An absorption heat exchanger

Abstract

The application discloses an absorption heat exchanger, which comprises a water chamber 1, a flow pipeline 2 and a pressure channel 3. The water chamber 1 is used for buffering circulating water in the device. The flow pipeline 2 is provided in multiple pieces and is communicated with the water chamber 1 at one end. The pressure channel 3 comprises a pressure adjusting part 31 and a pressure output part 32 which are communicated. The end of the pressure adjusting part 31 is located outside the water chamber 1 and is used for adjusting the pressure in the pressure channel 3. The end of the pressure output part 32 is located in the water chamber 1 and faces the flow pipeline 2. A sealing device 4 is slidably sealed with the inner wall of the pressure output end at one end and faces the flow pipeline 2 at the other end. A first elastic member 5 is fixedly arranged between the sealing device 4 and the inner wall of the water chamber 1, or between the sealing device 4 and the inner wall of the pressure channel 3, or between the sealing device 4 and the outer wall of the pressure channel 3. By adjusting the heat exchange area, the heat exchange efficiency is ensured, the performance attenuation is reduced, and the fluid flow rate is kept unchanged according to different requirements and timely adjustment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of heating, specifically to an absorption heat exchanger. Background Technology

[0002] An absorption heat exchanger is a device for recovering and reusing waste heat. It can utilize a small amount of high-temperature heat source to extract heat from a low-temperature heat source, generating a large amount of usable medium-temperature heat energy. It is mainly used in the heating sector. It provides a portion of the heating load to heat users, and its operating state follows the same pattern as the total heating load. At the beginning of the heating season, low-load operation is required, while during peak heating periods, full-load operation is necessary. Heating load refers to the amount of heat supplied by the heating system to a building per unit time to achieve the required indoor temperature at a given outdoor temperature. Heating load is closely related to the ambient temperature. The heating load is lower in November and December, around 40-60% of full load; from December to January, the weather is cold, and the heating load reaches full capacity. From February to April, the heating load drops back to around 30-60% of full load. During the heating season, the load fluctuates significantly each month and even each day. The formula generally used to calculate heating load is: Heating Load = Heat Transfer Coefficient * Heat Transfer Area * Heat Transfer Temperature Difference. According to this formula, we can see that when the equipment structure remains unchanged, the heat transfer coefficient has a linear relationship with the fluid velocity. A higher velocity results in a higher heat transfer coefficient, and a lower velocity results in a lower heat transfer coefficient.

[0003] Currently, we generally adjust the circulating water volume or temperature difference to meet different heating load demands. However, this approach has the following problems: Adjusting the circulating water volume requires reducing the volume when operating below full load, thus changing the heating load of the equipment. However, absorption heat exchangers are typically designed for full load. Under different load conditions, the volume of water entering the absorption heat exchanger decreases, and the flow velocity in the internal pipes also decreases. According to the heat transfer formula, when the flow velocity decreases, the heat transfer coefficient decreases non-linearly, deviating significantly from the design conditions. This reduces the overall operating efficiency of the equipment and affects the heat exchange effect. To minimize the impact on heat exchange, the circulating water volume corresponding to low load conditions is increased, increasing the power consumption of the circulating water pump. Adjusting the temperature difference reduces the temperature difference between the supply and return water, i.e., operating with a large flow rate and small temperature difference. This allows the total heating capacity to change with the load demand, but it leads to a decrease in the heating temperature, affecting the heating experience for users. Therefore, we need to conduct a more in-depth study of the adjustment methods. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide an absorption heat exchanger that can meet different heating load requirements by adjusting the heat exchange area. The specific technical solution is as follows:

[0005] An absorption heat exchanger includes: a water chamber for buffering circulating water within the device; multiple flow pipes, one end of which is connected to the water chamber; a pressure channel including a pressure regulating section and a pressure output section, the end of which is located outside the water chamber and used to regulate the pressure within the pressure channel, and the end of which is located inside the water chamber and faces the flow pipes; a sealing device, one end of which slides and seals against the inner wall of the pressure output section, and the other end of which faces the flow pipes; and a first elastic element, which is fixedly disposed between the sealing device and the inner wall of the water chamber, between the sealing device and the inner wall of the pressure channel, and / or between the sealing device and the outer wall of the pressure channel; the pressure within the pressure channel, after overcoming the pressure within the water chamber, pushes the sealing device to slide against the inner wall of the pressure output section, and after overcoming the force of the first elastic element, the sealing device covers and seals a portion of the flow pipes.

