Greenhouse gas emission reduction device for a ship and a ship equipped with the same

Abstract

Disclosed is a greenhouse gas reduction device for a ship, including: a seawater supply part (110) that supplies seawater; an absorbent liquid manufacturing part (120) that manufactures and supplies a high-concentration CO2 absorbent liquid; an absorption tower (130) that is formed with a CO2 removal part (131) that causes exhaust gas discharged from a ship engine (10) to react with seawater supplied from the seawater supply part (110) and to cool, causes the cooled exhaust gas to react with the absorbent liquid from the absorbent liquid manufacturing part (120), and removes CO2 by converting CO2 into an aqueous ammonium salt solution; an absorbent liquid concentration adjustment part (140) that adjusts the concentration of the absorbent liquid supplied from the absorbent liquid manufacturing part (120) to the absorption tower (130); and an ammonia regeneration part (150) that causes the aqueous ammonium salt solution discharged from the absorption tower (130) to react with a divalent metal hydroxide aqueous solution, regenerates NH3, and returns to the absorption tower to be used as an absorbent liquid again; wherein the concentration of the absorbent liquid can be kept constant, and the absorbent performance can be prevented from being degraded.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a greenhouse gas emission reduction device for ships, and a ship equipped with the same, which is capable of maintaining a predetermined concentration of greenhouse gas absorbent liquid, preventing the absorption performance of the absorbent tower from deteriorating, and using a pressurization system to prevent absorbent liquid loss due to natural evaporation of high-concentration absorbent liquid.

[0002] In addition, the present invention relates to a greenhouse gas emission reduction device for a ship equipped with the same, which is capable of cooling exhaust gas with clean water by means of heat exchange, preventing the concentration of absorbent liquid from decreasing, adjusting the concentration of absorbent liquid, maintaining the concentration of absorbent liquid at a predetermined level, and preventing poor absorption performance. Background Technology

[0003] Recently, global warming and related environmental disasters are occurring due to greenhouse gas emissions from the indiscriminate use of fossil fuels.

[0004] Therefore, a series of technologies related to capturing and storing carbon dioxide instead of releasing it as a typical greenhouse gas, known as CCS (Carbon dioxide Capture and Storage) technology, have recently attracted much attention. Among CCS technologies, chemical absorption is the most widely used due to its ability to process on a large scale.

[0005] In addition, carbon dioxide emissions are regulated through the International Maritime Organization's (IMO) Energy Efficiency Design Index (EEDI), with the goal of reducing 2008 emissions by more than 50% by 2050. Since 2008 emissions need to be reduced by 40% by 2030, technologies that do not emit CO2 or capture emitted CO2 are attracting much attention.

[0006] For reference, CO2 capture technology in CCS (Carbon Dioxide Storage and Retention) technology can be approached in various ways depending on the CO2 generation conditions of the target process. Currently, representative technologies include absorption, adsorption, and membrane separation. Among them, wet absorption is the most mature technology for land-based plants, and it is easy to process large amounts of CO2. It can be said to be the capture technology closest to the commercialization of CCS technology. As absorbents, amine series and ammonia are mainly used.

[0007] On the other hand, the technologies mentioned above for reducing carbon dioxide emissions or capturing generated carbon dioxide have not yet been commercialized in ships, and methods for using hydrogen or ammonia as fuel are still under development and have not yet reached the stage of commercialization.

[0008] In addition, in order to make SO XTo reduce or eliminate the occurrence of CO2, this paper proposes the necessity of applying a technology to ships that uses low-sulfur oil or LNG as fuel. This technology can absorb CO2 from the exhaust gas emitted from the ship's engine using an absorbent liquid, convert it into a substance that does not harm the environment and release it, or convert it into a useful substance for storage. This technology also aims to prevent the absorption performance of the absorbent liquid from decreasing due to concentration changes.

[0009] In addition, in order to make SO X To reduce or eliminate the occurrence of CO2, this paper proposes the necessity of applying a technology to ships that uses low-sulfur oil or LNG as fuel. This technology can absorb CO2 from the exhaust gas emitted from the ship's engines using absorbent liquid, convert it into a substance that does not harm the environment and discharge it or convert it into a useful substance for storage. It also aims to prevent the absorption liquid concentration from being too low due to the use of clean water to cool the exhaust gas, and to prevent the absorption liquid from being repeatedly circulated, which would cause concentration changes and result in poor absorption performance. Summary of the Invention

[0010] Technical issues

[0011] The technical challenge to be addressed by this invention is to provide a greenhouse gas emission reduction device for ships that can maintain a predetermined concentration of greenhouse gas absorbent, prevent the absorption tower from becoming inefficient, and use a pressurization system to prevent absorbent loss due to natural evaporation of high-concentration absorbent. This device also includes a ship equipped with the device.

[0012] In addition, the technical challenge to be achieved by the present invention is to provide a greenhouse gas emission reduction device for a ship that can cool the exhaust gas with clean water, prevent the concentration of the absorbent liquid from decreasing, and prevent the absorption performance from being reduced due to concentration changes caused by repeated circulation of the absorbent liquid.

[0013] Technical solution

[0014] To achieve the aforementioned objectives, the present invention provides a greenhouse gas emission reduction device for a ship, comprising: a seawater supply unit that supplies seawater; an absorbent manufacturing unit that manufactures and supplies a high-concentration CO2 absorbent; an absorption tower having a CO2 removal section that reacts and cools exhaust gas from the ship's engine with seawater supplied from the seawater supply unit, and then reacts the cooled exhaust gas with the absorbent from the absorbent manufacturing unit to convert CO2 into an ammonium salt aqueous solution and remove CO2; an absorbent concentration regulating unit that regulates the concentration of the absorbent supplied from the absorbent manufacturing unit to the absorption tower; and an ammonia regeneration unit that reacts the ammonium salt aqueous solution discharged from the absorption tower with a divalent metal hydroxide aqueous solution to regenerate NH3 and return it to the absorption tower for reuse as absorbent.

[0015] In addition, the ship's engine can use LNG or low-sulfur oil as fuel.

[0016] Additionally, if the ship engine uses low-sulfur oil as fuel, the absorption tower may also include SO₂. X Absorption section, the SO X The absorption section reacts and cools the exhaust gas from the ship's engine with seawater supplied from the seawater supply section, while simultaneously dissolving and removing SO2. X The CO2 removal unit removes SO2. X The exhaust gas reacts with and is cooled by the seawater supplied from the seawater supply unit, and the cooled exhaust gas reacts with the absorbent from the absorbent manufacturing unit to convert CO2 into an ammonium salt aqueous solution and remove CO2.

[0017] In addition, the absorption tower may also include NO. x The absorption section, the NO x The absorption section absorbs and removes NO from the exhaust gas emitted from the ship's engine. x The CO2 removal unit can remove NO x The exhaust gas reacts with and is cooled by the seawater supplied from the seawater supply unit, and the cooled exhaust gas reacts with the absorbent from the absorbent manufacturing unit to convert CO2 into an ammonium salt aqueous solution and remove CO2.

[0018] The absorption tower can be stacked sequentially to form NO. X Absorption section, SO X The absorption section and the CO2 removal section, wherein NO X The absorption section absorbs and removes NO from the exhaust gas emitted from the ship's engine. X The SO X The absorption section removes NO. X The exhaust gas reacts with and is cooled by seawater supplied from the seawater supply unit, dissolving and removing SO2. X The CO2 removal unit removes SO2. X The exhaust gas reacts with the absorbent from the absorbent manufacturing unit to convert CO2 into an ammonium salt aqueous solution and remove CO2.

[0019] Additionally, the ammonia regeneration section can regenerate NH3 and return it to the absorption tower for reuse as absorbent, while the NO... X The absorption section can absorb NO using NH3 supplied from the ammonia regeneration section. X Alternatively, use urea solution to absorb NO. X .

[0020] Additionally, the seawater supply unit may include a seawater pump that receives seawater from outside the ship via a seabed suction tank and pumps it into the SO2 system.X An absorption section; and a seawater regulating valve, wherein the seawater regulating valve adjusts the supply of seawater from the seawater pump to the SO2 based on the amount of waste gas. X The amount of seawater ejected from the absorption section.

[0021] Additionally, the absorbent preparation unit may include: a clean water tank storing clean water; a clean water regulating valve supplying clean water from the clean water tank; an NH3 storage tank storing high-pressure NH3; an ammonia tank that sprays NH3 supplied from the NH3 storage tank into the clean water supplied by the clean water regulating valve to prepare and store high-concentration ammonia water as the absorbent; a pH sensor measuring the ammonia water concentration in the ammonia water tank; and an ammonia water supply pump supplying ammonia water from the ammonia water tank to the absorbent concentration regulating unit.

[0022] Additionally, the absorbent concentration regulating unit may include: a clean water supply line supplying clean water; a pH sensor measuring the concentration of ammonia water supplied to the absorption tower as the absorbent; a flow regulating valve regulating the flow rate of ammonia water supplied from the absorbent production unit; a first mixer adjusting the ammonia water concentration by mixing high-concentration ammonia water from the absorbent production unit to increase the concentration based on the ammonia water concentration from the pH sensor, or by mixing clean water from the clean water supply line to decrease the concentration; and a pressure maintaining valve preventing NH3 evaporation during mixing by means of the first mixer.

[0023] In addition, the SO X The absorption section may include: a multi-segment seawater jet nozzle that sprays seawater supplied from the seawater supply section downwards; and a partition-shaped exhaust gas inlet pipe or an umbrella-shaped cut-off plate covering the exhaust gas inlet pipe to prevent backflow of cleaning water.

[0024] In addition, a porous upper plate can be formed in multiple sections at the lower part of the seawater jet nozzle. The porous upper plate forms a flow path for the exhaust gas to pass through, so that the seawater and the exhaust gas can come into contact.

[0025] Additionally, an absorption device filled with a material that allows seawater to contact the exhaust gas can be formed at the lower part of the seawater jet nozzle, thereby enabling the seawater to dissolve SO₂. X .

