A gravity-type bridge abutment anti-settlement and cracking reinforcement device and reinforcement method

Abstract

This invention discloses a gravity-type bridge abutment anti-settlement and cracking reinforcement device and its processing method, belonging to the field of bridge construction technology. The device includes a bridge abutment body and a bridge deck erected on the bridge abutment body. The bridge abutment body includes a base platform and several sub-platforms sequentially spliced ​​on the base platform along the vertical direction. A guide rod seat is provided on the vertical panel. A rack is connected to a guide rod through a connecting rod. The guide rod slides vertically through the guide rod seat and connects to a support, which is fixed on the base platform. After the base platform settles, the base platform can drive the rack to move vertically downward through the guide rod. After the rack moves, it drives the gear to rotate, thereby driving the inclined panel to rotate towards the side away from the bridge abutment body. A pre-tension force is applied to the bridge abutment body through anchor rods. In addition to reinforcing the bridge abutment by pouring concrete ring beams, this invention also excavates auxiliary pits in the ground, drills holes to install prestressed tie anchor cables, and simultaneously injects grout at the bottom of the bridge abutment to reinforce the bridge abutment, prevent cracking, and reduce bridge abutment settlement.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of building bridge technology, specifically relating to a gravity-type bridge abutment anti-settlement and cracking reinforcement device and reinforcement method. Background Technology

[0002] For bridge abutments made of plain concrete, these abutments are mostly old and poorly maintained, often exhibiting cracks on the working surface. These cracks are typically vertical and lack a clear distribution pattern. Under long-term road loads, the abutment is prone to uneven settlement, and deformation of the surrounding soil can lead to tilting deformation and crack widening of the abutment itself. Therefore, the prevention and treatment of bridge abutment cracks are particularly important.

[0003] Existing methods for preventing and reinforcing bridge abutment cracks include surface repair, pressure grouting, and anchor bolt reinforcement. These methods typically focus on repairing and reinforcing existing cracks to inhibit further cracking. However, there are currently few targeted reinforcement measures for preventing bridge abutment cracking, and the results often fall short of expectations, failing to adequately guarantee safe construction.

[0004] In subway construction, especially when shield tunnels pass under existing bridges, abutment cracks and settlement have become important control indicators, with cracks often caused by settlement. Therefore, there is an urgent need to provide a gravity-based abutment anti-settlement and cracking reinforcement device and method that can strengthen the abutment structure and prevent cracking. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a gravity-type bridge abutment anti-settlement and cracking reinforcement device and reinforcement method, which can solve the above-mentioned technical problems.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0007] This invention discloses a gravity-type bridge abutment anti-settlement and cracking reinforcement device, comprising a bridge abutment body and a bridge deck erected on the bridge abutment body. The bridge abutment body includes a base platform and several sub-platforms sequentially spliced ​​on the base platform along a vertical direction. Each sub-platform is connected to an inclined panel via anchor bolts. The inclined panel is parallel to the back side of the bridge abutment body. A rotating shaft is fixed to the lower end of each inclined panel, and the rotating shaft rotatably engages with a vertical panel. The upper end of each vertical panel is connected to the bridge deck via a sliding bracket. A gear is coaxially connected to the rotating shaft. A rack is slidably mounted on the vertical panel, and the rack meshes with a gear. A guide rod seat is provided on the vertical panel, and the rack is connected to a guide rod via a connecting rod. The guide rod slides vertically through the guide rod seat and connects to a support, which is fixed to the base platform. After the base platform settles, the base platform can drive the rack to move vertically downward via the guide rod. After the rack moves, it drives the gear to rotate, thereby driving the inclined panel to rotate toward the side away from the bridge abutment body. A pre-tension force is applied to the bridge abutment body through the anchor rod.

[0008] Furthermore, a support base is provided at the lower part of the vertical panel, and a sliding seat is provided at the middle part of the vertical panel. The sliding support includes an upper support, a lower support, and a vertical rod that is fixedly connected to the upper support and the lower support. The upper support is fixedly connected to the bridge panel, the lower support is slidably engaged with the support base, the vertical rod is slidably engaged with the sliding seat, the upper end of the lower support extends out of the support base to form a limiting block, and a pressure block is fixed on the rotating shaft.

