Dispensing device, sampling device and method for sampling interstitial water of sediments

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of sediment interstitial water sampling in environmental monitoring, and discloses a launching device, a sampling device and a sediment interstitial water sampling method. The launching device is used for launching a sediment interstitial water sampler and comprises a shell, a cavity for accommodating the sampler arranged in the shell, and a transmission assembly. One end of the transmission assembly is used for receiving a power load, and the other end of the transmission assembly is used for transmitting the power load to the sampler in the cavity, so that a sampling end of the sampler can pass out of the shell. The sampling device is used for sampling sediment interstitial water and comprises the aforementioned launching device and the sampler arranged in the cavity. The sediment interstitial water sampling method is applied to the sampling device to perform sampling. The present application has the technical effects of collecting and monitoring the sediment interstitial water and overlying water in the monitoring area in a state of substantially no disturbance and improving the accuracy of in-situ acquisition of different substances and parameters of SWI.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of sediment interstitial water sampling in environmental monitoring, in particular to a delivery device, a sampling device and a sediment interstitial water sampling method. BACKGROUND

[0002] In a flooded environment, the mud-water interface (SWI) is a key area for controlling the distribution, transport, reduction and reactivation of substances such as greenhouse gases, nitrogen and phosphorus nutrients, heavy metals and organic pollutants in the aquatic ecosystem. The SWI occupies a very special position in the aquatic ecosystem, and almost all water environmental pollution and ecological risk problems are related to the SWI process or effect. Therefore, accurately understanding the SWI material flow process and elucidating the relevant mechanisms are crucial for in-depth understanding of water environmental pollution problems and developing relevant control strategies. However, the SWI is a complex pollution system, and the interface process is formed by the coupling of two or more pollutants and multiple factors. Coexisting pollutants are closely related in geochemical behavior and are extremely susceptible to external environmental influences. The accuracy and precision of SWI property monitoring will significantly affect the understanding of water sediment biogeochemical cycle processes and the status and risk assessment of aquatic ecosystems.

[0003] In recent years, different SWI in-situ monitoring devices such as sediment multi-profile rapid technology, thin film gradient diffusion gradient (equilibrium) (DGT / DET) technology, Peeper, and interstitial water sampling device (Rhizon) have been widely used for in-situ accurate acquisition of different substances and parameters of SWI. However, such technologies are mostly used in indoor simulation research, and there are few reports on field monitoring application research, largely due to the lack of devices that can effectively support the undisturbed underwater delivery of the above monitoring devices.

[0004] Currently, there are few in-situ delivery systems for DGT / DET / Peeper internationally, and the only underwater delivery device (such as the convenient sediment profile interstitial water device disclosed in Chinese patent CN111855312B) uses a top-down vertical insertion method to deliver the sediment. The sampler is placed horizontally, vertically displaced, and then enters the detection area. This process can easily cause the physical structure of the sediment to be squeezed and deformed, and the original profile physical and biochemical environmental conditions are severely damaged. Moreover, a large amount of overlying water is introduced into the sediment during the insertion process, causing the sediment profile to interact and mix, further distorting the spatial distribution information of the obtained substances.

[0005] Based on the above defects, the present application provides a delivery device, a sampling device and a sediment interstitial water sampling method to solve the defects of the prior art. SUMMARY

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide a dispensing device, a sampling device, and a method for sampling interstitial water in sediments, so as to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0007] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0008] A delivery device for delivering a sediment interstitial water sampler includes: a housing with a cavity inside for accommodating the sampler; and a transmission assembly, one end of which receives a power load and the other end of which transmits the power load to the sampler inside the cavity, allowing the sampling end of the sampler to extend out of the housing.

[0009] Preferably, the transmission assembly includes: a first rod, one end of which is used to receive a displacement load and the other end of which is used to transmit the displacement load to the cavity; and a booster, which is placed in the cavity and is used to transmit the displacement load to the sampler, causing the sampler to move in the lateral direction of the housing.

