A temperature-controlled textile fabric and its preparation method

Abstract

This invention proposes a temperature-controlled textile fabric and its preparation method. The fabric material includes acrylic temperature-controlled yarn and nylon-spandex yarn. The acrylic temperature-controlled yarn contains 5%-10% by mass of a thermosensitive phase change material. The thermosensitive phase change material includes a NIPAAm-polyethylene glycol diacrylate-sodium alginate ternary copolymer phase change material. In this invention, the oxygen-containing groups in the polyethylene glycol diacrylate of the phase change material crosslink with the hydroxyl groups in NIPAAm and the amino groups in sodium alginate to form a three-dimensional network structure of hydrogel spheres. Simultaneously, the functional groups on the surface of the phase change material have a strong binding force with the acrylic fibers, increasing the fabric's temperature control and washability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of textile fabric technology, and in particular to a temperature-controlled textile fabric and its preparation method. Background Technology

[0002] Matter in nature transforms between three states: solid, liquid, and gas. This transformation process is called a phase transition, and substances undergo either heat absorption or release during phase transitions. In the field of clothing fabrics, phase change materials are applied by encapsulating thermosensitive phase change materials into microcapsules and embedding them into fibers. After being spun into yarn, these fibers are made into temperature-controlled fabrics. Without the use of additional energy, clothing can become a micro-air conditioner, achieving self-regulation of fabric temperature and creating a comfortable temperature environment for the wearer.

[0003] Phase change materials mainly include paraffins, fatty acids, esters, alcohols, and polymers. Organic compounds used for solid-liquid phase changes are often alcohols, acids, and higher alkanes; due to differences in functional groups, their properties vary greatly. Patent CN110528112A discloses an antibacterial temperature-controlled micro / nanofibers. The antibacterial temperature-sensitive hydrogel is prepared by free radical polymerization of modified sericin solution and N-isopropylacrylamide. The modified sericin and N-isopropylacrylamide have poor binding properties, making it susceptible to water washing and affecting its temperature regulation performance. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, the present invention proposes a temperature-controlled textile fabric with strong temperature regulation function and water resistance, and a method for preparing the same.

[0005] The technical solution of the present invention is implemented as follows: On the one hand, the present invention provides a temperature-controlled textile fabric, the material of which includes acrylic temperature-controlled yarn and nylon-spandex yarn, wherein the acrylic temperature-controlled yarn contains 5%-10% by mass of a thermosensitive phase change material; the thermosensitive phase change material includes NIPAAm-polyethylene glycol diacrylate-sodium alginate ternary copolymer phase change material.

[0006] Based on the above technical solutions, preferably, the interlacing ratio of the acrylic temperature control yarn to the nylon-spandex yarn is (30-50):(20-40).

[0007] Based on the above technical solutions, the preferred method for preparing the NIPAAm-polyethylene glycol diacrylate-sodium alginate ternary copolymer phase change material includes the following steps:

[0008] S1, NIPAAm and polyethylene glycol diacrylate are dissolved in an organic solvent, and then a crosslinking agent and an initiator are added. After crosslinking polymerization at 20-50℃ for 6-8 hours, a hydrogel is obtained.

[0009] S2, after vacuum drying the hydrogel from step S1, immerse it in an aqueous solution of sodium alginate, add calcium chloride solution, and gel into spheres; take the fully gelled microspheres, wash with water, and then dry.

[0010] Based on the above technical solutions, preferably, the mass ratio of NIPAAm to polyethylene glycol diacrylate is (4-6):(1-3).

[0011] Based on the above technical solutions, preferably, the crosslinking agent is N,N-disacrylethylenediamine, and the mass ratio of the crosslinking agent to NIPAAm is (0.05-0.2):(4-6).

[0012] Based on the above technical solutions, preferably, the initiator is ammonium persulfate and sodium metabisulfite, the mass ratio of initiator to NIPAAm is (0.005-0.03):(4-6), and the mass ratio of ammonium sulfate to sodium metabisulfite is 1:(1-3).

[0013] Based on the above technical solutions, preferably, the sodium alginate aqueous solution has a mass fraction of 10%-20%, and the calcium chloride aqueous solution has a mass fraction of 3%-5%.

[0014] Based on the above technical solutions, preferably, the organic solvent is one or a combination of isopropanol, chloroform, propyl methyl isobutyl ketone, ethyl acetate and toluene.

[0015] On the other hand, the present invention provides a method for preparing temperature-controlled textile fabric, comprising the following steps:

[0016] S11, polyacrylonitrile, methyl acrylate, ternary copolymer phase change material and organic solvent are added to the reaction vessel, stirred evenly and then azobisisobutyronitrile is added, and the reaction is initiated at 70-90℃ to obtain the spinning solution.