[0009] Furthermore, a first support rod is fixed on the vertical panel, and a second support rod is fixed on the inclined panel. An elastic recovery device is connected between the first support rod and the second support rod.

[0010] Furthermore, a reinforced concrete ring beam is provided on the outer side of the sub-platform.

[0011] Furthermore, the reinforced concrete ring beam includes several concrete blocks arranged in a ring and a ring-shaped reinforcement bar connecting the concrete blocks together, wherein the ring-shaped reinforcement bar is made of spring steel bars.

[0012] Furthermore, an auxiliary pit is provided below the bridge deck, and a retaining wall is provided in the pit. A prestressed tie cable is connected between the retaining wall and the reinforced concrete ring beam. One end of the prestressed tie cable is connected to the retaining wall, and the other end is connected to the concrete block.

[0013] Furthermore, the retaining wall is composed of several partition walls spliced ​​vertically, and the auxiliary pit is equipped with guide rails that slide with the partition walls. The partition walls are connected to the vertical panels by telescopic devices, and each partition wall corresponds to a partition platform. The partition walls are connected to the partition platforms by corresponding prestressed tie anchor cables.

[0014] A reinforcement method for preventing settlement and cracking of gravity-type bridge abutments, employing the reinforcement device described above, includes the following steps:

[0015] a. The tunnel passes under a simple bridge consisting of abutments and bridge deck. First, reinforcement bars are installed on the abutments and concrete is poured to form a reinforced concrete ring beam, and drilling positions are reserved.

[0016] b. Fix the vertical panel to the bridge deck, and connect the inclined panel to the sub-platform using anchor bolts;

[0017] c. Excavate an auxiliary pit on the ground behind the bridge abutment and build a retaining wall inside the auxiliary pit;

[0018] d. Drill holes from the reserved drilling points to the reinforced concrete wall, and then install prestressed tie anchors;

[0019] e. Use anchor supports to fix prestressed tie cables, apply prestress, reinforce the platform, and prevent cracking;

[0020] f. During construction, grouting can be used to reinforce the bridge abutment, allowing the grout to gradually fill the reinforced area below the bridge abutment body, forming a grouting area below the bridge abutment, thus achieving the effect of reinforcing the bridge abutment foundation.

[0021] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0022] This invention discloses a gravity-type bridge abutment anti-settlement and cracking reinforcement device. By dividing the bridge abutment body into several sub-platforms, it can provide support while also acting as a barrier between adjacent sub-platforms. When one sub-platform cracks, it will not extend to the other sub-platforms, thus inhibiting the bridge abutment from continuing to crack.

[0023] In the device of this invention, the platform is connected to the inclined plate by anchor rods. After the platform settles, the platform can drive the rack to move vertically downwards via guide rods. After the rack moves, it drives the gear to rotate, thereby driving the inclined plate to rotate toward the side away from the bridge abutment body. The anchor rods apply a pre-tension force to the bridge abutment body. Even if the platform settles, the combined action of the guide rods and the inclined plate can suppress the continuous settlement of the bridge abutment body, thus preventing settlement.

[0024] This invention strengthens the bridge abutment by pouring concrete ring beams to reinforce it, and also by excavating auxiliary pits in the ground, drilling holes to install prestressed tie anchors, and simultaneously grouting at the bottom of the abutment. This strengthens the abutment to prevent cracking and reduce settlement. Furthermore, the magnitude of the prestress can be controlled step by step to regulate the reinforcement effect.

[0025] Currently, prestressed tie anchors are commonly used in slope reinforcement work, and sometimes also as pull-out anchors. Taking advantage of the high strength, good relaxation performance and high anchoring strength of prestressed tie anchors, multiple concrete ring beams are constructed around the abutment and anchor supports are installed. Subsequently, prestressed tie anchors are installed to reinforce the abutment structure and prevent abutment cracking.

