A ship collision prevention device based on multi-stage buckling energy dissipation of metal damper

Abstract

The application relates to a ship collision prevention device based on multi-stage buckling energy dissipation of metal dampers, and belongs to the field of bridge safety. The ship collision prevention device comprises a ring-shaped steel sleeve hoop and multiple steel floating boxes. The ring-shaped steel sleeve hoop is arranged around a bridge pier, and one end of the ring-shaped steel sleeve hoop close to the outer wall of the bridge pier is provided with a rubber fender. The steel floating boxes are arranged around the ring-shaped steel sleeve hoop and are connected to the ring-shaped steel sleeve hoop at intervals through connecting pieces. Adjacent two steel floating boxes are connected through metal dampers, and each steel floating box forms a ring-shaped structure surrounding the ring-shaped steel sleeve hoop. The metal dampers of the device have the function of multi-stage buckling energy dissipation. After the device is collided, the components of the metal dampers can be automatically reset, and the durability is relatively high. When overhauling is performed, the metal dampers only need to be replaced in time, and the overhauling is performed according to the wear conditions of the components. Therefore, the ship collision prevention device is convenient to maintain, and can provide a large degree of protection for the bridge pier through energy dissipation of all levels.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of bridge safety, and in particular to a ship collision prevention device based on multi-stage buckling energy dissipation of metal dampers. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of the shipping industry, the number, tonnage and speed of ships have increased significantly. However, ship-bridge collision accidents are becoming more and more serious. Ship collisions with bridges not only cause damage to bridge piers or ship structures, environmental pollution, cargo leakage, and casualties, but also bring irreparable losses to social and economic development. To ensure the safety of bridge structures and reduce damage to ships caused by collisions, various anti-collision devices have been developed. Most common anti-collision facilities on the market are elasto-plastic energy-dissipating types. For example, Chinese patent CN214061511U discloses a steel-UHPC combined anti-collision pontoon, which is composed of steel boxes and composite materials. This type of anti-collision device dissipates impact energy through plastic deformation, but it is easily damaged upon impact and cannot achieve good vibration reduction. Furthermore, due to its very limited impact buffer capacity, it can only prevent collisions with small vessels. It does not provide adequate protection against collisions with larger or faster-moving vessels. Moreover, the anti-collision device needs to be replaced entirely or partially after a collision, resulting in high maintenance costs and inconvenient maintenance. Therefore, it is necessary to design an anti-collision device that can reduce vibrations from collisions with both large and small vessels. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This application provides a ship collision protection device based on multi-stage buckling energy dissipation of metal dampers, in order to solve the problems of insufficient protection of bridge piers and inconvenient maintenance of protective devices in related technologies.

[0004] This application provides a ship collision avoidance device based on multi-stage buckling energy dissipation of metal dampers, comprising:

[0005] A ring-shaped steel sleeve is provided around the bridge pier, and a rubber fender is installed at one end of the ring-shaped steel sleeve near the outer wall of the bridge pier.

[0006] The steel pontoons are arranged around an annular steel sleeve and are connected to the annular steel sleeve at intervals by connectors. Adjacent steel pontoons are connected by metal dampers, and each steel pontoon forms an annular structure surrounding the annular steel sleeve.

[0007] In some embodiments, the metal damper includes two opposing connecting plates, a rubber energy-dissipating layer located between the two connecting plates, and a plurality of "U"-shaped energy-dissipating ring assemblies connected between the two connecting plates, distributed around the connecting plates, and partially exposed on the connecting plates, with the ends of the "U"-shaped energy-dissipating ring assemblies touching the rubber energy-dissipating layer.

[0008] In some embodiments, the "U"-shaped energy dissipation ring assembly includes a secondary "U"-shaped energy dissipation ring and a primary "U"-shaped energy dissipation ring connected to the secondary "U"-shaped energy dissipation ring and located inside the secondary "U"-shaped energy dissipation ring.

[0009] In some embodiments, the connecting plate has bolt connection holes, the metal damper and the two adjacent steel buoy sections are fixedly connected by bolts, and the connecting plate is connected to the "U"-shaped energy dissipation ring assembly by bolts.

