A signal transceiver method for a low-profile, common-aperture, multi-phase central array antenna

Abstract

This invention relates to a signal transmission and reception method for a low-profile, common-aperture, multi-phase central array antenna, belonging to the field of antenna technology. It solves the problems of low antenna aperture utilization and excessively large antenna size in existing technologies. The signal transmission and reception method of this invention includes an electromagnetic wave radiation method and an electromagnetic wave reception method; the feeding network includes a transmitting network and a receiving network; the electromagnetic wave radiation method involves the electromagnetic signal being sequentially transmitted through the transmitting network to the circulator assembly and waveguide subarray antenna elements, and then radiated through the waveguide subarray antenna elements; the electromagnetic wave reception method involves the electromagnetic signal received by the waveguide subarray antenna elements being sequentially transmitted to the circulator assembly and the receiving network for signal reception. This invention uses a slit-series feeding method to feed the waveguide antenna, saving feeding network space. Utilizing the characteristics of the circulator assembly, it cleverly achieves multiplexing of multiple subarrays and shared transmitting and receiving channels, thus improving antenna efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of antenna technology, and in particular to a signal transmission and reception method for a low-profile, common-aperture, multi-phase center array antenna. Background Technology

[0002] Once the missile enters the terminal attack phase, in order to achieve a precise strike on the target, an active imaging homing terminal guidance method is required. This method involves using detection sensors to image sensitive targets in the area directly in front of the missile's flight path, extracting target features from the radar image for target identification, obtaining measurement information, and outputting guidance information to the missile to guide it in accurately tracking the target and completing a precise strike.

[0003] Antenna technology greatly facilitates guidance and control during the terminal attack phase of missiles, primarily applied to forward-looking imaging radar technology. Radar imaging involves a radar antenna emitting a designed microwave signal. When this microwave signal encounters a target, it generates a scattered field. This scattered signal, containing target information, is received by the radar antenna after propagation. The direction of the radar beam illumination needs to have a certain angle with the flight direction of the carrier to obtain the azimuth Doppler bandwidth. Target resolution is achieved using pulse compression technology with linear frequency modulated signals and the azimuth Doppler generated by the relative motion between the radar and the target, ultimately obtaining ground scene images with high range and azimuth resolution.

[0004] Forward-looking imaging radar (FLIR) technology greatly facilitates guidance and control during the terminal attack phase of missiles. The implementation of FLIR technology primarily relies on antenna technology, which transmits and receives signals to image targets. Existing antennas suffer from low aperture utilization and excessively large size. Given the current requirements for anti-jamming and lightweight platforms, broadband, low-profile antennas are required. To obtain high-resolution range and azimuth images of the ground scene, a multi-phase central array antenna needs to be designed. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Based on the above analysis, the present invention aims to provide a signal transmission and reception method for a low-profile, common-aperture, multi-phase center array antenna to solve the problems of low aperture utilization and excessively large antenna size in existing antennas.

[0006] The objective of this invention is mainly achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0007] A signal transmission and reception method for a low-profile co-aperture multi-phase central array antenna, wherein the low-profile co-aperture multi-phase central array antenna includes: waveguide subarray antenna elements, circulator assembly, and feed network;

[0008] The signal transmission and reception method includes an electromagnetic wave radiation method and an electromagnetic wave reception method; the power supply network includes a transmitting network and a receiving network.

[0009] The electromagnetic wave radiation method includes: electromagnetic signals are sequentially transmitted to the circulator assembly and the waveguide subarray antenna unit through the transmitting network, and electromagnetic signals are radiated through the waveguide subarray antenna unit;

[0010] The electromagnetic wave receiving method includes: the electromagnetic signals received by the waveguide subarray antenna element are sequentially transmitted to the circulator assembly and the receiving network for signal reception.

