction units. However, frequent station changing is required in actual operation, and the efficiency is not high.

[0005] (3) Establishing a standard column method: according to the planar shape of the building, a standard column is established, and the perpendicularity of other columns is measured by using a steel ruler or a steel wire, a tool type caliper and other tools. This method is simple to operate, but has poor operability and large error in the field.

[0006] Looking at the above conventional verticality operation methods in the process of construction, there are certain disadvantages, such as large error, poor operability, or low efficiency. According to the Steel Structure Engineering Construction Quality Acceptance Specification GB50205-2001, the allowable deviation of the steel structure installation column axis is H / 1000 for single section column when H<=10m, H / 1000 when H>10m, and not more than 25; the single section deviation is H / 1000 for multi-section column, and not more than 10mm, and the column full height is not more than 35mm. No matter how the above conventional verticality control methods are controlled, there will be a certain error in the perpendicularity of the steel column axis. Therefore, it is particularly important to invent a method for quickly and accurately controlling the perpendicularity of the steel column to cooperate with the on-site hoisting construction. SUMMARY

[0007] (I) Technical problems solved

[0008] In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the present application provides a method for quickly and accurately checking the perpendicularity of a complex large steel structure steel column, which solves the problems of the conventional perpendicularity operation methods in the existing on-site construction process, i.e., either a large error, or poor operability, or low efficiency. According to the Steel Structure Engineering Construction Quality Acceptance Specification GB50205-2001, the allowable deviation of the steel structure installation column axis is H / 1000 for a single section column with H<=10m, H / 1000 for a single section column with H>10m, and not more than 25mm; the single section deviation is H / 1000 for a multi-section column, and not more than 10mm; and the column full height is not more than 35mm. Regardless of how the above conventional perpendicularity control methods are controlled, there will be a certain error in the perpendicularity of the steel column axis. Therefore, it is particularly important to develop an operation method for quickly and accurately controlling the perpendicularity of a steel column in combination with on-site hoisting construction.

[0009] (ii) Technical solution

[0010] To achieve the above object, the present application is implemented by the following technical solution: a method for quickly and accurately checking the perpendicularity of a complex large steel structure steel column, which is specifically operated as follows:

[0011] S1. Calculate the target distance L on the drawing according to the requirements, wherein L includes: L1, L2, L3...Ln, L is the distance between the intersection point of the column foot and the column axis +0.5 elevation and the intersection point of the top of the adjacent column and the column edge, such as a column with a corbel, the distance between the intersection point of the column foot and the column axis +0.5 elevation and the outer edge of the adjacent column corbel, and the checking calculation height H of the target steel column, wherein H is usually a fixed value. Make a record in table form, indicating the axis position, steel column number, target distance L and column checking calculation height H, as the basis for data collection outside the industry;

[0012] S2. Set up the total station instrument on two vertical surfaces of a steel angle column, which is called a standard column below. Recheck the perpendicularity and elevation of the angle column until the error is within the allowable range and as small as possible, and fix the steel column with anchor bolts;

[0013] S3. Set a point at a designated position on site, and set up the total station instrument at the a point. After leveling, adjust it to the non-prism mode. Find the +0.5 elevation line of the single building with the laser level, and mark it on the steel column with a stone pen to determine the intersection point of the first standard column +0.5 line and the axis, which is marked as point A. Then determine point B. Point B is a feature point on the steel column that is convenient to measure (i.e., the intersection point of the column edge line or the axis and the column end, or if it is a corbel column, define any point on the corbel outer edge that is convenient to measure as point B). If it is not convenient to measure, mark it on the steel column with a marker pen before hoisting the steel column;