[0026] Other advantages, objectives, and features of the invention will be set forth in the following description and will be apparent to those skilled in the art in some respects, or may be learned by practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention can be realized and obtained through the following description. Attached Figure Description

[0027] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and beneficial effects of this invention clearer, the following figures are provided for illustration:

[0028] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the device of the present invention. Figure 1 ;

[0029] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the device of the present invention. Figure 2 ;

[0030] Figure 3 This is a front view of the device of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 4 for Figure 1 Enlarged view at point A;

[0032] Figure 5 for Figure 1 Enlarged view at point B;

[0033] Figure 6 This is a structural diagram of a vertical panel;

[0034] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the sliding bracket structure;

[0035] Figure 8 This is a structural schematic diagram of a reinforced concrete ring beam.

[0036] The following components are marked in the attached diagram: 1. Bridge abutment body; 2. Bridge deck; 3. Bottom platform; 4. Sub-platform; 5. Inclined panel; 6. Rotating shaft; 7. Vertical panel; 8. Sliding bracket; 9. Gear; 10. Rack; 11. Guide rod seat; 12. Connecting rod; 13. Guide rod; 14. Support seat; 15. Sliding seat; 16. Upper support; 17. Lower support; 18. Vertical rod; 19. Limiting block; 20. Pressure block; 21. First support rod; 22. Second support rod; 23. Elastic recovery device; 24. Reinforced concrete ring beam; 25. Concrete block; 26. Ring reinforcement; 27. Auxiliary pit; 28. Retaining wall; 29. ​​Prestressed tie anchor cable; 30. Sub-wall; 31. Guide rail; 32. Expansion joint; 33. Detailed Implementation

[0037] like Figures 1-8 As shown, the present invention discloses a gravity-type bridge abutment anti-settlement and cracking reinforcement device, including a bridge abutment body 1 and a bridge deck 2 erected on the bridge abutment body 1. The back side of the bridge abutment body 1 forms an inclined surface, and the front side forms a vertical surface. The bottom of the bridge abutment body 1 is wider, and the upper part is provided with steps for installing the bridge deck 2, making the installation more stable.

[0038] The abutment body 1 includes a base 3 and several sub-platforms 4 sequentially spliced ​​vertically onto the base 3. The sides of each sub-platform 4 are trapezoidal, and the back sides of each sub-platform 4 are correspondingly fitted to form an inclined surface. Each sub-platform 4 is connected to an inclined panel 5 by anchor bolts. The inclined panel 5 is parallel to the back side of the abutment body 1, and the anchor bolts are basically perpendicular to the plane of the inclined panel 5. The inclined panel 5 can provide a certain preload to the sub-platform 4 through the anchor bolts to prevent excessive settlement of the sub-platform 4.

[0039] In this invention, a rotating shaft 6 is fixed to the lower end of the inclined panel 5. The rotating shaft 6 is perpendicular to the side of the bridge abutment body 1. The rotating shaft 6 is rotatably engaged with the vertical panel 7. The vertical panel 7 is pre-embedded underground. The upper end of the vertical panel 7 is connected to the bridge deck 2 through a sliding bracket 8. A gear 9 is coaxially connected to the rotating shaft 6. A rack 10 is slidably engaged on the vertical panel 7. The rack 10 is arranged vertically and meshes with the gear 9. The rack 10 can drive the gear 9 to rotate. A guide rod seat 11 is provided on the vertical panel 7, and the guide rod seat 11 is located on the back side of the vertical panel 7. The rack 10 is connected to the guide rod 13 via the connecting rod 12. The guide rod 13 is also installed vertically. The guide rod 13 slides vertically through the guide rod seat 11 and connects to the support 14 below. The support 14 is fixed on the base platform 3. After the base platform 3 settles, the base platform 3 can drive the rack 10 to move vertically downward via the guide rod 13. After the rack 10 moves, it drives the gear 9 to rotate, thereby driving the inclined panel 5 to rotate toward the side away from the bridge abutment body 1. The anchor rod applies a pre-tension force to the bridge abutment body 1.