[0010] Preferably, the first rod is configured to displace along the longitudinal direction of the shell when subjected to a displacement load, and the booster is configured to displace along the transverse direction of the shell when subjected to a displacement load. The transmission assembly also includes a steering component, which is placed in the cavity and has its two ends connected to the first rod and the booster, respectively, for converting the displacement along the longitudinal direction of the shell into the displacement along the transverse direction of the shell.

[0011] Preferably, the steering component includes: a second rod, one end of which is hinged to a first rod; a third rod, one end of which is hinged to a booster; and a block, which is configured to rotate within the cavity, one end of which is hinged to the other end of the second rod, and the other end of which is hinged to the other end of the third rod.

[0012] Preferably, the block is a sheet-like body, which is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the shell.

[0013] Preferably, the dispensing device also includes a power source for providing a power load to the transmission components.

[0014] Preferably, one end of the housing in the longitudinal direction includes a V-shaped segment, which extends in the transverse direction of the housing.

[0015] This invention also provides the following technical solutions:

[0016] A sampling device for sampling interstitial water in sediments, the sampling device including the aforementioned delivery device and a sampler placed inside a cavity.

[0017] Preferably, one end of the transmission tube is connected to the output end of the sampler to lead the interstitial water collected by the sampler out of the sampling device.

[0018] Preferably, the housing has a through hole that connects the inside and outside of the cavity, and the transmission tube is led out of the sampling device through the through hole.

[0019] Preferably, the sampler includes: a base connected to one end of the transmission assembly that outputs the power load; a tube supported on the base and extending in the lateral direction of the housing, with one end open and the other end connected to the transmission pipe; and a filter membrane placed at the open end of the tube.

[0020] Preferably, the sampler also includes a support rod placed inside the tube, with one end extending to connect with the base and the other end extending to connect with the filter membrane.

[0021] Preferably, the sampler is one or more of a multilayer sampler, a Peeper sampler, and a DGT / DET sampler.

[0022] This invention also provides the following technical solutions

[0023] A method for sampling interstitial water in sediments includes the following steps:

[0024] S1. Arrange multiple samplers at intervals from top to bottom and then sink them into the sediment, making the samplers perpendicular to the longitudinal profile of the sediment, and leaving a gap between the sampling end of the sampler and the monitoring area of ​​the sediment.

[0025] S2. Insert the sampler into the monitoring area in the lateral direction of the sediment;

[0026] S3. Apply negative pressure to the sampler to sample the interstitial water in the sediment.

[0027] Preferably, the width of the reserved gap is 3 to 5 cm.

[0028] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects achieved by the present invention are as follows: The sampling device, sampling device and sampling method for interstitial water in sediments disclosed in the present invention first arrange the samplers 4 at intervals from top to bottom and then sink them into the sediment M, leaving a gap between the sampling end of the sampler 4 and the monitoring area N. Then, the sampler 4 is inserted into the monitoring area N in the lateral direction P of the sediment M for sampling. This achieves the acquisition of interstitial water (and overlying water) in multiple layers of sediments in a basically undisturbed state, and the accuracy of the vertical distribution change information of the concentration of substances in the interstitial water of the mud-water profile obtained is significantly improved. Attached Figure Description

[0029] The accompanying drawings are provided to further illustrate the invention and form part of the specification. They are used in conjunction with embodiments of the invention to explain the invention and do not constitute a limitation thereof. In the drawings:

[0030] Figure 1This is a schematic diagram of the dispensing device in Embodiment 1 of the present invention viewed from the front.

[0031] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the delivery device carrying the sampler 4 placed at the sediment M in Embodiment 1 of the present invention (or a schematic diagram of the structure of the sampling device placed at the sediment M in Embodiments 2 and 3);

[0032] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the sampling device inserting the sampler 4 into the monitoring area N in Embodiment 1 of the present invention (or a schematic diagram of the sampling device inserting the sampler 4 into the monitoring area N in Embodiments 2 and 3);

[0033] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the dispensing device in Embodiment 1 of the present invention from a side view.

[0034] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the sampling device in Embodiment 2 of the present invention viewed from the front.