[0026] Additionally, the CO2 removal unit may include: an ammonia injection nozzle that sprays ammonia water supplied from the absorbent concentration adjustment unit downwards; a filling material that brings CO2 into contact with the ammonia water, which serves as the absorbent, thereby converting CO2 into NH4HCO3(aq); a cooling sleeve formed in multiple sections in each section of the absorption device filled with the filling material to cool the heat generated by the CO2 removal reaction; a water sprayer that captures NH3 that is discharged to the outside without reacting with CO2; a demister plate formed in a tortuous multi-plate shape to allow the ammonia water to return towards the filling material; a partition wall formed to prevent the ammonia water from flowing back; and a cut-off plate in the shape of an umbrella covering the exhaust gas inlet surrounded by the partition wall.

[0027] In addition, the packing material may be composed of multi-segment distillation column packing designed to increase the contact area per unit volume, and a solution redistributor may be formed between the distillation column packing.

[0028] Additionally, the absorption tower may also include EGE, wherein the EGE is in the NO X The absorption section and the SO X The absorption sections are formed to allow the waste heat from the ship's engine to exchange heat with the boiler water.

[0029] Additionally, the ammonia regeneration unit may include: a storage tank storing the aqueous solution of divalent metal hydroxide; a mixing tank agitating the aqueous solution of ammonium salt and the aqueous solution of divalent metal hydroxide discharged from the absorption tower by means of a second stirrer to generate NH3(g) and carbonate; a filter drawing in solution and precipitate from the mixing tank and separating carbonate; a high-pressure pump transferring the solution and precipitate to the filter at high pressure; and an ammonia storage tank storing ammonia or purified water separated by means of the filter and supplying it to the absorbent concentration adjustment unit.

[0030] In addition, the divalent metal hydroxide aqueous solution stored in the storage tank can be Ca(OH)2 or Mg(OH)2 generated by reacting water with CaO or MgO.

[0031] Additionally, it may include a discharge section comprising a cleaning water tank, a water treatment device, and a mud storage tank. The cleaning water tank stores the cleaning water discharged from the absorption tower. The water treatment device includes a turbidity-adjusting filtration unit and a pH-adjusting neutralizing agent injection unit so that the cleaning water transferred to the cleaning water tank by means of a transfer pump meets the conditions for discharge offboard. The mud storage tank separately stores solid discharge materials.

[0032] On the other hand, the present invention can provide a ship equipped with the aforementioned greenhouse gas emission reduction device.

[0033] To achieve the aforementioned other objective, a greenhouse gas emission reduction device for a ship is provided, comprising: an exhaust gas cooling section for cooling exhaust gas discharged from a ship's engine; an absorbent preparation section for preparing and supplying a high-concentration CO2 absorbent; an absorption tower having a CO2 removal section for reacting exhaust gas cooled by the exhaust gas cooling section with the absorbent from the absorbent preparation section to convert CO2 into an ammonium salt aqueous solution and remove CO2; an absorbent concentration regulating section for regulating the concentration of the absorbent supplied from the absorbent preparation section to the absorption tower; and an ammonia regeneration section for reacting the ammonium salt aqueous solution discharged from the absorption tower with a divalent metal hydroxide aqueous solution to regenerate NH3 and return it to the absorption tower for reuse as absorbent.

[0034] In addition, the ship's engine can use LNG or low-sulfur oil as fuel.

[0035] In addition, the exhaust gas cooling section can utilize heat exchange piping surrounding the exhaust gas discharge pipe to circulate clean water supplied from the ship's internal cooling system, thereby cooling the exhaust gas to a temperature of 27°C to 33°C.

[0036] In addition, the absorption tower may also include NO. x The absorption section, the NO x The absorption section absorbs and removes NO from the exhaust gas emitted from the ship's engine. x The CO2 removal unit removes the NO. x The exhaust gas, cooled by the exhaust gas cooling section, reacts with the absorbent from the absorbent manufacturing section to convert CO2 into an ammonium salt aqueous solution and remove CO2.

[0037] Additionally, the ammonia regeneration section can regenerate NH3 and return it to the absorption tower for reuse as absorbent, while the NO... X The absorption section can absorb NO using NH3 supplied from the ammonia regeneration section. X Alternatively, use urea solution to absorb NO. X .

[0038] Additionally, the absorbent preparation unit may include: a clean water tank storing clean water; a clean water regulating valve supplying clean water from the clean water tank; an NH3 storage tank storing high-pressure NH3; an ammonia tank that sprays NH3 supplied from the NH3 storage tank into the clean water supplied by the clean water regulating valve to prepare and store high-concentration ammonia water as the absorbent; a pH sensor measuring the ammonia water concentration in the ammonia water tank; and an ammonia water supply pump supplying ammonia water from the ammonia water tank to the absorbent concentration regulating unit.

[0039] In addition, compressed air at a predetermined pressure can be injected into the ammonia tank to prevent the evaporation loss of NH3.

[0040] Additionally, the absorbent concentration regulating unit may include: a clean water supply line supplying clean water; a pH sensor measuring the concentration of ammonia water supplied to the absorption tower as the absorbent; a flow regulating valve regulating the flow rate of ammonia water supplied from the absorbent production unit; a first mixer adjusting the ammonia water concentration by mixing high-concentration ammonia water from the absorbent production unit to increase the concentration based on the ammonia water concentration from the pH sensor, or by mixing clean water from the clean water supply line to decrease the concentration; and a pressure maintaining valve preventing NH3 evaporation during mixing by means of the first mixer.

[0041] Additionally, the CO2 removal unit may include: an ammonia injection nozzle that sprays ammonia water supplied from the absorbent concentration adjustment unit downwards; a filling material that brings CO2 into contact with the ammonia water, which serves as the absorbent, thereby converting CO2 into NH4HCO3(aq); a cooling sleeve formed in multiple sections in each section of the absorption device filled with the filling material to cool the heat generated by the CO2 removal reaction; a water sprayer that captures NH3 that is discharged to the outside without reacting with CO2; a demister plate formed in a tortuous multi-plate shape to allow the ammonia water to return towards the filling material; a partition wall formed to prevent the ammonia water from flowing back; and a cut-off plate in the shape of an umbrella covering the exhaust gas inlet surrounded by the partition wall.

[0042] In addition, the packing material may be composed of multi-segment distillation column packing designed to increase the contact area per unit volume, and a solution redistributor may be formed between the distillation column packing.

[0043] Additionally, the absorption tower may also include EGE, wherein the EGE is in the NO X An absorption section is formed between the exhaust gas cooling section and the exhaust gas cooling section, allowing the waste heat from the ship engine to exchange heat with the boiler water.

[0044] Additionally, the ammonia regeneration unit may include: a storage tank storing the aqueous solution of divalent metal hydroxide; a mixing tank agitating the aqueous solution of ammonium salt and the aqueous solution of divalent metal hydroxide discharged from the absorption tower by means of a second stirrer to generate NH3(g) and carbonate; a filter drawing in solution and precipitate from the mixing tank and separating carbonate; a high-pressure pump transferring the solution and precipitate to the filter at high pressure; and an ammonia storage tank storing ammonia or purified water separated by means of the filter and supplying it to the absorbent concentration adjustment unit.

[0045] In addition, the divalent metal hydroxide aqueous solution stored in the storage tank can be Ca(OH)2 or Mg(OH)2 generated by reacting water with CaO or MgO.

[0046] Additionally, it may include a discharge section comprising a cleaning water tank, a water treatment device, and a mud storage tank. The cleaning water tank stores the cleaning water discharged from the absorption tower. The water treatment device includes a turbidity-adjusting filtration unit and a pH-adjusting neutralizing agent injection unit so that the cleaning water transferred to the cleaning water tank by means of a transfer pump meets the conditions for discharge offboard. The mud storage tank separately stores solid discharge materials.

[0047] On the other hand, the present invention can provide a ship equipped with the aforementioned greenhouse gas emission reduction device.

[0048] Technical effect

[0049] According to the present invention, the advantages are: maintaining a predetermined concentration of greenhouse gas absorbent liquid; preventing low absorption performance of the absorbent tower; using a pressurization system to prevent absorbent liquid loss due to natural evaporation of high-concentration absorbent liquid; converting it into substances that do not harm the environment and separating and discharging it, or converting it into useful substances for storage, so as to meet IMO greenhouse gas emission limits; regenerating NH3 to minimize the relatively expensive consumption of NH3; reducing the capacity of the downstream section of the filter; storing greenhouse gases in the form of carbonates existing in a natural state, enabling discharge by sea; and removing SO2 residues remaining during NH3 regeneration. X The resulting side reactions minimize NH3 loss, ensuring that ammonia recovery is free of impurities.

[0050] Furthermore, according to the present invention, the advantages are that by using fresh water from the ship's internal cooling system to cool the exhaust gas through heat exchange, the concentration of the absorbent liquid is prevented from decreasing, thus reducing the capacity of the filter's rear end, adjusting the concentration of the absorbent liquid, maintaining the concentration of the absorbent liquid at a predetermined level, preventing low greenhouse gas absorption performance, using a pressurization system to prevent absorbent liquid loss due to natural evaporation of high-concentration absorbent liquid, converting it into substances that do not affect the environment and separating and discharging it, or converting it into useful substances for storage, so as to meet IMO greenhouse gas emission limits, storing greenhouse gases in the form of carbonates existing in a natural state, enabling discharge at sea, regenerating NH3 and minimizing the relatively expensive consumption of NH3. Attached Figure Description

[0051] Figure 1 The illustration shows a schematic configuration diagram of a greenhouse gas emission reduction device for a ship according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0052] Figure 2 The illustration shows Figure 1 System loop diagram of greenhouse gas emission reduction devices for ships.

[0053] Figure 3 The diagram shows the separation. Figure 2 The seawater supply section of the ship's greenhouse gas emission reduction device.

[0054] Figure 4 The diagram shows the separation. Figure 2 The ship's greenhouse gas emission reduction device includes an absorbent manufacturing section, an absorbent concentration adjustment section, and an ammonia regeneration section.

[0055] Figure 5 The diagram shows the separation. Figure 2 The absorption tower of the greenhouse gas emission reduction device on the ship.

[0056] Figure 6 The diagram shows the separation. Figure 5 SO absorption tower X Absorption section.