[0006] The pressure regulating unit includes: a pressure inlet, which is connected to an external pressurized fluid via a pressure switch; and a pressure relief inlet, which is connected to an external drain pipe via a pressure relief switch.

[0007] The pressure channel is T-shaped, wherein: the top of the T-shape is the pressure regulating part, and the two ends of the top of the T-shape are the pressurization port and the pressure relief port, respectively, both of which are located outside the water chamber; the tail of the T-shape is the pressure output part, and the end of the pressure output part is located inside the water chamber.

[0008] The pressure channel is a hollow cylindrical shape, with one end located inside the water chamber as the pressure output section and the other end located outside the water chamber as the pressurization port. A pressure relief port is provided on the side wall, extending to the outside of the water chamber.

[0009] The sealing device includes: a first sealing element, which slides and seals against the inner wall of the pressure output channel to separate the pressure channel from the water chamber; and a second sealing element, which is fixedly connected to the first sealing element, with one side of the second sealing element facing the first sealing element and the other side facing the flow pipe; the distance between the first sealing element and the second sealing element is greater than the distance between the end of the pressure output terminal and the flow pipe, and when the pressure in the pressure channel pushes the first sealing element to slide against the inner wall of the pressure output terminal, the second sealing element covers and seals the flow pipe within the surface area of ​​the second sealing element after overcoming the force of the first elastic element.

[0010] The sealing device further includes: a third sealing element, which is disposed between the second sealing element and the flow channel, the surface area of ​​the third sealing element being smaller than that of the second sealing element, and a recess for accommodating the third sealing element being provided on the side of the second sealing element facing the third sealing element; and a second elastic element, which is disposed between the second sealing element and the third sealing element; when the pressure in the pressure channel pushes the first sealing element to slide on the inner wall of the pressure output section, the third sealing element covers and seals the flow channel within the surface area of ​​the third sealing element after overcoming the force of the first elastic element, and the second sealing element covers and seals the flow channel within the surface area of ​​the second sealing element after overcoming the force of the second elastic element.

[0011] The force required to overcome the second elastic element is greater than the force required to overcome the first elastic element.

[0012] The second seal is a hollow cylindrical shape with one end open facing the flow pipe and the other end closed; the third seal is a hollow cylindrical shape with one end open facing the flow pipe and the other end closed; the height of the second seal is greater than the height of the third seal.

[0013] The water chamber is equipped with a water chamber cover, which is used to inspect the components inside the water chamber when the equipment is shut down.

[0014] The pressure channel penetrates the water chamber cover, so that the end of the pressure regulating part and the end of the pressure output part are located outside the water chamber and inside the water chamber, respectively; when the first elastic member is fixedly disposed between the sealing device and the inner wall of the water chamber, one end of the first elastic member is fixed to the sealing device and the other end is fixed to the inner wall of the water chamber.

[0015] The above-mentioned technical solution of the present invention has the following beneficial technical effects: By setting up a pressure channel, sealing device, and elastic element, the number of normally functioning flow pipes can be adjusted by changing the pressure within the pressure channel, thereby changing the heat exchange area. Therefore, when encountering different circulating water volumes, the heat exchange area can be adjusted accordingly, ensuring that the circulating water velocity in each flow pipe is basically consistent with the circulating water velocity under rated design conditions, thus ensuring heat exchange efficiency, reducing performance degradation, and saving system energy consumption. The main advantage of this application is that the heat exchange area can be flexibly adjusted. It can be adjusted at any time according to the heat exchange area requirements under different operating loads, ensuring a constant fluid velocity, guaranteeing heat exchange efficiency, reducing performance degradation, ensuring equipment operational stability, and saving equipment energy consumption. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure in this application, where the pressure channel is T-shaped and the first elastic element is fixedly disposed between the sealing device and the inner wall of the pressure channel, under full heat load conditions.