[0017] S12, the prepared spinning solution is electrospun on an electrospinning machine. After spinning, the yarn is washed, oiled and dried to obtain acrylic temperature control yarn.

[0018] S13 is a temperature-controlled textile fabric made by weaving acrylic temperature-controlled yarn and nylon-spandex yarn at a certain interlacing ratio.

[0019] Based on the above technical solutions, preferably, the mass ratio of polyacrylonitrile: methyl acrylate: ternary copolymer phase change material is (60-80): (20-40): (5-10).

[0020] The temperature-controlled textile fabric and its preparation method of the present invention have the following advantages over the prior art:

[0021] (1) The cross-linking of the oxygen-containing groups in polyethylene glycol diacrylate with the hydroxyl groups in NIPAAm and the amino groups in sodium alginate forms a three-dimensional network structure of hydrogel balls. At the same time, the functional groups on the surface of the phase change material have a strong binding force with the acrylonitrile, which increases the temperature control and washability of the fabric.

[0022] (2) The present invention improves the temperature sensitivity of the fabric and the heat resistance of the fabric by interpenetrating calcium alginate ion gel microspheres with NIPAAm-polyethylene glycol diacrylate gel.

[0023] (3) The present invention uses acrylic temperature control yarn and nylon-coated ammonia yarn to weave together, which not only reduces production costs, but also the nylon-coated ammonia yarn has a delicate hand feel, good moisture absorption and moderate elasticity, so that the product has both temperature regulation function and wearing comfort.

[0024] (4) The present invention prepares acrylic temperature control yarn by blending spinning, which has good water resistance, air permeability and moisture permeability.

[0025] (5) NIPAAm-polyethylene glycol diacrylate-sodium alginate are blended in acrylic temperature control yarn to obtain a solid-solid phase change energy storage material and a temperature control phase change material with a phase change temperature of 20-30℃. It can effectively control the fabric temperature by absorbing or releasing latent heat. When the external ambient temperature rises, the phase change material melts and absorbs heat; when the external ambient temperature drops, the phase change material solidifies and releases heat, establishing a relative dynamic thermal balance between the human body and the external environment, which plays a positive role in temperature regulation for the human body. Detailed Implementation

[0026] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0027] NIPAAm in this invention is an abbreviation for N-isopropylacrylamide, and all reagents used are commercially available.

[0028] Example 1

[0029] The temperature-controlled textile fabric of this embodiment includes acrylic temperature-controlled yarn and nylon-spandex yarn. The acrylic temperature-controlled yarn contains 5% by mass of a thermosensitive phase change material. The thermosensitive phase change material includes NIPAAm-polyethylene glycol diacrylate-sodium alginate ternary copolymer phase change material.

[0030] The method for preparing the temperature-controlled textile fabric in this embodiment includes the following steps:

[0031] S1, Preparation of NIPAAm-polyethylene glycol diacrylate-sodium alginate ternary copolymer phase change material:

[0032] S11, 40g NIPAAm and 10g polyethylene glycol diacrylate were dissolved in 500mL of organic solvent isopropanol, and then 0.5g N,N-diacetylethylenediamine, 0.025g ammonium persulfate and 0.025g sodium metabisulfite were added. After stirring evenly, the mixture was crosslinked and polymerized at 20℃ for 6h to obtain a hydrogel.

[0033] S12, after vacuum drying the hydrogel from step S11, immerse it in 3 times its volume of a 10% sodium alginate aqueous solution, and drop in a 3% calcium chloride aqueous solution until it gels into spheres; take the fully gelled microspheres, wash them with water, and then dry them.

[0034] S2, 60g polyacrylonitrile, 40g methyl acrylate, 5g ternary copolymer phase change material and 500mL dimethylformamide are added to the reaction vessel, stirred evenly, and then 0.3g azobisisobutyronitrile is added. The reaction is initiated at 70℃ to obtain the spinning solution.

[0035] S3. Electrospinning is performed on an electrospinning machine with a voltage of 10KV, a spraying speed of 6mL / h, and a spraying distance of 120mm. After spinning, the yarn is washed, oiled, and dried to obtain acrylic temperature control yarn.

[0036] S4, a temperature-controlled textile fabric is obtained by weaving acrylic temperature-controlled yarn and nylon-spandex yarn at an interlacing ratio of 30:20.