[0010] In some embodiments, the annular steel sleeve comprises interconnected rectangular steel pipes, and the steel pipes are internally connected with transverse reinforcing ribs and diagonal reinforcing ribs.

[0011] In some embodiments, the steel buoy is provided with transverse and longitudinal partitions connected to the inner wall of the steel buoy, and the surface of the steel buoy away from the annular steel sleeve is provided with an elastic buffer energy-absorbing material.

[0012] In some embodiments, the elastic cushioning energy-absorbing material is rubber or polyurethane.

[0013] In some embodiments, the connector includes a universal joint support, a universal joint connected to the universal joint support, multiple support rods connected to the universal joint, and a connecting lug plate connected to the other end of the support rods. One end of the connector is welded and fixed to the annular steel sleeve through the connecting lug plate, and the other end is welded to the steel buoy through the universal joint support.

[0014] In some embodiments, the universal joint support is connected to the universal joint, the universal joint to the support rod, and the support rod to the connecting lug by bolts.

[0015] In some embodiments, the metal damper is made of mild steel.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the technical solution provided in this application include:

[0017] This application provides a ship collision prevention device based on multi-stage buckling energy dissipation of metal dampers. The ship collision prevention device includes an annular steel sleeve and multiple steel pontoons. The annular steel sleeve is disposed around the pier, and a rubber fender is installed at one end of the annular steel sleeve near the outer wall of the pier. The steel pontoons are disposed around the annular steel sleeve and are connected to the annular steel sleeve at intervals through connectors. Adjacent steel pontoons are connected by metal dampers, and each steel pontoon forms an annular structure surrounding the annular steel sleeve.

[0018] The metal damper of this device has a multi-stage buckling energy dissipation function. After the device is impacted, the components of the metal damper can automatically reset, exhibiting high durability. During maintenance, only the metal damper needs to be replaced promptly, and repairs are performed based on the wear and tear of each component. Therefore, this anti-ship collision device is easy to maintain and can provide a significant degree of protection for the bridge piers through its multi-stage energy dissipation. Attached Figure Description

[0019] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0020] Figure 1 Top view of the device provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0021] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the device provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0022] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the metal damper provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0023] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the connector provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0024] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the annular steel sleeve provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0025] Figure 6 This is a structural schematic diagram of the steel pontoon provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0026] Figure label:

[0027] 1. Rubber fender; 2. Annular steel sleeve; 21. Steel pipe; 22. Transverse reinforcing rib; 23. Diagonal reinforcing rib; 3. Steel buoy; 31. Longitudinal bulkhead; 32. Transverse bulkhead; 33. Elastic buffer energy-absorbing material; 4. Connecting parts; 41. Universal hinge support; 42. Universal hinge; 43. Support rod; 44. Connecting lug; 5. Metal damper; 51. Connecting plate; 52. Secondary "U"-shaped energy-absorbing ring; 53. Primary "U"-shaped energy-absorbing ring; 54. Bolt connection hole; 55. Rubber energy-absorbing layer. Detailed Implementation

[0028] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0029] This application provides a ship collision protection device based on multi-stage buckling energy dissipation of metal dampers, which can solve the problems of insufficient protection of bridge piers and inconvenient maintenance of protective devices in related technologies.

[0030] See Figures 1 to 6 As shown, this application provides a ship collision prevention device based on multi-stage buckling energy dissipation of metal dampers, including annular steel sleeve 2 and multiple steel pontoons 3. The annular steel sleeve 2 is disposed around the pier 0, and a rubber fender 1 is installed at one end of the annular steel sleeve 2 near the outer wall of the pier 0. The steel pontoons 3 are disposed around the annular steel sleeve 2 and are connected to the annular steel sleeve 2 at intervals through connectors 4. Adjacent steel pontoons 3 are connected by metal dampers 5, and each steel pontoon 3 forms an annular structure surrounding the annular steel sleeve 2.

[0031] In some applications, the metal damper 5 includes two opposing connecting plates 51, a rubber energy-dissipating layer 55 located between the two connecting plates 51, and a plurality of "U"-shaped energy-dissipating ring assemblies connected between the two connecting plates 51, distributed around the connecting plates 51, and partially exposed on the connecting plates 51, with the ends of the "U"-shaped energy-dissipating ring assemblies touching the rubber energy-dissipating layer 55.

