An electrolytic cell

Abstract

The application discloses an electrolytic cell, which comprises a cell body (1) and a diaphragm (2) arranged in the cell body (1), the diaphragm (2) separates the inner cavity of the cell body (1) into at least two electrode chambers (110), and an electrode sheet (3) is arranged in each electrode chamber (110), characterized in that at least one of the electrode chambers (110) is provided with an insulating screen (4) for separating the adjacent diaphragm (2) and electrode sheet (3), and the insulating screen (4) is provided with a plurality of screen holes (411) for allowing fluid to pass through. Compared with the prior art, the electrolytic cell can avoid dry burning caused by the contact between the diaphragm and the electrode sheet, accelerate exhaust, inhibit scale deposition and accelerate ion transfer.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of electrolysis equipment technology, specifically to an electrolytic cell. Background Technology

[0002] An electrolytic cell consists of a cell body, an anode, and a cathode. Most electrolytic cells use an ion-exchange membrane (also called a diaphragm) to separate the anode and cathode chambers. Based on the type of electrolyte, they are classified into three categories: aqueous solution electrolytic cells, molten salt electrolytic cells, and non-aqueous solution electrolytic cells. When direct current passes through the electrolytic cell, an oxidation reaction occurs at the anode-solution interface, and a reduction reaction occurs at the cathode-solution interface, thus producing electrolyzed water.

[0003] For example, the Chinese invention patent with patent application number CN201810264395.4 (publication number CN108609693A) entitled "A Method for Preparing Acidic Water and Alkaline Water" uses the electrolysis of brine to form cations and anions, which move towards the two electrodes of the electrolysis. Hydrogen ions and highly reactive chlorine gas are generated from the anode. The chlorine gas dissolves in water to form hypochlorous acid and hydrochloric acid solutions as acidic water. Hydroxide ions and hydrogen gas are generated from the cathode to form sodium hydroxide solution as alkaline water.

[0004] The existing water electrolysis process has the following problems:

[0005] First, ion exchange membranes are unique polymer membranes containing ionic groups that selectively allow cations or anions in a solution to pass through. They have a certain degree of flexibility and, over time, can deform under the influence of air and water pressure, or even come into contact with the electrode plates and cause dry burning, affecting the water output and the lifespan of the electrolyzer. These problems are even more serious in small electrolyzers.

[0006] Secondly, during the electrolysis process, a large number of bubbles are generated on the anode and cathode plates. These bubbles accumulate on the electrode plates, ion exchange membranes, and water channels in the electrolytic cell, resulting in high voltage requirements and high energy consumption for the electrolysis system. They also reduce the effective electrolysis area, decrease the electrolysis reaction efficiency, lead to low pH of the effluent, and obstruct the smooth flow of water channels, making the pH value and voltage extremely unstable. The gas pressure will also exacerbate the deformation of the intermediate ion exchange membrane, especially in small electrolytic cells where the above problems are more serious.

[0007] Third, during electrolysis, the OH- generated at the cathode (negative electrode) - It will react with Ca in the water 2+ Mg 2+ The reaction produces scale, which deposits on the cathode and ion exchange membrane, affecting the electrolysis effect and the lifespan of the electrolytic cell.

[0008] Fourth, during electrolysis, ions need to pass through the ion exchange membrane from the anode chamber to the cathode chamber before the entire electrolysis reaction can proceed. However, during the electrolysis reaction, ions and products tend to accumulate around the electrode plates, which is not conducive to the diffusion and transfer of ions and the uniformity of products, thus affecting the electrolysis efficiency and pH stability. Summary of the Invention

[0009] The first technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an electrolytic cell that can avoid dry burning caused by the diaphragm contacting the electrode sheet, in light of the current state of the prior art.

[0010] The second technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an electrolytic cell that can accelerate the exhaust of gas.

[0011] The third technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an electrolytic cell that can inhibit scale deposition.

[0012] The fourth technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an electrolyzer capable of accelerating ion transfer.

[0013] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the first, second, third and fourth technical problems mentioned above is as follows: an electrolytic cell, comprising a cell body and a diaphragm disposed in the cell body, wherein the diaphragm divides the inner cavity of the cell body into at least two electrode chambers, and each electrode chamber is provided with an electrode plate, characterized in that: at least one of the electrode chambers is provided with an insulating mesh for separating adjacent diaphragms and electrode plates, the insulating mesh having a plurality of mesh holes for fluid to pass through.