[0011] Furthermore, the circulator assembly includes multiple circulators arranged in parallel; each circulator is provided with a circulator port 1, a circulator port 2, and a circulator port 3; the waveguide subarray antenna element is provided with a first ET power divider and is connected to the circulator port 3 through the first ET power divider.

[0012] Furthermore, the transmission network includes: a transmission channel and three first HT power dividers; the transmission channel is split into four channels by two-stage series connection of the three first HT power dividers.

[0013] Furthermore, the transmission channel is connected to the circulator port 2 of the circulator combination via the first HT power divider.

[0014] Furthermore, the receiving network includes: multiple receiving channels, a second HT power divider, and a second ET power divider. Each receiving channel is split into four channels by three second HT power dividers connected in series in two stages. A second ET power divider is provided at the end of the receiving channel. The receiving channel is connected to a circulator via the second ET power divider.

[0015] Furthermore, the electromagnetic wave is connected in the forward direction and cut off in the reverse direction in the closed loop formed by circulator port 1, circulator port 2, circulator port 3, and circulator port 1 in the circulator.

[0016] Furthermore, the electromagnetic wave radiation method includes:

[0017] Step A1: The electromagnetic signal is fed into the transmission network from the port of the transmission channel; and is split into four paths by the first HT power divider of the transmission network;

[0018] Step A2: The electromagnetic signal is transmitted to port 2 of the circulator through the first HT power divider of the transmitting network; and then transmitted sequentially from port 2 to port 3 of the circulator.

[0019] Step A3: Finally, the electromagnetic waves are transmitted to the waveguide subarray antenna element through the circulator three-port and the first ET power divider to radiate to the outside.

[0020] Furthermore, the electromagnetic wave receiving method includes:

[0021] Step B1: The waveguide subarray antenna element receives electromagnetic signals in space and transmits them to port 3 of the circulator through the first ET power divider;

[0022] Step B2: The electromagnetic signal is transmitted from port 3 to port 1 of the circulator in the circulator;

[0023] Step B3: The circulator is connected to the second ET power divider of the receiving network; then the electromagnetic signal is transmitted to the receiving channel through the receiving network for signal reception.

[0024] Furthermore, the radiated signal of the waveguide subarray antenna element includes:

[0025] Step S1: The electromagnetic wave enters the feed waveguide through the first ET power divider;

[0026] Step S2: The feeding waveguide feeds electromagnetic waves into the radiating unit through a series feeding method using coupling slots;

[0027] Step S3: Radiate electromagnetic wave energy into space through the radiation gaps of the radiation unit.

[0028] Furthermore, the waveguide subarray antenna element receives signals including:

[0029] Step Q1: The radiating element receives electromagnetic waves in space;

[0030] Step Q2: The electromagnetic wave is transmitted to the first ET power divider through the feed waveguide;

[0031] Step Q3: The first ET power divider transmits electromagnetic waves to the circulator assembly.

[0032] The technical solution of this invention can achieve at least one of the following effects:

[0033] Given the current requirements for anti-interference and lightweight carrier platforms, wide bandwidth and low profile antennas are required. The antenna of this invention adopts a waveguide resonant cavity unit form, which can effectively improve the antenna operating bandwidth. By using a waveguide coupling slot series feeding method, five subarrays are integrated into one aperture, realizing a low profile common aperture design.

[0034] The feed network is designed with equal path lengths, and the five subarrays can be used individually or in groups for transmission and reception. Appropriate apertures can be selected for different application scenarios, enriching the application scenarios of the radar. At the same time, the multi-phase central subarray reception can achieve azimuth Doppler bandwidth, thus providing the possibility for forward-looking imaging. The antenna has the characteristics of high gain, low profile, and high polarization isolation.

[0035] In this invention, the above-described technical solutions can be combined with each other to achieve more preferred combinations. Other features and advantages of this invention will be set forth in the following description, and some advantages may become apparent from the description or be learned by practicing the invention. The objects and other advantages of this invention can be realized and obtained from what is particularly pointed out in the description and drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0036] The accompanying drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the invention. Throughout the drawings, the same reference numerals denote the same parts.