[0035] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the sampler 4 in Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0036] In the picture:

[0037] Shell 1, cavity 11, V-shaped section 12, through hole 13;

[0038] Transmission assembly 2, first rod 21, booster 22, second rod 23, third rod 24, block 25;

[0039] Power source 3;

[0040] Sampler 4, base 41, fitting 42, filter membrane 43, support rod 44;

[0041] Transmission tube 5. Detailed Implementation

[0042] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0043] Currently, the sampling devices used for rapid sampling of multi-layer sediment profiles are all deployed by vertically inserting them into the sediment from top to bottom. This process is prone to causing deformation of the bottom sediment's physical structure due to compression, severely damaging the original physical and biochemical environmental conditions of the bottom sediment profile. Moreover, a large amount of overlying water is brought into the sediment during the insertion process, causing the sediment profile materials to mix and resulting in distortion of the obtained spatial distribution information of the materials.

[0044] Based on the above deficiencies, this application proposes a solution: first, the sampling device is inserted into the bottom sediment, and then the sampler is inserted into the monitoring area in the lateral direction for sampling. This allows for the acquisition of interstitial water in multiple layers of sediment under essentially undisturbed conditions, thereby achieving in-situ accurate acquisition of different substances and parameters in SWI.

[0045] Based on this scheme, this application proposes a delivery device, a sampling device, and a sampling method for interstitial water in sediments.

[0046] First, this application provides Embodiment 1, which is a delivery device for a sediment interstitial water sampler.

[0047] like Figure 1 The diagram shown is a structural schematic of the dispensing device from the front view. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the sampler 4 of the delivery device being placed at point M in the sediment. Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the sampling device inserting the sampler 4 into the monitoring area N. Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the dispensing device from the side view.

[0048] Depend on Figures 1 to 3 As shown, this delivery device is used to assist in inserting the sampler 4 into the monitoring area N of the sediment M in the lateral direction P (this specification describes the lateral direction P as the direction perpendicular to the extension direction of the shell 1).

[0049] Furthermore, as shown in Figure 1, the dispensing device includes a housing 1, and a cavity 11 for accommodating the sampler 4 is provided inside the housing 1. The overall structure is a relatively thin cuboid. As shown in Figure 4, one end of the housing 1 in the longitudinal direction L (the longitudinal direction L is the direction perpendicular to the transverse direction P) includes a V-shaped segment 12. The V-shaped segment 12 extends along the transverse direction of the housing 1. The design of the V-shaped structure and the relatively thin design are both to enable the housing 1 to be inserted into the sediment with a lighter force.

[0050] Furthermore, as shown in Figure 1, the delivery device also includes a transmission component 2. One end of the transmission component 2 is used to receive the power load, and the other end is used to transmit the power load to the sampler 4 inside the cavity 11, so that the sampling end of the sampler 4 can extend out of the shell 1. Thus, as shown in Figure 2, the delivery device can be inserted from top to bottom into the vicinity of the monitoring area N of the sediment M, forming a longitudinal profile F on the sediment near the monitoring area N. As shown in Figure 3, the transmission component 2 is then used to insert the sampler 4 into the monitoring area N from the profile F in a transverse direction P. That is, during the delivery of the sampler 4, no disturbance is caused to the monitoring area N, and the overlying water K will not be brought into the monitoring area N. The sediment will not mix, achieving the effect of sampling with minimal disturbance.

[0051] Furthermore, as shown in Figure 1, the delivery device also includes a power source 3, which is used to provide a power load to the transmission assembly 2. In this embodiment, the power source 3 is a small needle air pump, which is used to provide a displacement load to the transmission assembly 2.

[0052] Furthermore, as shown in Figure 1, the transmission assembly 2 specifically includes a first rod 21. The first rod 21 extends along the longitudinal direction L of the housing 1. One end of the first rod 21 is connected to the output end of the power source 3 to receive displacement loads, and the other end extends into the housing 1 to transmit the displacement loads to the cavity 11, so that it is displaced along the longitudinal direction L of the housing 1 when subjected to displacement loads.