[0014] S4, measure the distance between the first steel column + 0.5 line and the intersection point to the edge of the bracket, that is, the distance L1 between two points A and B, compare L1 and L, if L1 is greater than L, that is, the target column is offset to the outside of the standard column, on the contrary, if L1 is less than L, that is, the target column is offset to the inside of the standard column, at this time, inform the hoisting personnel to adjust the steel column, repeat the above operation until L1 approaches L, that is, the angle between the target column and the ground approaches f=90°, continue to repeat the above operation by changing the angle of the instrument, ensure that the angles between the B face and the H face of the target column and the ground approach 90°, at this time, the perpendicularity of the target column has been checked, continue to measure the height difference and distance between the target column and the standard column by using the total station instrument without prism mode, and constantly adjust the standard column until the height difference approaches 0 and the distance approaches the designed distance between the two brackets, that is, the three-dimensional checking of the target column is completed, the checking data is recorded, and the standard column is fixed;

[0015] S5, repeat the operation of step three to complete the three-dimensional data checking of a frame steel column and fix the target column, and record the data;

[0016] S6, in this way, change the station to measure, measure and record according to the previously planned measurement sequence and route, cooperate with the on-site hoisting operation, and continue until the perpendicularity, axial distance and elevation of all steel columns of the single body are checked and measured.

[0017] (Three) beneficial effects

[0018] The application provides a method for quickly and accurately checking the perpendicularity of a complex large steel structure steel column.

[0019] The method for quickly and accurately checking the perpendicularity of a complex large steel structure steel column fully utilizes the advantages of high precision, wide measurement range and simple operation method of the total station, uses angle as reference and comparison, can greatly improve the inherent large error, multiple station changing and complex operation of the conventional perpendicularity measurement method, and once measurement not only checks the perpendicularity of the single body, but also checks the axial distance and elevation and other parameters, so that one machine is used for multiple purposes, the use efficiency of the instrument is improved, and the installation precision of the truss track is improved; the method is combined with the on-site hoisting operation, one measurement is performed once, one fixing is performed once, the construction efficiency on site is greatly improved, the acceptance procedure is simplified, and the construction progress is ensured. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 It is a planar arrangement and axis arrangement drawing of the measured single body steel column;

[0021] Figure 2 It is an elevation view of 1-1;

[0022] Figure 3 It is a sectional view of 2-2;

[0023] Figure 4 The simple schematic diagram for checking the process is shown in the figure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, but not all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all the other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art without creative work are within the protection scope of the present application.

[0025] Please refer to Figures 1-4 The present application provides a technical solution: a method for quickly and accurately checking the perpendicularity of a complex large steel structure steel column, and the specific operation is as follows:

[0026] S1, calculate the target distance L on the drawing according to the requirements, wherein L includes: L1, L2, L3...Ln, L is the distance between the intersection point of the column foot and the column axis +0.5 elevation and the intersection point of the adjacent column top and column edge, if the column has a bracket, then it is the distance between the intersection point of the column foot and the column axis +0.5 elevation and the outer edge of the adjacent column bracket, and the checking calculation height H of the target steel column, wherein H is usually a fixed value, and a table is made to record the axis position, steel column number, target distance L and column checking calculation height H as the basis for field data collection;

[0027] S2, set up the total station instrument on two vertical surfaces of a steel angle column, and the steel angle column below is called a standard column, repeatedly check the perpendicularity and elevation of the angle column until the error is within the allowable range and the smaller the better, and fix the steel column with anchor bolts;

[0028] S3, set a point at a designated position on site, and set up the total station instrument at the point a, adjust the level after leveling, and adjust to the non-prism mode, find the building +0.5 elevation line of the single body with the laser level, and mark it on the steel column with a stone pen, determine the intersection point of the first standard column +0.5 line and the axis line as point A, and then determine point B, point B is determined: point B is a feature point on the steel column and is convenient to measure (i.e. the intersection point of the column edge line or the axis line and the column end, if it is a bracket column, define any point on the bracket outer edge as point B which is convenient to measure), if it is not convenient to measure, mark it on the steel column with a marker pen before hoisting the steel column;