[0037] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a broadband, low-profile, co-aperture, multi-phase central array antenna structure.

[0038] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a broadband, low-profile, co-aperture, multi-phase central array antenna.

[0039] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a 2×24 waveguide subarray antenna element structure;

[0040] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the circulator assembly structure;

[0041] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the power supply network structure;

[0042] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the transmission network structure;

[0043] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the receiving network structure.

[0044] Figure label:

[0045] 101-Waveguide subarray antenna element; 102-Circulator assembly; 103-Transmit channel; 104-First receiving channel; 105-Second receiving channel; 106-Third receiving channel; 107-Fourth receiving channel; 108-Fifth receiving channel; 301-Radiating element; 302-Feed waveguide; 303-First ET power divider; 401-Circulator port 1; 402-Circulator port 2; 403-Circulator port 3; 501-HT power divider; 502-Second ET power divider. Detailed Implementation

[0046] The preferred embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, which constitute a part of the present invention and are used together with the embodiments of the present invention to illustrate the principles of the present invention, but are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0047] Example 1

[0048] This embodiment provides a signal transmission and reception method for a low-profile co-aperture multi-phase central array antenna. The low-profile co-aperture multi-phase central array antenna includes: a waveguide subarray antenna element 101, a circulator assembly 102, and a feeding network. The signal transmission and reception method includes an electromagnetic wave radiation method and an electromagnetic wave reception method. The feeding network includes a transmitting network and a receiving network. The electromagnetic wave radiation method involves transmitting electromagnetic signals sequentially through the transmitting network to the circulator assembly 102 and the waveguide subarray antenna element 101, and radiating electromagnetic signals through the waveguide subarray antenna element 101. The electromagnetic wave reception method involves receiving electromagnetic signals received by the waveguide subarray antenna element 101 sequentially through the circulator assembly 102 and the receiving network for signal reception.

[0049] Furthermore, the circulator assembly 102 includes multiple circulators arranged in parallel; each circulator is provided with a circulator port 401, a circulator port 402, and a circulator port 403.

[0050] The waveguide subarray antenna element 101 is provided with a first ET power divider 303, and is connected to the circulator three-port 403 through the first ET power divider 303.

[0051] The transmission network includes: a transmission channel 103 and two levels of three HT power dividers 501; the transmission channel 103 is split into four channels through the two levels of three HT power dividers 501; the transmission channel 103 is connected to the circulator port 402 of the circulator assembly 102 through the HT power dividers 501.

[0052] The receiving network includes: multiple receiving channels and HT power dividers 501. Each receiving channel is split into four channels by two levels of three HT power dividers 501. A second ET power divider 502 is provided at the end of the receiving channel. The receiving channel is connected to the circulator port 401 of the circulator assembly 102 through the second ET power divider 502.

[0053] Furthermore, electromagnetic waves are connected in the circulator in a forward-facing closed loop formed by circulator port 401, circulator port 402, circulator port 403, and circulator port 401, and cut off in the reverse direction. In other words, the circulator operates by forming a complete closed loop in the direction of circulator port 401 → circulator port 402 → circulator port 403 → circulator port 401, with the closed loop connected in the forward direction and cut off in the reverse direction. After multiple waveguide subarray antenna elements 101 are combined with the circulator, the circulator is simultaneously connected to both the receiving channel and the transmitting channel 103, realizing the shared transmission and reception of the waveguide subarray antenna elements 101.

[0054] Furthermore, the electromagnetic wave radiation method includes:

[0055] Step A1: The electromagnetic signal is fed into the transmission network through the port of the transmission channel 103; and is split into four paths by three HT power dividers 501 in two stages of the transmission network;

[0056] Step A2: The electromagnetic signal is transmitted to port 402 of the circulator via the HT power divider 501 of the transmitting network; and then transmitted sequentially from port 402 to port 403 of the circulator.