[0057] Figure 7 The diagram shows the separation. Figure 2 The steam generation and discharge sections of the greenhouse gas emission reduction device on the ship.

[0058] Figure 8 An exemplary illustration shows the application of Figure 2 A variety of filling materials for greenhouse gas emission reduction devices on ships.

[0059] Figure 9 An exemplary illustration shows the application of Figure 2 The ammonia injection nozzles of the greenhouse gas emission reduction device on the ship.

[0060] Figure 10 The illustration shows a schematic configuration diagram of a greenhouse gas emission reduction device for a ship according to another embodiment of the present invention.

[0061] Figure 11 The illustration shows Figure 10 Another embodiment of the system loop diagram of a greenhouse gas emission reduction device for a ship.

[0062] Figure 12 The diagram shows the separation. Figure 11 Another embodiment of the ship's greenhouse gas emission reduction device includes an exhaust gas cooling section and an absorption tower.

[0063] Figure 13 The diagram shows the separation. Figure 11 Another embodiment of the ship's greenhouse gas emission reduction device includes an absorbent manufacturing section, an absorbent concentration adjustment section, and an ammonia regeneration section.

[0064] Figure 14 The diagram shows the separation. Figure 11 Another embodiment of the steam generation section of a ship's greenhouse gas emission reduction device.

[0065] Figure 15 An exemplary illustration shows the application of Figure 11 Another embodiment of the ship's greenhouse gas emission reduction device uses a variety of filling materials.

[0066] Figure 16 An exemplary illustration shows the application of Figure 11 Another embodiment of the ship's greenhouse gas emission reduction device uses an ammonia water injection nozzle. Detailed Implementation

[0067] The embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, so that those skilled in the art can readily implement the invention. The present invention can be embodied in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein.

[0068] If reference Figure 1The essence of a greenhouse gas emission reduction device for ships according to one embodiment of the present invention is that it includes a seawater supply unit 110, an absorbent liquid manufacturing unit 120, an absorption tower 130, an absorbent liquid concentration regulating unit 140, and an ammonia regeneration unit 150, which maintains the concentration of the absorbent liquid at a predetermined level to prevent low absorption performance. The seawater supply unit 110 supplies seawater, the absorbent liquid manufacturing unit 120 manufactures and supplies high-concentration CO2 absorbent liquid, and the absorption tower 130 has a CO2 removal unit 131. The CO2 removal unit 131 removes CO2 from the ship's engine 1... The exhaust gas discharged from the 0 reacts with seawater supplied from the seawater supply unit 110 and is cooled. The cooled exhaust gas then reacts with the absorbent from the absorbent manufacturing unit 120 to convert CO2 into an ammonium salt aqueous solution and remove CO2. The absorbent concentration regulating unit 140 regulates the concentration of the absorbent supplied from the absorbent manufacturing unit 120 to the absorption tower 130. The ammonia regeneration unit 150 reacts the ammonium salt aqueous solution discharged from the absorption tower 130 with a divalent metal hydroxide aqueous solution to regenerate NH3 and return it to the absorption tower 130 for reuse as absorbent.

[0069] Depending on the type and specifications of the ship's engine used as the main engine or power generation engine (low-pressure engine or high-pressure engine), and the type of fuel supplied to the ship's engine (HFO, MDO, LNG, MGO, LSMGO, ammonia, etc.), the absorption tower, in addition to the CO2 removal section, may selectively include NO removal. x Absorption section or SO X It is composed of an absorption section, or is composed entirely of it.

[0070] Especially when using low-sulfur fuel oil (LSMGO) as marine engine fuel, additional equipment can be added that can simultaneously perform exhaust gas cooling and SO2 desulfurization. X SO2 dissolved and absorbed X Absorption section.

[0071] The following describes the formation of NO in the absorption tower through sequential stacking. x Absorption section, SO X Examples of absorption sections and CO2 removal sections are provided, but are not limited to these. As mentioned above, NO... x Absorption section and / or SO X Whether or not an absorption unit is equipped depends on the type of ship engine and fuel.

[0072] The following reference Figures 1 to 9 The composition of the greenhouse gas emission reduction device of the aforementioned ship is described in detail.

[0073] First, the seawater supply unit 110 supplies seawater to the absorption tower 130 to lower the temperature of the exhaust gas, so that the CO2 absorption by means of the absorption liquid can proceed smoothly.

[0074] Specifically, the seawater supply department, such as Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, it can be composed of a seawater pump 111 and a seawater regulating valve 112. The seawater pump 111 draws in and receives supplied seawater from outside the ship through a sea chest (not shown in the figure), and pumps it to the SO2 absorption tower 130. X The absorption section 132, wherein the seawater regulating valve 112 adjusts the flow of seawater to SO2 according to the amount of waste gas. X The absorption section 132 supplies seawater in jet volume. The seawater pump 111 can also be separated into a suction pump for drawing seawater from outside the ship and a pump for drawing and transferring seawater to SO2. X The absorption section 132 consists of a seawater transfer pump.

[0075] For reference, depending on whether the ship is docked or at sea, seawater pump 111 can be selectively supplied with seawater from either a high-level seawater suction tank (for suction of upper water) or a low-level seawater suction tank (for suction of lower water) based on the water depth. That is, when the ship is docked, the upper seawater is cleaner than the lower seawater, so the high-level seawater suction tank can be used; when the ship is at sea, the lower seawater is cleaner than the upper seawater, so the low-level seawater suction tank can be used.

[0076] The seawater regulating valve 112 can be a manually operated diaphragm valve or a solenoid valve for regulating seawater flow, but it is not limited to these. Any type of valve can be used as long as it can adjust the amount of seawater injected through the seawater jet nozzle 132a according to the amount of exhaust gas.

[0077] Then, the absorbent production unit 120, as shown in [Chemical Formula 1] below, reacts fresh water with NH3 to produce high-concentration ammonia water (NH4OH(aq)) as a high-concentration CO2 absorbent, which is then supplied to the absorption tower 130 via the absorbent concentration adjustment unit 140.

[0078]

Chemical Formula 1

[0079] NH3 + H2O → NH4OH (aq), (exothermic reaction, 1650 MJ / ton)

[0080] Specifically, such as Figure 2 and Figure 4As shown, the absorbent manufacturing unit 120 may include: a clean water tank (not shown) storing clean water; a clean water regulating valve 121 supplying clean water from the clean water tank to an ammonia tank 123; an NH3 storage tank 122 storing high-pressure NH3; an ammonia tank 123 spraying NH3 supplied from the NH3 storage tank 122 into the clean water supplied by means of the clean water regulating valve 121 to prepare and store high-concentration ammonia; a pH sensor 124 measuring the ammonia concentration in the ammonia tank 123; and an ammonia supply pump 125 supplying high-concentration ammonia from the ammonia tank 123 to the absorbent concentration regulating unit 140.

[0081] For example, the concentration of ammonia water circulating in the absorption tower 130 and ammonia regeneration section 150 changes during repeated operation. When the concentration decreases, high-concentration ammonia water can be supplied to ammonia water circulation pipeline A (refer to...). Figure 1 To compensate for the reduced ammonia concentration, the ammonia concentration is maintained at the designed concentration.

[0082] On the other hand, at the same temperature, the partial pressure of NH3(g) is higher in high-concentration ammonia solution compared to low-concentration ammonia solution. Under atmospheric pressure, NH3 evaporates more easily, resulting in increased loss. Therefore, to store high-concentration ammonia solution, the temperature should be lowered and the system should be operated under pressure to increase solubility and reduce the vapor pressure of NH3(g).

[0083] That is, in order to prevent NH3(g) from evaporating into the atmosphere, compressed air at a predetermined pressure can be injected into the ammonia tank 123 to maintain the pressure inside the ammonia tank 123 at a high pressure state and prevent NH3 from evaporating and being lost.

[0084] For example, NH3 can be stored in a liquid state at -34°C and 8.5 bar, so 7 bar compressed air available on board can be used to maintain the internal pressure of ammonia tank 123 and store 50% concentration ammonia in ammonia tank 123.

[0085] Additionally, a safety valve 123a can be installed to prevent overpressure in the ammonia tank 123.

[0086] Then, a CO2 removal section 131 is formed in the absorption tower 130. The CO2 removal section 131 reacts and cools the exhaust gas discharged from the ship engine 10 with seawater supplied from the seawater supply section 110. The CO2 in the cooled exhaust gas reacts with ammonia water, which is the absorbent, from the absorbent liquid manufacturing section 120. As shown in the following [Chemical Formula 2], the CO2 is converted into an ammonium salt aqueous solution (NH4HCO3(aq)) and CO2 is removed.

[0087]

Chemical Formula 2

[0088] 2NH4OH + CO2 → (NH4)2CO3 + H2O

[0089] (NH4)CO3 + CO2 + H2O → 2NH4HCO3

[0090] Specifically, CO2 removal unit 131, such as Figure 3 As shown, the device may include: an ammonia injection nozzle 131a, which sprays ammonia water supplied from the absorbent concentration adjustment unit 140 downwards; a packing material 131b, which brings the CO2 in the exhaust gas into contact with the ammonia water, which serves as the absorbent, to convert the CO2 into NH4HCO3(aq); a cooling jacket (not shown in the figure), which is formed in multiple sections in each section of the absorption device filled with the packing material 131b, to cool the heat generated by the CO2 absorption reaction; a water sprayer 131c, which captures NH3 that is discharged to the outside without reacting with CO2; a demister plate 131d, which is formed in a tortuous multi-plate shape to return the ammonia water sprayed by the ammonia injection nozzle 131a back towards the packing material 131b; and a partition wall 131e, which is formed to prevent the ammonia water passing through the packing material 131b from flowing back into the SO42-O2 ... X Absorption section 132; and cutting plate 131f, the cutting plate 131f being in the shape of an umbrella covering the exhaust gas inlet surrounded by partition wall 131e.

[0091] Among them, the cooling jacket can cool to 30°C to 50°C, where the material transfer is most efficient, so that the CO2 absorption rate is maintained at a certain level while preventing NH3 from being vaporized and lost.

