Gray glass compositions and vehicle glazing

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of gray glass composition and car window glass.The above-mentioned gray glass composition includes base component and coloring component, and the mass percentage of coloring component in gray glass composition is as follows: total iron Fe2O3 0.5%~1.5%, selenium Se 10ppm~50ppm, chromium oxide Cr2O3 100ppm~500ppm, cobalt oxide CoO 50ppm~300ppm, manganese oxide MnO2 10ppm~150ppm and tin oxide SnO2 10ppm~100ppm.The above-mentioned gray glass composition has the comprehensive performance of low visible light transmittance, low infrared transmittance, low ultraviolet transmittance, low solar direct transmittance, and also has the neutral gray tone that satisfies visual comfort, also has great economic advantage.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of glass, and in particular to a gray glass composition and a vehicle window glass comprising a glass plate prepared from the gray glass composition. Background Technology

[0002] With increasing demands for heat insulation, UV protection, and personal privacy, vehicles are increasingly equipped with body-tinted glass, such as grey and green glass. When using grey glass, in addition to considering its optical properties, such as visible light transmittance, infrared transmittance, and ultraviolet transmittance, its hue and appearance must also be taken into account. The glass's composition, the selection and proportion of colorants all affect its optical properties and hue. However, traditional grey glass struggles to simultaneously achieve low visible light transmittance, low ultraviolet transmittance, low direct solar transmittance, and low infrared transmittance, and its manufacturing cost is high, while also making it difficult to achieve a visually comfortable grey hue. Summary of the Invention

[0003] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a gray glass composition with low visible light transmittance, low ultraviolet transmittance, low direct solar transmittance and low infrared transmittance, as well as an economically advantageous gray tone that provides visual comfort.

[0004] In addition, it is necessary to provide a vehicle window glass comprising at least one glass plate prepared from the gray glass composition.

[0005] This invention provides a gray glass composition comprising a base component and a coloring component, wherein the coloring component comprises the following mass percentage in the gray glass composition:

[0006]

[0007]

[0008] In some embodiments, the mass percentage of tin oxide (SnO2) in the gray glass composition is 12 ppm to 60 ppm.

[0009] Optionally, the mass percentage of the tin oxide (SnO2) is 15 ppm to 40 ppm.

[0010] In some embodiments, the manganese oxide (MnO2) in the gray glass composition is 20 ppm to 80 ppm by mass.

[0011] Optionally, the mass percentage of the manganese oxide (MnO2) is 25 ppm to 65 ppm.

[0012] In some of these embodiments, the redox ratio is 0.2 to 0.3.

[0013] In some embodiments, the coloring component satisfies at least one of the following conditions:

[0014] (1) The mass ratio of cobalt oxide (CoO) to selenium (Se) is (2-20):1;

[0015] (2) The mass ratio of chromium oxide Cr2O3 to selenium Se is (5-50):1;

[0016] (3) The mass ratio of total iron Fe2O3 to chromium oxide Cr2O3 is (30-150):1;

[0017] (4) The total mass ratio of the total iron Fe2O3, the chromium oxide Cr2O3 and the cobalt oxide CoO to the mass ratio of the selenium Se is (250-600):1;

[0018] (5) The mass ratio of manganese oxide (MnO2) to tin oxide (SnO2) is (1-3):1;

[0019] (6) The ratio of the total mass of Fe2O3 to the total mass of SnO2 oxide and MnO2 oxide is (100-400):1.

[0020] In some embodiments, the coloring component satisfies at least one of the following conditions:

[0021] (1) The mass ratio of cobalt oxide (CoO) to selenium (Se) is (4-10):1;

[0022] (2) The mass ratio of chromium oxide Cr2O3 to selenium Se is (7-20):1;

[0023] (3) The mass ratio of total iron Fe2O3 to chromium oxide Cr2O3 is (32-60):1;

[0024] (4) The total mass ratio of the total iron Fe2O3, the chromium oxide Cr2O3 and the cobalt oxide CoO to the mass ratio of the selenium Se is (280-500):1;

[0025] (5) The mass ratio of manganese oxide (MnO2) to tin oxide (SnO2) is (1.2–2.8):1;

[0026] (6) The ratio of the total mass of Fe2O3 to the total mass of SnO2 oxide and MnO2 oxide is (120-300):1.

[0027] In some embodiments, the coloring component satisfies at least one of the following conditions:

[0028] (1) The mass ratio of cobalt oxide (CoO) to selenium (Se) is (5-8):1;

[0029] (2) The mass ratio of chromium oxide Cr2O3 to selenium Se is (8-15):1;

[0030] (3) The mass ratio of total iron Fe2O3 to chromium oxide Cr2O3 is (35-45):1;

[0031] (4) The total mass ratio of the total iron Fe2O3, the chromium oxide Cr2O3 and the cobalt oxide CoO to the mass ratio of the selenium Se is (300-450):1;

[0032] (5) The mass ratio of manganese oxide (MnO2) to tin oxide (SnO2) is (1.2–2.5):1;

[0033] (6) The ratio of the total mass of Fe2O3 to the total mass of SnO2 oxide and MnO2 oxide is (125-250):1.

[0034] In some embodiments, with a glass thickness of 4 mm as a reference, the glass has an RGB color mode: R value of 25-60, G value of 25-60, and B value of 25-60.

[0035] In some embodiments, based on a glass thickness of 4 mm, the RGB color mode of the glass satisfies at least one of the following conditions:

[0036] (1) R value is 30-50, G value is 30-55, B value is 30-50;

[0037] (2) R:G=1: (1.0~1.2), R:B=1: (0.8~1.0), G:B=1: (0.8~1.0).