[0014] To enhance the turbulence effect, the insulating mesh has at least one surface with an undulating wave structure along its length. This allows water, ions, and bubbles to pass through the mesh from all directions, accelerating ion transfer and increasing the turbulence effect.

[0015] Preferably, the waveform structure is a triangular wave or a sine wave.

[0016] In order to achieve the scraping and descaling function, the insulating mesh can move or deform relative to the tank, and its crests or troughs are formed with scraping parts that can rub against adjacent diaphragms or electrode plates.

[0017] To achieve dynamic turbulence, the insulating mesh can move or deform relative to the tank.

[0018] To create dynamic turbulence, the insulating mesh is an elastic element that can stretch and contract along its length. Because the insulating mesh has spring-like free-movement characteristics, it can stretch and contract freely under the action of water flow, accelerating the bursting and expulsion of air bubbles and promoting turbulence, thereby improving electrolysis efficiency and stability, and to some extent inhibiting scale deposition.

[0019] To enable the insulating mesh to stretch and contract along its length, the insulating mesh has a foldable wave structure.

[0020] To facilitate the processing of the insulating mesh, the insulating mesh includes at least two unit strips arranged sequentially along its length. The unit strips have the mesh openings. The odd-numbered unit strips in the arrangement direction are designated as the first unit strips, and the even-numbered unit strips in the arrangement direction are designated as the second unit strips. The first side of the preceding first unit strip is connected to the first side of the following second unit strip, and the second side of the preceding second unit strip is connected to the second side of the following first unit strip. Adjacent unit strips have an included angle and can be opened and closed relative to each other.

[0021] In order to achieve the scraping and descaling function, the folded edge between two adjacent unit strips forms a scraping part that can rub against the adjacent diaphragm or electrode sheet.

[0022] To facilitate the free movement of the insulating mesh, both ends of the insulating mesh are suspended freely along its length.

[0023] Alternatively, both ends of the insulating mesh along its length can be fixed relative to the tank, or the first end of the insulating mesh along its length can be fixed relative to the tank, with the second end suspended freely. To maximize the use of water flow to provide the insulating mesh with the force for its expansion and contraction, the expansion and contraction direction of the insulating mesh is substantially consistent with the flow direction of the water in the electrode chamber.

[0024] In order to enable the insulating mesh to swing freely under the action of water flow and enhance the turbulence effect, the insulating mesh is a flexible component, with only one end suspended freely so that it can swing freely under the action of water flow.

[0025] To improve the turbulence effect, the first end of the insulating mesh is suspended freely, and the electrolytic cell also includes a driving mechanism for moving the second end of the insulating mesh.

[0026] In order to increase the range of motion and ensure the turbulence effect within a limited space, the insulating mesh is an elastic element that can stretch and contract along its length. The power output end of the driving mechanism is connected to the second end of the insulating mesh so that the second end of the insulating mesh can move along the stretching and contraction direction of the insulating mesh, thereby adjusting the stretching and contraction of the insulating mesh.

[0027] Of course, the insulating mesh can also be set as a flat plate, and the plate can be driven by a drive mechanism to move back and forth between the diaphragm and the electrode plate. In this way, on the one hand, the reciprocating motion of the entire plate will achieve a turbulence effect, and on the other hand, since the first end of the plate is suspended in the air, the first end will swing freely around the second end under the action of the drive mechanism and the water flow.

[0028] To simplify the structure of the insulating mesh, the insulating mesh is in the form of a foldable wave structure.

[0029] To facilitate the processing of the insulating mesh, the insulating mesh includes at least two unit strips arranged sequentially along its length. Each unit strip has multiple mesh openings for fluid passage. The odd-numbered unit strip is designated as the first unit strip, and the even-numbered unit strip is designated as the second unit strip. The first side of the preceding first unit strip is connected to the first side of the following second unit strip, and the second side of the preceding second unit strip is connected to the second side of the following first unit strip. Adjacent unit strips form an angle and can open and close relative to each other. Furthermore, by setting the insulating mesh into a wave-like structure with varying mesh opening directions, water flow, ions, and bubbles can pass through the mesh from all directions, accelerating ion transfer and increasing the turbulence effect.