[0092] On the other hand, the CO2 removal unit 131 can be designed in various forms to increase the contact area between the exhaust gas and NH3 while operating within the allowable pressure drop of the exhaust pipe required by engine specifications. For example, the packing material 131b can be composed of multi-stage distillation tower packing designed to increase the contact area per unit volume. The contact area per unit area, gas pressure drop, and air velocity can be considered to select a suitable configuration. Figure 8 The packing material of the distillation column in the absorption process shown is as follows: Figure 9 As shown, the ammonia spray nozzle 131a can be configured as a ladder pipe (a) or a sprayer (b).

[0093] Additionally, a solution redistributor (not shown in the figure) can be formed between the distillation column packing material, where ammonia water flows downward through the packing material 131b and exhaust gas flows upward through the packing material 131b to contact each other in order to prevent channeling.

[0094] In addition, the demister plate 131d causes the scattered ammonia water to adhere to the tortuous multi-plate, increasing the size of the droplets, which then drain towards the filling material 131b by their own weight.

[0095] On the other hand, as mentioned above, the ship engine 10 is based on the premise of using LNG or low-sulfur oil as fuel. When using LNG as fuel, SO2 is not required. X The amount generated, but in the case that the ship engine 10 uses low-sulfur oil as fuel, the absorber 130 can be equipped with SO2. X Absorption section 132.

[0096] That is, SO X The absorption section 132 can dissolve and remove SO₂ while reacting and cooling the exhaust gas from the ship engine 10 with seawater supplied from the seawater supply section 110. X The CO2 removal unit 131 can remove SO2. X The exhaust gas reacts with seawater supplied from the seawater supply unit 110 and is cooled, and the cooled exhaust gas reacts with absorbent from the absorbent manufacturing unit 120 to convert CO2 into an ammonium salt aqueous solution, thereby absorbing and removing CO2.

[0097] Specifically, SO X The absorber section 132 is the section that first comes into contact with seawater, such as... Figure 3 and Figure 6 As shown, it may include: a multi-segment seawater jet nozzle 132a, which jets seawater supplied from the seawater supply unit 110 downwards to dissolve SO2. X Removes soot dust; and has a partition-shaped exhaust gas inlet pipe 132b or an umbrella-shaped cut-off plate 132c covering the exhaust gas inlet pipe 132b to prevent backflow of cleaning water.

[0098] On the other hand, the exhaust gas temperature can also be cooled to the 27°C to 33°C required by the CO2 removal section 131, preferably to around 30°C, via seawater jet nozzle 132a or other cooling sleeves (not shown in the figure). Figure 6 As shown in Figure a, multiple sections of the lower part of the seawater jet nozzle 132a are respectively formed with porous upper plates 132d. The porous upper plates 132d form flow paths for exhaust gas to pass through, so that the seawater and exhaust gas can come into smooth contact, or as shown in Figure a. Figure 6As shown in b, an absorption device 132e filled with a filling material that brings seawater into contact with exhaust gas is formed in the lower part of the seawater jet nozzle 132a, so that the seawater dissolves SO2. X .

[0099] On the other hand, in order to further improve SO X The solubility of SO can be determined by the ratio of SO to SO. X The absorption unit 132 is composed of a closed loop system in which compounds that form alkaline ions, such as NaOH or MgO, are added to the seawater supplied by the absorption unit.

[0100] For reference, although closed-loop systems involve additional consumption of alkaline chemicals, they have the advantage of requiring a smaller volume of circulating seawater, only spraying seawater and dissolving SO₂. X An open-loop system that discharges chemicals outside the ship has the advantage of simplification, as it does not require additional alkaline chemical consumption. To maximize this advantage, it can also be constructed as a hybrid system that combines open and closed loops.

[0101] Therefore, through SO X Absorption section 132 first removes SO X Then, CO2 is removed by the CO2 removal unit 131, SO X The solubility increases, first transforming into compounds such as Na₂SO₃, which can solve the problem until SO₂ is reached. X This addresses the challenge of removing CO2 before it was fully dissolved, improving CO2 solubility and CO2 removal efficiency.

[0102] Among them, by means of SO X Absorption section 132 absorbs SO X The washing water discharged to the discharge section 170 contains SO3-, SO42-, soot, NaSO3, NaSO4, MgCO3, MgSO4 and other ionic compounds.

[0103] On the other hand, as mentioned earlier, the absorption tower 130 may also include NO. x Absorption section 133, the NO x The absorption section 133 absorbs and removes NO from the exhaust gas emitted from the ship engine 10. x It can remove NO x The exhaust gas reacts with seawater supplied from the seawater supply unit 110 and is cooled, and the cooled exhaust gas reacts with absorbent from the absorbent manufacturing unit 120 to convert CO2 into an ammonium salt aqueous solution and remove CO2.

[0104] That is, the absorption tower 130 is formed by stacking NO in the vertical direction. X Absorption section 133, SOX The absorption section 132 and the CO2 removal section 131 sequentially absorb and remove NO. X SO X and CO2, wherein the NO X The absorption section 133 absorbs and removes NO from the exhaust gas emitted from the ship engine 10. X The SO X The absorption section 132 removes NO X The waste gas reacts with seawater and is cooled, dissolving and removing SO2. X The CO2 removal unit 131 removes SO2. X The cooled exhaust gas reacts with ammonia water supplied from the absorbent manufacturing section 120 to convert CO2 into NH4HCO3(aq) and remove CO2.

[0105] Therefore, the CO2 removal unit 131 removes NO from the preceding part. X and SO X The waste gas is first removed by reacting with ammonia water. In the CO2 removal process, no NO reaction occurs. X and SO X The resulting side reactions can minimize the occurrence of impurities, and in subsequent processes, NH4HCO3 with fewer impurities can be obtained.

[0106] The absorption tower 130 may include a CO2 removal unit 131 and an SO2 removal unit 132. X Absorption section 132, NO X The absorption section 133 and the EGE 134 described later can be composed of individual modules to achieve modular combination, or they can be integrated in a single tower form. The absorption tower 130 itself can also be composed of a single tower or a group of multiple towers.

[0107] Specifically, NO X The absorber 133 serves as an SCR (Selective Catalyst Reactor), such as... Figure 5 As shown, NH3 can be directly supplied from the ammonia regeneration unit 150 via a blower 133a or a compressor using the first NH3 injection nozzle 133b. Alternatively, when NH3 is insufficient, urea water (UREA) from the urea water storage tank 133c can be supplied via the urea water supply pump 133d using the second NH3 injection nozzle 133e to compensate for the loss or deficiency.

[0108] On the other hand, if urea water is decomposed, NH3 and CO2 are produced, so it is recommended to directly supply NH3 to reduce CO2 generation.

[0109] Additionally, the absorption tower 130 may also include an EGE (Exhaust Gas Economizer) 134, wherein the EGE is used in NO... X Absorption section 133 and SO X The absorption section 132 is formed between the two sections, allowing the waste heat from the ship engine 10 to exchange heat with the boiler water.

[0110] Then, the absorbent concentration regulating unit 140 regulates the concentration of the absorbent supplied from the absorbent manufacturing unit 120 to the absorbent tower 130 and circulated thereon.

[0111] For example, when the concentration of ammonia circulating along ammonia circulation pipeline A is low, the generation of (NH4)2CO3 as described above [Chemical Formula 2] decreases, and the amount of CO2 discharged increases. When the concentration is high, due to excessive CO2 absorption, the production of CaCO3 or MgCO3 increases beyond the requirement. Therefore, the absorbent concentration regulating section 140 should maintain the ammonia concentration at a predetermined level so that the CO2 absorption performance of the absorption tower 130 is continuous.

[0112] Therefore, the absorbent concentration adjustment unit 140 can be designed to mix the high-concentration ammonia water from the absorbent manufacturing unit 120 with the low-concentration ammonia water circulating along the ammonia water circulation pipeline A, and adjust the concentration of the ammonia water to 12% according to the mass standard, but it is not limited to this and can be changed according to the usage conditions.

[0113] That is, the absorbent concentration adjustment unit 140, such as Figure 4 As shown, it may include: a clean water supply line 141 that supplies clean water; a pH sensor 142 that measures the concentration of ammonia water supplied to the absorption tower 130 as an absorbent; a flow regulating valve 143 that regulates the flow rate of high-concentration ammonia water supplied from the absorbent production unit 120 by means of the operation of the ammonia water supply pump 125; a first mixer 144 that, based on the ammonia water concentration from the absorbent production unit 120, either increases the concentration by mixing the high-concentration ammonia water from the absorbent production unit 120 or decreases the concentration by mixing the clean water from the clean water supply line 141, thereby regulating the concentration of ammonia water; and a pressure maintaining valve 145 that prevents NH3 evaporation when mixing by means of the first mixer 144.

[0114] Inside the first mixer 144, there may be a conduit or structure in various forms that is configured with blades that can cause fluid vortices for smooth mixing. The pressure maintaining valve 145 is formed at the outlet of the first mixer 144 and maintains high pressure during mixing to prevent NH3(g) from being lost due to evaporation from high-concentration ammonia water.

[0115] Then, the ammonia regeneration unit 150 can react the ammonium salt aqueous solution discharged from the absorption tower 130 with the divalent metal hydroxide aqueous solution according to the following [Chemical Formula 3 and [Chemical Formula 4], thereby regenerating NH3 and returning it to the absorption tower 130 for use as CO2 absorbent. This allows CO2 to be stored or discharged in the form of CaCO3(s) or MgCO3(s) carbonate, or, as previously described, supplied to NO. X Absorption section 133 utilizes NH3 to absorb NO. X .

