Rock square operation area mining device and method based on high-voltage pulse discharge

Abstract

The application provides a rock square operation area mining device and method based on high-voltage pulse discharge, relates to the rock breaking technical field, and comprises a first electrode and four second electrodes, wherein the four second electrodes are uniformly distributed around the first electrode; the first electrode comprises a first fixed column, a first extension column is arranged on the side of the first fixed column every 90 degrees, and the tail end of the first extension column is connected with a first telescopic column; the side of the second fixed column is connected with two second extension columns and a third extension column, the tail end of the second electrode extension column is connected with a second telescopic column, the tail end of the third electrode extension column is connected with a third telescopic column, and the third telescopic column is telescopic along the direction of the third electrode extension column. The application provides a rock square operation area mining device based on high-voltage pulse discharge, simplifies the structure of the pulse discharge device, reduces the equipment cost, and improves the equipment reliability.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of rock breaking, in particular, especially relates to a rock square operation area mining device and method based on high-voltage pulse discharge. BACKGROUND

[0002] Rock breaking is a process and theory of making part of the rock mass separate from the parent body and break into rock blocks. The common schemes of rock breaking include explosive breaking method and mechanical breaking method.

[0003] In the existing common rock breaking scheme, the explosive breaking method uses high-energy explosives to fragment the rock mass or large rock into small pieces to open up the operation space or obtain small-volume ore. The mechanical breaking method uses large machinery to break the rock, which is effective when the rock strength is not high. However, the existing rock breaking scheme has certain deficiencies. The explosive breaking method needs to use explosives, but the explosives are strictly controlled, have high safety risks, and pollute the environment. When hard rock mass is encountered, the mechanical breaking method has very low efficiency and serious breaking tool loss. For the shape control of the drilling face after rock breaking, the explosive breaking method cannot accurately control the shape of the drilling face, and the mechanical breaking method has a complex process and difficult operation to form a square mining face.

[0004] CN112044569B discloses a combined multi-electrode high-voltage pulse discharge hard rock fragmentation device and breaking method, which breaks the rock by drilling holes in the rock and inserting electrodes for discharge. However, this rock breaking method has certain deficiencies. CN112044569B must drill holes in the rock before breaking the rock, which is a complicated process. CN112044569B does not use a liquid environment when breaking the rock, and the broken rock debris cannot be efficiently recovered by liquid flow, which cannot realize continuous mining to the deep part. SUMMARY

[0005] In view of the technical problem that the existing rock breaking scheme cannot control the drilling face after rock breaking, a rock square operation area mining device and method based on high-voltage pulse discharge are provided. Based on the high-voltage pulse discharge rock breaking technology, the square drilling face is generated by electrode shape and arrangement design, which is convenient for splicing and expansion, and the formed operation area is friendly, which can meet the needs of different process scenes.

[0006] The technical means adopted by the present application are as follows:

[0007] A rock square operation area mining device based on high-voltage pulse discharge, comprising a first electrode and four second electrodes, the four second electrodes are uniformly distributed around the first electrode;

[0008] The first electrode comprises a first fixed column, the side of the first fixed column is provided with a first extension column every 90 degrees, the end of the first extension column is connected with a first telescopic column, and the first telescopic column is telescopic along the direction of the first extension column.

[0009] The second electrode comprises a second fixed column, the side of the second fixed column is connected with two second extension columns and a third extension column, the two second extension columns are perpendicular to each other, the third extension column is arranged along the bisector of the included angle between the two second extension columns, the end of the second electrode extension column is connected with a second telescopic column, the second telescopic column is telescopic along the direction of the second electrode extension column, the end of the third electrode extension column is connected with a third telescopic column, the third telescopic column is telescopic along the direction of the third electrode extension column, and the third extension column points to the included angle between the two first extension columns.

[0010] Further, when the first electrode is a positive electrode, the second electrode is a negative electrode; when the first electrode is a negative electrode, the second electrode is a positive electrode.