[0030] In order to drive the insulating mesh, the free ends of the unit strips located at the head of the insulating mesh are freely suspended;

[0031] The drive mechanism includes:

[0032] A pull rod, having a fixed rod at its first end, wherein the unit strip at the tail end of the insulating mesh is positioned on the fixed rod; and

[0033] The driving component has a telescopic rod that can extend and retract along the telescopic direction of the insulating mesh, and the telescopic rod is connected to the second end of the pull rod.

[0034] To facilitate the installation of the drive mechanism and avoid the electrolyte affecting the service life of the drive component, the drive component is installed on the outside of the tank, and the pull rod passes through the tank from the first end to the second end and is exposed on the outer wall of the tank.

[0035] To simplify the drive mechanism, the number of insulating meshes is at least two, and each drive mechanism corresponds to one insulating mesh. All drive mechanisms share the same drive component.

[0036] To ensure that the insulating mesh fully disturbs the upward-flowing water and improves the disturbance effect, the extension and retraction direction of the insulating mesh is basically perpendicular to the flow direction of the water in the electrode chamber.

[0037] To prevent the insulating mesh from obstructing the waterway, the porosity of the insulating mesh is >1%. Preferably, the porosity of the insulating mesh is 40-60%. More preferably, the porosity of the insulating mesh is 50%.

[0038] To achieve the formation of a single-diaphragm electrolytic cell, the number of diaphragms is one, and the inner cavity of the cell is divided into two electrode chambers, which are respectively referred to as the cathode chamber and the anode chamber. The number of electrode plates is one pair, which are respectively referred to as the cathode plate and the anode plate. The cathode plate is located in the cathode chamber, and the anode plate is located in the anode chamber.

[0039] To achieve the formation of a double-diaphragm electrolytic cell, the number of diaphragms is two and they are arranged side by side, dividing the inner cavity of the cell into two electrode chambers located on both sides of the two diaphragms and an intermediate chamber located between the two diaphragms. The two electrode chambers are respectively referred to as the cathode chamber and the anode chamber. The number of electrode plates is one pair, respectively referred to as the cathode plate and the anode plate. The cathode plate is located in the cathode chamber and the anode plate is located in the anode chamber.

[0040] To facilitate the supply of raw materials and the discharge of electrolyzed water, each electrode chamber is provided with a first liquid inlet and a first liquid outlet that communicate with the electrode chamber in the corresponding tank part.

[0041] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are as follows:

[0042] (1) By separating adjacent diaphragms and electrode plates with an insulating mesh, on the one hand, the insulating mesh can effectively prevent the diaphragm from contacting the electrode plate and causing dry burning; on the other hand, the water flow can form local micro-turbulence during the process of passing through the mesh, which can accelerate the exhaust, inhibit scale deposition, and accelerate ion transfer.

[0043] (2) The insulating mesh is designed as a waveform structure with different mesh orientations so that water flow, ions, bubbles, etc. can pass through the mesh from all directions, which can accelerate ion transfer and increase the turbulence effect.

[0044] (3) Because the insulating mesh has the free movement characteristics of a spring, it can move freely under the action of water flow, which will accelerate the bursting and discharge of bubbles and promote turbulence, improve electrolysis efficiency and stability, and inhibit scale deposition to a certain extent.

[0045] (4) The insulating mesh is set as a flexible part, with only one end suspended freely, so that it can swing freely under the action of water flow to improve the turbulence effect;

[0046] (5) By driving the insulating mesh to move through the driving mechanism, the movement amplitude of the insulating mesh can be increased, thereby improving the turbulence effect. Attached Figure Description

[0047] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the electrolytic cell of Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 2 for Figure 13D exploded view of the electrolytic cell;

[0049] Figure 3 for Figure 2 A magnified view of a portion of the insulating mesh;

[0050] Figure 4 for Figure 1 Longitudinal sectional view of the electrolytic cell;

[0051] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of Embodiment 2 of the electrolytic cell of the present invention;

[0052] Figure 6 This is a longitudinal sectional view of Embodiment 3 of the electrolytic cell of the present invention;

[0053] Figure 7 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the electrolytic cell of embodiment 4 of the present invention;

[0054] Figure 8 for Figure 7 3D exploded view of the electrolytic cell;

[0055] Figure 9 for Figure 8 A three-dimensional structural diagram of the central drive mechanism;

[0056] Figure 10 for Figure 7 Longitudinal sectional view of the electrolytic cell;

[0057] Figure 11 for Figure 10 Enlarged view of Part I;

[0058] Figure 12 This is a cross-sectional view of Embodiment 5 of the electrolytic cell of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0059] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0060] Example 1:

[0061] like Figures 1 to 4 The image shows a first preferred embodiment of the electrolytic cell of the present invention. The electrolytic cell includes a cell body 1, a diaphragm 2, electrode plates 3, and an insulating mesh 4.