[0116]

Chemical Formula 3

[0117] NH4HCO3(aq)+Ca(OH)2→CaCO3(S)+2H2O+NH3(g)

[0118] [Chemical Formula 4]

[0119] NH4HCO3(aq)+Mg(OH)2→MgCO3(S)+2H2O+NH3(g)

[0120] Specifically, the ammonia regeneration section 150, such as Figure 4 As shown, the system may include: a storage tank 151 storing an aqueous solution of divalent metal hydroxide (Ca(OH)2 or Mg(OH)2); a mixing tank 152, which uses a second stirrer to stir the ammonium salt aqueous solution (NH4HCO3(aq)) and the divalent metal hydroxide aqueous solution discharged from the absorption tower 130, generating NH3(g) and carbonate; a filter 153, which draws in the solution and precipitate from the mixing tank 152 and separates the carbonate; and a high-pressure pump 154, which pumps the solution and precipitate to the filter under high pressure. 153; Ammonia storage tank 155, which stores ammonia (or water) separated by means of filter 153 and supplies it to absorbent concentration regulating unit 140; Ammonia circulation pump 156, which supplies ammonia from ammonia storage tank 155 to absorbent concentration regulating unit 140; and another storage tank (not shown in the figure), which stores carbonates (CaCO3(s) or MgCO3(s)) separated by means of filter 153 in a slurry state or transfers them to a dryer (not shown in the figure) to a solid state.

[0121] The reaction is continuous thanks to a second agitator installed in the mixing tank 152, and the predetermined temperature can be maintained so that the reaction can proceed smoothly.

[0122] In addition, the storage tank 151 is used to react water with metal oxides (CaO or MgO) to generate and store divalent metal hydroxide aqueous solution (Ca(OH)2 or Mg(OH)2), which is then supplied to the mixing tank 152.

[0123] Therefore, by using only relatively inexpensive metal oxides (CaO or MgO) or aqueous solutions of divalent metal hydroxides (Ca(OH)2 or Mg(OH)2), no additional water is needed, the ammonia concentration does not decrease, the capacity of filter 153 can be reduced, and the cost of NH3 regeneration can be decreased. In other words, theoretically, by consuming only metal oxides and using NH3 and clean water, the cost of CO2 removal can be significantly reduced.

[0124] Additionally, filter 153 draws in solution and precipitate from mixing tank 152, and uses high-pressure pump 154 ​​to transfer the precipitate of NaHCO3 and other byproducts at high pressure, separating carbonates for storage in solid state or discharge overboard. As an example of filter 153, a diaphragm filter suitable for precipitate separation caused by high-pressure solid transfer can be used.

[0125] In addition, the ammonia water circulation pump 156 can be a centrifugal pump type pump so that a large amount of ammonia water can circulate along the ammonia water circulation pipeline A.

[0126] Then, the steam generation section 160, as Figure 7 As shown, the system comprises an auxiliary boiler 161, a boiler water circulation pump 162, a cascade tank 163, a supply pump 164, and a regulating valve 165. It generates and supplies steam required for the ship's heating equipment. The auxiliary boiler 161 receives a mixture of steam and saturated water that undergoes heat exchange through an EGE 134. The steam is separated by a steam drum (not shown) and supplied to the steam consumption point. The boiler water circulation pump 162 circulates boiler water from the auxiliary boiler 161 to the EGE 134. The cascade tank 163 recovers condensate from the steam consumption point, which has undergone a phase change. The supply pump 164 and regulating valve 165 regulate and supply the amount of boiler water from the cascade tank 163 to the auxiliary boiler 161.

[0127] In cases where the ship engine 10 is under heavy load, the heat received from the exhaust gas is high, and the steam required by the ship can be fully produced through the EGE 134. However, in cases where this is not the case, the fuel can be burned in the auxiliary boiler 161 itself to produce the required steam.

[0128] Then, the discharge section 170, as shown Figure 7As shown, the system consists of a cleaning water tank 171, a water treatment device 173, and a mud storage tank 174. The cleaning water that meets the conditions for discharge outside the ship after passing through the water treatment device 173 can be discharged outside the ship. Solid emissions such as carbon soot that cannot meet the conditions for discharge outside the ship are independently stored in the mud storage tank 174. The cleaning water tank 171 stores the cleaning water discharged from the absorption tower 130. The water treatment device 173 has a turbidity-adjusting filtration unit and a neutralizing agent injection unit for pH adjustment, so that the cleaning water transferred from the cleaning water tank 171 by means of the transfer pump 172 meets the conditions for discharge outside the ship. The mud storage tank 174 separately stores solid emissions such as carbon soot.

[0129] On the other hand, as a neutralizing agent to meet the conditions for discharge from the ship, NaOH can be used, but in all cases assuming that the substances discharged from the absorption tower 130 are acidic or alkaline, a neutralizing agent that can neutralize these acids or bases can be selected as needed.

[0130] On the other hand, a vessel according to another embodiment of the present invention may be provided with the aforementioned greenhouse gas emission reduction device.

[0131] Therefore, based on the aforementioned configuration of the ship's greenhouse gas emission reduction device, the concentration of the greenhouse gas absorbent can be maintained at a predetermined level, preventing the absorption tower from experiencing low absorption performance. A pressurization system can be used to prevent absorbent loss due to natural evaporation of high-concentration absorbent. The absorbent can be converted into substances that do not harm the environment and separated for discharge, or converted into useful substances for storage, in order to meet IMO greenhouse gas emission limits. NH3 regeneration minimizes the relatively expensive NH3 consumption, reduces the capacity of the filter's downstream section, and stores greenhouse gases in their naturally occurring carbonate form, enabling discharge at sea and removing SO2 residues remaining during NH3 regeneration. X The resulting side reactions minimize NH3 loss, ensuring that ammonia recovery is free of impurities.

[0132] On the other hand, if we refer to Figure 10The essence of another embodiment of the greenhouse gas emission reduction device for ships of the present invention is that it includes an exhaust gas cooling section 110', an absorbent liquid manufacturing section 120', an absorption tower 130', an absorbent liquid concentration regulating section 140', and an ammonia regeneration section 150'. It utilizes heat exchange to cool the exhaust gas with clean water, preventing a decrease in the absorbent liquid concentration, regulating the absorbent liquid concentration to maintain a predetermined concentration, and preventing poor absorption performance. Specifically, the exhaust gas cooling section 110' cools the exhaust gas discharged from the ship's engine 10', the absorbent liquid manufacturing section 120' manufactures and supplies high-concentration CO2 absorbent liquid, and the absorption tower... 130' has a CO2 removal section 131', which reacts waste gas cooled by means of waste gas cooling section 110' with absorbent from absorbent production section 120' to convert CO2 into an ammonium salt aqueous solution and remove CO2. The absorbent concentration adjustment section 140' adjusts the concentration of absorbent supplied from absorbent production section 120' to absorption tower 130'. The ammonia regeneration section 150' reacts the ammonium salt aqueous solution discharged from absorption tower 130' with a divalent metal hydroxide aqueous solution, regenerates it with NH3 and returns it to absorption tower 130', and uses it as absorbent again.

[0133] Depending on the type and specifications of the ship's engine used as the main engine or power generation engine (low-pressure engine or high-pressure engine), and the type of fuel supplied to the ship's engine (HFO, MDO, LNG, MGO, LSMGO, ammonia, etc.), the absorption tower, in addition to the CO2 removal section, may selectively include NO removal. x Absorption section or SO X It is composed of an absorption section, or is composed entirely of it.

[0134] Especially when LNG is used as fuel for ship engines, since there is no SO X The generation volume does not require a separate SO installation. X The absorber section, however, will produce trace amounts of SO when using low-sulfur oil (LSMGO). X Therefore, it is also possible to add equipment capable of simultaneously performing exhaust gas cooling and SO2 desulfurization. X SO2 dissolved and absorbed X Absorption section.

[0135] The following describes the scenario where LNG or low-sulfur oil is used as fuel for ship engines, and how NO is formed in the absorption tower through sequential stacking. x Examples of absorption sections, exhaust gas cooling sections, and CO2 removal sections are provided, but are not limited to these. As mentioned above, NO... x Whether or not an absorption unit is equipped depends on the type of ship engine and fuel.

[0136] The following reference Figures 10 to 16 The composition of the greenhouse gas emission reduction device of the aforementioned ship is described in detail.

[0137] First, the exhaust gas cooling section 110' cools the exhaust gas discharged from the ship engine 10', lowering the exhaust gas temperature and allowing CO2 absorption by means of the absorbent liquid to proceed smoothly.

[0138] For example, the exhaust gas cooling section 110' can cool the exhaust gas discharged from the ship engine 10' by means of heat exchange with fresh water. Specifically, the fresh water supplied from the ship's internal cooling system 20' can be circulated in the heat exchange piping 111' surrounding the exhaust gas discharge pipe for which the exhaust gas flows, thereby cooling the exhaust gas to a temperature of 27°C to 33°C by means of heat exchange with fresh water.

[0139] That is, the water cooling method, which uses clean water to directly cool the exhaust gas, results in a decrease in the concentration of the absorbent liquid due to the direct introduction of clean water, leading to a low greenhouse gas absorption performance. Therefore, this situation can be improved by using heat exchange to cool the exhaust gas, preventing the concentration of the absorbent liquid from decreasing and maintaining the greenhouse gas absorption performance as intended.

[0140] Then, the absorbent preparation unit 120', as shown in [Chemical Formula 5] below, reacts water with NH3 to prepare high-concentration ammonia water (NH4OH(aq)) as a high-concentration CO2 absorbent, which is then supplied to the absorption tower 130' via the absorbent concentration adjustment unit 140'.

[0141] [Chemical Formula 5]

[0142] NH3 + H2O → NH4OH (aq), (exothermic reaction, 1650 MJ / ton)

[0143] Specifically, the absorbent manufacturing section 120' Figure 11 and Figure 13 As shown, it may include: a clean water tank (not shown) storing clean water; a clean water regulating valve 121' supplying clean water from the clean water tank to an ammonia tank 123'; an NH3 storage tank 122' storing high-pressure NH3; an ammonia tank 123' injecting NH3 supplied from the NH3 storage tank 122' into the clean water supplied by means of the clean water regulating valve 121' to prepare and store high-concentration ammonia; a pH sensor 124' measuring the ammonia concentration in the ammonia tank 123'; and an ammonia supply pump 125' supplying high-concentration ammonia from the ammonia tank 123' to an absorbent concentration regulating unit 140'.

[0144] For example, the concentration of ammonia water circulating in the absorption tower 130' and ammonia regeneration section 150' changes during repeated operation. When the concentration decreases, high-concentration ammonia water can be supplied to the ammonia water circulation pipeline A' (refer to...). Figure 10 To compensate for the reduced ammonia concentration, the ammonia concentration is maintained at the designed concentration.

