A bevel gear grinding machining method based on P65 gear tooth profile modeling

Abstract

This invention discloses a bevel gear grinding method based on P65 gear profile modeling. The processing steps are as follows: initial gear grinding and adjustment, repeated P65 inspection and re-grinding and adjustment, repeated rolling inspection and re-grinding and adjustment, gear grinding, P65 standard part modeling, determination of grinding standards, and finally, mass production based on the grinding standards. Compared with the prior art, the advantages of this invention are that the reverse grinding process—initial gear grinding and adjustment, repeated P65 inspection and re-grinding and adjustment, repeated rolling inspection and re-grinding and adjustment, and re-grinding and adjustment—determines the subsequent standard part modeling and the grinding standards required for mass production. The reverse grinding process improves the stability of gear grinding quality, and only a few reverse grinding steps are needed to achieve subsequent mass production, thus improving grinding efficiency.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the bevel gear machining technical field, and relates to bevel gear grinding machining, in particular to a bevel gear grinding machining method based on P65 machine tooth profile modeling. BACKGROUND

[0002] The bevel gear is also called bevel gear, which is widely used in industrial transmission equipment, vehicle differential, locomotive, ship, power plant, steel plant, railway track detection, etc. In actual production, the bevel gear is usually processed by milling and then ground to meet the requirements of structure and performance, so as to achieve stable quality and low noise during meshing.

[0003] In the traditional bevel gear grinding correction, the bevel gear is ground according to the grinding adjustment parameters, and then the pairing inspection is performed by the rolling inspection machine. According to the inspection results and experience, the active wheel grinding parameters are adjusted manually to correct the tooth surface, so as to meet the process requirements of the contact area and noise. Usually, multiple corrections are needed for each grinding adjustment, which leads to low grinding adjustment efficiency. Moreover, the final result is to perform pairing inspection by the rolling inspection machine and visually inspect the contact area, which is easy to cause deviation between batches and leads to unstable grinding quality.

[0004] In addition, the P65 machine mentioned in the present application is a high-precision gear detection device, which can detect gear precision and tooth profile error, and can feed back the tooth profile error to the grinding machine for tooth profile correction of the bevel gear. SUMMARY

[0005] The present application aims at the problems of low grinding efficiency and unstable grinding quality of the traditional grinding. The technical problem to be solved by the present application is to provide a bevel gear grinding machining method based on P65 machine tooth profile modeling, which realizes mass production, improves grinding efficiency and grinding quality stability by determining the grinding standard through reverse grinding correction.

[0006] The technical scheme adopted by the present application to solve the above technical problems is as follows: a bevel gear grinding machining method based on P65 machine tooth profile modeling, comprising a grinding machine, a P65 machine, a rolling inspection machine and a gear grinding machine, and the bevel gear to be ground is processed as follows,

[0007] Step one: calculate the grinding adjustment card and input it into the grinding machine, and the grinding machine performs initial grinding adjustment of the bevel gear;

[0008] Step two: calculate the detection card and input it into the P65 machine, and the P65 machine detects the bevel gear and compares it with the detection card to obtain the tooth profile error;

[0009] Step three: feed back the tooth profile error to the grinding machine, and the grinding machine performs re-grinding adjustment of the bevel gear. Repeat the P65 machine detection, comparison and grinding machine grinding adjustment until the tooth profile error is within the required range.

[0010] Step 4: The bevel gear is rolled on a rolling inspection machine to check the contact area and noise.

[0011] Step 5: Based on the inspection results of the rolling inspection machine, fine-tune the grinding parameters and perform grinding adjustments on the grinding machine. Repeat the rolling inspection machine inspection and grinding adjustments until the contact area and noise reach the ideal state.

[0012] Step Six: Grinding the bevel gears using a gear grinding machine;

[0013] Step 7: The bevel gear after grinding is a standard part. The P65 machine is used to model the tooth profile of the standard part to determine the final theoretical tooth shape;

[0014] Step 8: Determine the tooth profile error standard for gear grinding, and establish the standard for tooth surface grid, helix angle deviation and pressure angle deviation based on the tooth profile morphology of the standard part;

[0015] Step 9: According to the standard requirements in Step 8, adjust the gear grinding machine to perform gear grinding on the bevel gears to achieve batch gear grinding.

[0016] A further preferred embodiment of the present invention is: the bevel gear to be ground is formed by a gear milling machine, the gear milling machine has a gear milling machine card, and the gear milling machine card is obtained based on the drawing parameters of the bevel gear.

[0017] A further preferred embodiment of the present invention is that the parameters of the milling machining card are the drawing parameters plus the machining allowance, and the machining allowance ranges from 0.15mm to 0.3mm.