[0029] S4, measure the distance between the first steel column + 0.5 line and the intersection point to the edge of the bracket, that is, the distance L1 between the two points A and B, compare L1 and L, if L1 is greater than L, that is, the target column is offset to the outside of the standard column, on the contrary, if L1 is less than L, that is, the target column is offset to the inside of the standard column, at this time, inform the hoisting personnel to adjust the steel column, repeat the above operation until L1 approaches L, that is, the angle between the target column and the ground approaches f=90°, continue to repeat the above operation with the angle of the instrument, ensure that the angles between the B face and the H face of the target column and the ground approach 90°, at this time, the perpendicularity of the target column has been checked, continue to measure the height difference and distance between the target column and the standard column along the two brackets, and constantly adjust the standard column until the height difference approaches 0 and the distance approaches the designed distance between the two brackets, that is, the three-dimensional checking of the target column is completed, the checking data is recorded, and the standard column is fixed;

[0030] S5, repeat step three to complete the three-dimensional data checking of a frame steel column and fix the target column, and record the data;

[0031] S6, in this way, change the station to measure, measure and record according to the previously planned measurement sequence and route, cooperate with the on-site hoisting operation, and complete the checking and measurement of the perpendicularity, axial distance and elevation of all steel columns of the single body.

[0032] Embodiment:

[0033] The implementation of the present application is divided into two steps, the internal calculation part and the external collection and on-site checking part:

[0034] Internal calculation part:

[0035] Taking a simple one-story portal steel structure (partially with a sandwich) as an example, the following Figure 1 is a plan view of an H-shaped steel column and an axis, Figure 2 is a local single-story elevation view, Figure 3 is an elevation view with a sandwich. According to the requirements, calculate the target distance L (L1, L2, L3...Ln; L is the distance between the intersection point of the column foot and the column axis + 0.5 elevation and the intersection point of the top of the adjacent column and the column edge, if the column has a bracket, then it is the distance between the intersection point of the column foot and the column axis + 0.5 elevation and the outer edge of the adjacent column bracket), and the checking and calculation height H of the steel column (usually a fixed value), and make a good record in table form, indicating the axis position, steel column number, target distance data L and column checking and calculation height H, as the basis for external data collection.

[0036] External collection and on-site checking part:

[0037] First, use a total station to set up on the two vertical planes of a steel corner column (hereinafter referred to as the standard column), and repeatedly check the verticality and elevation of the corner column until the error is within the allowable range and the smaller the better. Then, fix the steel column with anchor bolts. This step is extremely important and is the basis for checking the verticality of other steel columns in the future.

[0038] II. At the designated location on site ( Figure 1 (a) Set up the total station, level it, and switch it to prism-free mode. Use a laser level to find the +0.5 elevation line of the building and mark it on the steel column with a stone pencil. Determine the intersection of the +0.5 line of the first steel column and the axis and mark it as point A.

[0039] 3. Using a total station in prism-free mode, measure the distance L1 between the intersection of the +0.5 line and the axis of the first steel column and the edge of the corbel, i.e., the distance between points A and B. Compare L1 and L. If L1 is greater than L, the target column is deviated outward from the standard column. Conversely, if L1 is less than L, the target column is deviated inward from the standard column. At this point, inform the on-site hoisting personnel to adjust the steel column. Repeat the above operation until L1 is infinitely close to L, i.e., the angle between the target column and the ground is infinitely close to f = 90°. Change the instrument angle and continue the above operation to ensure that the angles between the B and H sides of the target column and the ground are infinitely close to 90°. At this point, the verticality of the target column has been checked. Continue to use the total station in prism-free mode to measure the sides, measuring the height difference and distance between the two corbel edges of the target column and the standard column. Continuously adjust the standard column until the height difference is infinitely close to 0 and the distance is infinitely close to the design value of the distance between the two corbels. This completes the three-dimensional check of the target column. Record the check data and fix the standard column.

[0040] Fourth, repeat step three to complete the three-dimensional data verification of a frame steel column, fix the target column, and record the data.

[0041] Fifth, continue this process at different stations, measuring and recording according to the previously planned measurement sequence and route, coordinating with on-site hoisting operations, until the verticality, axis distance, and elevation of all steel columns of the unit are checked and measured.

