A semi-active electromagnetic inertial capacitive damper and its application method

Abstract

This invention provides a semi-active electromagnetic inertial-capacitive damper and its usage method, comprising a shell, an inner shell, a ball screw pair system, an inertial-capacitive system, and an eddy current system. The inner shell can slide up and down within the shell, and its bottom is connected to the ball screw pair system. The inertial-capacitive system is fixed to the bottom of the ball screw pair system, and the eddy current system is fixed to the bottom of the inertial-capacitive system. When the main structure vibrates, the excitation energy is redistributed between the main structure and the eddy current inertial mass damper. A portion of the vibration energy of the main structure is transferred to the eddy current system, where it is converted into heat energy and dissipated, reducing the vibration effect of the main structure. The remaining energy is transferred to the inertial-capacitive system, where the inertial mass generates a corresponding inertial force, thereby attenuating the vibration response.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of vibration control technology for civil engineering structures, and in particular to a semi-active electromagnetic inertial capacitive damper and its application method. Background Technology

[0002] The principle of inertial capacitance is to amplify inertial mass through specific motion transformations, thereby achieving efficient structural vibration control with minimal physical mass. An inertial capacitance vibration reduction system is a control system comprising inertial capacitance elements and other components. Compared to traditional vibration reduction systems, it can achieve effects such as apparent mass amplification, increased damping energy dissipation, lightweighting, and negative stiffness. Existing damping elements in inertial capacitance vibration reduction systems are typically constructed based on viscous liquids (such as tuned viscous mass damping systems). However, the use of viscous liquid materials brings inconvenience to manufacturing and, under extreme disaster conditions, is prone to leakage, leading to device failure.

[0003] Currently, dampers using eddy current principles, such as plate dampers and dampers based on relative motion, are commonly used in passive control. However, the permanent magnet used to generate the magnetic field in these dampers cannot be adjusted in terms of magnetic flux density. In active and semi-active control, dampers using magnetic fluids or electrorheological fluids are more common, but these are costly. A better approach involves using an electromagnet to generate a magnetic field and a conductor plate to cut magnetic field lines, allowing the damping force to be adjusted by changing the input current. This method is non-contact, easily adjustable, low-cost, easy to manufacture, and energy-efficient. Combined with the damping enhancement effect of an inertial capacitive system, it further improves the damping effect, achieving better vibration control. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a semi-active electromagnetic inertial capacitive damper. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a semi-active electromagnetic inertial capacitive damper and its usage method, which converts part of the energy of the main structure vibration into heat energy through eddy currents and dissipates it, while the other part of the energy is transferred to the inertial capacitive system to attenuate the vibration response.

[0005] According to one objective of the present invention, a semi-active electromagnetic inertial-capacitive damper is provided, comprising a shell, an inner shell, a ball screw pair system, an inertial-capacitive system, and an eddy current system. The inner shell is slidable up and down within the shell. The bottom of the inner shell is connected to the ball screw pair system. The inertial-capacitive system is fixed to the bottom of the ball screw pair system, and the eddy current system is fixed to the bottom of the inertial-capacitive system.

[0006] Furthermore, a breathable core ring is provided between the outer shell and the inner shell.

[0007] Furthermore, the ball screw pair system includes a ball nut and a ball screw, the ball nut being used in conjunction with the ball screw, and balls being provided between the ball nut and the ball screw.

[0008] Furthermore, the ball nut is fixed to the bottom of the inner shell, the inner wall of the outer shell is provided with a groove, and a slider is fixed to the outside of the ball nut, the slider being able to slide within the groove.

[0009] Furthermore, the inner shell has a top connecting ring at its top and the outer shell has a bottom connecting ring fixed at its bottom.

[0010] Furthermore, the inertial capacitive system includes a first coupling, a second coupling, a gearbox, and a flywheel. One end of the gearbox is connected to the bottom of the ball screw via the first coupling, and the other end of the gearbox is connected to the flywheel via the second coupling.