[0018] A further preferred embodiment of the present invention is: the gear grinding adjustment card is calculated based on the parameters of the gear milling machining card and the drawing parameters, and the gear grinding adjustment card is the adjustment parameter of the gear grinding machine.

[0019] A further preferred embodiment of the present invention is that the detection card is based on the theoretical tooth profile calculated from the drawing parameters.

[0020] A further preferred embodiment of the present invention is as follows: In step four, during the rolling inspection, the rolling inspection machine is equipped with rolling gears and a decibel meter. The tooth surface of the rolling gears is coated with an oily adhesive. The rolling gears mesh with the bevel gears. The bevel gears contact and adhere the oily adhesive on the tooth surface of the rolling gears. The part of the rolling gears on which the oily adhesive is adhered is the contact area. The decibel meter detects the noise emitted when the rolling gears mesh with the bevel gears.

[0021] A further preferred embodiment of the present invention is that when the decibel meter detects noise, the noise level is limited to less than 72 decibels.

[0022] A further preferred embodiment of the present invention is: the oily viscous substance is made by mixing colored powder with oil. When the rolling gear and the bevel gear mesh, the part that comes into contact after rolling will squeeze the color apart, and the part where the color is squeezed apart is the contact area.

[0023] A further preferred embodiment of the present invention is as follows: the P65 machine is equipped with a probe, and both steps two and seven are performed by the probe. In step seven, the P65 machine uses the probe to plan and detect 45 points on the bevel gear tooth surface to form the tooth surface grid.

[0024] A further preferred embodiment of the present invention is: defining a dimension of the bevel gear as a±b, then step seven is equivalent to determining the basic dimension a, and step eight is equivalent to determining the tolerance requirement ±b.

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are that by performing initial gear grinding and debugging, repeated P65 testing and gear grinding and debugging, repeated rolling inspection and three gear grinding and debugging and reverse gear grinding, the subsequent standard part modeling and the gear grinding standard required for mass production can be determined. The reverse gear grinding process can improve the stability of gear grinding quality. Only a few reverse gear grinding steps are needed to achieve subsequent mass production and improve gear grinding efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0026] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments. However, those skilled in the art will understand that these drawings are drawn only for the purpose of explaining the preferred embodiments and therefore should not be regarded as a limitation on the scope of the present invention. In addition, unless specifically indicated, the drawings are only schematic representations of the composition or structure of the described objects and may contain exaggerated displays, and the drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale.

[0027] Figure 1 This is a process flow diagram of the processing method of a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the contact area of ​​the convex surface on the gear in a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the concave contact area on the upper surface of the gear in a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the tooth surface mesh of the concave and convex surfaces of a bevel gear according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

[0031] In the diagram: 1. Roller gears; 2. Oily residue; 3. Contact area. Detailed Implementation

[0032] Preferred embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that these descriptions are merely descriptive and exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0033] It should be noted that similar labels in the following figures indicate similar items; therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it may not be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.

[0034] This embodiment mainly describes a bevel gear grinding method based on P65 machine tooth profile modeling, which achieves mass production, improves grinding efficiency, and stabilizes grinding quality by determining grinding standards through reverse grinding correction. The details are as follows:

[0035] like Figures 1-4 As shown, a bevel gear grinding method based on P65 machine tooth profile modeling is described. The equipment used in the process includes a gear grinding machine, a P65 machine, a rolling inspection machine, and a gear grinding machine. Before the bevel gear is ground, it is shaped by a gear milling machine. During the gear milling process, processing parameters need to be input, and the input processing parameters form a gear milling processing card. The gear milling processing card is obtained based on the drawing parameters of the bevel gear.

[0036] To avoid over-processing during gear milling, which could result in smaller dimensions after bevel gear forming and thus scrap the bevel gear, the parameters of the gear milling card are the drawing parameters plus the machining allowance. The machining allowance ranges from 0.15mm to 0.3mm. Preferably, the machining allowance is added to the positive tolerance value of the dimension.

[0037] In this embodiment, the specific processing steps for the bevel gear to be ground are as follows (within the dashed box).

[0038] Step 1 (Initial Gear Grinding and Adjustment): The gear grinding adjustment card is calculated based on the parameters of the milling gear machining card and the drawing parameters. The gear grinding adjustment card is input into the gear grinding machine. The gear grinding adjustment card serves as the machining parameter for the gear grinding machine to perform the initial gear grinding and adjustment of the bevel gear. The gear grinding machine performs the initial gear grinding and adjustment of the bevel gear according to the parameters of the gear grinding adjustment card.

[0039] Step 2 (P65 Inspection): The inspection card is calculated based on the theoretical tooth profile obtained from the drawing parameters. The inspection card is input into the P65 machine. The P65 machine is equipped with a probe. The probe contacts the tooth surface of the bevel gear to perform the inspection, forming the actual tooth profile. The actual tooth profile is then compared with the theoretical tooth profile on the inspection card to obtain the tooth profile error data.