[0017] Figure 2This is a schematic diagram of the structure under partial heating load conditions, in which the pressure channel is T-shaped and the first elastic element is fixedly disposed between the sealing device and the inner wall of the pressure channel.

[0018] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure in this application, where the pressure channel is T-shaped and the first elastic element is fixedly disposed between the sealing device and the outer wall of the pressure channel, under full heat load conditions.

[0019] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure in this application, in which the pressure channel is a hollow column and the first elastic element is fixedly installed between the sealing device and the inner wall of the water chamber, under full heating load conditions.

[0020] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure under partial heating load, in which the pressure channel is a hollow cylinder and the first elastic element is fixedly installed between the sealing device and the inner wall of the water chamber.

[0021] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure under full heating load when the third sealing element is installed in this application;

[0022] Figure 7 This is a structural schematic diagram under high heating load conditions when the third sealing element is installed in this application;

[0023] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure under low heating load conditions when the third sealing element is installed in this application;

[0024] Among them, 1-water chamber, 2-flow pipe, 3-pressure channel, 31-pressure regulating part, 32-pressure output part, 33-pressure switch, 34-pressure relief switch, 4-sealing device, 41-first seal, 42-second seal, 43-third seal, 44-second elastic element, 5-first elastic element, 6-water chamber cover. Detailed Implementation

[0025] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments and the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that these descriptions are merely exemplary and not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Furthermore, descriptions of well-known structures and techniques are omitted in the following description to avoid unnecessarily obscuring the concept of the invention.

[0026] In specific embodiments, such as Figure 1-8As shown, an absorption heat exchanger includes: a water chamber 1 for buffering circulating water within the device; multiple flow pipes 2, one end of which is connected to the water chamber 1; a pressure channel 3 including a pressure regulating part 31 and a pressure output part 32, the end of the pressure regulating part 31 being located outside the water chamber 1 and used to regulate the pressure within the pressure channel 3, and the end of the pressure output part 32 being located inside the water chamber 1 and facing the flow pipes 2; a sealing device 4, one end of which slides and seals against the inner wall of the pressure output part 32, and the other end facing the flow pipes 2; and a first elastic element 5, which is fixedly disposed between the sealing device 4 and the inner wall of the water chamber 1. Figure 4 and Figure 5 (as shown) or between the sealing device 4 and the inner wall of the pressure channel 3 (such as...) Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 6-8 (as shown) or between the sealing device 4 and the outer wall of the pressure channel 3 (such as...) Figure 3 (As shown); It should be noted that the first elastic element 5 can be set in one of several positions, or in two of them, or in all three positions. The pressure in the pressure channel 3 pushes the sealing device 4 to slide against the inner wall of the pressure output part 32 and overcomes the force of the first elastic element 5, after which the sealing device 4 covers and seals the flow pipe 2. With the setting of the pressure channel 3, the sealing device 4 and the elastic element, this application can adjust the number of flow pipes 2 that can work normally by changing the pressure in the pressure channel 3, thereby changing the heat exchange area. Therefore, when encountering different circulating water volumes, the heat exchange area can be adjusted accordingly to ensure that the circulating water flow rate in each flow pipe 2 is basically consistent with the circulating water flow rate under the rated design conditions, thereby ensuring heat exchange efficiency, reducing performance degradation and saving system energy consumption.