[0062] The groove 1 is formed by assembling two covers 11 together with fasteners, and a closed inner cavity is formed between the two covers 11; two annular sealing gaskets 12 are arranged sequentially between the two opposite end faces of the two covers 11.

[0063] The diaphragm 2 is a cation exchange membrane, vertically arranged in the inner cavity of the tank 1, with its periphery sandwiched between the two annular sealing gaskets 12. There is one diaphragm 2, which divides the inner cavity of the tank 1 into two electrode chambers 110. The electrode chamber 110 located between the front cover 11 and the diaphragm 2 is designated as cathode chamber 110a, and the electrode chamber 110 located between the rear cover 11 and the diaphragm 2 is designated as anode chamber 110b. Each cover 11 has a first inlet 111 and a first outlet 112 communicating with the corresponding electrode chamber 110, respectively. Therefore, the water in each electrode chamber 110 flows from bottom to top.

[0064] There is a pair of electrode plates 3, designated as cathode plate 3a and anode plate 3b. Cathode plate 3a is arranged substantially vertically at the front of cathode chamber 110a, and anode plate 3b is arranged substantially vertically at the rear of anode chamber 110b. Each electrode plate 3 has a conductive post 31 at its top, which passes upward through the corresponding cover 11 and is exposed on the top wall of the cover 11. The conductive posts 31 on cathode plate 3a and anode plate 3b are used for electrical connection to the negative and positive terminals of an external power supply, respectively.

[0065] There are two insulating meshes 4, which correspond one-to-one with the two electrode chambers 110 mentioned above. They are located in the corresponding electrode chambers 110 and are used to separate the adjacent diaphragms 2 and electrode sheets 3.

[0066] In this embodiment, the insulating mesh 4 has a foldable triangular wave structure along its length, and both ends are freely suspended. Specifically, the insulating mesh 4 is composed of at least two unit strips 41 arranged sequentially along its length. Each unit strip 41 has multiple mesh holes 411 arranged in a matrix to allow fluid to pass through. The porosity of the insulating mesh 4 is 50%. The odd-numbered unit strip 41 in the arrangement direction is designated as the first unit strip 41a, and the even-numbered unit strip 41 in the arrangement direction is designated as the second unit strip 41b. The first side of the preceding first unit strip 41a is connected to the first side of the following second unit strip 41b, and the second side of the preceding second unit strip 41b is connected to the second side of the following first unit strip 41a.

[0067] The aforementioned insulating mesh 4 has the following functions: First, the insulating mesh 4 separates the diaphragm 2 and the electrode plate 3, which can effectively prevent the diaphragm 2 from contacting the electrode plate 3 and causing dry burning; Second, the water flow can form local micro-turbulence during the process of passing through the mesh 411, which can accelerate the exhaust, inhibit scale deposition, and accelerate ion transfer; Third, for the triangular wave structure insulating mesh 4, the mesh 411 has different directions, so that water flow, ions, bubbles, etc. can pass through the mesh 411 from all directions, which can accelerate ion transfer and increase the turbulence effect; Fourth, the folded edge between two adjacent unit strips 41 forms a scraping part 410 that can rub against the adjacent diaphragm 2 or electrode plate 3, thereby realizing scraping and descaling.

[0068] In this embodiment, the insulating mesh 4 is made of a food-grade material that is resistant to high and low temperatures, strong acids and alkalis, and has good insulation properties, preferably food-grade Teflon. Adjacent unit strips 41 have an included angle and can open and close relative to each other. Therefore, the insulating mesh 4 as a whole is an elastic element that can stretch and contract along its length. The thickness of the insulating mesh 4 is denoted as H, and H changes accordingly during the stretching and contraction of the insulating mesh 4. Because the insulating mesh 4 has a spring-like free-movement characteristic, it can stretch and contract under the action of water flow, accelerating the bursting and discharge of air bubbles and promoting turbulence, thereby improving electrolysis efficiency and stability, and to a certain extent inhibiting scale deposition.

[0069] In this embodiment, the length direction of the insulating mesh 4 is vertical, which is basically consistent with the flow direction of the water in the electrode chamber 110. The water flowing from bottom to top can conveniently provide the insulating mesh 4, which has a triangular wave structure in the vertical direction, with the force of its expansion and contraction.