[0038] In some embodiments, based on a glass thickness of 4 mm, the RGB color mode of the glass satisfies at least one of the following conditions:

[0039] (1) R value is 33-45, G value is 35-50, B value is 30-45;

[0040] (2) R:G=1: (1.01~1.15), R:B=1: (0.85~0.98), G:B=1: (0.85~0.95).

[0041] In some embodiments, based on a glass thickness of 4 mm, the transmittance is less than 20% for direct solar energy, less than 20% for infrared radiation, less than 8% for ultraviolet radiation, and less than 20% for visible light.

[0042] In some embodiments, based on a glass thickness of 4 mm, the glass has a direct solar transmittance of 10% to 18%, an infrared transmittance of 10% to 16%, an ultraviolet transmittance of 1% to 5%, and a visible light transmittance of 12% to 19%.

[0043] In some embodiments, the coloring component is expressed in the following mass percentages in the gray glass composition:

[0044]

[0045]

[0046] In some embodiments, the coloring component is expressed in the following mass percentages in the gray glass composition:

[0047]

[0048] In some embodiments, the coloring component does not contain titanium dioxide (TiO2) or cerium oxide (CeO2).

[0049] In some embodiments, the mass percentages of total iron (Fe2O3), selenium (Se), chromium oxide (Cr2O3), cobalt oxide (CoO), manganese oxide (MnO2), and tin oxide (SnO2) satisfy the following: total iron (Fe2O3) + 10*(selenium (Se) + chromium oxide (Cr2O3) + cobalt oxide (CoO) + manganese oxide (MnO2) + tin oxide (SnO2) = 1.0% to 2.0%.

[0050] The present invention also provides a vehicle window glass, the vehicle window glass comprising at least one glass plate prepared from the above-mentioned gray glass composition, the thickness of the glass plate being 0.7mm to 5mm, and the vehicle window glass being a sunroof glass, a side window glass, or a triangular window glass.

[0051] In some embodiments, the gray glass composition is prepared into a glass plate by a float glass process, wherein the temperature of the gray glass composition being melted into molten glass in the float glass process is controlled sequentially as follows: the temperature of the first heating section is 1420℃~1460℃, the temperature of the second heating section is 1555℃~1585℃, and the temperature of the third heating section is 1500℃~1530℃.

[0052] The gray glass composition and vehicle window glass provided by the present invention have at least the following beneficial effects:

[0053] The gray glass composition and vehicle window glass provided by this invention have comprehensive properties of low visible light transmittance, low infrared transmittance, low ultraviolet transmittance, and low direct solar transmittance. They can effectively block ultraviolet rays from penetrating to avoid damage to items and people inside the vehicle. They can also achieve good heat insulation and privacy protection, and have a neutral gray tone that meets visual comfort requirements. They also have great economic advantages. Detailed Implementation

[0054] To facilitate understanding of the present invention, a more comprehensive description of the invention will be provided below in conjunction with specific embodiments. Preferred embodiments of the invention are given in the specific embodiments. However, the present invention can be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided to provide a thorough and complete understanding of the disclosure of the present invention.

[0055] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains. The terminology used herein in the description of the invention is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention.

[0056] Unless otherwise stated or in case of contradiction, the terms or phrases used in this invention shall have the following meanings:

[0057] The term "and / or" as used in this invention includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0058] In this invention, terms such as "first," "second," etc., are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined with terms such as "first," "second," etc., may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of those features.

[0059] In this invention, "at least one" refers to any one, any two, or any two or more of the listed items.

[0060] In this invention, unless otherwise specified, all percentage concentrations refer to the final concentration. The final concentration refers to the proportion of the added component in the system after the addition of that component.

[0061] The terms "preferred," "more preferably," etc., used in this invention refer to embodiments of the invention that provide certain beneficial effects under certain circumstances. However, other embodiments may also be preferred under the same or other circumstances. Furthermore, the description of one or more preferred embodiments does not imply that other embodiments are unavailable, nor is it intended to exclude other embodiments from the scope of this invention.

[0062] When a numerical range is disclosed in this invention, the range is considered continuous and includes the minimum and maximum values ​​of the range, as well as every value between the minimum and maximum values. Further, when the range refers to an integer, it includes every integer between the minimum and maximum values ​​of the range. Moreover, when multiple ranges are provided to describe a feature or characteristic, the ranges may be combined. In other words, unless otherwise specified, all ranges disclosed in this invention should be understood to include any and all subranges to which they are incorporated.

[0063] A first aspect of the present invention provides a gray glass composition according to an embodiment, comprising a base component and a coloring component, wherein the mass percentage of the coloring component in the gray glass composition is as follows:

[0064]

[0065] Specifically, the mass percentage of total iron (Fe2O3) in the gray glass composition can be, but is not limited to, 0.5%, 0.6%, 0.7%, 0.8%, 0.9%, 1%, 1.1%, 1.2%, 1.3%, 1.4%, 1.5%, or any combination of these values. Preferably, the mass percentage of Fe2O3 in the gray glass composition is 0.8% to 1.3%. More preferably, the mass percentage of Fe2O3 in the gray glass composition is 1.0% to 1.2%.