[0027] In some embodiments, the pressure regulating unit 31 includes: a pressure port, which is connected to an external pressurized fluid via a pressure switch 33; and a pressure relief port, which is connected to an external drain pipe via a pressure relief switch 34. It should be noted that the pressure port and the pressure relief port can use the same port, in which case the pressure switch 33 and the pressure relief switch 34 are the same switch. For ease of use, they can also be configured as different ports. When the pressure port and the pressure relief port are configured as different ports: one of them is designed as follows: Figure 1-3 and Figure 6-8 As shown, the pressure channel 3 is T-shaped, wherein: the top of the T-shape is a pressure regulating part 31, and the two ends of the top of the T-shape are a pressure inlet and a pressure relief outlet, respectively, both located outside the water chamber 1; the tail of the T-shape is a pressure output part 32, and the end of the pressure output part 32 is located inside the water chamber 1. Another design is as follows... Figure 4 and Figure 5As shown, the pressure channel 3 is a hollow cylinder. One end is located inside the water chamber 1 as the pressure output section 32, and the other end is located outside the water chamber 1 as the pressurization port. A pressure relief port is provided on the side wall, extending outside the water chamber 1. In actual use, the pressurization switch 33 is turned on, and water is pumped into the pressure channel 3 through the pressurization port by the water pump. The water in the pressure channel 3 overcomes the pressure in the water chamber 1 under the pressure of the water pump and pushes the sealing device 4 to slide on the inner wall of the pressure output section 32. After the sealing device 4 is pushed to the preset position, the pressurization switch 33 is turned off, so that the pressure in the pressure channel 3 remains stable. Similarly, any other pressurized liquid or gas can be used, as long as the pressure is kept stable after the sealing device 4 is pushed to the preset position. When full-load operation is required, simply turn on the pressure relief switch 34 to discharge the gas or liquid in the pressure channel 3 through the pressure relief port, and the sealing device 4 returns to its original position under the action of the first elastic element 5.

[0028] In some embodiments, such as Figure 1-5 As shown, the sealing device 4 includes: a first sealing element 41, which slides and seals against the inner wall of the pressure output channel to separate the pressure channel 3 from the water chamber 1; and a second sealing element 42, which is fixedly connected to the first sealing element 41, with one side of the second sealing element 42 facing the first sealing element 41 and the other side facing the flow pipe 2. The distance between the first sealing element 41 and the second sealing element 42 is greater than the distance between the pressure output end and the flow pipe 2. When the pressure in the pressure channel 3 pushes the first sealing element 41 to slide against the inner wall of the pressure output part 32, the second sealing element 42 covers and seals the flow pipe 2 within its surface area after overcoming the force of the first elastic element 5. Since one end of the sealing device 4 needs to separate the pressure channel 3 from the water chamber 1, and the other end needs to cover and seal the flow pipe 2, the sealing device 4 can be set as a cylinder or an I-shape in actual use. To save materials, an I-shape design is optimal. In actual operation, the first seal 41 has an I-shaped top, and the second seal 42 has an I-shaped bottom. The first seal 41 and the second seal 42 are welded or bonded together using relatively stable materials such as steel bars. Specifically, during pressurization, the pressure in the pressure channel 3, after overcoming the pressure in the water chamber 1, pushes the first seal 41 to slide against the inner wall of the pressure output section 32. The first seal 41 or the second seal 42 stretches the first elastic element 5. After overcoming the first elastic element 5, the second seal 42 is pushed to cover part of the flow pipe 2, causing this part of the flow pipe 2 to malfunction, thus reducing the heat exchange area. At this time, the pressure in the pressure channel 3 stabilizes at the pressure in the water chamber 1 plus the stretching force of the first elastic element 5. When full-load operation is required, after pressure is released from the pressure relief port, the first elastic element 5 returns to its original position, pulling the first seal 41 or the second seal 42 back to its original position, releasing the covered and sealed flow pipe 2 again, achieving full-load operation. This achieves the adjustment of the heat exchange area.