[0011] Further, the front end surface of the first extension column is provided with a mounting hole, the mounting hole is connected with the first telescopic column through a mounting shaft, the front end surface of the second extension column is provided with a mounting hole, and the mounting hole is connected with the second telescopic column through a mounting shaft.

[0012] Further, the shape of the front end of the first telescopic column, the second telescopic column and the third telescopic column is one of a straight line type, a T type or an arc shape.

[0013] Further, the first electrode and the second electrode are connected with a square capacitor and are designed in an integrated manner, when the first electrode is a positive electrode, the surface of the first electrode is in a frosted or granular shape; when the second electrode is a positive electrode, the surface of the second electrode is in a frosted or granular shape.

[0014] The application also provides a rock square operation area mining method based on high-voltage pulse discharge, which is realized based on the rock square operation area mining device based on high-voltage pulse discharge.

[0015] The telescopic column is mounted on the extension column, and the length of the telescopic column is adjusted;

[0016] The square capacitor is powered to the first electrode, at this time, the first electrode is a positive electrode, and the second electrode is a negative electrode;

[0017] The rock square operation area mining device is arranged above the rock mass to be broken, the first electrode and the second electrode are in contact with the surface of the rock mass to be broken, and flowing insulating liquid is arranged around the rock square operation area mining device.

[0018] Charging the square capacitor to the first electrode, the potential difference between the first electrode and the second electrode gradually increases, and reaches the breakdown voltage;

[0019] The plasma channel is formed in the to-be-broken rock mass, the plasma channel expands to work to make the to-be-broken rock mass break into rock fragments, the rock fragments are discharged along with the flowing insulating liquid, and the rock fragments are stripped to form a cavity;

[0020] The discharge is continued, a new plasma channel is formed in the to-be-broken rock mass, and the above steps are cycled until the to-be-broken rock mass is broken at the surface contacted by the first electrode and the second electrode, and the rock square operation area mining device is sunk;

[0021] The first electrode and the second electrode contact the surface of the new to-be-broken rock mass, and the above steps are cycled until all the to-be-broken rock mass is broken and mining is completed.

[0022] Further, when the cavity is formed, the insulating liquid is injected into the cavity; the insulating liquid sinks along with the rock square operation area mining device; the rock fragments are extracted along with the insulating liquid, and the insulating liquid with the rock fragments is separated from the liquid and injected into the electrode operation position.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following advantages:

[0024] The present application designs the arrangement mode of the high-voltage pulse drilling device electrode, adopts the electrode number setting of one positive and multiple negative or one negative and multiple positive, and the square arrangement of the peripheral electrode; the second electrode of the present application adopts a "T" shape to effectively expand the contact area of a single electrode with the rock, so that each contact electrode part of different rocks can be fully broken.

[0025] The present application designs a capacitor electrode integrated square narrow pulse square drilling front end structure; the capacitor electrode integration can effectively shorten the capacitor discharge current rise time, and compared with the conventional scheme of reducing the discharge rise time by using a coaxial cable and improving the single discharge pulse power, the present application is easier to realize and has lower cost.

[0026] The distance between the positive and negative electrodes of the electrode group designed by the present application is adjustable, and the distance between the positive and negative electrodes is completely used to control the single high-voltage pulse output energy and the single rock breaking mode, without setting an additional high-voltage discharge switch, so as to simplify the equipment mechanism and improve the equipment reliability. The rock breaking energy of the present application is adjustable, the breaking mode is adjustable, the energy release of the present application can be adjusted by the voltage output of the pulse device to cause different breaking effects such as cracks, fragments and powder. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0027] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed in the embodiments or prior art description. Obviously, the drawings described in the following embodiments are only some embodiments of the present application, not all embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is actually only illustrative, but not as any limitation on the present application and its application or use. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor are within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0028] Figure 1 The electrode arrangement diagram of the present application.