[0042] In summary, this rapid and accurate method for verifying the verticality of complex large-scale steel structure columns fully leverages the advantages of total stations, such as high accuracy, wide measurement range, and simple operation. By using angles as a reference and comparison, it significantly improves upon the inherent drawbacks of conventional verticality measurement methods, such as large errors, multiple station changes, and complex operation. Moreover, a single measurement not only verifies the verticality of a single unit but also verifies multiple parameters such as wheelbase and elevation, making it multi-functional and improving the efficiency of instrument use and the accuracy of gantry rail installation. This method, combined with on-site hoisting operations, allows for simultaneous measurement and fixing, greatly improving on-site construction efficiency, simplifying acceptance procedures, and ensuring construction progress.

[0043] It is to be understood that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting; it is not intended to exclude myriad other embodiments of the present application that other inventors can develop based on the same general inventive concepts embodied by the described embodiments. That is, although the present application is described in terms of particular embodiments and illustrative figures, it should be apparent that the scope of the present application is not limited to these specific embodiments.

[0044] While the embodiments of the application have been shown and described herein, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that many changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations to these embodiments can be made without departing from the principles and spirits of the application, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A method for rapidly and accurately verifying the verticality of steel columns in complex large steel structures, characterized in that: The specific operation is as follows: S1, according to the requirements, calculate the target distance L on the drawing, wherein L includes: L1, L2, L3…Ln, L is the distance between the intersection point of the column foot and the column axis +0.5 elevation and the intersection point between the top of the adjacent column and the column edge, if the column is a bracket, the distance between the intersection point of the column foot and the column axis +0.5 elevation and the outer edge of the adjacent column bracket, and the checking calculation height H of the target steel column, wherein H is usually a fixed value, and the axis position, steel column number, target distance L and column checking calculation height H are recorded in table form as the basis for field data collection; S2, set the total station to two vertical surfaces of a steel angle column, the steel angle column below is called a standard column, repeatedly check the perpendicularity and elevation of the angle column until the error is within the allowable range and the smaller the better, and fix the steel column with the anchor bolt; S3, set a point at a specified position on site, and set up a total station at the a point, adjust the level after leveling, and adjust to non-prism mode, find the building +0.5 elevation line of the monomer with the laser level, and mark on the steel column with a stone pen to determine the intersection point of the first standard column +0.5 line and the axis line, mark as A point, and then determine B point, B point is a feature point on the steel column which is convenient to measure (i.e. the intersection point of the column edge line or the axis line and the column end, if it is a bracket column, define any point on the bracket outer edge which is convenient to measure as B point), if it is not convenient to measure, mark on the steel column with a marker pen before hoisting; S4, measure the distance between the intersection point of the first steel column +0.5 line and the axis line and the bracket edge, i.e. the distance between the two points A and B, L1, compare L1 and L, if L1 is greater than L, i.e. the target column is deviated to the outside of the standard column, on the contrary, if L1 is less than L, i.e. the target column is deviated to the inside of the standard column, at this time, inform the hoisting personnel to adjust the steel column, repeatedly operate the above, until L1 approaches L infinitely, i.e. the angle between the target column and the ground approaches f=90° infinitely, continue to repeat the above operation with the instrument at another angle to ensure that the angles between the B surface and the H surface of the target column and the ground approach 90° infinitely, at this time, the perpendicularity of the target column has been checked, continue to measure the height difference and distance between the two bracket edges of the target column and the standard column with the total station in non-prism mode, and constantly adjust the standard column until the height difference approaches 0 infinitely and the distance approaches the designed value between the two bracket edges infinitely, i.e. the three-dimensional checking of the target column is completed, record the checking data, and fix the standard column; S5, repeat the operation of step three to complete the three-dimensional data checking of a frame steel column and fix the target column, and record the data; S6, by analogy, change the station to measure, measure and record according to the previously planned measurement sequence and route, cooperate with the on-site hoisting operation, and until the perpendicularity, axis distance and elevation of all steel columns of the monomer are checked and measured.

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