[0029] In some embodiments, such as Figure 6-8 As shown, the sealing device 4 also includes: a third sealing element 43, which is disposed between the second sealing element 42 and the flow pipe 2. The surface area of ​​the third sealing element 43 is smaller than that of the second sealing element 42, and the second sealing element 42 has a recess on the side facing the third sealing element 43 to accommodate the third sealing element 43; and a second elastic element 44, which is disposed between the third sealing element 43 and the second sealing element 42. When the pressure in the pressure channel 3 pushes the first sealing element 41 to slide on the inner wall of the pressure output part 32, the third sealing element 43 covers and seals the flow pipe 2 within the surface area of ​​the third sealing element 43 after overcoming the force of the first elastic element 5, and the second sealing element 42 covers and seals the flow pipe 2 within the surface area of ​​the second sealing element 42 after overcoming the force of the second elastic element 44. Due to objective factors such as different usage areas and variable external environments, our demand for heating load fluctuates greatly (e.g., 35%, 70%, or 100%). To balance energy consumption and the experience of heating users, we can adjust the heat exchange area in multiple levels. Specifically, during the pressurization process, the pressure in the pressure channel 3, after overcoming the pressure in the water chamber 1, pushes the first seal 41 to slide on the inner wall of the pressure output section 32. The first seal 41 or the second seal 42 stretches the first elastic element 5. After overcoming the first elastic element 5, the third seal 43 is pushed to cover part of the flow pipe 2, causing this part of the flow pipe 2 to malfunction, thus reducing the heat exchange area. At this time, when the pressure in the pressure channel 3 is no longer increased and the pressure is kept stable, the pressure in the pressure channel 3 can no longer push the sealing device 4 to overcome the force of the second elastic element 44, thus causing only the flow pipe 2 within the surface area of ​​the third seal 43 to become ineffective, achieving small-area adjustment of the heat exchange area. When the pressure in the pressure channel 3 continues to be increased, the pressure in the pressure channel 3 continues to push the sealing device 4 to overcome the force of the second elastic element 44, causing the second seal 42 to cover the flow pipe 2 after covering the third seal 43, thus causing the flow pipe 2 within the surface area of ​​the second seal 42 to become ineffective, achieving large-area adjustment of the heat exchange area. This allows for multi-level adjustment of the heat exchange area, better adapting to varying heating load demands. The force required to overcome the second elastic element 44 is greater than the force required to overcome the first elastic element 5. This provides greater flexibility in pressure control within the pressure channel 3, preventing the second seal 42 from covering the surface even with slightly excessive pressure. The second seal 42 is a hollow cylinder open at one end facing the flow pipe 2 and closed at the other end; the third seal 43 is also a hollow cylinder open at one end facing the flow pipe 2 and closed at the other end; the height of the second seal 42 is greater than the height of the third seal 43. This provides greater tolerance for misalignment during sealing compared to a disc design, eliminating the need for the entire second seal 42 or third seal 43 to be completely fitted.

[0030] In some embodiments, a water chamber cover 6 is provided on the water chamber 1, which is used for inspecting and maintaining the components inside the water chamber 1 when the equipment is shut down. A pressure channel 3 penetrates the water chamber cover 6, allowing the end of the pressure regulating part 31 and the end of the pressure output part 32 to be located outside and inside the water chamber 1, respectively. When the first elastic member 5 is fixedly disposed between the sealing device 4 and the inner wall of the water chamber 1, one end of the first elastic member 5 is fixed to the sealing device 4, and the other end is fixed to the inner wall of the water chamber 1. This allows the pressure channel 3, the sealing device 4, and the elastic member to be completely disposed on the water chamber cover 6 without modifying the original water chamber 1, achieving the technical effect without damaging the original performance.