[0145] On the other hand, at the same temperature, the partial pressure of NH3(g) is higher in high-concentration ammonia solution compared to low-concentration ammonia solution. Under atmospheric pressure, NH3 evaporates more easily, resulting in increased loss. Therefore, to store high-concentration ammonia solution, the temperature should be lowered and the system should be operated under pressure to increase solubility and reduce the vapor pressure of NH3(g).

[0146] That is, in order to prevent NH3(g) from evaporating into the atmosphere, compressed air at a predetermined pressure can be injected into the ammonia tank 123' to maintain the pressure inside the ammonia tank 123' at a high pressure state, thereby preventing NH3 from evaporating and being lost.

[0147] For example, NH3 can be stored in a liquid state at -34°C and 8.5 bar, so 7 bar compressed air available on board can be used to maintain the internal pressure of ammonia tank 123' and store 50% concentration ammonia in ammonia tank 123'.

[0148] Additionally, a safety valve 123a' can be installed to release air into the safety area to reduce pressure in order to prevent overpressure in the ammonia tank 123'.

[0149] Then, a CO2 removal section 131' is formed in the absorption tower 130', which reacts the exhaust gas cooled by means of the exhaust gas cooling section 110' with ammonia water (NH4OH(aq)) from the absorbent liquid manufacturing section 120' as the absorbent liquid, as shown below [Chemical Formula 6], to convert CO2 into an ammonium salt aqueous solution (NH4HCO3(aq)) and remove CO2.

[0150]

Chemical Formula 6

[0151] 2NH4OH + CO2 → (NH4)2CO3 + H2O

[0152] (NH4)CO3 + CO2 + H2O → 2NH4HCO3

[0153] Specifically, CO2 removal section 131' Figure 12As shown, it may include: an ammonia injection nozzle 131a', which sprays ammonia water supplied from the absorbent concentration adjustment unit 140' downwards; a filling material 131b', which brings the CO2 of the exhaust gas into contact with the ammonia water, which serves as the absorbent, thereby converting the CO2 into NH4HCO3(aq), which is an ammonium salt aqueous solution; and a cooling jacket. The jacket (not shown in the figure) is formed in multiple sections in each section of the absorption device filled with filler material 131b' to cool the heat generated by the CO2 absorption reaction; the water sprayer 131c' captures NH3 that is discharged to the outside without reacting with CO2; the demister plate 131d' is formed in a tortuous multi-plate shape to allow the ammonia water sprayed by the ammonia water spray nozzle 131a' to return to the filler material 131b'; the partition wall 131e' is formed to prevent the ammonia water passing through the filler material 131b' from flowing back to SO2. X Absorption section; and cutting plate 131f', the cutting plate 131f' being in the shape of an umbrella covering the exhaust gas inlet surrounded by partition wall 131e'.

[0154] Among them, the cooling jacket can cool to 30°C to 50°C, where the material transfer is most efficient, so that the CO2 absorption rate is maintained at a certain level while preventing NH3 from being vaporized and lost.

[0155] On the other hand, the CO2 removal section 131' can be designed in various forms to increase the contact area between exhaust gas and NH3 while operating within the allowable pressure drop of the exhaust pipe required by engine specifications. For example, the packing material 131b' can be composed of multi-stage distillation tower packing designed to increase the contact area per unit volume. Considering the contact area per unit area, gas pressure drop, and wind speed, a suitable design can be selected. Figure 15 The packing material of the distillation column in the absorption process shown is as follows: Figure 16 As shown, the ammonia spray nozzle 131a' can be configured as a ladder pipe (a) or a sprayer (b).

[0156] Additionally, a solution redistributor (not shown in the figure) can be formed between the distillation column packing material, where ammonia water flows downward through the packing material 131b' and exhaust gas flows upward through the packing material 131b' to contact it in order to prevent channeling.

[0157] In addition, the demister plate 131d' causes the scattered ammonia water to adhere to the tortuous multi-plate, increasing the size of the droplets, which then drain towards the filling material 131b' by their own weight.

[0158] On the other hand, as mentioned earlier, the ship engine 10' is based on the premise of using LNG or low-sulfur fuel as fuel. When using LNG as fuel, there is no SO₂. X The amount of SO generated, but if the ship engine 10' uses low-sulfur oil as fuel, the absorber 130' can also be equipped with SO X Absorption section.

[0159] For example, although not illustrated separately, SO X The absorption section can dissolve and remove SO₂ while reacting and cooling the exhaust gas from the ship's engine 10' with seawater. X The CO2 removal unit 131' can remove SO2. X The cooled exhaust gas reacts with the absorbent from the absorbent manufacturing section 120' to convert CO2 into an ammonium salt aqueous solution, thereby absorbing and removing CO2.

[0160] Additionally, as mentioned earlier, the absorption tower 130' may also include a section for absorbing and removing NO from the exhaust gas emitted from the ship engine 10'. x NO x The absorption section 132' removes NO by means of the exhaust gas cooling section 110'. x The exhaust gas is cooled and reacted with the absorbent from the absorbent manufacturing section 120' to convert CO2 into an ammonium salt aqueous solution and remove CO2.

[0161] That is, the absorption tower 130' is formed by stacking NO in the vertical direction. X The absorption section 132' and the CO2 removal section 131' sequentially absorb and remove NO. X and CO2, wherein the NO X The absorption section 132' absorbs and removes NO from the exhaust gas emitted from the ship's engine 10'. X The CO2 removal unit 131' removes NO. X The cooled exhaust gas reacts with ammonia water supplied from the absorbent manufacturing section 120' to convert CO2 into NH4HCO3(aq) and remove CO2.

[0162] Therefore, the CO2 removal unit 131' can remove NO that has been removed earlier. X The waste gas is first removed by reacting with ammonia water. In the CO2 removal process, no NO reaction occurs. X The resulting side reactions can minimize the occurrence of impurities and obtain NH4HCO3 with fewer impurities in subsequent processes.

[0163] The absorption tower 130' may include a CO2 removal unit 131' and an NO removal unit 132'. XThe absorption section 132' and the EGE 133' described later can be composed of individual modules to achieve modular combination, or they can be integrated in a single tower form. The absorption tower 130' itself can also be composed of a single tower or a group of multiple towers.

[0164] Specifically, NO X The absorber section 132' serves as an SCR (Selective Catalyst Reactor), such as... Figure 12 As shown, regenerated NH3 can be directly supplied from the ammonia regeneration unit 150' via a blower 132a' or a compressor using the first NH3 injection nozzle 132b' to absorb NO. X Alternatively, when NH3 is insufficient, urea water (UREA) in urea water storage tank 132c' can be supplied through urea water supply pump 132d' using the second NH3 injection nozzle 132e' to replace and compensate for the lost or insufficient portion.

[0165] On the other hand, if urea water is decomposed, NH3 and CO2 are produced, so it is recommended to directly supply NH3 to reduce CO2 generation.

[0166] On the other hand, the absorption tower 130' may also include an EGE (Exhaust Gas Economizer) 133', wherein the EGE is used in NO X An absorption section 132' is formed between the exhaust gas cooling section 110', allowing the waste heat from the ship engine 10' to exchange heat with the boiler water.

[0167] Then, the absorbent concentration regulating unit 140' regulates the concentration of the absorbent supplied from the absorbent manufacturing unit 120' to the absorbent tower 130' and circulated along the absorbent circulation pipeline A'.

[0168] For example, when the concentration of ammonia circulating along the absorbent circulation pipeline A' is low, the generation of NH42CO3 (as described in [Chemical Formula 6]) decreases and the CO2 discharge increases. When the concentration is high, the production of CaCO3 or MgCO3 increases beyond the required amount due to excessive CO2 absorption. Therefore, the absorbent concentration regulating section 140' should maintain the ammonia concentration to ensure the continuous CO2 absorption performance of the absorption tower 130'.

[0169] Therefore, the absorbent concentration adjustment unit 140' can be designed to mix the high-concentration ammonia water from the absorbent manufacturing unit 120' with the low-concentration ammonia water circulating along the absorbent circulation pipeline A', and adjust the concentration of the ammonia water to 12% according to the mass standard, but it is not limited to this and can be changed according to the usage conditions.

[0170] That is, the absorbent concentration adjustment section 140' Figure 13As shown, it may include: a clean water supply line 141', which supplies clean water; a pH sensor 142', which measures the concentration of ammonia water supplied to the absorption tower 130' as an absorbent; a flow regulating valve 143', which regulates the flow rate of high-concentration ammonia water supplied from the absorbent production section 120' by means of the operation of the ammonia water supply pump 125'; a first mixer 144', which adjusts the concentration of ammonia water by mixing high-concentration ammonia water from the absorbent production section 120' to increase the concentration, or by mixing clean water from the clean water supply line 141' to decrease the concentration, based on the ammonia water concentration based on the pH sensor 142'; and a pressure maintaining valve 145', which prevents NH3 evaporation when mixing by means of the first mixer 144'.

[0171] Inside the first mixer 144', there may be a conduit or structure in various forms that is configured with blades that can cause fluid vortices for smooth mixing. The pressure maintaining valve 145' is formed at the outlet of the first mixer 144' and maintains high pressure during mixing to prevent NH3(g) from being lost due to evaporation from high-concentration ammonia water.

[0172] Then, the ammonia regeneration section 150' can react the ammonium salt aqueous solution discharged from the absorption tower 130' with the divalent metal hydroxide aqueous solution according to [Chemical Formula 7] and [Chemical Formula 8] below. The NH3 is regenerated and returned to the absorption tower 130', whereby it is used again as the CO2 absorbent. This allows CO2 to be stored or discharged in the form of CaCO3(s) or MgCO3(s) carbonates, or, as previously described, supplied to the NO3-O4 absorption tank. X Absorption section 132' utilizes NH3 to absorb NO X .