[0029] Figure 2 The first electrode structure diagram of the present application.

[0030] Figure 3 The second electrode structure diagram of the present application.

[0031] Figure 4 The first rock breaking schematic diagram of the present application.

[0032] Figure 5 The second rock breaking schematic diagram of the present application.

[0033] In the figure: 1, first electrode; 2, second electrode; 3, first fixed column; 4, first extension column; 5, first telescopic column; 6, second fixed column; 7, second extension column; 8, third extension column; 9, second telescopic column; 10, third telescopic column; 11, mounting hole; 12, mounting shaft; 13, square capacitor; 14, rock mass to be broken; 15, insulating liquid; 16, rock fragments; 17, empty area; 18, insulating liquid flow direction; 19, fastening screw hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] It should be noted that the embodiments in the present application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict. The present application will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings and in combination with the embodiments.

[0035] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application more clear, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely below in combination with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present application, not all embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is actually only illustrative, but not as any limitation on the present application and its application or use. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor are within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0036] It is to be understood that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of example embodiments in accordance with the present application. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It will be further understood that the terms "comprises" and / or "comprising," when used in this specification, specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, elements, components, and / or groups thereof, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, steps, operations, elements, components, and / or groups thereof.

[0037] The relative arrangement of parts and steps, numerical expressions, and numerical values set forth in the examples are not intended to limit the scope of the application unless otherwise specifically stated. It is to be understood that the drawings are not necessarily to scale of the actual proportions used in the fabrication of the various parts. Techniques, methods, and apparatus known to those of ordinary skill in the relevant art can not be discussed in detail, but should be considered as if the techniques, methods, and apparatus were discussed in detail herein. All examples shown and discussed herein are intended to be exemplary and non-limiting. Thus, other examples of example embodiments can have different values. It is noted that like numbers and letters on the figures identify like parts throughout the several figures, and thus, further discussion of the same will not be repeated.

[0038] In addition, it should be noted that the use of "first", "second", and the like words of comparison are used only to distinguish one part from another, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present application, unless otherwise specifically stated, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present application.

[0039] As shown in Figures 1-3 The present application provides a rock square operation area mining device based on high-voltage pulse discharge, which comprises a first electrode 1 and four second electrodes 2, and the four second electrodes 2 are uniformly distributed around the first electrode 1.

[0040] The first electrode 1 comprises a first fixed column 3, a first extension column 4 is arranged on the side surface of the first fixed column 3 every 90°, the end of the first extension column 4 is connected with a first telescopic column 5, and the first telescopic column 5 is telescopic along the direction of the first extension column 4; a mounting hole 11 is arranged on the front end surface of the first extension column 4, the mounting hole 11 is connected with the first telescopic column 5 through a mounting shaft 12, and a jack-in and jack-out connection mode is adopted. A fastening thread hole 19 is arranged on the extension column, and a screw rod extrusion type fixing mode is adopted for fixing. The discharge electrode adopts a fixed end-telescopic end structure, and the electrode spacing can be flexibly adjusted.

[0041] The second electrode 2 comprises a second fixed column 6, the side of which is connected with two second extending columns 7 and a third extending column 8, the two second extending columns 7 are perpendicular to each other, the third extending column 8 is arranged along the bisector of the included angle of the two second extending columns 7, the end of the second electrode 2 extending column is connected with a second telescopic column 9 which is telescopic along the direction of the second electrode 2 extending column, the end of the third electrode extending column is connected with a third telescopic column 10 which is telescopic along the direction of the third electrode extending column, the third extending column 8 points to the included angle of the two first extending columns 4. The front end surface of the second extending column 7 is provided with a mounting hole 11, the mounting hole 11 is connected with the second telescopic column 9 through a mounting shaft 12. The rock breaking energy of the present application can be adjusted, the breaking form can be adjusted, the energy release of the present application can be adjusted through the voltage output of the pulse device, different breaking effects such as cracks, fragments and powders are caused.