[0032] The "U"-shaped energy dissipation ring assembly includes a secondary "U"-shaped energy dissipation ring 52 and a primary "U"-shaped energy dissipation ring 53 connected to and located inside the secondary "U"-shaped energy dissipation ring 52. Bolt connection holes 54 are provided on the connecting plate 51, and the metal damper 5 and the two adjacent steel floats 3 are fixedly connected by bolts. The connecting plate 51 is also bolted to the "U"-shaped energy dissipation ring assembly.

[0033] In practical use, the metal damper 5 can be made of mild steel. The size of the connecting plate 51 in the metal damper 5 is set according to the cross-sectional size of the steel pontoon 3. Its thickness is not less than twice the sum of the thicknesses of the secondary "U"-shaped energy dissipation ring 52 and the primary "U"-shaped energy dissipation ring 53. The number of bolt connection holes 54 in the connecting plate 51 is not less than the number of "U"-shaped energy dissipation rings and is evenly distributed on the connecting plate 51.

[0034] As the thickness or width of the secondary "U"-shaped energy dissipation ring 52 and the primary "U"-shaped energy dissipation ring 53 in the metal damper 5 increases, the plastic deformation capacity of the metal damper 5 will be improved. The thickness of both the secondary "U"-shaped energy dissipation ring 52 and the primary "U"-shaped energy dissipation ring 53 in the metal damper 5 does not exceed 100 mm; the width of both the secondary "U"-shaped energy dissipation ring 52 and the primary "U"-shaped energy dissipation ring 53 does not exceed 5 times their thickness.

[0035] As the height or straight section length of the secondary "U"-shaped energy-dissipating ring 52 and the primary "U"-shaped energy-dissipating ring 53 in the metal damper 5 decreases, the plastic deformation capacity of the metal damper 5 will increase. The height of the secondary "U"-shaped energy-dissipating ring 52 and the primary "U"-shaped energy-dissipating ring 53 in the metal damper 5 is set according to the connection gap of the steel pontoon 3; the straight section length of the secondary "U"-shaped energy-dissipating ring 52 and the primary "U"-shaped energy-dissipating ring 53 in the metal damper 5 does not exceed the side length of the connecting plate 51.

[0036] When the metal damper 5 is impacted by ships of different tonnages, the first-stage "U"-shaped energy dissipation ring 53 of the metal damper 5 will deform and dissipate energy, or the second-stage "U"-shaped energy dissipation ring 52 will yield. As the ship's impact displacement increases, the hysteresis area of ​​the metal damper 5 will gradually increase, and its equivalent damping ratio will gradually increase.

[0037] Specifically, when the anti-collision device is struck by a small-tonnage vessel, the first-stage "U"-shaped energy-dissipating ring 53 of the metal damper 5 deforms to dissipate energy; when the anti-collision device is struck by a large-tonnage vessel, the first-stage "U"-shaped energy-dissipating ring 53 and the second-stage "U"-shaped energy-dissipating ring 52 of the metal damper 5 deform together to dissipate energy, achieving multi-stage buckling energy dissipation, playing a greater role in vibration reduction, providing greater protection for the bridge pier, and at the same time, enabling the vessel to be less impacted under the protection of vibration reduction.

[0038] In actual use, when a ship is hit by a collision, the steel buoy 3 rotates around the universal joint 42 on the connector, causing the metal damper 5 to buckle and dissipate energy, thus reducing the impact force on the anti-collision device. After the collision, the metal damper 5 can automatically return to its initial state with the assistance of the rubber energy dissipation layer 55. During this process, structural damage is usually concentrated in the metal damper 5, which is convenient for later maintenance and replacement.

[0039] The rubber energy dissipation layer 55 is a cubic rubber block that touches the end of the "U"-shaped energy dissipation ring. Since the structure of the rubber energy dissipation layer 55 is a cubic rubber block, it has an automatic reset function after being impacted and deformed. It can gradually return to its original working state and drive the "U"-shaped energy dissipation ring that works with it to reset, making the metal damper 5 more durable.