[0011] Furthermore, the eddy current system includes a magnetic plate and an electromagnet, the magnetic plate being connected to the flywheel, and the electromagnet being disposed on the bottom wall of the housing.

[0012] Furthermore, a ball bearing is fixed on the inner bottom wall of the outer casing, and a connecting rod is fixed on the bottom of the magnetic plate, with the bottom of the connecting rod rotatably connected to the ball bearing.

[0013] According to another objective of the present invention, the present invention provides a method of using a semi-active electromagnetic inertial capacitive damper, comprising the following steps:

[0014] S1, when the structure is deformed by external energy excitation, the ball nut converts the linear motion of the inner shell into the rotational motion of the ball screw.

[0015] S2, the transmission amplifies the rotational speed of the ball screw, enabling the flywheel to achieve a greater rotational speed and an inertial mass much larger than its physical mass, resulting in better structural vibration control.

[0016] S3. When the flywheel rotates at high speed, it causes the magnetic plate to rotate and cut the magnetic field lines generated by the electromagnet, thereby generating eddy currents in the magnetic plate. At this time, the eddy currents will generate a new magnetic field with the opposite direction to the magnetic field generated by the electromagnet, thus forming a damping force between the magnetic field generated by the electromagnet and the magnetic plate that hinders their relative motion. The resistance effect of the magnetic plate converts the kinetic energy gained by the magnetic plate into heat energy through the eddy currents and dissipates it.

[0017] Furthermore, the eddy current system adjusts the damping coefficient by changing the magnitude of the current input to the electromagnet.

[0018] When the main structure vibrates, the excitation energy is redistributed between the main structure and the eddy current inertial mass damper. A portion of the vibration energy of the main structure is transferred to the eddy current system, where it is converted into heat energy and dissipated, thus reducing the vibration effect of the main structure. The other portion of the energy is transferred to the inertial capacitive system, where the inertial mass generates a corresponding inertial force, thereby attenuating the vibration response. Attached Figure Description

[0019] To more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] In the diagram, 1. Top connecting ring; 2. Inner shell; 3. Slider; 4. Groove; 5. Ball nut; 6. Ball; 7. Ball screw; 8. First coupling; 9. Gearbox; 10. Second coupling; 11. Flywheel; 12. Magnetic plate; 13. Energized coil; 14. Connecting rod; 15. Ball bearing; 16. Outer shell; 17. Bottom connecting ring; 18. Core ring; 19. Iron core. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0023] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," and "counterclockwise," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limiting this invention.

[0024] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the stated features. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified. Furthermore, the terms "installed," "connected," and "linked" should be interpreted broadly; for example, they may refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they may refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they may refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they may refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0025] Example 1

[0026] like Figure 1 As shown,

[0027] A semi-active electromagnetic inertial-capacitive damper includes a housing 16, an inner housing 2, a ball screw system, an inertial-capacitive system, and an eddy current system, wherein:

[0028] The inner shell 2 extends through the top of the outer shell 16 into the interior of the outer shell 16, and the inner shell 2 can slide up and down inside the outer shell 16. A breathable core ring 18 is provided between the outer shell 16 and the inner shell 2. By setting the core ring 18, it is possible to ensure that the inner shell 2 slides along the outer shell 16 while preventing foreign objects from entering the interior of the outer shell 16 from the connection between the inner shell 2 and the outer shell 16 and causing damage to the internal components.

[0029] The inner wall of the outer shell 16 is provided with two grooves 4, which restrict the inner shell 2 so that the inner shell 2 can only slide up and down relative to the outer shell 16 within the grooves 4 and will not rotate. Specifically, a ball nut 5 is fixed to the bottom of the inner shell 2, and two sliders 3 are fixed to the outside of the ball nut 5. The sliders 3 are configured to cooperate with the grooves 4, and the sliders 3 can slide within the grooves 4, that is, the ball nut 5 can make linear motion within the outer shell 16.