[0042] When the first electrode 1 is a positive electrode, the second electrode 2 is a negative electrode; when the first electrode 1 is a negative electrode, the second electrode 2 is a positive electrode.

[0043] The shape of the front end of the first telescopic column 5, the second telescopic column 9 and the third telescopic column 10 is one of a straight line type, a T type or an arc shape. The material is a conductor such as red copper, brass, stainless steel, tungsten copper alloy and the like, and the conductor is preferably firm and wear-resistant.

[0044] The first electrode 1 and the second electrode 2 are connected with a square capacitor 13 and are designed in an integrated manner, when the first electrode 1 is a positive electrode, the surface of the first electrode 1 is a frosted or granular sharp end; when the second electrode 2 is a positive electrode, the surface of the second electrode 2 is a frosted or granular sharp end. In order to improve the local electric field strength of the electrode and reduce the difficulty of breakdown.

[0045] As shown in Figures 4-5 A rock square operation area mining method based on high-voltage pulse discharge, a rock square operation area mining device based on high-voltage pulse discharge is realized, comprising the following steps:

[0046] The telescopic column is installed on the extending column, and the length of the telescopic column is adjusted to the desired electrode length;

[0047] The square capacitor 13 is powered to the first electrode, at this time the first electrode 1 is a positive electrode and the second electrode 2 is a negative electrode;

[0048] The rock square operation area mining device is arranged above the rock mass to be broken, the first electrode 1 and the second electrode 2 are in contact with the surface of the rock mass to be broken, and a flowing insulating liquid 15 is arranged around the rock square operation area mining device;

[0049] The square capacitor 13 is charged to the first electrode 1, and the potential difference between the first electrode 1 and the second electrode 2 gradually increases to the breakdown voltage;

[0050] Since the electrodes are immersed in the insulating liquid 15, the insulating liquid 15 is more difficult to break down than the rock. In the rock between the multiple positive and negative electrode pairs, the ion channel is formed between the two positive and negative electrodes that are most likely to break down, and the plasma channel is formed in the rock to be broken 14, which expands to work to make the rock to be broken 14 break into rock fragments 16, which are discharged with the flowing insulating liquid 15, and the rock fragments 16 are stripped to form a void 17, and the previous discharge electrode is suspended in the insulating liquid 15 in the void 17 without contacting the rock. At this time, the primary discharge is complete.

[0051] Secondary discharge, new plasma channels are formed in the rock to be broken 14, and the above steps are repeated until the rock surface contacted by the first electrode 1 and the second electrode 2 is broken, and the rock square working area mining device is lowered;

[0052] The first electrode 1 and the second electrode 2 contact the surface of the new rock to be broken 14, and the above steps are repeated until all the rock to be broken 14 is broken and the mining is completed.

[0053] Due to the expansion of the plasma channel and the propagation of the shock wave formed by it in the insulating liquid 15, the rock outside the rectangular frame formed by the electrode corners will also be damaged to a certain extent, so when the capacitor electrode moves downward along the working surface, the insulating liquid 15 will also continue to move downward. In addition, the insulating liquid 15 and the rock fragments 16 can be brought to the ground surface by continuously extracting the insulating liquid 15, and after liquid-solid separation, the insulating liquid 15 can be continuously injected into the electrode working position for recycling. The insulating liquid flow direction 18 is shown in Figure 4 and 5 .

[0054] Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, and are not limited thereto; although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that: it can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments, or make equivalent replacement to part or all of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application.