[0057] Step A3: Finally, the electromagnetic waves are transmitted to the waveguide subarray antenna element 101 through the circulator three-port 403 and the first ET power divider 303 to radiate to the outside.

[0058] Furthermore, the electromagnetic wave receiving method includes:

[0059] Step B1: Waveguide subarray antenna element 101 receives electromagnetic signals in space and transmits them to circulator port 403 through the first ET power divider 303;

[0060] Step B2: The electromagnetic signal is transmitted from port 3 403 to port 1 401 of the circulator in the circulator;

[0061] Step B3: The circulator port 401 is connected to the second ET power divider 502 of the receiving network; then the electromagnetic signal is transmitted to the receiving channel through the receiving network for signal reception.

[0062] In one specific embodiment of the present invention, the power supply network includes: a transmitting channel 103 and five receiving channels; the transmitting channel 103 is used to radiate electromagnetic wave signals into the external space; the receiving channels are used to receive electromagnetic waves propagating from space and input them into the radar receiver.

[0063] The five receiving channels are: first receiving channel 104, second receiving channel 105, third receiving channel 106, fourth receiving channel 107, and fifth receiving channel 108.

[0064] The five receiving channels are connected to the twelve waveguide subarray antenna elements 101 via the twelve circulators of the circulator assembly 102. Each receiving channel is connected to four waveguide subarray antenna elements 101.

[0065] Transmit channel 103, first receive channel 104, second receive channel 105, third receive channel 106, fourth receive channel 107, and fifth receive channel 108 are all split into four channels through two stages of three HT power dividers 501; for example... Figure 1 As shown.

[0066] Specifically, each channel is connected to four waveguide subarray antenna elements 101, the difference being that the specific waveguide subarray antenna elements 101 connected are numbered differently.

[0067] Specifically, such as Figure 2 As shown, the 12 waveguide subarray antenna elements 101 are numbered sequentially, where:

[0068] The four waveguide subarray antenna elements 101, numbered 1-4, are connected to the first receiving channel 104 via a circulator;

[0069] The four waveguide subarray antenna elements 101, numbered 3-6, are connected to the second receiving channel 105 via a circulator;

[0070] The four waveguide subarray antenna elements 101, numbered 5-8, are connected to the third receiving channel 106 via a circulator;

[0071] The four waveguide subarray antenna elements 101, numbered 6-10, are connected to the fourth receiving channel 107 via a circulator;

[0072] The four waveguide subarray antenna elements 101, numbered 8-12, are connected to the fifth receiving channel 108 via a circulator;

[0073] Furthermore, the four waveguide subarray antenna elements 101, numbered 4-8, are connected to the transmission channel 103 via a circulator, such as... Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown.

[0074] In this invention, the four waveguide subarray antenna elements 101 numbered 4-8 achieve transmit-receive multiplexing, that is, simultaneously connect to the receiving channel and the transmitting channel 103. The eight waveguide subarray antenna elements 101 numbered 3-10 achieve receive multiplexing, that is, simultaneously connect to two receiving channels. Specifically, waveguide subarray antenna elements 101 numbered 3 and 4 are simultaneously connected to the first receiving channel 104 and the second receiving channel 105; waveguide subarray antenna elements 101 numbered 5 and 6 are simultaneously connected to the second receiving channel 105 and the third receiving channel 106; waveguide subarray antenna elements 101 numbered 7 and 8 are simultaneously connected to the third receiving channel 106 and the fourth receiving channel 107; and waveguide subarray antenna elements 101 numbered 9 and 10 are simultaneously connected to the fourth receiving channel 107 and the fifth receiving channel 108.