[0030] The inner shell 2 is fixed with a top connecting ring 1 at the top outside the outer shell 16, and the bottom connecting ring 17 is fixed with the bottom of the outer shell 16. The top connecting ring 1 and the bottom connecting ring 17 are connected to the inner shell 2 and the outer shell 16 respectively. The ball nut 5 works in conjunction with the ball screw 7. Balls 6 are provided between the ball nut 5 and the ball screw 7. The ball nut 5 and the ball screw 7 form a ball screw pair system. When the structure is excited and deformed by external energy, the ball nut 5 converts the linear motion of the inner shell 2 into the rotational motion of the ball screw 7.

[0031] The inertial-capacitance system includes a first coupling 8, a second coupling 10, a gearbox 9, and a flywheel 11. One end of the gearbox 9 is connected to the bottom of the ball screw 7 through the first coupling 8, and the other end of the gearbox 9 is connected to the flywheel 11 through the second coupling 10.

[0032] The transmission 9 can amplify the rotational speed of the ball screw 7, allowing the flywheel 11 to achieve a greater rotational speed and an inertial mass much larger than its physical mass, resulting in better structural vibration control. The inertial capacitive system can obtain the required inertial force by replacing the flywheel 11 with one of different masses.

[0033] The eddy current system includes a magnetic plate 12 and an electromagnet. The magnetic plate 12 is connected to the flywheel 11. The electromagnet is set on the bottom wall of the housing 16 and is composed of an energized coil 13 wound around an iron core 19.

[0034] When the flywheel 11 rotates at high speed, it causes the magnetic plate 12 to rotate and cut the magnetic field lines generated by the electromagnet, thereby generating eddy currents in the magnetic plate 12. At this time, the eddy currents generate a new magnetic field with the opposite direction to the magnetic field generated by the electromagnet, thus forming a damping force between the magnetic field generated by the electromagnet and the magnetic plate 12 that hinders their relative motion. At the same time, the resistance effect of the magnetic plate 12 converts the kinetic energy obtained by the magnetic plate 12 into heat energy through the eddy currents and dissipates it.

[0035] Eddy current systems can adjust the damping coefficient by changing the current input to the electromagnet, thus achieving better semi-active structural vibration performance, a wider range of applications, and more flexible control targets.

[0036] The inertial capacitive system and the eddy current system are connected to the housing 16 by a connecting rod 14 and a ball bearing 15. Specifically, the ball bearing 15 is fixed on the bottom wall inside the housing 16, and the connecting rod 14 is fixed on the bottom of the magnetic plate 12. The bottom of the connecting rod 14 is rotatably connected to the ball bearing 15.

[0037] When the main structure vibrates, the excitation energy is redistributed between the main structure and the eddy current inertial mass damper. A portion of the vibration energy of the main structure is transferred to the eddy current system, where it is converted into heat and dissipated, reducing the vibration effect of the main structure. The remaining energy is transferred to the inertial capacitive system, where the inertial mass generates a corresponding inertial force, thus attenuating the vibration response. Furthermore, the semi-active electromagnetic inertial capacitive damper of this invention can control the magnitude of the inertial force provided by the inertial capacitive system and the damping force provided by the eddy current system according to the structural response, achieving superior semi-active structural vibration performance, a wider adaptability range, and flexible control options.

[0038] This invention utilizes an electromagnet to generate a magnetic field and a conductor plate to cut magnetic field lines, allowing the damper to adjust its damping force by changing the input current during operation. It features non-contact operation, easy adjustment, low cost, convenient manufacturing, and high energy efficiency. Combining this with the damping enhancement effect of an inertial capacitive system further improves its damping effect, achieving better vibration control.

[0039] The ball screw pair system in this invention converts the linear motion between the inner and outer shells connected to the structure into the rotational motion of the ball screw via the ball nut, thereby driving the flywheel in the inertial capacitance system and the magnetic plate in the eddy current system to rotate. Compared with the ball nut driving other systems, using the ball screw to drive other systems is more stable, and the ball screw has higher working efficiency within the same working stroke.