[0037] Example 2

[0038] The temperature-controlled textile fabric of this embodiment includes acrylic temperature-controlled yarn and nylon-spandex yarn. The acrylic temperature-controlled yarn contains 6% by mass of a thermosensitive phase change material. The thermosensitive phase change material includes NIPAAm-polyethylene glycol diacrylate-sodium alginate ternary copolymer phase change material.

[0039] The method for preparing the temperature-controlled textile fabric in this embodiment includes the following steps:

[0040] S1, Preparation of NIPAAm-polyethylene glycol diacrylate-sodium alginate ternary copolymer phase change material:

[0041] S11, 50g NIPAAm and 15g polyethylene glycol diacrylate were dissolved in 500mL propyl methyl isobutyl ketone, and then 0.8g N,N-diacetylethylenediamine, 0.06g ammonium persulfate and 0.03g sodium metabisulfite were added. After stirring evenly, the mixture was crosslinked and polymerized at 30℃ for 6h to obtain a hydrogel.

[0042] S12, after vacuum drying the hydrogel from step S11, immerse it in 4 times its volume of a 12% sodium alginate aqueous solution, and add a 4% calcium chloride aqueous solution until it gels into spheres; take the fully gelled microspheres, wash them with water, and then dry them.

[0043] S2, 70g polyacrylonitrile, 30g methyl acrylate, 6g ternary copolymer phase change material and 500mL dimethyl sulfoxide are added to a reaction vessel, stirred evenly, and then 0.3g azobisisobutyronitrile is added. The reaction is initiated at 75℃ to obtain the spinning solution.

[0044] S3. Electrospinning is performed on an electrospinning machine with a voltage of 10KV, a spraying speed of 6mL / h, and a spraying distance of 120mm. After spinning, the yarn is washed, oiled, and dried to obtain acrylic temperature control yarn.

[0045] S4, a temperature-controlled textile fabric is obtained by weaving acrylic temperature-controlled yarn and nylon-spandex yarn at an interlacing ratio of 40:25.

[0046] Example 3

[0047] The temperature-controlled textile fabric of this embodiment includes acrylic temperature-controlled yarn and nylon-spandex yarn. The acrylic temperature-controlled yarn contains 8% by mass of a thermosensitive phase change material. The thermosensitive phase change material includes NIPAAm-polyethylene glycol diacrylate-sodium alginate ternary copolymer phase change material.

[0048] The method for preparing the temperature-controlled textile fabric in this embodiment includes the following steps:

[0049] S1, Preparation of NIPAAm-polyethylene glycol diacrylate-sodium alginate ternary copolymer phase change material:

[0050] S11, 50g NIPAAm and 25g polyethylene glycol diacrylate were dissolved in 500mL ethyl acetate, and then 0.15g N,N-diacetylethylenediamine, 0.1g ammonium persulfate and 0.2g sodium metabisulfite were added. After stirring evenly, the mixture was crosslinked and polymerized at 40℃ for 8h to obtain a hydrogel.

[0051] S12. After vacuum drying the hydrogel from step S11, immerse it in 4 times its volume of an 18% sodium alginate aqueous solution, and add a 4.5% calcium chloride aqueous solution until it gels into spheres. Take the fully gelled microspheres, wash them with water, and then dry them.

[0052] S2, 75g polyacrylonitrile, 25g methyl acrylate, 8g ternary copolymer phase change material and 500mL sodium thiocyanate were added to the reaction vessel, stirred evenly, and then 0.3g azobisisobutyronitrile was added. The reaction was initiated at 85℃ to obtain the spinning solution.

[0053] S3. Electrospinning is performed on an electrospinning machine with a voltage of 10KV, a spraying speed of 6mL / h, and a spraying distance of 120mm. After spinning, the yarn is washed, oiled, and dried to obtain acrylic temperature control yarn.

[0054] S4, a temperature-controlled textile fabric is obtained by weaving acrylic temperature-controlled yarn and nylon-spandex yarn at an interlacing ratio of 45:35.

[0055] Example 4

[0056] The temperature-controlled textile fabric of this embodiment includes acrylic temperature-controlled yarn and nylon-spandex yarn. The acrylic temperature-controlled yarn contains 10% by mass of a thermosensitive phase change material. The thermosensitive phase change material includes NIPAAm-polyethylene glycol diacrylate-sodium alginate ternary copolymer phase change material.

[0057] The method for preparing the temperature-controlled textile fabric in this embodiment includes the following steps:

[0058] S1, Preparation of NIPAAm-polyethylene glycol diacrylate-sodium alginate ternary copolymer phase change material:

[0059] S11, 60g NIPAAm and 30g polyethylene glycol diacrylate were dissolved in 500mL chloroform, then 2g N,N-diacetylethylenediamine, 0.075g ammonium persulfate and 0.225g sodium metabisulfite were added, and after stirring evenly, the mixture was crosslinked and polymerized at 50℃ for 7h to obtain a hydrogel.