[0066] It should be noted that total iron (Fe₂O₃) represents the mass percentage of total iron, which is a common representation in the art and does not mean that all iron in the gray glass composition is Fe₂O₃. Iron (Fe) can be used to adjust the transmittance and color of glass, and is usually present in glass as ferrous iron (Fe²⁺). 2+ ) and trivalent iron (Fe 3+ It exists in forms such as ferrous iron (Fe2+) and ferrous iron (Fe3+). 2+ It can act as an infrared absorber and give glass a more pronounced blue-green color; ferric iron (Fe3+) 3+ FeO can act as an ultraviolet absorber and impart a yellow tint to glass. The redox ratio (Redox) is typically used to represent the mass ratio of FeO to total iron. If the FeO content in the total iron is too low, it indicates an excessive oxygen supply during the melting process, increasing the likelihood of Se existing as SeO2, thus weakening Se's coloring ability. Conversely, if the FeO content is too high, it indicates an insufficient oxygen supply during the melting process, making it difficult to ensure enough Se remains in the glass complex. Furthermore, divalent iron (Fe2+)... 2+An increase in the content of FeO can easily lead to problems such as a decrease in thermal conductivity during the melting process. In some embodiments, the total iron Fe2O3 contains 20% to 30% FeO by mass of the total iron, i.e., the redox ratio (redox ratio = FeO / total iron Fe2O3) is 0.2 to 0.3. Optionally, the redox ratio may be, but is not limited to, 0.2, 0.22, 0.24, 0.25, 0.26, 0.28, 0.3, or any combination of these values. Preferably, the redox ratio is 0.22 to 0.29. More preferably, the redox ratio is 0.25 to 0.28.

[0067] Cobalt is a very stable and strong blue colorant that can reduce light transmittance. When combined with green, it forms a cyan color with a certain brightness and varying shades. It is preferably used in conjunction with selenium and iron in the production of gray glass. Optionally, the mass percentage of cobalt oxide (CoO) in the gray glass composition can be, but is not limited to, 50 ppm, 60 ppm, 80 ppm, 100 ppm, 120 ppm, 140 ppm, 150 ppm, 160 ppm, 180 ppm, 200 ppm, 220 ppm, 240 ppm, 250 ppm, 260 ppm, 280 ppm, 300 ppm, or any combination of these values. Preferably, the mass percentage of cobalt oxide (CoO) in the gray glass composition is 100 ppm to 250 ppm. More preferably, the mass percentage of cobalt oxide (CoO) in the gray glass composition is 150 ppm to 200 ppm.

[0068] Selenium (Se) can be used as a red and pink coloring agent; excessive selenium (Se) content results in a strong red color. Selenium absorbs infrared and ultraviolet radiation in glass. Selenium is unstable, and its oxides are highly volatile during glass melting, requiring expensive decontamination equipment. Optionally, the mass percentage of selenium (Se) in the grey glass composition can be, but is not limited to, 5 ppm, 8 ppm, 10 ppm, 12 ppm, 14 ppm, 15 ppm, 16 ppm, 18 ppm, 20 ppm, 22 ppm, 24 ppm, 25 ppm, 26 ppm, 28 ppm, 30 ppm, 32 ppm, 34 ppm, 35 ppm, 36 ppm, 38 ppm, 40 ppm, 42 ppm, 44 ppm, 45 ppm, 46 ppm, 48 ppm, 50 ppm, or any combination of these values. Preferably, the mass percentage of selenium is 20 ppm to 40 ppm. More preferably, the mass percentage of selenium is 25 ppm to 38 ppm. More preferably, the mass percentage of selenium is 30 ppm to 36 ppm.

[0069] Chromium in its trivalent state is a yellow-green colorant, exhibiting a greenish-amber color, and has strong ultraviolet absorption capabilities. Optionally, the mass percentage of chromium oxide (Cr₂O₃) in the gray glass composition can be, but is not limited to, 100 ppm, 120 ppm, 150 ppm, 180 ppm, 200 ppm, 220 ppm, 240 ppm, 250 ppm, 260 ppm, 280 ppm, 300 ppm, 320 ppm, 340 ppm, 350 ppm, 360 ppm, 380 ppm, 400 ppm, 420 ppm, 440 ppm, 450 ppm, 460 ppm, 480 ppm, 500 ppm, or any combination of these values. Preferably, the mass percentage of chromium oxide is 200 ppm to 400 ppm. More preferably, the mass percentage of chromium oxide is 250 ppm to 320 ppm.

[0070] The coloring component in the gray glass composition of this embodiment serves two purposes: coloring and light control. Traditional coloring components, by adding titanium dioxide (TiO2) and / or cerium oxide (CeO2), provide strong ultraviolet absorption and color adjustment. However, adding excessive amounts of TiO2 and CeO2 can lead to yellow tint and uneven mixing, and they are also costly. In this embodiment, gray glass with excellent optical properties and glass tone can be obtained by adding small amounts of manganese oxide (MnO2) and tin oxide (SnO2), offering significant economic advantages—a completely unexpected result. Therefore, the coloring component in the gray glass composition of this embodiment does not contain titanium dioxide (TiO2) or cerium oxide (CeO2).

[0071] Manganese oxide (MnO2) can oxidize ferrous iron (Fe2+) during the melting process of gray glass compositions. 2+ Oxidation to form ferric iron (Fe) 3+ And tetravalent manganese Mn 4+ It is then reduced to trivalent manganese (Mn). 3+ ferric iron (Fe) 3+ It appears yellow, indicating trivalent manganese (Mn). 3+The purple, yellow, and violet colors are optically complementary to some extent, thus ensuring that the final gray glass does not exhibit color cast. Optionally, the mass percentage of manganese oxide (MnO2) in the gray glass composition may be, but is not limited to, 10 ppm, 15 ppm, 20 ppm, 25 ppm, 30 ppm, 35 ppm, 40 ppm, 50 ppm, 60 ppm, 70 ppm, 80 ppm, 90 ppm, 100 ppm, 110 ppm, 120 ppm, 130 ppm, 140 ppm, 150 ppm, or any combination of these values. Preferably, the mass percentage of manganese oxide is 20 ppm to 100 ppm. More preferably, the mass percentage of manganese oxide is 25 ppm to 65 ppm.