[0173] [Chemical Formula 7]

[0174] NH4HCO3(aq)+Ca(OH)2→CaCO3(S)+2H2O+NH3(g)

[0175] [Chemical Formula 8]

[0176] NH4HCO3(aq)+Mg(OH)2→MgCO3(S)+2H2O+NH3(g)

[0177] Specifically, the ammonia regeneration section 150' Figure 13As shown, the system may include: a storage tank 151' storing an aqueous solution of divalent metal hydroxide (Ca(OH)2 or Mg(OH)2); a mixing tank 152', which uses a second stirrer to stir the ammonium salt aqueous solution (NH4HCO3(aq)) and the divalent metal hydroxide aqueous solution discharged from the absorption tower 130', generating NH3(g) and carbonate; a filter 153' drawing in the solution and precipitate from the mixing tank 152' and separating the carbonate; and a high-pressure pump 154' transferring the solution and precipitate to the filter under high pressure. 153'; Ammonia storage tank 155', which stores ammonia (or water) separated by means of filter 153' and supplies it to absorbent concentration regulating unit 140'; Ammonia circulation pump 156', which supplies ammonia from ammonia storage tank 155' to absorbent concentration regulating unit 140'; and another storage tank (not shown in the figure), which stores carbonates (CaCO3(s) or MgCO3(s)) separated by means of filter 153' in a slurry state or transfers them to a dryer (not shown in the figure) to a solid state.

[0178] The reaction can be made continuous by means of a second stirrer installed in the mixing tank 152', and the predetermined temperature can be maintained so that the reaction can proceed smoothly.

[0179] In addition, the storage tank 151' is used to react water with metal oxides (CaO or MgO) to generate and store divalent metal hydroxide aqueous solution (Ca(OH)2 or Mg(OH)2), which is then supplied to the mixing tank 152'.

[0180] Therefore, by using only relatively inexpensive metal oxides (CaO or MgO) or aqueous solutions of divalent metal hydroxides (Ca(OH)2 or Mg(OH)2), no additional water is needed, the ammonia concentration does not decrease, the capacity of filter 153' can be reduced, and the cost of NH3 regeneration can be decreased. In other words, theoretically, by consuming only metal oxides and using NH3 and clean water, the cost of CO2 removal can be significantly reduced.

[0181] Additionally, filter 153' draws in solution and precipitate from mixing tank 152', and uses high-pressure pump 154' to transfer the precipitate of NaHCO3 and other byproducts at high pressure, separating carbonates for storage in solid state or discharge overboard. As an example of filter 153', a diaphragm filter suitable for precipitate separation caused by high-pressure solid transfer can be applied.

[0182] In addition, the ammonia circulation pump 156' can be a centrifugal pump type pump, so that a large amount of ammonia water can circulate along the absorbent circulation pipeline A'.

[0183] Then, the steam generation section 160' as Figure 14 As shown, the system comprises an auxiliary boiler 161', a boiler water circulation pump 162', a cascade tank 163', a supply pump 164', and a regulating valve 165', generating and supplying steam required for the ship's heating equipment. The auxiliary boiler 161' receives a mixture of steam and saturated water that has undergone heat exchange by passing through EGE 133'. The steam is separated by a steam drum (not shown) and supplied to the steam consumption point. The boiler water circulation pump 162' circulates boiler water from the auxiliary boiler 161' to EGE 133'. The cascade tank 163' recovers condensate that has undergone phase change after being consumed from the steam consumption point. The supply pump 164' and the regulating valve 165' regulate and supply the amount of boiler water from the cascade tank 163' to the auxiliary boiler 161'.

[0184] In cases where the ship engine 10' is under heavy load, it can receive a large amount of heat from the exhaust gas, and the steam required by the ship can be fully produced through the EGE 133'. However, in cases where this is not the case, the required steam can also be produced by burning fuel in the auxiliary boiler 161' itself.

[0185] Alternatively, a discharge section (not shown in the figure) can be constructed to treat the cleaning water discharged from the absorption tower 130'. For example, the discharge section can consist of a cleaning water tank, a water treatment device, and a mud storage tank. The cleaning water that meets the conditions for discharge outside the ship is discharged after passing through the water treatment device, while solid emissions such as soot that do not meet the conditions for discharge outside the ship are stored separately in the mud storage tank. The cleaning water tank stores the cleaning water discharged from the absorption tower 130', the water treatment device has a filtration unit for adjusting turbidity and a neutralizing agent injection unit for pH adjustment, so that the cleaning water transferred to the cleaning water tank by means of a transfer pump meets the conditions for discharge outside the ship, and the mud storage tank separately stores solid emissions such as soot.

[0186] On the other hand, as a neutralizing agent to meet the conditions for discharge from the ship, NaOH can be used, but in all cases assuming that the substances discharged from the absorption tower 130' are acidic or alkaline, a neutralizing agent that can neutralize these acids or bases can be selected as needed.

[0187] On the other hand, a ship according to another embodiment of the present invention can be provided as a ship equipped with the greenhouse gas emission reduction device mentioned above.

[0188] Therefore, based on the aforementioned configuration of the ship's greenhouse gas emission reduction device, by means of heat exchange, the exhaust gas is cooled using the clean water of the ship's cooling system to prevent the concentration of the absorbent from decreasing. This allows for a reduction in the capacity of the filter's rear end, adjustment of the absorbent concentration, and maintenance of the absorbent concentration to prevent low greenhouse gas absorption performance. A pressurization system is used to prevent absorbent loss due to natural evaporation of high-concentration absorbent. The absorbent is converted into substances that do not harm the environment and separated for discharge, or converted into useful substances for storage to meet IMO greenhouse gas emission limits. Greenhouse gases are stored in the form of carbonates in their natural state, allowing for discharge at sea and minimizing the relatively expensive consumption of NH3 through NH3 regeneration.

[0189] The present invention has been described above with reference to the embodiments illustrated in the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited thereto, and various modifications or other embodiments belonging to the same scope as the present invention can be implemented by those skilled in the art. Therefore, the true scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the claims.

Claims

1. A greenhouse gas emission reduction device for a ship, comprising: Seawater supply department, which supplies seawater; The absorbent manufacturing unit manufactures and supplies CO2 absorbent; An absorption tower having a CO2 removal section, wherein exhaust gas from a ship engine reacts with seawater supplied from a seawater supply section and is cooled, and the cooled exhaust gas reacts with absorbent from an absorbent production section to convert CO2 into an ammonium salt aqueous solution and remove CO2. An absorbent concentration regulating unit adjusts the concentration of the absorbent supplied from the absorbent production unit to the absorption tower; and The ammonia regeneration section reacts the ammonium salt aqueous solution discharged from the absorption tower with a divalent metal hydroxide aqueous solution, regenerating the NH3 and returning it to the absorption tower for reuse as absorbent. The absorbent concentration adjustment unit includes: A clean water supply pipeline, wherein the clean water supply pipeline supplies clean water; A pH sensor measures the concentration of ammonia water supplied to the absorption tower as an absorbent. A flow regulating valve that regulates the flow rate of ammonia water supplied from the absorbent manufacturing unit; A first mixer, based on the ammonia concentration from the absorbent preparation unit, either increases the concentration by mixing ammonia from the absorbent preparation unit or decreases the concentration by mixing clean water from the clean water supply line, according to the ammonia concentration based on the pH sensor; and A pressure maintaining valve that prevents NH3 from evaporating during mixing using the first agitator.

2. The greenhouse gas emission reduction device for ships according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ship's engine uses LNG or low-sulfur oil as fuel.

3. The greenhouse gas emission reduction device for ships according to claim 2, characterized in that, In the case where the ship's engine uses low-sulfur oil as fuel. The absorption tower also includes SO X Absorption section, the SO X The absorption section reacts and cools the exhaust gas from the ship's engine with seawater supplied from the seawater supply section, while simultaneously dissolving and removing SO2. X , The CO2 removal unit removes SO2. X The exhaust gas reacts with and is cooled by the seawater supplied from the seawater supply unit, and the cooled exhaust gas reacts with the absorbent from the absorbent manufacturing unit to convert CO2 into an ammonium salt aqueous solution and remove CO2.

4. The greenhouse gas emission reduction device for ships according to claim 1, characterized in that, The absorption tower also includes NO. x The absorption section, the NO x The absorption section absorbs and removes NO from the exhaust gas emitted from the ship's engine. x , The CO2 removal unit removes NO. x The exhaust gas reacts with and is cooled by the seawater supplied from the seawater supply unit, and the cooled exhaust gas reacts with the absorbent from the absorbent manufacturing unit to convert CO2 into an ammonium salt aqueous solution and remove CO2.

5. The greenhouse gas emission reduction device for ships according to claim 1, characterized in that, The absorption tower is formed by stacking NO in sequence. X Absorption section, SO X The absorption section and the CO2 removal section, wherein the NO X The absorption section absorbs and removes NO from the exhaust gas emitted from the ship's engine. X The SO X The absorption section removes NO. X The exhaust gas reacts with and is cooled by seawater supplied from the seawater supply unit, dissolving and removing SO2. X The CO2 removal unit removes SO2. X The exhaust gas reacts with the absorbent from the absorbent manufacturing unit to convert CO2 into an ammonium salt aqueous solution and remove CO2.

6. The greenhouse gas emission reduction device for ships according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that, The ammonia regeneration section regenerates NH3 and returns it to the absorption tower for reuse as absorbent. The NO X The absorption section absorbs NO using NH3 supplied from the ammonia regeneration section. X Alternatively, use urea solution to absorb NO. X .

7. The greenhouse gas emission reduction device for ships according to claim 3 or 5, characterized in that, The seawater supply unit includes: Seawater pump, which receives seawater from outside the ship via an underwater suction tank and pumps it into the SO2. X Absorbing section; and A seawater regulating valve, which adjusts the supply of seawater from the seawater pump to the SO2 based on the amount of exhaust gas. X The amount of seawater ejected from the absorption section.

8. The greenhouse gas emission reduction device for ships according to claim 1, characterized in that, The absorbent manufacturing unit includes: A clean water tank, wherein the clean water tank stores clean water; A clean water regulating valve supplies clean water from the clean water tank; NH3 repository, which stores NH3; An ammonia tank is used to spray NH3 supplied from the NH3 storage tank into clean water supplied by means of the clean water regulating valve, thereby preparing and storing ammonia water as an absorbent. A pH sensor is used to measure the concentration of ammonia in the ammonia tank; and An ammonia supply pump supplies ammonia from the ammonia tank to the absorbent concentration regulating unit.