[0060] S12, after vacuum drying the hydrogel from step S11, immerse it in 5 times its volume of a 20% sodium alginate aqueous solution, and add a 5% calcium chloride aqueous solution until it gels into spheres; take the fully gelled microspheres, wash them with water, and then dry them.

[0061] S2, 80g polyacrylonitrile, 20g methyl acrylate, 10g ternary copolymer phase change material and 500mL zinc chloride are added to the reaction vessel, stirred evenly, and then 0.3g azobisisobutyronitrile is added. The reaction is initiated at 90℃ to obtain the spinning solution.

[0062] S3. Electrospinning is performed on an electrospinning machine with a voltage of 10KV, a spraying speed of 6mL / h, and a spraying distance of 120mm. After spinning, the yarn is washed, oiled, and dried to obtain acrylic temperature control yarn.

[0063] S4, a temperature-controlled textile fabric is obtained by weaving acrylic temperature-controlled yarn and nylon-spandex yarn at an interlacing ratio of (30-50):(20-40).

[0064] Example 5

[0065] The difference between Example 5 and Example 1 is that the acrylic temperature control yarn contains 10% by mass of a thermosensitive phase change material.

[0066] Example 6

[0067] The difference between Example 6 and Example 1 is that the interlacing ratio of acrylic temperature control yarn and nylon-spandex yarn is 50:20.

[0068] Example 7

[0069] The difference between Example 7 and Example 1 is that 40g of NIPAAm and 30g of polyethylene glycol diacrylate are used, and the mass ratio of NIPAAm to polyethylene glycol diacrylate is 4:3.

[0070] Example 8

[0071] The difference between Example 8 and Example 1 is that the sodium alginate aqueous solution has a mass fraction of 20%.

[0072] Comparative Example 1

[0073] The difference between Comparative Example 1 and Example 1 is that the thermosensitive phase change material includes NIPAAm-sodium alginate binary copolymer phase change material.

[0074] Comparative Example 2

[0075] The difference between Comparative Example 2 and Example 1 is that the thermosensitive phase change material includes NIPAAm-polyethylene glycol diacrylate binary copolymer phase change material.

[0076] Comparative Example 3

[0077] The difference between Comparative Example 3 and Example 1 is that the thermosensitive phase change material includes a polyethylene glycol diacrylate-sodium alginate binary copolymer phase change material.

[0078] Comparative Example 4

[0079] The difference between Comparative Example 4 and Example 1 is that the temperature-controlled textile fabric lacks nylon-coated spandex yarn.

[0080] Comparative Example 5

[0081] The difference between Comparative Example 5 and Example 1 is that the mass ratio of NIPAAm to polyethylene glycol diacrylate is 1:4.

[0082] Comparative Example 6

[0083] The difference between Comparative Example 6 and Example 1 is that: acrylic yarn was impregnated with NIPAAm-polyethylene glycol diacrylate-sodium alginate ternary copolymer phase change material to obtain acrylic temperature control yarn.

[0084] Tests show that the fabric's physical properties and appearance meet the requirements of GB / T22848—2009 "Knitted Finished Fabrics" (Superior Grade) and GB18401—2012 "National Basic Safety Technical Specifications for Textile Products". Shrinkage is 4%-5%, bursting strength is 200-250N, phase change temperature is 20-35℃, elasticity is moderate, and the hand feel is soft.

[0085] Temperature regulation capability: The fabric to be tested was laid flat on a test board with an initial temperature of 20℃ and a final temperature of 35℃. The surface temperature of the fabric was measured using a thermometer, and the time required for the surface temperature to rise from 20℃ to 35℃ was measured. The test results are as follows:

[0086] Table 1. Fabric Temperature Control Performance

[0087] Heating time / s Example 1 225 Example 2 228 Example 3 223 Example 4 226 Example 5 237 Example 6 239 Example 7 231 Example 8 228 Comparative Example 1 165 Comparative Example 2 158 Comparative Example 3 125 Comparative Example 4 217 Comparative Example 5 189 Comparative Example 6 221

[0088] Table 1 shows that, under the same conditions, the heating time of the examples was longer than that of the comparative examples, indicating that the fabric temperature changed slowly and had good temperature regulation performance. The lack of NIPAAm resulted in the slowest heating time and the worst temperature control. The absence of any one of polyethylene glycol diacrylate, sodium alginate, or NIPAAm in the phase change material would affect the heating time and temperature control. A higher content of polyethylene glycol diacrylate would also affect the heating time of the fabric.