[0040] After multiple collisions, the U-shaped energy dissipation rings at each level can be replaced in a timely manner based on their wear and tear to maintain the anti-collision device, restore its normal operation, facilitate maintenance, and reduce maintenance costs.

[0041] In some alternative embodiments, see Figures 3 to 6 As shown, this application embodiment provides a ship collision prevention device based on multi-stage buckling energy dissipation of metal dampers. The steel buoy 3 is provided with a transverse partition 32 and a longitudinal partition 31 connected to the inner wall of the steel buoy 3. The surface of the steel buoy 3 away from the annular steel sleeve 2 is provided with an elastic buffer energy-absorbing material 33, which is made of rubber or polyurethane or other materials.

[0042] When a ship collides with this anti-collision device, it first touches the steel buoy 3 located at the outermost end of the device. The steel buoy 3 has transverse baffles 32 and longitudinal baffles 31 inside, and its surface is covered with elastic cushioning and energy-absorbing material 33, which can disperse stress and further reduce vibration and absorb energy. This mitigates the impact force on the steel buoy 3, protecting it. The steel buoy 3 has a certain rigidity and is unlikely to be damaged or deformed during a collision, making it quite durable.

[0043] In practical use, the annular steel sleeve 2 includes interconnected rectangular steel pipes 21, with transverse reinforcing ribs 22 and diagonal reinforcing ribs 23 connected inside the steel pipes 21. It has high rigidity and airtightness, so that the annular steel sleeve 2 will hardly deform when the ship hits the steel buoy 3. On the inner side of the annular steel sleeve 2, near the pier, a rubber fender 1 is installed to prevent the anti-collision device from floating up and down due to water level changes or shaking of the device when the water is flowing, which would cause wear to the pier.

[0044] In some alternative embodiments, see Figures 4 to 6As shown in the figure, this application provides a ship collision prevention device based on multi-stage buckling energy dissipation of metal dampers. In this device, a steel buoy 3 is disposed around an annular steel sleeve 2 and is connected to the annular steel sleeve 2 at intervals by connecting members 4. The connecting member 4 includes a universal joint 42 support 41, a universal joint 42 connected to the universal joint 42 support 41, multiple support rods 43 connected to the universal joint 42, and a connecting lug 44 connected to the other end of the support rods 43. One end of the connecting member 4 is welded and fixed to the annular steel sleeve 2 through the connecting lug 44, and the other end is welded to the steel buoy 3 through the universal joint 42 support 41. The universal joint 42 support 41 and the universal joint 42, the universal joint 42 and the support rods 43, and the support rods 43 and the connecting lug 44 are all connected by bolts.

[0045] When the anti-ship collision device is impacted, the two ends of the connector 4 are firmly welded to the steel sleeve and each section of the steel pontoon 3. Through the setting of the universal joint 42, the multiple degrees of freedom of the steel pontoon 3 can be released, so that the steel pontoon 3 can rotate freely around the universal joint 42 after being impacted by a ship. This causes the metal damper 5 to deform and dissipate energy, resulting in a good vibration reduction effect and a more obvious protective effect on the bridge pier.

[0046] In general, when a ship collides with the anti-collision device, it first collides with the steel buoy 3 located on the outermost side of the device. Under the action of the elastic buffer energy-absorbing material 33 on the surface of the steel buoy 3, a certain degree of vibration reduction and energy absorption is achieved. The steel buoy 3 and the annular steel sleeve 2 are connected and fixed by the connector 4. The connector 4 is equipped with a universal hinge 42. Therefore, when the steel buoy 3 is impacted, it will swing to a certain extent under the action of the universal hinge 42.

[0047] At this point, the two adjacent steel pontoons 3 are connected by a metal damper 5. The metal damper 5 is equipped with a U-shaped energy dissipation ring assembly. When impacted by a small-tonnage vessel, the first-stage U-shaped energy dissipation ring 53 of the metal damper 5 deforms to dissipate energy. When the anti-collision device is impacted by a large-tonnage vessel, the first-stage U-shaped energy dissipation ring 53 and the second-stage U-shaped energy dissipation ring 52 of the metal damper 5 deform together to dissipate energy, achieving multi-stage buckling energy dissipation and providing a greater vibration reduction effect. Furthermore, a rubber fender 1 is installed between the annular steel sleeve 2 and the pier to prevent wear on the pier caused by the swaying of the anti-collision device due to water flow.