[0072] Adding a certain amount of tin oxide (SnO2) to a gray glass composition can remove gaseous inclusions contained in the glass bath during glass melting and increase the redox ratio, thereby reducing infrared transmittance. However, it can also impart a yellow tint to the glass. The mass percentage of tin oxide (SnO2) in the gray glass composition can be, but is not limited to, 10 ppm, 12 ppm, 15 ppm, 20 ppm, 25 ppm, 30 ppm, 35 ppm, 40 ppm, 45 ppm, 50 ppm, 55 ppm, 60 ppm, 65 ppm, 70 ppm, 75 ppm, 80 ppm, 85 ppm, 90 ppm, 95 ppm, 100 ppm, or any combination of these values. For obtaining neutral gray glass without color cast, the mass percentage of tin oxide is preferably 12 ppm to 60 ppm. More preferably, the mass percentage of tin oxide is 15 ppm to 40 ppm.

[0073] In some embodiments, the mass ratio (CoO / Se) of cobalt oxide (CoO) to selenium (Se) in the gray glass composition is (2–20):1. For example, the mass ratio of cobalt oxide to selenium can be, but is not limited to, 2:1, 4:1, 5:1, 6:1, 7:1, 8:1, 10:1, 12:1, 15:1, 18:1, 20:1, or any range of these values. For the purpose of obtaining neutral gray glass without color cast and with significant economic advantages, the mass ratio of cobalt oxide to selenium is preferably (4–10):1. More preferably, the mass ratio of cobalt oxide to selenium is (5–8):1.

[0074] In some embodiments, the mass ratio of chromium oxide (Cr₂O₃) to selenium (Se) (Cr₂O₃ / Se) is (5–50):1. For example, the mass ratio of chromium oxide to selenium can be, but is not limited to, 5:1, 7:1, 8:1, 9:1, 10:1, 11:1, 12:1, 15:1, 20:1, 25:1, 30:1, 35:1, 40:1, 45:1, 50:1, or any range of these values. To obtain neutral gray glass without color cast and with significant economic advantages, the mass ratio of chromium oxide to selenium is further (7–20):1. Even further, the mass ratio of chromium oxide to selenium is (8–15):1.

[0075] In some embodiments, the mass ratio of total iron (Fe2O3) to chromium oxide (Cr2O3) (Fe2O3 / Cr2O3) is (30–150):1. For example, the mass ratio of total iron to chromium oxide may be, but is not limited to, 30:1, 32:1, 34:1, 35:1, 36:1, 38:1, 40:1, 42:1, 44:1, 45:1, 50:1, 55:1, 60:1, 65:1, 70:1, 75:1, 80:1, 85:1, 90:1, 95:1, 100:1, 105:1, 110:1, 115:1, 120:1, 125:1, 130:1, 135:1, 140:1, 145:1, 150:1, or any range of two of these values. To obtain neutral gray glass without color distortion and with significant economic advantages, the mass ratio of total iron to chromium oxide is preferably (32-60):1. More preferably, the mass ratio of total iron to chromium oxide is (35-45):1.

[0076] In some embodiments, the mass ratio of the total mass of total iron (Fe2O3), chromium oxide (Cr2O3), and cobalt oxide (CoO) to selenium (Se) ((Fe2O3+Cr2O3+CoO) / Se) is (250-600):1; for example, the mass ratio of the total mass of total iron (Fe2O3), chromium oxide (Cr2O3), and cobalt oxide (CoO) to selenium (Se) may be, but is not limited to, 250:1, 280:1, 300:1, 310:1, 320:1, 330:1, 340:1, 350:1, 360:1, 370:1, 380:1, 390:1, 400:1, 420:1, 450:1, 500:1, 550:1, 600:1, or any range of two of these values. To obtain neutral gray glass without color distortion and with significant economic advantages, preferably, the mass ratio of the total mass of Fe2O3, Cr2O3, and CoO to the mass of Se is (280–500):1. More preferably, the mass ratio of the total mass of Fe2O3, Cr2O3, and CoO to the mass of Se is (300–450):1. Even more preferably, the mass ratio of the total mass of Fe2O3, Cr2O3, and CoO to the mass of Se is (350–420):1.

[0077] In the gray glass composition, both manganese oxide (MnO2) and tin oxide (SnO2) are added. Manganese oxide (MnO2) can reduce the ferrous iron (Fe²⁺) content. 2+ Oxidation to form ferric iron (Fe) 3+ This reduces the redox ratio, while tin oxide (SnO2) increases it. To obtain neutral gray glass without color deviation, and considering production stability and economy, the preferred mass ratio (MnO2 / SnO2) of manganese oxide (MnO2) to tin oxide (SnO2) is (1–3):1. For example, the mass ratio of MnO2 to SnO2 can be, but is not limited to, 1:1, 1.2:1, 1.5:1, 1.7:1, 1.8:1, 2:1, 2.1:1, 2.2:1, 2.5:1, 2.8:1, 3:1, or any range of two of these values. Preferably, the mass ratio of MnO2 to SnO2 is (1.2–2.8):1. More preferably, the mass ratio of MnO2 to SnO2 is (1.2–2.5):1.

[0078] In some embodiments, the mass ratio of total iron (Fe₂O₃) to the total mass of tin oxide (SnO₂) and manganese oxide (MnO₂) (Fe₂O₃ / (SnO₂+MnO₂)) is (100–400):1. For example, the mass ratio of total iron (Fe₂O₃) to the total mass of tin oxide (SnO₂) and manganese oxide (MnO₂) can be, but is not limited to, 100:1, 110:1, 120:1, 130:1, 140:1, 150:1, 200:1, 250:1, 300:1, 350:1, 400:1, or any range of two of these values. To obtain neutral gray glass without color cast and with significant economic advantages, it is preferable that the mass ratio of Fe₂O₃ to the total mass of SnO₂ and MnO₂ is (120–300):1. More preferably, the mass ratio of Fe2O3 to the total mass of SnO2 and MnO2 is (125-250):1.