9. The greenhouse gas emission reduction device for ships according to claim 3 or 5, characterized in that, The SO X The absorption section includes: A multi-segment seawater jet nozzle, wherein the seawater jet nozzle sprays seawater supplied from the seawater supply unit downwards; and The exhaust gas inlet pipe is in the form of a partition wall or a cut-off plate in the form of an umbrella covering the exhaust gas inlet pipe, so that the cleaning water does not flow back.

10. The greenhouse gas emission reduction device for ships according to claim 9, characterized in that, At the lower part of the seawater jet nozzle, a porous upper plate is formed in multiple sections. The porous upper plate forms a flow path for the exhaust gas to pass through, so that the seawater and the exhaust gas can come into contact.

11. The greenhouse gas emission reduction device for ships according to claim 9, characterized in that, At the lower part of the seawater jet nozzle, an absorption device filled with a material that allows seawater to contact the exhaust gas is formed, thereby dissolving SO₂ in the seawater. X .

12. The greenhouse gas emission reduction device for ships according to claim 1, characterized in that, The CO2 removal unit includes: An ammonia injection nozzle that sprays ammonia water supplied from the absorbent concentration regulating unit downwards; A filling material that allows CO2 to come into contact with ammonia water, which serves as the absorbent, thereby converting CO2 into NH4HCO3(aq). A cooling sleeve is formed in multiple sections in each section of the absorption device filled with the filling material to cool the heat generated by the CO2 removal reaction; A water sprayer that captures NH3 that is released to the outside without reacting with CO2; The demister plate is formed in a tortuous multi-plate shape, which causes the ammonia water to return towards the filling material; A partition wall, wherein the partition wall is formed to prevent backflow of ammonia; and A cutting plate, which is in the form of an umbrella covering the exhaust gas inlet surrounded by the partition wall.

13. The greenhouse gas emission reduction device for ships according to claim 12, characterized in that, The packing material consists of multi-segment distillation column packing designed to increase the contact area per unit volume. A solution redistributor is formed between the packing material of the distillation column.

14. The greenhouse gas emission reduction device for ships according to claim 5, characterized in that, The absorption tower also includes EGE, which is present in the NO... X The absorption section and the SO X The absorption sections are formed between each other, allowing the waste heat from the ship's engine to exchange heat with the boiler water.

15. The greenhouse gas emission reduction device for ships according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ammonia regeneration unit includes: Storage tank, wherein the storage tank stores the aqueous solution of the divalent metal hydroxide; A mixing tank is used by means of a second agitator to stir the ammonium salt aqueous solution and the divalent metal hydroxide aqueous solution discharged from the absorption tower to generate NH3(g) and carbonate; A filter that draws in solution and precipitate from the mixing tank and separates carbonates; A high-pressure pump, which transfers the solution and precipitate to the filter; and An ammonia storage tank stores ammonia or clean water separated by the filter and supplies it to the absorbent concentration regulating unit.

16. The greenhouse gas emission reduction device for ships according to claim 15, characterized in that, The divalent metal hydroxide aqueous solution stored in the storage tank is Ca(OH)2 or Mg(OH)2 generated by reacting water with CaO or MgO.

17. The greenhouse gas emission reduction device for ships according to claim 1, characterized in that, The greenhouse gas emission reduction devices on ships also include: The discharge section comprises a cleaning water tank, a water treatment device, and a mud storage tank. The cleaning water tank stores the cleaning water discharged from the absorption tower. The water treatment device includes a turbidity-adjusting filtration unit and a pH-adjusting neutralizing agent injection unit so that the cleaning water transferred to the cleaning water tank by means of a transfer pump meets the shipboard discharge conditions. The mud storage tank separately stores solid discharge materials.

18. A ship equipped with a greenhouse gas emission reduction device as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5.

19. A greenhouse gas emission reduction device for a ship, comprising: An exhaust gas cooling unit that cools the exhaust gas emitted from the ship's engine; An absorbent manufacturing unit that prepares and supplies CO2 absorbent; An absorption tower having a CO2 removal section, wherein the CO2 removal section reacts waste gas cooled by means of the waste gas cooling section with absorbent from the absorbent manufacturing section to convert CO2 into an ammonium salt aqueous solution and remove CO2. An absorbent concentration regulating unit adjusts the concentration of the absorbent supplied from the absorbent manufacturing unit to the absorption tower; and The ammonia regeneration section reacts the ammonium salt aqueous solution discharged from the absorption tower with a divalent metal hydroxide aqueous solution, regenerating the NH3 and returning it to the absorption tower for reuse as absorbent. The absorbent concentration adjustment unit includes: A clean water supply pipeline, wherein the clean water supply pipeline supplies clean water; A pH sensor measures the concentration of ammonia water supplied to the absorption tower as an absorbent. A flow regulating valve that regulates the flow rate of ammonia water supplied from the absorbent manufacturing unit; A first mixer, based on the ammonia concentration from the absorbent preparation unit, either increases the concentration by mixing ammonia from the absorbent preparation unit or decreases the concentration by mixing clean water from the clean water supply line, according to the ammonia concentration based on the pH sensor; and A pressure maintaining valve that prevents NH3 from evaporating during mixing using the first agitator.

20. The greenhouse gas emission reduction device for ships according to claim 19, characterized in that, The ship's engine uses LNG or low-sulfur oil as fuel.

21. The greenhouse gas emission reduction device for ships according to claim 19, characterized in that, The exhaust gas cooling section utilizes heat exchange piping surrounding the exhaust gas discharge pipe to circulate clean water supplied from the ship's internal cooling system, cooling the exhaust gas to a temperature of 27°C to 33°C.

22. The greenhouse gas emission reduction device for ships according to claim 19, characterized in that, The absorption tower also includes NO. x The absorption section, the NO x The absorption section absorbs and removes NO from the exhaust gas emitted from the ship's engine. x , The CO2 removal unit removes the NO. x The exhaust gas, cooled by the exhaust gas cooling section, reacts with the absorbent from the absorbent manufacturing section to convert CO2 into an ammonium salt aqueous solution and remove CO2.

23. The greenhouse gas emission reduction device for ships according to claim 22, characterized in that, The ammonia regeneration section regenerates NH3 and returns it to the absorption tower for reuse as absorbent. The NO X The absorption section absorbs NO using NH3 supplied from the ammonia regeneration section. X Alternatively, use urea solution to absorb NO. X .

24. The greenhouse gas emission reduction device for ships according to claim 19, characterized in that, The absorbent manufacturing unit includes: A clean water tank, wherein the clean water tank stores clean water; A clean water regulating valve supplies clean water from the clean water tank; NH3 repository, which stores NH3; An ammonia tank is used to spray NH3 supplied from the NH3 storage tank into clean water supplied by means of the clean water regulating valve, thereby preparing and storing ammonia water as an absorbent. A pH sensor is used to measure the concentration of ammonia in the ammonia tank; and An ammonia supply pump supplies ammonia from the ammonia tank to the absorbent concentration regulating unit.

25. The greenhouse gas emission reduction device for ships according to claim 24, characterized in that, Compressed air at a predetermined pressure is injected into the ammonia tank to prevent the evaporation and loss of NH3.

26. The greenhouse gas emission reduction device for ships according to claim 19, characterized in that, The CO2 removal unit includes: An ammonia injection nozzle that sprays ammonia water supplied from the absorbent concentration regulating unit downwards; A filling material that allows CO2 to come into contact with ammonia water, which serves as the absorbent, thereby converting CO2 into NH4HCO3(aq). A cooling sleeve is formed in multiple sections in each section of the absorption device filled with the filling material to cool the heat generated by the CO2 removal reaction; A water sprayer that captures NH3 that is released to the outside without reacting with CO2; The demister plate is formed in a tortuous multi-plate shape, which causes the ammonia water to return towards the filling material; A partition wall, wherein the partition wall is formed to prevent backflow of ammonia; and A cutting plate, which is in the form of an umbrella covering the exhaust gas inlet surrounded by the partition wall.

27. The greenhouse gas emission reduction device for ships according to claim 26, characterized in that, The packing material consists of multi-segment distillation column packing designed to increase the contact area per unit volume. A solution redistributor is formed between the packing material of the distillation column.

28. The greenhouse gas emission reduction device for ships according to claim 22, characterized in that, The absorption tower also includes: EGE, the EGE in the NO X An absorption section is formed between the exhaust gas cooling section and the exhaust gas cooling section, allowing the waste heat from the ship engine to exchange heat with the boiler water.

29. The greenhouse gas emission reduction device for ships according to claim 19, characterized in that, The ammonia regeneration unit includes: Storage tank, wherein the storage tank stores the aqueous solution of the divalent metal hydroxide; A mixing tank is used by means of a second agitator to stir the ammonium salt aqueous solution and the divalent metal hydroxide aqueous solution discharged from the absorption tower to generate NH3(g) and carbonate; A filter that draws in solution and precipitate from the mixing tank and separates carbonates; A high-pressure pump, which transfers the solution and precipitate to the filter; and An ammonia storage tank stores ammonia or clean water separated by the filter and supplies it to the absorbent concentration regulating unit.

30. The greenhouse gas emission reduction device for ships according to claim 29, characterized in that, The divalent metal hydroxide aqueous solution stored in the storage tank is Ca(OH)2 or Mg(OH)2 generated by reacting water with CaO or MgO.

31. The greenhouse gas emission reduction device for ships according to claim 19, characterized in that, It also includes a discharge section, which consists of a cleaning water tank, a water treatment device, and a mud storage tank. The cleaning water tank stores the cleaning water discharged from the absorption tower. The water treatment device has a turbidity-adjusting filtration unit and a neutralizing agent injection unit for pH adjustment, so that the cleaning water transferred to the cleaning water tank by means of a transfer pump meets the conditions for discharge off-board. The mud storage tank separately stores solid discharge materials.

32. A ship equipped with a greenhouse gas emission reduction device for a ship as described in any one of claims 19 to 31.

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