[0075] In one specific embodiment of the present invention, in order to achieve the receive multiplexing and transmit multiplexing of the above-mentioned two waveguide subarray antenna elements 101, the present invention designs as follows: Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 7The power supply network shown is specifically comprised of a transmitting network and a receiving network. The transmitting network includes one transmitting channel 103 and three HT power dividers 501, each HT power divider 501 splitting the transmitting channel 103 into four paths. The receiving network includes multiple receiving channels and HT power dividers 501; each receiving channel is split into four paths by the HT power dividers 501. Furthermore, to connect the receiving channels to the circulator, each end of the receiving network is equipped with a second ET power divider 502, which connects to the circulator assembly 102.

[0076] Specifically, one HT power divider 501 can split the signal of the transmitting channel 103 or the receiving channel into two paths; three HT power dividers 501 connected in series in two stages can split the signal of the transmitting channel 103 or the receiving channel into four paths.

[0077] Furthermore, such as Figure 6 As shown, the receiving channel is divided into odd-numbered receiving channels and even-numbered receiving channels; the odd-numbered receiving channels and even-numbered receiving channels are set alternately; the even-numbered receiving channels and the odd-numbered receiving channels on both sides share the second ET power divider 502.

[0078] In one specific embodiment of the present invention, the receiving channel includes: a first receiving channel 104, a second receiving channel 105, a third receiving channel 106, a fourth receiving channel 107, and a fifth receiving channel 108.

[0079] Specifically, four second ET power dividers 502 are provided at the end of the second receiving channel 105. The two ET power dividers 502 on the left are shared with the two second ET power dividers 502 of the first receiving channel 104; the two ET power dividers 502 on the right are shared with the two second ET power dividers 502 of the third receiving channel 106. Similarly, four second ET power dividers 502 are provided at the end of the fourth receiving channel 107. The two ET power dividers 502 on the left are shared with the two second ET power dividers 502 of the third receiving channel 106; the two ET power dividers 502 on the right are shared with the two second ET power dividers 502 of the fifth receiving channel 108. Figure 6 As shown.

[0080] In this invention, the first receiving channel 104, the second receiving channel 105, the third receiving channel 106, the fourth receiving channel 107, and the fifth receiving channel 108 are split into four channels by three HT power dividers 501 in two stages. At the end of each receiving channel branch, a second ET power divider 502 is provided, connecting to the circulator port 401 of the circulator, and then to the waveguide subarray antenna element 101. Specifically, the second receiving channel 105 shares the second ET power divider 502 with the first receiving channel 104 and the third receiving channel 106 on both sides, and the fourth receiving channel 107 shares the second ET power divider 502 with the third receiving channel 106 and the fifth receiving channel 108 on both sides. This allows the connection between the receiving channel and the waveguide subarray antenna element 101 to be achieved with only 12 second ET power dividers 502 at the end of the receiving channel branch of the feed network, realizing antenna subarray multiplexing and reducing the number of waveguide subarray antenna elements 101 and circulators, thereby reducing the size of the array antenna.

[0081] In practice: The multiplexing of low-profile, co-aperture, multi-phase center array antennas is achieved as follows: Figure 2 As shown: There are 12 waveguide subarray antenna elements 101. The correspondence between the waveguide subarray antenna element numbers 101 and the feed network channels is as follows:

[0082] First subarray (receiving subarray): Waveguide subarray antenna elements 101 numbered 1 to 4 are connected to the first receiving channel 104; waveguide subarray antenna elements 101 numbered 3 to 6 are connected to the second receiving channel 105.

[0083] Second subarray (transmit-receive multiplexing subarray): Waveguide subarray antenna elements 101 numbered 5 to 8 are connected to the transmit-receive shared channel, that is, waveguide subarray antenna elements 101 numbered 5 to 8 are simultaneously connected to the transmit channel 103 and the third receive channel 106.

[0084] The third subarray (receiving subarray): Waveguide subarray antenna elements 101 numbered 5 to 8, numbered 7 to 10, are connected to the fourth receiving channel 107.

[0085] The third subarray (receiving subarray): Waveguide subarray antenna elements 101 numbered 5 to 8, numbered 9 to 12, are connected to the fifth receiving channel 108.