[0070] Example 2:

[0071] like Figure 5 The image shows a second preferred embodiment of the electrolytic cell of the present invention. The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that:

[0072] In this embodiment, the length direction of the insulating mesh 4 is the left-right direction, which is basically perpendicular to the flow direction of the water in the electrode chamber 110. That is to say, the insulating mesh 4 has a triangular wave structure along the left-right direction.

[0073] Example 3:

[0074] like Figure 6 The image shows a third preferred embodiment of the electrolytic cell of the present invention. The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that:

[0075] In this embodiment, the groove 1 is assembled from a frame 10 and two covers 11 located on the front and rear sides of the frame 10. The two covers 11 and the frame 10 together form a closed inner cavity. Two annular sealing gaskets 12 are sandwiched between the two opposite end faces of each cover 11 and the frame 10.

[0076] There are two diaphragms 2. One diaphragm 2 is a cation exchange membrane, with its periphery sandwiched between two annular sealing gaskets 12 located at the front. The other diaphragm 2 is an anion exchange membrane, with its periphery sandwiched between two annular sealing gaskets 12 located at the rear. The two diaphragms 2 divide the inner cavity of the tank body 1 into two electrode chambers 110 and an intermediate chamber 100. The electrode chamber 110 located between the front cover 11 and the front diaphragm 2 is designated as the cathode chamber 110a. The electrode chamber 110 located between the rear cover 11 and the rear diaphragm 2 is designated as the anode chamber 110b. The space between the frame 10 and the two diaphragms 2 is the intermediate chamber 100. Each cover 11 has a first liquid inlet 111 and a first liquid outlet 112 that communicate with the corresponding electrode chamber 110 at its lower and upper parts, respectively. The frame 10 has a second liquid inlet 101 and a second liquid outlet 102 that communicate with the intermediate chamber 100 at its lower and upper parts, respectively.

[0077] Example 4:

[0078] like Figures 7 to 11 The image shows a fourth preferred embodiment of the electrolytic cell of the present invention. The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that:

[0079] In this embodiment, the electrolytic cell also includes a drive mechanism 5.

[0080] There are a pair of drive mechanisms 5, which correspond one-to-one with the electrode chambers 110. Each drive mechanism 5 includes a pull rod 51 and a drive element 52.

[0081] Specifically, the bottom end of the pull rod 51 has a fixed rod 511 extending in the left and right direction. The free end of the unit strip 41 located at the head of the insulating mesh 4 is suspended in the air. The unit strip 41 located at the tail of the insulating mesh 4 is hooked on the fixed rod 511 by the mounting part 412. The pull rod 51 passes through the corresponding cover 11 from bottom to top and is exposed on the top wall of the cover 11. It is sealed with the corresponding cover 11 by the sealing ring 512.

[0082] The driving component 52 is an electric push rod, which is installed on the outside of the corresponding cover 11 and has a telescopic rod 521 that can extend and retract in the vertical direction. The telescopic rod 521 is connected to the top end of the pull rod 51. In this embodiment, all driving mechanisms 5 share the same driving component 52.

[0083] In this way, the drive unit 52 is activated, which drives the telescopic rod 521 to extend and retract. The top of each insulating mesh 4 can be moved along the extension and retraction direction of the insulating mesh 4 by the pull rod 51, thereby adjusting the extension and retraction degree of the insulating mesh 4.

[0084] Example 5:

[0085] like Figure 12The image shows a second preferred embodiment of the electrolytic cell of the present invention. The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 4 is that:

[0086] In this embodiment, the length direction of the insulating mesh 4 is the left-right direction, which is basically perpendicular to the flow direction of the water in the electrode chamber 110. That is to say, the insulating mesh 4 has a triangular wave structure along the left-right direction.

[0087] Taking Example 1 as an example, its working principle is as follows: During operation, the electrolyte enters the electrode chamber 110 through the first inlet 111. A reduction reaction occurs at the interface between the cathode plate 3a and the solution, and an oxidation reaction occurs at the interface between the anode plate 3b and the solution to produce electrolyzed water. During the electrolysis process, the insulating mesh 4 can expand and contract and move freely under the action of water flow. First, the insulating mesh 4 is separated between the diaphragm 2 and the electrode plate 3, which can effectively prevent the diaphragm 2 from contacting the electrode plate 3 and causing dry burning. Second, the mesh 411 of the insulating mesh 4 forms local micro-turbulence, and the movement of the insulating mesh 4 forms dynamic turbulence, which can accelerate exhaust, inhibit scale deposition, and accelerate ion transfer. Third, the thickness of the insulating mesh 4 will increase under compression so that its scraping part 410 can rub against the adjacent diaphragm 2 or electrode plate 3, thereby realizing the scraping and descaling function on the surface of the electrode plate 3 and the diaphragm 2.