[0040] In this embodiment, a support base 15 is provided at the lower part of the vertical panel 7, and the support base 15 is located on the front side of the vertical panel 7. A sliding seat 16 is provided in the middle of the vertical panel 7. The sliding support 8 includes an upper support 17, a lower support 18, and a vertical rod 19 that is fixedly connected to the upper support 17 and the lower support 18. The upper support 17 is fixedly connected to the bridge deck 2, the lower support 18 is slidably engaged with the support base 15, and the vertical rod 19 is slidably engaged with the sliding seat 16. The upper end of the lower support 18 extends out of the support base 15 to form a limiting block 20. A pressure block 21 is fixed on the rotating shaft 6. If the sub-platform 4 settles, the sub-platform 4 will drive the inclined panel 5 to deflect through the anchor rod until the pressure block 21 contacts the limiting block 20. The pressure block 21 can be limited by the limiting block 20 to prevent the sub-platform 4 from settling due to excessive deflection of the inclined panel 5, which can play a certain role in suppressing the settlement of the sub-platform 4.

[0041] In this invention, the upper support 17 is connected to the bridge deck 2 by elastic rivets. After settlement, the upper support 17 can be returned to its original position, avoiding the problem of device failure caused by prolonged excessive deflection of the inclined panel 5. Similarly, a first support rod 22 is fixed on the vertical panel 7, and a second support rod 23 is fixed on the inclined panel 5. An elastic recovery device 24 is connected between the first support rod 22 and the second support rod 23. By setting the elastic recovery device 24, the inclined panel 5 can also be returned to its original position. The elastic recovery device 24 uses a spring and works in conjunction with the elastic rivets to facilitate the restoration of the device.

[0042] In this embodiment, a reinforced concrete ring beam 25 is provided on the outer side of the sub-platform 4, which can further prevent the sub-platform 4 from cracking.

[0043] In this embodiment, the reinforced concrete ring beam 25 includes several concrete blocks 26 arranged in a ring and a ring reinforcement 27 connecting the concrete blocks 26 together. The ring reinforcement 27 is made of spring steel bars, which can play the role of elastic reinforcement.

[0044] In this embodiment, an auxiliary pit 28 is provided below the bridge deck 2, and a retaining wall 29 is provided inside the pit. A prestressed tie cable 30 is connected between the retaining wall 29 and the reinforced concrete ring beam 25. Holes for the prestressed tie cable 30 to pass through are provided on the vertical deck 7, the inclined deck 5, and the platform 4. One end of the prestressed tie cable 30 is connected to the retaining wall 29, and the other end is connected to the concrete block 26. The retaining wall 29 is formed by vertically splicing several partition walls 31. A guide rail 32 that slides with the partition walls 31 is provided inside the auxiliary pit 28. An expansion joint 33 is connected between the partition walls 31 and the vertical deck 7. Each partition wall 31 corresponds to a platform 4, and the partition walls 31 are connected to the platform 4 through corresponding prestressed tie cable 30s. When the partition wall 4 settles, the partition wall 31 can be moved by pulling the cable. When the partition wall 31 moves, force can be applied to the telescopic device 33. The telescopic device 33 uses a hydraulic cylinder, which can also actively push the partition wall 31 back to its original position to avoid the problem of permanent failure of the device.

[0045] A reinforcement method for preventing settlement and cracking of gravity-type bridge abutments, employing the reinforcement device described above, includes the following steps:

[0046] a. The tunnel passes under a simple bridge consisting of abutment body 1 and bridge deck 2. First, reinforcement bars are installed on abutment body 1 and concrete is poured to form a reinforced concrete ring beam 25, and drilling positions are reserved.

[0047] b. Fix the vertical panel 7 to the bridge panel 2, and connect the inclined panel 5 and the sub-platform 4 with anchor rods;

[0048] c. Excavate an auxiliary pit 28 on the ground behind the bridge abutment body 1, and build a retaining wall 29 inside the auxiliary pit 28;

[0049] d. Drill a hole from the reserved hole to the reinforced concrete wall, and then install the prestressed tie anchor cable 30;

[0050] e. Use anchor support 14 to fix prestressed tie cable 30, apply prestress, reinforce platform 4, and prevent cracking;

[0051] f. During construction, grouting can be used to reinforce the bridge abutment, allowing the grout to gradually fill the reinforced area below the bridge abutment body 1, forming a grouting area below the bridge abutment, thus achieving the effect of reinforcing the bridge abutment foundation.