[0086] Among them, waveguide subarray antenna elements 101 numbered 5 to 8 are simultaneously connected to the transmitting channel 103 and the third receiving channel 106; thus realizing the multiplexing of the subarray and improving the efficiency of the antenna.

[0087] In this invention, with the circulator connected in the forward direction and disconnected in the reverse direction, the four branches of the third receiving channel 106 are connected to the circulator port 401 of the circulator assembly 102, and then connected to the four waveguide subarray antenna elements 101 numbered 5-8 through the circulator port 403 to form a receiving subarray; at the same time, the four branches of the transmitting channel 103 are connected to the circulator port 402, and then connected to the same four waveguide subarray antenna elements 101 through the circulator port 403 to form a transmitting subarray; the subarray formed by the four waveguide subarray antenna elements 101 serves as both the receiving subarray of the third receiving channel 106 and the transmitting subarray of the transmitting channel 103, thus achieving shared transmission and reception.

[0088] In one specific embodiment of the present invention, each waveguide subarray antenna element 101 includes: multiple radiating elements 301, a feeding waveguide 302, and a first ET power divider 303. Multiple radiating elements 301 are arranged on one side of the feeding waveguide 302, and the first ET power divider is arranged on the other side. Specifically, the radiating elements 301 adopt a resonant cavity waveguide antenna form, each radiating element 301 containing four radiating slots, with the four radiating slots sharing a single resonant cavity; the radiating elements 301 can realize electromagnetic wave radiation function. This type of antenna is characterized by a wide operating bandwidth, simple structure, and low overall profile. The feeding waveguide 302 feeds the radiating elements 301 through a series feeding method with oblique slots, together constituting the wide bandwidth and low profile design of the antenna.

[0089] In one specific embodiment of the present invention, such as Figure 3 As shown, the waveguide subarray antenna element 101 includes 12 radiating elements 301, each radiating element 301 includes 4 radiating slots. Electromagnetic waves enter the feed waveguide 302 through the first ET power divider 303. The feed waveguide 302 feeds the electromagnetic waves into the radiating elements 301 through the coupling slots, and then radiates the energy into space through the radiating slots.

[0090] Furthermore, the process by which the waveguide subarray antenna element 101 radiates signals is as follows:

[0091] Step S1: Electromagnetic waves enter the feed waveguide 302 through the first ET power divider 303;

[0092] Step S2: The feeding waveguide 302 feeds electromagnetic waves into the radiating unit 301 through a series feeding method via a coupling slot;

[0093] Step S3: Radiate electromagnetic wave energy into space through the radiation gap of the radiation unit 301.

[0094] The process of the waveguide subarray antenna element 101 receiving signals is as follows:

[0095] Step Q1: Radiation unit 301 receives electromagnetic waves in space;

[0096] Step Q2: Electromagnetic waves are transmitted to the first ET power divider 303 through the feed waveguide 302;

[0097] Step Q3: The first ET power divider 303 transmits electromagnetic waves to the circulator assembly 102.

[0098] Example 2

[0099] This embodiment provides a broadband low-profile co-aperture multi-phase center array antenna for use in the signal transceiver method of Embodiment 1;

[0100] Specifically, the low-profile, common-aperture, multi-phase central array antenna of the present invention includes: a feed network, a circulator assembly 102, and multiple waveguide subarray antenna elements 101; the circulator assembly 102 comprises 12 linearly arranged circulators, and the multiple waveguide subarray antenna elements 101 are arranged at equal intervals to form a radiating array. The transmit channel 103 and multiple receive channels are connected to the circulator assembly 102 via the feed network. The multiple circulators of the circulator assembly 102 are respectively connected to the multiple waveguide subarray antenna elements 101, each waveguide subarray antenna element 101 forming a subarray. Each subarray is arranged at equal intervals to constitute a multi-phase central array antenna.