[0088] The advantages of this invention are as follows:

[0089] (1) By adding an insulating mesh 4 between the diaphragm 2 and the electrode 3, the diaphragm 2 is supported and isolated for protection. The insulating mesh 4 is designed as a dynamic insulating mesh with a triangular wave structure. The dynamic turbulence formed by the movement of the insulating mesh 4, the local turbulence formed by the mesh of the insulating mesh 4, and the scraping effect formed by the contact with the wall surface during movement greatly accelerate the discharge of air bubbles in the electrode 3, the diaphragm 2 and the water circuit of the electrolytic cell. Compared with the currently commonly used method of designing an exhaust port on the electrolytic cell, which requires additional sealing design and other auxiliary exhaust design, this accelerated exhaust method has a better exhaust effect, a simpler structure, and controllable cost, making it very suitable for small electrolytic cells.

[0090] (2) The dynamic turbulence formed by the movement of the insulating mesh 4 and the local turbulence formed by the mesh of the insulating mesh 4 are used to prevent scale deposition. The scraping action formed by the contact wall surface further plays a descaling role. Compared with the commonly used positive and negative electrode switching descaling method, it does not require the positive and negative electrodes to have a catalytic coating that can participate in the positive electrode reaction and frequent positive and negative electrode switching. It has lower cost, simpler structure, lower requirements for electrical control, and guaranteed electrode life.

[0091] (3) By utilizing the dynamic turbulence formed by the movement of the insulating mesh 4 and the local turbulence formed by the mesh openings of the insulating mesh 4, the diffusion and transfer of ions are accelerated, thereby improving the pH value and stability of the effluent.

Claims

1. An electrolytic cell comprising a cell body (1) and a diaphragm (2) arranged in the cell body (1), the diaphragm (2) separating the interior of the cell body (1) into at least two electrode compartments (110), each electrode compartment (110) being provided with an electrode sheet (3), characterized in that: At least one of the electrode chambers (110) is provided with an insulating screen (4) for separating the adjacent diaphragm (2) and electrode sheet (3), the insulating screen (4) has a plurality of screen holes (411) for fluid passing through; At least one surface of the insulating screen (4) is in a wavy structure along the length direction thereof; The insulating screen (4) can move or deform relative to the tank (1); The part of the tank (1) corresponding to each of the electrode chambers (110) is provided with a first liquid inlet (111) and a first liquid outlet (112) penetrating the electrode chamber (110).

2. The electrolytic cell of claim 1, wherein: The wavy structure is a triangular wave or a sine wave.

3. The electrolytic cell of claim 2, wherein: The peak or trough of the insulating screen (4) forms a scraping part (410) capable of rubbing contact with the adjacent diaphragm (2) or electrode sheet (3).

4. The electrolytic cell of claim 1, wherein: The insulating screen (4) is an elastic member capable of stretching and contracting along the length direction thereof.

5. The electrolytic cell of claim 4, wherein: The insulating screen (4) is in a foldable wavy structure.

6. The electrolytic cell of claim 5, wherein: The insulating screen (4) includes at least two unit strips (41) arranged in sequence along the length direction thereof, the unit strips (41) are provided with the screen holes (411), the odd-numbered unit strips (41) are recorded as first unit strips (41a) in the arrangement direction, the even-numbered unit strips (41) are recorded as second unit strips (41b) in the arrangement direction, the first side edge of the previous first unit strip (41a) is connected with the first side edge of the subsequent second unit strip (41b), the second side edge of the previous second unit strip (41b) is connected with the second side edge of the subsequent first unit strip (41a), the adjacent two unit strips (41) have an included angle and can be opened and closed relative to each other.

7. The electrolytic cell of claim 6, wherein: The folding edge between the adjacent two unit strips (41) forms a scraping part (410) capable of rubbing contact with the adjacent diaphragm (2) or electrode sheet (3).