[0053] Furthermore, as shown in Figure 1, the transmission assembly 2 also includes a booster 22. The booster 22 is a rod, assembled from three sections, which can be freely disassembled for easy and quick replacement of the sampling tube. It is placed inside the cavity 11 and extends along the longitudinal direction L of the housing 1. It is used to transfer the displacement load from the first rod 21 to the sampler 4, so that it is displaced along the transverse direction P of the housing 1 when subjected to the displacement load. This causes the sampler 4 to be displaced along the transverse direction P of the housing 1, pass out of the housing 1, and extend into the monitoring area N. The longitudinally extending booster 22 is used to act on multiple samplers 4.

[0054] Furthermore, the transmission assembly 2 also includes a steering component, which is placed inside the cavity 11 and its two ends are respectively connected to the first rod 21 and the booster 22, for converting the displacement along the longitudinal direction L of the housing 1 into the displacement along the transverse direction P of the housing 1.

[0055] Specifically, as shown in Figure 1, the steering component includes a second rod 23, one end of which is hinged to the first rod 21; it also includes a third rod 24, one end of which is hinged to the booster 22; and a block 25, which is configured to rotate within the cavity 11. One end of the block 25 is hinged to the other end of the second rod 23, and the other end is hinged to the other end of the third rod 24. With this configuration, the steering component rotates under the drive of the second rod 23, causing the block 25 to undergo angular displacement, which in turn causes the third rod 24 to undergo displacement. This converts the longitudinal displacement of the first rod 21 into the lateral displacement of the booster 22, thus achieving a change in displacement direction. This allows the transmission assembly 2 to be matched with more types of power sources. In other words, theoretically, any power source that can provide displacement load can cooperate with the transmission assembly 2 to insert the sampler 4 laterally into the sediment.

[0056] Furthermore, the block 25 is a sheet-like body, which is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the housing 1. The sheet-like block 25 can be made as thin as possible. As shown in Figure 1, in this embodiment, the block 25 is preferably a fan-shaped sheet-like body, wherein the center of the fan shape is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the housing 1, and the two ends of the arc of the fan shape are respectively connected to the second rod 23 and the third rod 24.

[0057] Furthermore, as shown in Figure 1, in this embodiment, the steering components are configured in two sets to ensure that the booster 22 moves with a smooth attitude.

[0058] Secondly, this application also provides Embodiment 2, which is a sampling device for interstitial water in sediments.

[0059] like Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the sampling device from the front view. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the sampling device placed at point M in the sediment. Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the sampler 4 of this sampling device inserted into the monitoring area N. Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the sampler 4.

[0060] Depend on Figures 2 to 3 As shown in Figure 5, this sampling device is used to sample the sediment M in the monitoring area N by inserting it into the sediment M in the lateral direction P.

[0061] Specifically, by Figure 5 As shown, this sampling device includes the sampling device in Embodiment 1, and also includes samplers 4 disposed within the cavity 11. Several samplers 4 are arranged at intervals along the longitudinal direction L and connected to the output end of the transmission assembly 2. Figure 3 As shown, after the sampler 4 is pushed into the monitoring area N, it is used to sample the interstitial water in the monitoring area N.

[0062] Furthermore, by Figure 6As shown, this sampling device also includes a transfer tube 5, which is a pressure-resistant polytetrafluoroethylene tube with pressure resistance, corrosion resistance and low adsorption, suitable for transferring the collected interstitial water to the sampling bottle. Specifically, one end of the transfer tube is connected to the output end of the sampler 4 to lead the interstitial water collected by the sampler 4 out of the sampling device, and the other end is connected to the sampling bottle. The sampling bottle is also connected to a negative pressure device. The negative pressure generated by the negative pressure device introduces the interstitial water into the sampling bottle for subsequent testing and analysis.

[0063] Furthermore, by Figure 5 As shown, the housing 1 has a through hole 13 that connects the inside and outside of the cavity 11, and the transmission tubes 5 of all samplers 4 are led out of the sampling device through the through hole 13.