[0101] In this invention, by setting the second receiving channel 105 to share four ET power dividers 502 with the first receiving channel 104 and the third receiving channel 106, the second receiving channel 105 and the first receiving channel 104 are simultaneously connected to waveguide subarray antenna elements 101 numbered 3 and 4, and the second receiving channel 105 and the third receiving channel 106 are simultaneously connected to waveguide subarray antenna elements 101 numbered 5 and 6, thereby realizing the receiving multiplexing of waveguide subarray antenna elements 101 numbered 3-6.

[0102] In this invention, by setting the fourth receiving channel 107 to share four ET power dividers 502 with the third receiving channel 106 and the fifth receiving channel 108, the fourth receiving channel 107 and the third receiving channel 106 share waveguide subarray antenna elements 101 numbered 7 and 8, and the fourth receiving channel 107 and the fifth receiving channel 108 share waveguide subarray antenna elements 101 numbered 9 and 10, thereby realizing the receiving multiplexing of waveguide subarray antenna elements 101 numbered 6-10.

[0103] Furthermore, two HT power dividers 501 are provided at the end of the transmission channel 103, providing a total of four output ports. The transmission channel 103 is connected to waveguide subarray antenna elements 101 numbered 5-8 via a circulator, realizing transmit-receive multiplexing of waveguide subarray antenna elements 101 numbered 5-8.

[0104] Furthermore, the receiving channel is equipped with a total of 12 second ET power dividers 502. Correspondingly, the circulator assembly 102 contains 12 circulators; the waveguide subarray antenna element 101 also has 12.

[0105] Furthermore, such as Figure 5 As shown, the interfaces of the multiple second ET power dividers 502 of the receiving channel and the interfaces of the HT power dividers 501 of the transmitting channel 103 are located on the same plane.

[0106] Furthermore, the three HT power dividers 501 of the second receiving channel 105 and the three HT power dividers 501 of the first receiving channel 104 are respectively disposed on both sides of the ET power divider 502 and are located on the same plane. The three HT power dividers 501 of the second receiving channel 105 and the three HT power dividers 501 of the third receiving channel 104 are respectively disposed on both sides of the ET power divider 502 and are located on the same plane.

[0107] Similarly, the HT power divider 501 of the fourth receiving channel 107 and the HT power dividers 501 of the third receiving channel 106 and the fifth receiving channel 108 are respectively disposed on both sides of the ET power divider 502 and are located on the same plane; as Figure 6 As shown.

[0108] By distributing the HT power divider 501 with even-numbered and odd-numbered receiving channels on both sides of the ET power divider 502 and setting them in a staggered manner, the ET power divider 502 is multiplexed, thereby enabling the multiplexing of the antenna subarray, improving the antenna aperture utilization rate, and reducing the antenna size and weight.

[0109] The circulator operates on the principle of forming a complete closed loop in the direction of circulator port 401 → circulator port 402 → circulator port 403 → circulator port 401, with the closed loop connected in the forward direction and disconnected in the reverse direction. The output port of the first ET power divider 303 of each waveguide subarray antenna element 101 is connected to the circulator port 403 of the circulator assembly 102; the transmit channel 103 is connected to the circulator port 402 of the circulator assembly 102 via the HT power divider 501. The receive channel is connected to the circulator port 401 of the circulator assembly 102 via the second ET power divider 502. The transmit channel 103 is connected to the circulator assembly 102 via the circulator port 402, and the circulator assembly 102 is connected to four waveguide subarray antenna elements 101 via the circulator port 403. These four waveguide subarray antenna elements 101 form a transmit subarray. The receiving channel is connected to the circulator assembly 102 through circulator port 401, and the circulator assembly 102 is connected to the waveguide subarray antenna element 101 through circulator port 403 to form a receiving subarray.