[0040] In this embodiment, one tooth surface of the actual tooth profile is formed by planning and detecting 45 points on the bevel gear tooth surface using the probe of the P65 machine.

[0041] In actual production operations, the calculations of the gear grinding adjustment card and the detection card can be performed and obtained simultaneously. However, in this embodiment, the calculations of the two are explained separately because the gear grinding machine and the P65 machine are used in different orders.

[0042] Step 3 The tooth profile error data is fed back to the gear grinding machine. The gear grinding machine then re-grinds and adjusts the bevel gear based on the tooth profile error data. This process of testing, comparing, and grinding on the P65 machine is repeated until the tooth profile error is within the required range.

[0043] Step 4 (Roll Check): For example... Figures 2-3 As shown, the rolling inspection machine is equipped with a pair of rolling gears 1 and a decibel meter. An oil-containing adhesive 2 is applied to the tooth surface of the pair of rolling gears 1. The oil-containing adhesive 2 is made of colored powder mixed with oil. The bevel gear and the pair of rolling gears 1 are meshed and rotated relative to each other. The bevel gear contacts and squeezes away the oil-containing adhesive 2 on the tooth surface of the pair of rolling gears 1. A contact area 3 is formed on the tooth surface of the pair of rolling gears 1 where the oil-containing adhesive 2 has been squeezed away. The distribution position and size of the contact area 3 are observed to judge the grinding quality of the bevel gear. The noise during meshing of the pair of rolling gears 1 and the bevel gear is detected by the decibel meter.

[0044] Step 5 Based on the inspection results of the rolling inspection machine on contact area 3 and noise, fine-tune the grinding adjustment parameters and perform grinding machine debugging. Repeat the rolling inspection machine inspection and grinding machine debugging until contact area 3 and noise reach the ideal state. Preferably, the three grinding debugging does not mean performing grinding debugging three times or a third grinding debugging, but rather means the order of first, second, and third, which is different from the grinding debugging in the previous steps one and three.

[0045] Preferably, the contact area 3 is not necessarily better the larger it is. The contact area 3 should be distributed within a suitable range on the tooth surface. The more suitable the distribution range of the contact area 3, the higher the bearing capacity during bevel gear meshing, and the less likely the bevel gear teeth are to be damaged. If the contact area 3 is not good, that is, when it is distributed at the edge of the tooth, it is easy to cause problems such as tooth chipping or breakage. At the same time, the noise generated during bevel gear meshing should be as low as possible, and the noise should be limited to less than 72 decibels. The noise limit range is different for bevel gears in different application scenarios.

[0046] Step Six (Gear Grinding): The bevel gear is ground using a gear grinding machine. The gear grinding machine performs rolling grinding according to the installation requirements on the bevel gear drawings (not shown in the bevel gear drawing instructions). The purpose of gear grinding is to further reduce the noise of the bevel gear and achieve the ideal state of lower noise when the bevel gear meshes.

[0047] Step 7 (P65 Standard Part Modeling): The bevel gear that has reached the ideal state after grinding is identified as the standard part. The P65 machine uses a probe to contact the tooth surface of the standard part to model the tooth profile and determine the final theoretical tooth shape. That is, when a dimension of the bevel gear is defined as a±b, this step is equivalent to determining the basic dimension a.

[0048] Step 8 (Determining Grinding Standards): Using the probe of the P65 machine, 45 points are planned and inspected on the tooth surface of the standard part, and standards for tooth surface grid, helix angle deviation, and pressure angle deviation are established. Among them, the tooth surface grid is the direct error value of the corresponding point on the tooth surface, the pressure angle error refers to the error of the tooth surface in the height direction, and the helix angle error refers to the error of the tooth surface in the tooth length direction. In this embodiment, the tooth surface grid, helix angle deviation, and pressure angle deviation are all established based on the tooth profile morphology of the standard part, and this step is equivalent to determining the tolerance requirement ±b in dimension a (±b).

[0049] Preferably, the tooth surface grid error is ±5μm, the pressure angle error is ≤0.01, and the helix angle error is ≤0.01.

[0050] Because the bevel gear described in this embodiment is an arc-tooth bevel gear, which has obvious concave and convex surfaces, therefore in Figure 4 The tooth surface mesh created in P65 shown in the figure has concave and convex surfaces respectively.

[0051] Step Nine (Mass Production): According to the standard requirements in Step Eight, adjust the gear grinding machine to perform gear grinding on the bevel gears, and realize the batch gear grinding of bevel gears on the gear grinding machine.