[0079] The gray glass composition of this invention is manufactured using a float glass process. By adjusting the mass percentages of total iron (Fe2O3), selenium (Se), chromium oxide (Cr2O3), cobalt oxide (CoO), manganese oxide (MnO2), and tin oxide (SnO2) in the coloring components, gray glass with low visible light transmittance (Lta), low infrared transmittance (Tir), low ultraviolet transmittance (Tuv), low direct solar transmittance (Te), and a neutral gray tone that provides visual comfort is obtained. For significant economic advantages, the mass percentages of total iron (Fe2O3), selenium (Se), chromium oxide (Cr2O3), cobalt oxide (CoO), manganese oxide (MnO2), and tin oxide (SnO2) satisfy the following: total iron (Fe2O3) + 10 * (selenium (Se) + chromium oxide (Cr2O3) + cobalt oxide (CoO) + manganese oxide (MnO2) + tin oxide (SnO2) = 1.0%–2.0%. For example, it can be, but is not limited to, 1.0%, 1.1%, 1.2%, 1.3%, 1.4%, 1.5%, 1.6%, 1.7%, 1.8%, 1.9%, 2.0%, or a range of any two of these values. Preferably, the total iron Fe2O3 + 10*(selenium Se + chromium oxide Cr2O3 + cobalt oxide CoO + manganese oxide MnO2 + tin oxide SnO2) = 1.2% to 1.9%. More preferably, the total iron Fe2O3 + 10*(selenium Se + chromium oxide Cr2O3 + cobalt oxide CoO + manganese oxide MnO2 + tin oxide SnO2) = 1.5% to 1.8%.

[0080] In some embodiments, the mass percentage of the coloring component in the gray glass composition is as follows:

[0081]

[0082] Furthermore, in some embodiments, the mass percentage of the coloring component in the gray glass composition is as follows:

[0083]

[0084]

[0085] In some embodiments, based on a glass thickness of 4 mm, the glass has an RGB color model: R value of 25-60, G value of 25-60, and B value of 25-60. The three colors R, G, and B work together to make the gray glass composition produce a visually comfortable neutral gray tone, such as a greenish-yellowish-gray color, which is more aesthetically pleasing and more comfortable for the human eye to look at.

[0086] Optionally, the R value may be, but is not limited to, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, or any combination of these values. Further, the R value is 30–50. Even further, the R value is 33–45.

[0087] Optionally, the value of G may be, but is not limited to, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, or a range of any two of these values. Further, the value of G is 30–55. Even further, the value of G is 35–50.

[0088] Optionally, the value of B may be, but is not limited to, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, or a range of any two of these values. Further, the value of B is 30–50. Even further, the value of R is 30–45.

[0089] In some embodiments, based on a glass thickness of 4 mm, the RGB color mode of the glass satisfies at least one of the following conditions:

[0090] (1) R value is 30-50, G value is 30-55, B value is 30-50;

[0091] (2) R:G=1: (1.0~1.2), R:B=1: (0.8~1.0), G:B=1: (0.8~1.0).

[0092] In some embodiments, based on a glass thickness of 4 mm, the RGB color mode of the glass satisfies at least one of the following conditions:

[0093] (1) R value is 33-45, G value is 35-50, B value is 30-45;

[0094] (2) R:G=1: (1.01~1.15), R:B=1: (0.85~0.98), G:B=1: (0.85~0.95).

[0095] In some embodiments, the base component of the gray glass composition may be a component commonly used in the art, such as soda-lime-silicon float glass. The mass percentage of the base component in the gray glass composition is as follows:

[0096]

[0097] Among them, Na₂O can reduce the high-temperature viscosity of glass, lower the structural change threshold of coloring components, and increase the coefficient of thermal expansion of glass; K₂O and Na₂O are alkali metal oxides, and their effects are similar to those of Na₂O. If the content of Na₂O and K₂O is too high, the chemical stability of glass will decrease; CaO can improve the stability and anti-crystallization properties of glass and reduce the high-temperature viscosity of glass; MgO can improve the chemical stability of glass, but if the content is too high, the anti-crystallization properties of glass will decrease; Al₂O₃ can also improve the chemical stability of glass.

[0098] The gray glass composition described in this invention can be applied to conventional float glass production processes. During the float glass production process, due to certain impurities from glass raw materials and production equipment, the final glass product contains uncontrollable trace components. Since the content is very small and does not affect the glass performance, this invention will not provide specific details.

[0099] In some embodiments, based on a glass thickness of 4 mm, the glass has at least one of the following: direct solar transmittance of less than 20%, infrared transmittance of less than 20%, ultraviolet transmittance of less than 8%, and visible light transmittance of less than 20%. Further, based on a glass thickness of 4 mm, the glass has at least 20% direct solar transmittance, at least 20% infrared transmittance, at least 8% ultraviolet transmittance, and at least 20% visible light transmittance. Even further, based on a glass thickness of 4 mm, the glass has at least 10% to 18% direct solar transmittance, at least 10% to 16% infrared transmittance, at least 1% to 5% ultraviolet transmittance, and at least 12% to 19% visible light transmittance.

[0100] Optionally, the direct solar transmittance Te may be, but is not limited to, 20%, 19.5%, 19%, 18.5%, 18%, 17.5%, 17%, 16.5%, 16%, 15.5%, 15%, 14.5%, 14%, 13.5%, 13%, 12.5%, 12%, 11.5%, 11%, 10.5%, 10%, or a range of any two of these values.