[0052] Finally, it should be noted that the above preferred embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail through the above preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that various changes can be made to it in form and detail without departing from the scope defined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A gravity type abutment anti-settling cracking reinforcement device, comprising an abutment body, a deck slab erected on the abutment body, characterized in that, The bridge abutment body includes a base platform and several sub-platforms sequentially assembled vertically on the base platform. Each sub-platform is connected to an inclined panel via anchor bolts. The inclined panel is parallel to the back side of the bridge abutment body. A rotating shaft is fixed to the lower end of each inclined panel, and the rotating shaft rotatably engages with a vertical panel. The upper end of each vertical panel is connected to the bridge deck via a sliding bracket. A gear is coaxially connected to the rotating shaft. A rack is slidably fitted vertically on the vertical panel, meshing with the gear. A guide rod seat is provided on the vertical panel. The rack is connected to a guide rod via a connecting rod. The guide rod slides vertically through the guide rod seat and connects to a support, which is fixed to the base platform. After settlement, the base platform can drive the rack to move vertically downwards via the guide rod. The movement of the rack drives the gear to rotate, thereby driving the inclined panel to rotate towards the side away from the bridge abutment body. A pre-tension force is applied to the bridge abutment body via the anchor bolts. A support seat is provided at the lower part of each vertical panel, and a sliding seat is provided in the middle of each vertical panel. The sliding support includes an upper support, a lower support, and a vertical rod fixedly connecting the upper and lower supports. The upper support is fixedly connected to the bridge deck, the lower support is slidably engaged with a support seat, and the vertical rod is slidably engaged with a sliding seat. The upper end of the lower support extends out of the support seat to form a limiting block. A pressure block is fixed on the rotating shaft. A first support rod is fixed on the vertical panel, and a second support rod is fixed on the inclined panel. An elastic recovery device is connected between the first and second support rods. A reinforced concrete ring beam is provided on the outer side of the abutment. The reinforced concrete ring beam includes several concrete blocks arranged in a ring and a ring-shaped reinforcement bar connecting the concrete blocks together. The ring-shaped reinforcement bar is made of spring steel bars. An auxiliary pit is provided below the bridge deck. A retaining wall is provided in the auxiliary pit. A prestressed tie-bar anchor cable is connected between the retaining wall and the reinforced concrete ring beam. One end of the prestressed tie-bar anchor cable is connected to the retaining wall, and the other end is connected to the concrete block. An expansion joint is connected between the retaining wall and the vertical panel.

2. The gravity-type bridge abutment anti-settlement and cracking reinforcement device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The retaining wall is composed of several partition walls spliced ​​vertically. The auxiliary pit is equipped with a guide rail that slides with the partition wall. An expansion joint is connected between the partition wall and the vertical panel. Each partition wall corresponds to a platform. The partition wall is connected to the platform through a corresponding prestressed tie cable.

3. A reinforcement method for preventing settlement and cracking of gravity-type bridge abutments, characterized in that, The reinforcement device as described in claim 2 includes the following steps: a. The tunnel passes under a simple bridge consisting of abutments and bridge deck. First, reinforcement bars are installed on the abutments and concrete is poured to form a reinforced concrete ring beam, and drilling positions are reserved. b. Fix the vertical panel to the bridge deck, and connect the inclined panel to the sub-platform using anchor bolts; c. Excavate an auxiliary pit on the ground behind the bridge abutment and build a retaining wall inside the auxiliary pit; d. Drill holes from the reserved drilling points to the reinforced concrete wall, and then install prestressed tie anchors; e. Use anchor supports to fix prestressed tie cables, apply prestress, reinforce the platform, and prevent cracking; During construction, grouting is used to reinforce the bridge abutment, allowing the grout to gradually fill the reinforced area below the bridge abutment body, forming a grouting area below the bridge abutment, which achieves the effect of reinforcing the bridge abutment foundation.

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