[0052] The processing method of this application achieves reverse gear grinding of bevel gears by first grinding and debugging, repeated P65 inspection and grinding and debugging, repeated rolling inspection and grinding and debugging three times, and grinding, so as to determine the standard part modeling in step seven and the grinding standard required for mass production. The reverse gear grinding process can improve the stability of grinding quality. Only a few reverse gear grinding steps are needed to achieve subsequent mass production and improve grinding efficiency.

[0053] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship in which the product of this invention is usually placed when in use. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limiting this invention.

[0054] The above provides a detailed description of a bevel gear grinding method based on P65 machine tooth profile modeling provided by the present invention. Specific examples have been used to illustrate the principle and implementation of the present invention. The above description of the embodiments is only for the purpose of helping to understand the present invention and its core ideas. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made to the present invention without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for grinding bevel gears based on tooth profile modeling using a P65 grinding machine, comprising a gear grinding machine, a P65 grinding machine, a rolling inspection machine, and a gear lapping machine, characterized in that, The specific machining process for the bevel gear to be ground is as follows. Step 1: Calculate the gear grinding adjustment card and input it into the gear grinding machine. The gear grinding machine will then perform the initial gear grinding adjustment on the bevel gear. Step 2: The test card is calculated and input into the P65 machine. The P65 machine tests the bevel gear and compares it with the test card to obtain the tooth profile error. Step 3: Feedback the tooth profile error to the gear grinding machine. The gear grinding machine will then perform a second grinding and adjustment of the bevel gear. Repeat the P65 machine inspection, comparison, and gear grinding and adjustment until the tooth profile error is within the required range. Step 4: The bevel gear is rolled on a rolling inspection machine to check the contact area and noise. Step 5: Based on the inspection results of the rolling inspection machine, fine-tune the grinding parameters and perform grinding adjustments on the grinding machine. Repeat the rolling inspection machine inspection and grinding adjustments until the contact area and noise reach the ideal state. Step Six: Grinding the bevel gears using a gear grinding machine; Step 7: The bevel gear after grinding is a standard part. The P65 machine is used to model the tooth profile of the standard part to determine the final theoretical tooth shape; Step 8: Determine the tooth profile error standard for gear grinding, and establish the standard for tooth surface grid, helix angle deviation and pressure angle deviation based on the tooth profile morphology of the standard part; Step 9: According to the standard requirements in Step 8, adjust the gear grinding machine to perform gear grinding on the bevel gears to achieve batch gear grinding. The P65 machine is equipped with a probe. Both steps two and seven involve detection using the probe. In step seven, the P65 machine uses the probe to plan and detect 45 points on the bevel gear tooth surface to form the tooth surface grid.

2. The bevel gear grinding method based on P65 machine tooth profile modeling according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bevel gear to be ground is formed by a gear milling machine. The gear milling machine is equipped with a gear milling machine, which is based on the drawing parameters of the bevel gear.

3. The bevel gear grinding method based on P65 machine tooth profile modeling according to claim 2, characterized in that, The parameters of the milling machining card are the drawing parameters plus the machining allowance, which ranges from 0.15mm to 0.3mm.

4. The bevel gear grinding method based on P65 machine tooth profile modeling according to claim 3, characterized in that, The gear grinding adjustment card is calculated based on the parameters of the gear milling machining card and the drawing parameters. The gear grinding adjustment card is the adjustment parameter of the gear grinding machine.

5. The bevel gear grinding method based on P65 machine tooth profile modeling according to claim 1, characterized in that, The test card is based on the theoretical tooth profile calculated from the parameters in the drawing.

6. The bevel gear grinding method based on P65 machine tooth profile modeling according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step four, during the rolling inspection, the rolling inspection machine is equipped with rolling gears and a decibel meter. The tooth surfaces of the rolling gears are coated with an oily adhesive. The rolling gears mesh with the bevel gears, and the bevel gears contact and adhere to the oily adhesive on the tooth surfaces of the rolling gears. The part of the rolling gears where the oily adhesive is adhered is the contact area. The decibel meter detects the noise emitted when the rolling gears mesh with the bevel gears.

7. The bevel gear grinding method based on P65 machine tooth profile modeling according to claim 6, characterized in that, When the decibel meter detects noise, the noise level is limited to less than 72 decibels.

8. The bevel gear grinding method based on P65 machine tooth profile modeling according to claim 6, characterized in that, The oily viscous substance is made by mixing colored powder with oil. When the rolling gear and the bevel gear mesh, the part that comes into contact after rolling will push the color apart, and the part where the color is pushed apart is the contact area.

9. A bevel gear grinding method based on P65 machine tooth profile modeling according to claim 2 or 5, characterized in that, If one dimension of the bevel gear is defined as a±b, then step seven is equivalent to determining the basic dimension a, and step eight is equivalent to determining the tolerance requirement ±b.

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