[0048] After a collision, the device only requires timely replacement of the various levels of the "U"-shaped energy dissipation rings of the metal damper 5, and maintenance can be carried out according to the wear and tear of each component. This makes maintenance convenient and can provide a greater degree of protection to the bridge pier through energy dissipation at each level.

[0049] In the description of this application, it should be noted that the terms "upper," "lower," etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this application. Unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installed," "connected," and "linked" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication between two elements. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in this application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0050] It should be noted that in this application, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used merely to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0051] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, enabling those skilled in the art to understand or implement this application. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of this application. Therefore, this application is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features claimed herein.

Claims

1. A ship collision prevention device based on multi-stage buckling energy dissipation of metal dampers, characterized in that, include: Annular steel sleeve (2) is provided around the pier (0), and a rubber fender (1) is installed at one end of the annular steel sleeve (2) near the outer wall of the pier (0). Multiple steel pontoons (3) are arranged around the annular steel hoop (2) and are connected to the annular steel hoop (2) at intervals by connectors (4). Adjacent steel pontoons (3) are connected by metal dampers (5), and each steel pontoon (3) forms an annular structure surrounding the annular steel hoop (2). The metal damper (5) includes two oppositely arranged connecting plates (51), a rubber energy dissipation layer (55) located between the two connecting plates (51), and a plurality of "U"-shaped energy dissipation ring assemblies connected between the two connecting plates (51), distributed around the connecting plates (51), and partially exposed on the connecting plates (51), with the ends of the "U"-shaped energy dissipation ring assemblies touching the rubber energy dissipation layer (55). The "U"-shaped energy dissipation ring assembly includes a secondary "U"-shaped energy dissipation ring (52) and a primary "U"-shaped energy dissipation ring (53) connected to the secondary "U"-shaped energy dissipation ring (52) and located inside the secondary "U"-shaped energy dissipation ring (52). The connector (4) includes a universal hinge support (41), a universal hinge (42) connected to the universal hinge support (41), multiple support rods (43) connected to the universal hinge (42), and a connecting lug (44) connected to the other end of the support rods (43). One end of the connector (4) is welded and fixed to the annular steel sleeve (2) through the connecting lug (44), and the other end is welded to the steel pontoon (3) through the universal hinge support (41).

2. The anti-ship collision device based on multi-stage buckling energy dissipation of metal dampers as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The connecting plate (51) has bolt connection holes (54), the metal damper (5) and the two adjacent steel pontoons (3) are fixedly connected by bolts, and the connecting plate (51) is connected to the "U"-shaped energy dissipation ring assembly by bolts.

3. The anti-collision device based on multi-stage buckling energy dissipation of metal dampers as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The annular steel sleeve (2) includes interconnected rectangular steel pipes (21), and the steel pipes (21) are connected with transverse reinforcing ribs (22) and diagonal reinforcing ribs (23).

4. The anti-collision device based on multi-stage buckling energy dissipation of metal dampers as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The steel pontoon (3) is provided with a transverse partition (32) and a longitudinal partition (31) connected to the inner wall of the steel pontoon (3), and an elastic buffer energy-absorbing material (33) is provided on the surface of the steel pontoon (3) away from the annular steel sleeve (2).

5. A ship collision prevention device based on multi-stage buckling energy dissipation of metal dampers as described in claim 4, characterized in that: The elastic buffer energy-absorbing material (33) is rubber or polyurethane.

6. A ship collision prevention device based on multi-stage buckling energy dissipation of metal dampers as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The universal joint support (41) and the universal joint (42), the universal joint (42) and the support rod (43), and the support rod (43) and the connecting lug (44) are all connected by bolts.

7. A ship collision prevention device based on multi-stage buckling energy dissipation of metal dampers as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The metal damper (5) is made of mild steel.

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