Claims

1. A rock square work area mining device based on high-voltage pulse discharge, characterized in that: It comprises a first electrode (1) and four second electrodes (2), and the four second electrodes (2) are evenly distributed around the first electrode (1); The first electrode (1) comprises a first fixed column (3), and a first extension column (4) is arranged on the side of the first fixed column (3) every 90°, and a first telescopic column (5) is connected to the end of the first extension column (4), and the first telescopic column (5) is telescopic along the first extension column (4); The second electrode (2) comprises a second fixed column (6), and two second extension columns (7) and a third extension column (8) are connected to the side of the second fixed column (6), the two second extension columns (7) are perpendicular to each other, the third extension column (8) is arranged along the bisector of the included angle between the two second extension columns (7), a second telescopic column (9) is connected to the end of the second extension column (7), the second telescopic column (9) is telescopic along the second extension column (7), a third telescopic column (10) is connected to the end of the third extension column (8), the third telescopic column (10) is telescopic along the third extension column (8), and the third extension column (8) points to the included angle between the two first extension columns (4).

2. The high-voltage pulse discharge-based rock square work area excavation apparatus according to claim 1, characterized by, When the first electrode (1) is a positive electrode, the second electrode (2) is a negative electrode; when the first electrode (1) is a negative electrode, the second electrode (2) is a positive electrode.

3. The high-voltage pulse discharge-based rock square work area excavation apparatus according to claim 1, characterized by, A mounting hole (11) is arranged on the front end face of the first extension column (4), and the mounting hole (11) is connected to the first telescopic column (5) through a mounting shaft (12); a mounting hole (11) is arranged on the front end face of the second extension column (7), and the mounting hole (11) is connected to the second telescopic column (9) through a mounting shaft (12).

4. The high-voltage pulse discharge-based rock square operation zone excavation apparatus according to claim 1, characterized by, The shape of the front end of the first telescopic column (5), the second telescopic column (9) and the third telescopic column (10) is one of a straight line, a T-shaped line or an arc.

5. The high-voltage pulse discharge-based rock square operation zone mining device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first electrode (1) and the second electrode (2) are connected to a square capacitor (13) and are designed in an integrated manner, when the first electrode (1) is a positive electrode, the surface of the first electrode (1) is in a ground glass shape or a granular shape; when the second electrode (2) is a positive electrode, the surface of the second electrode (2) is in a ground glass shape or a granular shape.

6. A method of rock square work area mining based on high-voltage pulse discharge, realized by the rock square work area mining device based on high-voltage pulse discharge according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The steps include: Mounting the telescopic column on the extension column and adjusting the length of the telescopic column; Making the square capacitor (13) electrify to the first electrode, at this time, the first electrode (1) is a positive electrode, and the second electrode (2) is a negative electrode; The rock square working area mining device is arranged above the rock mass to be broken, so that the first electrode (1) and the second electrode (2) are in contact with the surface of the rock mass to be broken, and a flowing insulating liquid (15) is arranged around the rock square working area mining device; Making the square capacitor (13) charge to the first electrode (1), and gradually increasing the potential difference between the first electrode (1) and the second electrode (2) to reach the breakdown voltage; Plasma channels are formed in the rock mass to be broken (14), and the rock mass to be broken (14) is broken into rock fragments (16) by the expansion of the plasma channels. The rock fragments (16) are discharged along with the flowing insulating liquid (15), and the rock fragments (16) are stripped to form a cavity (17); The discharging continues, new plasma channels are formed in the rock mass to be broken (14), and the above steps are repeated until the rock mass to be broken (14) is broken at the surfaces contacted by the first electrode (1) and the second electrode (2), and the rock square working area mining device is lowered; The first electrode (1) and the second electrode (2) contact the surfaces of the new rock mass to be broken (14), and the above steps are repeated until all the rock mass to be broken (14) is broken and the mining is completed.

7. The high-voltage pulse discharge-based rock square work area excavation method according to claim 6, characterized by, When the cavity (17) is formed, the insulating liquid (15) is injected into the cavity (17); the insulating liquid (15) is lowered along with the rock square working area mining device; the rock fragments (16) are extracted along with the insulating liquid (15), and the insulating liquid (15) with the rock fragments (16) is injected into the electrode working position after solid-liquid separation.

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