[0089] Moisture absorption and quick-drying performance: Dynamic evaporation rate, capillary moisture absorption height, and drip diffusion time were tested. The dynamic evaporation rate conditions were: 30℃, 90% humidity, and evaporation time of 15 min; the capillary moisture absorption height time was 3 min. The results are as follows:

[0090] Table 2. Fabric moisture absorption and quick-drying properties

[0091]

[0092]

[0093] As shown in Table 2, the fabric of this invention exhibits instant moisture absorption and rapid diffusion, providing quick-drying properties. A higher evaporation rate results in slower fabric temperature changes and stronger temperature control, demonstrating the fabric's superior temperature control performance. Fabrics lacking nylon-covered spandex yarn exhibit the worst moisture absorption and diffusion. The absence of one of the phase change materials—polyethylene glycol diacrylate, sodium alginate, or NIPAAm—reduces both temperature control and moisture absorption. Higher polyethylene glycol diacrylate content also negatively impacts the fabric's temperature control and moisture absorption.

[0094] Washability test: The washability of the fabric was tested according to GB / T 17596-1988. The fabric was washed 50 times, and then its temperature control performance was measured. The results are as follows:

[0095] Table 3. Washability of Fabrics

[0096] Dynamic evaporation rate % Water diffusion time / s Capillary Moisture Absorption Height / mm Heating time / s Example 1 197 0 81 221 Comparative Example 6 175 3 54 198

[0097] Table 3 shows that after 50 washes, the blended spinning exhibits better temperature resistance and moisture absorption and quick-drying properties compared to impregnation.

[0098] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A temperature-controlled textile fabric, characterized in that: The fabric is made of acrylic temperature-controlled yarn and nylon-covered spandex yarn. The acrylic temperature-controlled yarn contains 5%-10% by mass of thermosensitive phase change material. The thermosensitive phase change material includes NIPAAm-polyethylene glycol diacrylate-sodium alginate ternary copolymer phase change material. The preparation method of the NIPAAm-polyethylene glycol diacrylate-sodium alginate ternary copolymer phase change material includes the following steps: S1, NIPAAm and polyethylene glycol diacrylate are dissolved in an organic solvent, and then a crosslinking agent and an initiator are added. After crosslinking polymerization at 20-50℃ for 6-8 hours, a hydrogel is obtained. S2, After vacuum drying the hydrogel from step S1, immerse it in an aqueous solution of sodium alginate and add calcium chloride solution dropwise until it gels into spheres; take the fully gelled microspheres, wash them with water and then dry them; The method for preparing the temperature-controlled textile fabric includes the following steps: S11, polyacrylonitrile, methyl acrylate, ternary copolymer phase change material and organic solvent are added to the reaction vessel, stirred evenly and then azobisisobutyronitrile is added, and the reaction is initiated at 70-90℃ to obtain the spinning solution. S12, the prepared spinning solution is electrospun on an electrospinning machine. After spinning, the yarn is washed, oiled and dried to obtain acrylic temperature control yarn. S13 is a temperature-controlled textile fabric made by weaving acrylic temperature-controlled yarn and nylon-spandex yarn at a certain interlacing ratio.

2. The temperature-controlled textile fabric as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The interlacing ratio of the acrylic temperature control yarn to the nylon-covered spandex yarn is (30-50):(20-40).

3. The temperature-controlled textile fabric as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The mass ratio of NIPAAm to polyethylene glycol diacrylate is (4-6):(1-3).

4. The temperature-controlled textile fabric as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The crosslinking agent is N,N-diacrylethylenediamine, and the mass ratio of the crosslinking agent to NIPAAm is (0.05-0.2):(4-6).

5. The temperature-controlled textile fabric as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The initiator is ammonium persulfate and sodium metabisulfite, and the mass ratio of initiator to NIPAAm is (0.005-0.03):(4-6), and the mass ratio of ammonium sulfate to sodium metabisulfite is 1:(1-3).

6. The temperature-controlled textile fabric as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The sodium alginate aqueous solution has a mass fraction of 10%-20%, and the calcium chloride aqueous solution has a mass fraction of 3%-5%.

7. The temperature-controlled textile fabric as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The organic solvent is one or a combination of isopropanol, chloroform, propyl methyl isobutyl ketone, ethyl acetate, and toluene.

8. The temperature-controlled textile fabric as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The mass ratio of the polyacrylonitrile: methyl acrylate: ternary copolymer phase change material is (60-80): (20-40): (5-10).

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