[0101] Optionally, the infrared transmittance Tir may be, but is not limited to, 20%, 19.5%, 19%, 18.5%, 18%, 17.5%, 17%, 16.5%, 16%, 15.5%, 15%, 14.5%, 14%, 13.5%, 13%, 12.5%, 12%, 11.5%, 11%, 10.5%, 10%, or a range of any two of these values.

[0102] Optionally, the ultraviolet transmittance Tuv may be, but is not limited to, 8%, 7.5%, 7%, 6.5%, 6%, 5.5%, 5%, 4.5%, 4%, 3.5%, 3%, 2.5%, 2%, 1.5%, 1%, or a range of any two of these values.

[0103] Optionally, the visible light transmittance Lta may be, but is not limited to, 20%, 19.5%, 19%, 18.5%, 18%, 17.5%, 17%, 16.5%, 16%, 15.5%, 15%, 14.5%, 14%, 13.5%, 13%, 12.5%, 12%, or a range of any two of these values.

[0104] This invention also provides a vehicle window glass, comprising at least one glass sheet prepared from the aforementioned gray glass composition, the glass sheet having a thickness of 0.7 mm to 5 mm, and the vehicle window glass being a sunroof, side window, or triangular window. It is understood that the gray glass prepared from the gray glass composition of this invention can also be used as architectural glass, aviation glass, etc.

[0105] In some embodiments, the gray glass composition is used to prepare glass sheets via a float glass process. The temperature control for melting the gray glass composition into molten glass during the float glass process is as follows: the temperature of the first heating section is 1420℃~1460℃, the temperature of the second heating section is 1555℃~1585℃, and the temperature of the third heating section is 1500℃~1530℃. This temperature control facilitates actual production, minimizes color differences between different production batches, and ensures good process stability and repeatability.

[0106] Example

[0107] To make the objectives and advantages of the present invention clearer, the gray glass composition and its effects of the present invention are further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only for explaining the present invention and should not be used to limit the present invention. Unless otherwise specified, the following embodiments do not include components other than unavoidable impurities. Unless otherwise specified, the drugs and instruments used in the embodiments are conventional choices in the art. Experimental methods in the embodiments that do not specify specific conditions are implemented according to conventional conditions, such as those described in literature, books, or methods recommended by the manufacturer.

[0108] In the following embodiments, silica sand, soda ash, sodium nitrate, mirabilite, dolomite, limestone, iron powder, carbon powder, titanium dioxide, chromite, cobalt, and selenium are used as raw materials to prepare gray glass compositions.

[0109] The preparation steps are as follows: Weigh the corresponding raw materials according to the mass percentage of each component in the gray glass composition, prepare the batch, melt the batch at a high temperature of at least 1500℃ to make the batch into glass liquid, then cool the glass liquid to below 1200℃, and then form glass strips of the required width and thickness through a float tin bath, anneal, cool to room temperature, and cut into glass plates of the required size.

[0110] The gray glass compositions of Comparative Example 1 and Examples 1-9 have the following substantially the same basic components (by mass percentage).

[0111] The mass percentages of the basic components in the gray glass composition of Comparative Example 1 and Examples 1-9 are as follows:

[0112] Silicon dioxide (SiO2) 65%–75%;

[0113] Sodium oxide (Na₂O) 10%–18%;

[0114] Calcium oxide (CaO) 4%–14%;

[0115] Magnesium oxide (MgO) 2%–6%;

[0116] Potassium oxide (K₂O) 0–1%;

[0117] Aluminum oxide (Al₂O₃) 0–2%.

[0118] Specifically, the basic components of Comparative Example 1 and Examples 1-9 are shown in Table 1.

[0119] Table 1: Basic Components of Gray Glass Composition

[0120] <![CDATA[SiO2]]> <![CDATA[Na2O]]> CaO MgO <![CDATA[Al2O3]]> <![CDATA[K2O]]> Comparative Example 1 72.91％ 13.85％ 9％ 3.4％ 0.35％ 0.05％ Example 1 72.58％ 13.80％ 8.93％ 3.42％ 0.32％ 0.05％ Example 2 72.41％ 13.79％ 8.97％ 3.4％ 0.33％ 0.02％ Example 3 72.07％ 13.90％ 9.04％ 3.39％ 0.37％ 0.07％ Example 4 72.21％ 13.82％ 9.02％ 3.39％ 0.36％ 0.03％ Example 5 72.22％ 13.85％ 8.85％ 3.5％ 0.33％ 0.05％ Example 6 72.12％ 13.86％ 9.02％ 3.36％ 0.35％ 0.05％ Example 7 72.25％ 13.83％ 8.96％ 3.32％ 0.34％ 0.05％ Example 8 72.17％ 13.84％ 8.98％ 3.39％ 0.32％ 0.06％ Example 9 72.11％ 13.85％ 9％ 3.4％ 0.35％ 0.05％

[0121] The coloring components (by mass percentage) of the gray glass compositions of Comparative Example 1 and Examples 1-9 are shown in Table 2.

[0122] Table 2: Coloring components of the gray glass compositions of Comparative Example 1 and Examples 1-9

[0123]

[0124]

[0125] The glass plates prepared in Comparative Example 1 and Examples 1-9 were analyzed, with a glass thickness of 4 mm as the baseline. The analysis results are shown in Table 3. The solar direct transmittance (Te), infrared transmittance (Tir), ultraviolet transmittance (Tuv), and RGB color mode in Table 3 were measured using the following methods:

[0126] Direct solar transmittance (Te): Measured in the wavelength range of 300 nm to 2500 nm according to ISO 9050:2003;

[0127] Infrared transmittance (Tir): Measured in the wavelength range of 780nm to 2500nm according to ISO 9050:2003;

[0128] Visible light transmittance (Lta): Measured in the wavelength range of 380 nm to 780 nm according to ISO 9050:2003;

[0129] Ultraviolet transmittance (Tuv), measured in the wavelength range of 300 nm to 380 nm according to ISO 9050:2003;

[0130] RGB color mode: Measured and converted according to the CIE1976, D65 illuminant standard.