8. The electrolytic cell of claim 4, wherein: Both ends of the insulating screen (4) along the length direction thereof are freely suspended; or Both ends of the insulating screen (4) along the length direction thereof are fixed relative to the tank (1); or The first end of the insulating screen (4) along the length direction thereof is fixed relative to the tank (1), and the second end is freely suspended.

9. The electrolytic cell of claim 8, wherein: The stretching direction of the insulating screen (4) is basically consistent with the flow direction of the water flow in the electrode chamber (110).

10. The electrolytic cell of claim 1, wherein: The insulating screen (4) is a flexible member, and only one end is freely suspended, so that it freely swings under the action of the water flow.

11. The electrolytic cell of claim 10, wherein: The first end of the insulating screen (4) is freely suspended, and the electrolytic tank further includes a driving mechanism (5) for driving the second end of the insulating screen (4) to move.

12. The electrolytic cell of claim 11, wherein: The insulating screen (4) is an elastic member capable of stretching and contracting along the length direction thereof, the power output end of the driving mechanism (5) is connected with the second end of the insulating screen (4), so that the second end of the insulating screen (4) moves along the stretching direction of the insulating screen (4), so as to adjust the stretching degree of the insulating screen (4).

13. The electrolytic cell of claim 12, wherein: The insulating screen (4) is in a foldable wavy structure.

14. The electrolytic cell of claim 13, wherein: The insulation separating net (4) comprises at least two unit strips (41) arranged in sequence along the length direction, and a plurality of net holes (411) for fluid passing are arranged on the unit strips (41). The odd-numbered unit strips (41) are denoted as first unit strips (41a) and the even-numbered unit strips (41) are denoted as second unit strips (41b). The first side of the first unit strip (41a) is connected with the first side of the second unit strip (41b), the second side of the second unit strip (41b) is connected with the second side of the first unit strip (41a), and the adjacent two unit strips (41) have an included angle and can be opened and closed relative to each other.

15. The electrolytic cell of claim 14, wherein: The free end of the unit strip (41) at the head of the insulation separating net (4) is freely suspended; The driving mechanism (5) comprises a pull rod (51) having a fixed rod (511) at the first end, and the unit strip (41) at the tail of the insulation separating net (4) is limited on the fixed rod (511); and a driving member (52) having a telescopic rod (521) capable of being telescopically extended and retracted along the telescopic direction of the insulation separating net (4), and the telescopic rod (521) is connected with the second end of the pull rod (51).

16. The electrolytic cell of claim 15, wherein: The driving member (52) is installed on the outside of the tank body (1), and the pull rod (51) passes through the tank body (1) from the first end to the second end and is exposed to the outer wall of the tank body (1).

17. The electrolytic cell of claim 15, wherein: The number of the insulation separating nets (4) is at least two, the driving mechanism (5) corresponds to the insulation separating net (4) one by one, and all the driving mechanisms (5) share the same driving member (52).

18. The electrolytic cell of claim 12, wherein: The telescopic direction of the insulation separating net (4) is substantially perpendicular to the flow direction of the water flow in the electrode chamber (110).

19. The electrolytic cell of any one of claims 1 to 18, wherein: The porosity of the insulation separating net (4) is greater than 1%.

20. The electrolytic cell of claim 19, wherein: The porosity of the insulation separating net (4) is 40-60%.

21. The electrolytic cell of any one of claims 1 to 18, wherein: The number of the diaphragm (2) is one, and the inner cavity of the tank body (1) is divided into two electrode chambers (110), which are denoted as cathode chamber (110a) and anode chamber (110b). The number of the electrode sheets (3) is one pair, which are denoted as cathode sheet (3a) and anode sheet (3b). The cathode sheet (3a) is arranged in the cathode chamber (110a), and the anode sheet (3b) is arranged in the anode chamber (110b).

22. The electrolytic cell of any one of claims 1 to 18, wherein: The number of the diaphragm (2) is two and arranged side by side, and the inner cavity of the tank body (1) is divided into two electrode chambers (110) located on both sides of the two diaphragms (2) and an intermediate chamber (100) located between the two diaphragms (2). The two electrode chambers (110) are denoted as cathode chamber (110a) and anode chamber (110b). The number of the electrode sheets (3) is one pair, which are denoted as cathode sheet (3a) and anode sheet (3b). The cathode sheet (3a) is arranged in the cathode chamber (110a), and the anode sheet (3b) is arranged in the anode chamber (110b).

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