[0064] Furthermore, by Figure 6 As shown, the sampler 4 specifically includes a base 41, which is connected to one end of the transmission assembly 2 that outputs the power load, i.e., fixedly connected to the side of the booster 22 away from the third rod 24; it also includes a tube 42, which is a waterproof sealing tube, configured to be supported on the base 41 and extend along the transverse direction P of the shell 1, with one end open and the other end sealed and connected to the transmission tube 5; it also includes a filter membrane 43, which is a polyvinylidene fluoride hollow fiber ultrafiltration membrane, placed at the open end of the tube 42, for filtering impurities in the interstitial water.

[0065] Furthermore, by Figure 6 As shown, the sampler 4 also includes a support rod 44, which is a high-strength carbon fiber rod placed inside the tube 42. One end of the support rod extends to connect with the base 41, and the other end extends to connect with the filter membrane 43, so as to provide physical support to the filter membrane 43 and enhance the stability of the overall structure.

[0066] Furthermore, in other embodiments, the sampler 4 can be one or more of a multilayer sampler, a Peeper sampler, and a DGT / DET sampler.

[0067] Furthermore, this application also provides Example 3, which is a sampling method for interstitial water in sediments, using the sampling device provided in Example 2 for auxiliary sampling.

[0068] Specifically, this sampling method includes:

[0069] S1. As Figure 2 As shown, the sampling device is submerged in the sediment M, that is, multiple samplers 4 are arranged from top to bottom and submerged in the sediment M, so that the samplers 4 are perpendicular to the longitudinal section F of the sediment 4, and a gap of 3 to 5 cm is reserved between the sampling end of the sampler 4 and the monitoring area N of the sediment M.

[0070] S2. For example Figure 3As shown, the power source 3 is started, and the sampler 4 is inserted into the monitoring area N in the lateral direction P of the sediment M through the transmission component 2;

[0071] S3. Turn on the negative pressure device to connect the sampler 4 to negative pressure. The interstitial water is filtered and then drawn into the sampler 4, and enters the sampling bottle through the transmission pipe 5 to complete the sampling action.

[0072] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0073] Finally, it should be noted that the above descriptions are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A dispensing device for dispensing sediment interstitial water sampling devices, characterized in that, Including: A housing, wherein a cavity is provided inside the housing for accommodating a sampler; And a transmission assembly, one end of which is used to receive a power load and the other end of which is used to transmit the power load to a sampler inside the cavity, so that the sampling end of the sampler can extend out of the housing; The transmission assembly includes: The first rod has one end for receiving displacement load and the other end for transmitting the displacement load into the cavity; And a booster, which is placed inside the cavity and is used to transfer the displacement load to the sampler, causing the sampler to be displaced in the lateral direction of the housing; The first rod is configured to displace along the longitudinal direction of the housing when subjected to a displacement load, and the booster is configured to displace along the transverse direction of the housing when subjected to a displacement load. The transmission assembly also includes a steering component, which is placed in the cavity and has its two ends connected to the first rod and the booster, respectively, for converting the displacement along the longitudinal direction of the housing into the displacement along the transverse direction of the housing. The steering component includes: The second member has one end hinged to the first member; And a third rod, one end of which is hinged to the booster; And a block, the block being rotatable within the cavity, one end of which is hinged to the other end of the second rod and the other end of which is hinged to the other end of the third rod; The block is a sheet-like body, which is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the shell; The sampling device is perpendicular to the longitudinal profile of the sediment, and a gap is reserved between the sampling end of the sampling device and the monitoring area of ​​the sediment.

2. The dispensing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a power source, which is used to provide a power load to the transmission assembly.

3. A sampling device for sampling interstitial water in sediments, the sampling device comprising a dispensing device as described in any one of claims 1 to 2, and further comprising a sampler disposed within the cavity.

4. The sampling device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The sampler includes: The base is connected to one end of the transmission assembly that outputs the power load; And a pipe fitting, which is configured to be supported on the base, extend in the lateral direction of the housing, have one open end and communicate with the transmission pipe at the other end; And a filter membrane, which is placed at the open end of the pipe fitting.

5. The sampling device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The sampler is one or more of the following: multilayer sampler, Peeper sampler, and DGT / DET sampler.

Images