[0131] Table 3: Optical properties and color of glass samples from Comparative Example 1 and Examples 1-9

[0132]

[0133]

[0134] As can be seen from Table 3 above, the total iron content in the gray glass composition of Comparative Example 1 is <0.5%, the mass ratio of Fe2O3 to Cr2O3 is less than 30, the mass ratio of the total mass of Fe2O3, Cr2O3 and CoO to Se is less than 250, the mass ratio of MnO2 to SnO2 is greater than 3, the mass ratio of Fe2O3 to the total mass of SnO2 and MnO2 is less than 100, and Fe2O3+10*(Se+Cr2O3+CoO+MnO2+SnO2) is less than 1.0%. This results in the glass obtained in Comparative Example 1 having a solar direct transmittance (Te) greater than 40%, an infrared transmittance (Tir) greater than 40%, a visible light transmittance (Lta) greater than 40%, and an ultraviolet transmittance (Tuv) greater than 20%, with an R value greater than 100, a G value greater than 100, and a B value greater than 100 in its RGB color mode.

[0135] Compared with Comparative Example 1, the glass obtained in Example 1, based on a glass thickness of 4 mm, has a direct solar transmittance (Te) of less than 20%, an infrared transmittance (Tir) of less than 20%, a visible light transmittance (Lta) of less than 20%, and an ultraviolet transmittance (Tuv) of less than 6%. Moreover, its R value, G value, and B value in the RGB color model are 40-50, which can effectively block ultraviolet rays from penetrating to avoid damage to items and people inside the vehicle. It can also achieve good heat insulation and privacy protection, meet the visual comfort of a neutral gray tone, and has good energy-saving and environmental protection effects.

[0136] Compared with Comparative Example 1, the glass obtained in Examples 2-9, based on a glass thickness of 4 mm, has a direct solar transmittance (Te) of less than 18%, an infrared transmittance (Tir) of less than 18%, a visible light transmittance (Lta) of less than 19% or even less than 17%, and an ultraviolet transmittance (Tuv) of less than 5%. Moreover, its R value in the RGB color model is 30-45, G value is 35-50, and B value is 30-45. It can effectively block ultraviolet rays from penetrating to avoid damage to items and people inside the vehicle. It can also achieve good heat insulation and privacy protection, as well as meet the visual comfort of a neutral gray tone, and has good energy-saving and environmental protection effects.

[0137] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0138] The embodiments described above are merely illustrative of several implementations of the present invention, designed to facilitate a detailed understanding of the technical solutions of the present invention, but should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the invention patent. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these all fall within the scope of protection of the present invention. It should be understood that technical solutions obtained by those skilled in the art based on the technical solutions provided by the present invention through logical analysis, reasoning, or limited experimentation are all within the scope of protection of the appended claims. Therefore, the scope of protection of this invention patent should be determined by the content of the appended claims, and the specification can be used to interpret the content of the claims.

Claims

1. A gray glass composition, characterized in that, The composition includes a base component and a coloring component, wherein the coloring component comprises the following mass percentages in the gray glass composition: Total iron (Fe2O3) 0.9%~1.2%; Selenium (Se) 10ppm~50ppm; Chromium oxide (Cr₂O₃) 100ppm~500ppm; Cobalt oxide (CoO) 50ppm~300ppm; Manganese oxide (MnO2) 10ppm~150ppm; Tin oxide (SnO2) 10ppm~100ppm; The mass ratio of manganese oxide (MnO2) to tin oxide (SnO2) is (1~3):1; The coloring component does not contain titanium dioxide (TiO2) or cerium oxide (CeO2); Based on a glass thickness of 4mm, the glass has an RGB color mode: R value 25~60, G value 25~60, B value 25~60.

2. The gray glass composition according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the gray glass composition, the mass percentage of tin oxide (SnO2) is 12 ppm to 60 ppm.

3. The gray glass composition according to claim 2, characterized in that, In the gray glass composition, the mass percentage of tin oxide (SnO2) is 15 ppm to 40 ppm.

4. The gray glass composition according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the gray glass composition, the mass percentage of manganese oxide (MnO2) is 20 ppm to 80 ppm.

5. The gray glass composition according to claim 4, characterized in that, In the gray glass composition, the mass percentage of manganese oxide (MnO2) is 25 ppm to 65 ppm.

6. The gray glass composition according to claim 1, characterized in that, The redox ratio is 0.2~0.

3.

7. The gray glass composition according to claim 1, characterized in that, The coloring component satisfies at least one of the following conditions: (1) The mass ratio of cobalt oxide (CoO) to selenium (Se) is (2~20):1; (2) The mass ratio of chromium oxide Cr2O3 to selenium Se is (5~50):1; (3) The mass ratio of the total iron Fe2O3 to the chromium oxide Cr2O3 is (30~150):1; (4) The total mass ratio of the total iron Fe2O3, the chromium oxide Cr2O3 and the cobalt oxide CoO to the mass ratio of the selenium Se is (250~600):1; (5) The ratio of the total mass of Fe2O3 to the total mass of SnO2 oxide and MnO2 oxide is (100~400):

1.