[0040] The inertial capacitive system in this invention has a significant inertial mass effect. The rotational speed of the ball screw is input into the transmission, which amplifies the input rotational speed and then inputs it into the mass element (flywheel), thereby obtaining an inertial mass much larger than its physical mass, resulting in better structural vibration control.

[0041] In this invention, the eddy current system uses electromagnets instead of permanent magnets to generate the magnetic field. When the damper is working, the damping coefficient can be adjusted by changing the current input to the electromagnet, achieving semi-active control of the structure.

[0042] This invention is simple to manufacture and construct, easy to maintain, and convenient to install and replace parts. It eliminates issues of magnetic leakage and sealing, exhibits good temperature adaptability, and meets the requirements of practical engineering projects regarding damper size limitations, damping force and inertial force variation methods, and heat dissipation efficiency. It has a wider range of applications and does not pollute the environment. The eddy current and inertial capacitance systems of this damper do not rely on mechanical friction for energy dissipation, reducing damper losses and extending its service life. When used in building structures, damping can be controlled by changing the input electromagnet current and the flywheel mass to achieve superior semi-active structural vibration effects, a wider adaptability range, and flexible control targets.

[0043] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A semi-active electromagnetic type inerter damper, characterized by, The utility model provides a kind of structure for vibration control, including shell, inner shell, ball screw pair system, inertial mass system and eddy current system, the inner shell can slide up and down in the shell, the bottom of the inner shell is connected with the ball screw pair system, the bottom of the ball screw pair system is fixed with the inertial mass system, the bottom of the inertial mass system is fixed with the eddy current system;The ball screw pair system includes ball nut and ball screw, the ball nut is used with the ball screw, and ball is arranged between the ball nut and the ball screw;The ball nut is fixed in the bottom of the inner shell, the inner wall of the shell is provided with recess, the outer side of the ball nut is fixed with sliding block, and the sliding block can slide in the recess;The inertial mass system includes first coupling, second coupling, transmission and flywheel, one end of the transmission is connected with the bottom of the ball screw through the first coupling, and the other end of the transmission is connected with the flywheel through the second coupling;The eddy current system includes magnetic conducting plate and electromagnet, the magnetic conducting plate is connected with the flywheel, and the electromagnet is arranged on the bottom wall of the shell;Ball bearing is fixed on the inner bottom wall of the shell, the bottom of the magnetic conducting plate is fixed with connecting rod, and the bottom of the connecting rod is rotatably connected with the ball bearing.

2. The semi-active electromagnetic type inerter damper according to claim 1, wherein, Air-permeable core ring is arranged between the shell and the inner shell.

3. The semi-active electromagnetic type inerter damper according to claim 1, wherein, The top of the inner shell is provided with top connecting ring, and the bottom of the shell is fixed with bottom connecting ring.

4. The method of using a semi-active electromagnetic based inerter damper of claim 1, wherein, The utility model provides a kind of structure for vibration control, including the following steps: S1, when structure is deformed by external energy excitation, ball nut converts linear motion of inner shell into rotary motion of ball screw; S2, transmission amplifies the rotary speed of ball screw, so that flywheel obtains greater rotary speed, obtains much larger inertial mass than its physical mass, and obtains better structural vibration control effect; S3, when flywheel rotates at high speed, magnetic conducting plate rotates and cuts the magnetic induction line generated by electromagnet, so as to generate eddy current in magnetic conducting plate, at this time, the new magnetic field generated by eddy current is opposite to the direction of magnetic field generated by electromagnet, so as to form damping force between the magnetic field generated by electromagnet and the magnetic conducting plate, which hinders the relative motion of the two, and the resistance effect of magnetic conducting plate converts the kinetic energy obtained by magnetic conducting plate into heat energy through eddy current and dissipates it; Eddy current system adjusts the size of damping coefficient by changing the current size of input electromagnet.

Images