Claims

1. An absorption heat exchanger, characterized in that, include: Water chamber (1), the water chamber (1) is used to buffer circulating water in the device; The circulation pipe (2) is provided in multiple ways, and one end of the circulation pipe (2) is connected to the water chamber (1); Pressure channel (3), the pressure channel (3) includes a pressure regulating part (31) and a pressure output part (32) connected together. The end of the pressure regulating part (31) is located outside the water chamber (1) and is used to regulate the pressure in the pressure channel (3). The end of the pressure output part (32) is located inside the water chamber (1) and faces the flow pipe (2). A sealing device (4) is provided, with one end of the sealing device (4) slidingly sealing against the inner wall of the pressure output part (32), and the other end facing the flow pipe (2). The first elastic element (5) is fixedly disposed between the sealing device (4) and the inner wall of the water chamber (1), between the sealing device (4) and the inner wall of the pressure channel (3), or / and between the sealing device (4) and the outer wall of the pressure channel (3); After the pressure in the pressure channel (3) overcomes the pressure in the water chamber (1), it pushes the sealing device (4) to slide on the inner wall of the pressure output part (32). After overcoming the force of the first elastic element (5), the sealing device (4) covers and seals the flow pipe (2). The sealing device (4) includes: The first sealing element (41) slides and seals against the inner wall of the pressure output channel to separate the pressure channel (3) from the water chamber (1). The second seal (42) is fixedly connected to the first seal (41), with one side of the second seal (42) facing the first seal (41) and the other side facing the flow pipe (2). The distance between the first seal (41) and the second seal (42) is greater than the distance between the pressure output end and the flow pipe (2). When the pressure in the pressure channel (3) pushes the first seal (41) to slide on the inner wall of the pressure output part (32), the second seal (42) covers and seals the flow pipe (2) within the surface area of ​​the second seal (42) after overcoming the force of the first elastic member (5).

2. The absorption heat exchanger as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The pressure regulating unit (31) includes: The pressurization port is connected to an external pressurized fluid via a pressurization switch (33); The pressure relief port is connected to the external drain pipe via a pressure relief switch (34).

3. The absorption heat exchanger as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The pressure channel (3) is T-shaped, wherein: The T-shaped top is the pressure regulating part (31), and the two ends of the T-shaped top are the pressurization port and the pressure relief port, respectively. Both the pressurization port and the pressure relief port are located outside the water chamber (1). The T-shaped tail is the pressure output section (32), and the end of the pressure output section (32) is located inside the water chamber (1).

4. The absorption heat exchanger as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The pressure channel (3) is a hollow cylinder. One end is located inside the water chamber (1) as a pressure output part (32), and the other end is located outside the water chamber (1) as a pressurization port. The pressure relief port is provided on the side wall and extends to the outside of the water chamber (1).

5. The absorption heat exchanger as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The sealing device (4) further includes: The third sealing element (43) is disposed between the second sealing element (42) and the flow channel (2). The surface area of ​​the third sealing element (43) is smaller than that of the second sealing element (42). The second sealing element (42) has a recess on the side facing the third sealing element (43) to accommodate the third sealing element (43). The second elastic element (44) is disposed between the third seal (43) and the second seal (42); When the pressure in the pressure channel (3) pushes the first seal (41) to slide on the inner wall of the pressure output part (32), the third seal (43) covers and seals the flow pipe (2) within the surface area of ​​the third seal (43) after overcoming the force of the first elastic member (5), and the second seal (42) covers and seals the flow pipe (2) within the surface area of ​​the second seal (42) after overcoming the force of the second elastic member (44).

6. The absorption heat exchanger as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The force required to overcome the second elastic element (44) is greater than the force required to overcome the first elastic element (5).

7. The absorption heat exchanger as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The second sealing element (42) is a hollow cylindrical shape with one end open facing the flow pipe (2) and the other end closed; the third sealing element (43) is a hollow cylindrical shape with one end open facing the flow pipe (2) and the other end closed; the height of the second sealing element (42) is greater than the height of the third sealing element (43).

8. The absorption heat exchanger as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The water chamber (1) is provided with a water chamber cover (6), which is used to inspect the components inside the water chamber (1) when the equipment is shut down.

9. The absorption heat exchanger as described in claim 8, characterized in that, The pressure channel (3) penetrates the water chamber cover (6) so that the end of the pressure regulating part (31) and the end of the pressure output part (32) are located outside the water chamber (1) and inside the water chamber (1), respectively; when the first elastic member (5) is fixedly disposed between the sealing device (4) and the inner wall of the water chamber (1), one end of the first elastic member (5) is fixed to the sealing device (4) and the other end is fixed to the inner wall of the water chamber (1).

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