8. The gray glass composition according to claim 7, characterized in that, The coloring component satisfies at least one of the following conditions: (1) The mass ratio of cobalt oxide (CoO) to selenium (Se) is (4~10):1; (2) The mass ratio of chromium oxide Cr2O3 to selenium Se is (7~20):1; (3) The mass ratio of the total iron Fe2O3 to the chromium oxide Cr2O3 is (32~60):1; (4) The total mass ratio of the total iron Fe2O3, the chromium oxide Cr2O3 and the cobalt oxide CoO to the mass ratio of the selenium Se is (280~500):1; (5) The mass ratio of MnO2 to tin oxide SnO2 is (1.2~2.8):1; (6) The ratio of the total mass of Fe2O3 to the total mass of SnO2 oxide and MnO2 oxide is (120~300):

1.

9. The gray glass composition according to claim 8, characterized in that, The coloring component satisfies at least one of the following conditions: (1) The mass ratio of cobalt oxide (CoO) to selenium (Se) is (5~8):1; (2) The mass ratio of chromium oxide Cr2O3 to selenium Se is (8~15):1; (3) The mass ratio of total iron Fe2O3 to chromium oxide Cr2O3 is (35~45):1; (4) The total mass ratio of the total iron Fe2O3, the chromium oxide Cr2O3 and the cobalt oxide CoO to the mass ratio of the selenium Se is (300~450):1; (5) The mass ratio of manganese oxide (MnO2) to tin oxide (SnO2) is (1.2~2.5):1; (6) The ratio of the total mass of Fe2O3 to the total mass of SnO2 oxide and MnO2 oxide is (125~250):

1.

10. The gray glass composition according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that, Based on a glass thickness of 4mm, the RGB color mode of the glass must meet at least one of the following conditions: (1) R value is 30~50, G value is 30~55, B value is 30~50; (2) R:G=1: (1.0~1.2), R:B=1: (0.8~1.0), G:B=1: (0.8~1.0).

11. The gray glass composition according to claim 10, characterized in that, Based on a glass thickness of 4mm, the RGB color mode of the glass must meet at least one of the following conditions: (1) R value is 33~45, G value is 35~50, B value is 30~45; (2) R:G=1: (1.01~1.15), R:B=1: (0.85~0.98), G:B=1: (0.85~0.95).

12. The gray glass composition according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that, Based on a glass thickness of 4mm, it has a direct solar transmittance of less than 20%, an infrared transmittance of less than 20%, an ultraviolet transmittance of less than 8%, and a visible light transmittance of less than 20%.

13. The gray glass composition according to claim 12, characterized in that, Based on a glass thickness of 4mm, it has a direct solar transmittance of 10%~18%, an infrared transmittance of 10%~16%, an ultraviolet transmittance of 1%~5%, and a visible light transmittance of 12%~19%.

14. The gray glass composition according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mass percentage of the coloring component in the gray glass composition is as follows: Total iron (Fe2O3) 0.9%~1.2%; Selenium (Se) 25ppm~40ppm; Chromium oxide (Cr₂O₃) 200 ppm ~ 400 ppm; Cobalt oxide (CoO) 100ppm~250ppm; Manganese oxide (MnO2) 20ppm~80ppm; Tin oxide (SnO2) 12ppm~60ppm.

15. The gray glass composition according to claim 14, characterized in that, The mass percentage of the coloring component in the gray glass composition is as follows: Total iron (Fe2O3) 1.0%~1.2%; Selenium (Se) 30ppm~36ppm; Chromium oxide (Cr₂O₃) 250ppm~320ppm; Cobalt oxide (CoO) 150ppm~200ppm; Manganese oxide (MnO2) 25ppm~65ppm; Tin oxide (SnO2) 15ppm~40ppm.

16. The gray glass composition according to any one of claims 1-9 and 14-15, characterized in that, The mass percentages of total iron (Fe2O3), selenium (Se), chromium oxide (Cr2O3), cobalt oxide (CoO), manganese oxide (MnO2), and tin oxide (SnO2) satisfy the following: total iron (Fe2O3) + 10 * (selenium (Se) + chromium oxide (Cr2O3) + cobalt oxide (CoO) + manganese oxide (MnO2) + tin oxide (SnO2)) = 1.0% to 2.0%.

17. The gray glass composition according to claim 16, characterized in that, The mass percentages of total iron (Fe2O3), selenium (Se), chromium oxide (Cr2O3), cobalt oxide (CoO), manganese oxide (MnO2), and tin oxide (SnO2) satisfy the following: total iron (Fe2O3) + 10*(selenium (Se) + chromium oxide (Cr2O3) + cobalt oxide (CoO) + manganese oxide (MnO2) + tin oxide (SnO2) = 1.2% to 1.9%.

18. The gray glass composition according to claim 17, characterized in that, The mass percentages of total iron (Fe2O3), selenium (Se), chromium oxide (Cr2O3), cobalt oxide (CoO), manganese oxide (MnO2), and tin oxide (SnO2) satisfy the following: total iron (Fe2O3) + 10 * (selenium (Se) + chromium oxide (Cr2O3) + cobalt oxide (CoO) + manganese oxide (MnO2) + tin oxide (SnO2)) = 1.5% to 1.8%.

19. A type of vehicle window glass, characterized in that, The vehicle window glass comprises at least one glass plate prepared from the gray glass composition according to any one of claims 1 to 18, the thickness of the glass plate being 0.7 mm to 5 mm, and the vehicle window glass being a sunroof, side window, or triangular window.

20. The vehicle window glass according to claim 19, characterized in that, The gray glass composition is used to prepare glass plates by a float glass process. In the float glass process, the temperature of the gray glass composition is controlled sequentially as follows: the temperature of the first heating section is 1420℃~1460℃, the temperature of the second heating section is 1555℃~1585℃, and the temperature of the third heating section is 1500℃~1530℃.

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