[0110] Therefore, the signal transmission process of the low-profile common-aperture multi-phase center array antenna is as follows:

[0111] Electromagnetic signals are fed into the transmitting network through the port of transmitting channel 103; and are split into four paths by three HT power dividers 501 in two stages of the transmitting network; the electromagnetic signals are transmitted to port 2 402 of the circulator through the HT power divider 501 of the transmitting network; and are transmitted sequentially from port 2 402 to port 3 403 of the circulator; and finally transmitted from port 3 403 of the circulator and the first ET power divider 303 to the waveguide subarray antenna element 101 to radiate electromagnetic waves to the outside.

[0112] The signal reception process of a low-profile, common-aperture, multi-phase center array antenna is as follows:

[0113] The waveguide subarray antenna element 101 receives electromagnetic signals in space and transmits them to the circulator port 403 via the first ET power divider 303. The electromagnetic signals are then transmitted from the circulator port 403 to the circulator port 401. The circulator port 401 is connected to the second ET power divider 502 of the receiving network. The electromagnetic signals are then transmitted to the receiving channel through the receiving network for signal reception.

[0114] Furthermore, the first receiving channel 104, the second receiving channel 105, the fourth receiving channel 107, and the fifth receiving channel 108 are all connected to the waveguide subarray antenna element 101 through the circulator port 401, forming four receiving subarrays respectively, and finally forming a one-transmit, five-receive multi-phase center array antenna.

[0115] The low-profile, common-aperture, multi-phase central array antenna of the present invention achieves a six-channel function, with each channel containing four waveguide subarray antenna elements 101. Theoretically, a total of 24 waveguide subarray antenna elements 101 are required for transmission and reception. The present invention reduces the number of waveguide subarray antenna elements 101 to 12 by setting a circulator and a feeding network. Among them, waveguide subarray antenna elements 101 numbered 5-8 achieve transmit-receive multiplexing (serving as both receiving and transmitting units), and the eight waveguide subarray antenna elements 101 numbered 3-10 achieve receive subarray multiplexing (serving as receiving units for two receiving channels simultaneously). This achieves the multiplexing design of the antenna subarray and reduces the size of the antenna.

[0116] In one specific embodiment of the present invention, the spacing between adjacent receiving channels is 30mm, such as... Figure 5 As shown. Further, the 12 waveguide subarray antenna elements 101 are arranged at equal intervals of 15mm to form a radiating array, the array structure of which is shown in the attached diagram. Figure 1 As shown.

[0117] Compared with the prior art, the technical solution provided in this embodiment has at least one of the following beneficial effects:

[0118] 1. Embodiments of this invention provide a broadband, low-profile, co-aperture, multi-phase central array antenna. It employs a resonant cavity antenna element, featuring a broadband, low-profile design. Simultaneously, it utilizes a slanted-slot series feeding method, saving feed network space and facilitating subarray reuse, thus improving the antenna aperture utilization. It achieves the requirements of traditional antenna layouts using only half the aperture. This effectively increases the antenna's operating bandwidth. Through waveguide coupling slot series feeding, five subarrays are integrated into a single aperture, achieving a low-profile, co-aperture design. This invention features a fully waveguide design, simple structure, and mature, reliable technology. All materials are machined from aluminum substrates and vacuum brazed, all domestically produced, eliminating reliance on imported materials.

[0119] 2. This invention employs a novel unit configuration: the resonant cavity waveguide antenna shares a single resonant cavity across its four slots. This configuration results in a wider antenna unit bandwidth, and the low-profile design of the antenna is achieved through the surrounding resonant cavity. This invention provides a high-gain, low-profile, and highly polarization-isolated broadband common-aperture multi-phase center array antenna.

[0120] 3. The waveguide antenna is fed by a series oblique slot feeding method, which replaces the parallel feeding method, saves the feeding network space, and cleverly realizes the multiplexing of multiple subarrays by utilizing the characteristics of circulator combination, and realizes the sharing of transmit and receive channels.

[0121] 4. The five receiving subarrays are arranged at equal intervals to form a multi-phase central array antenna.

[0122] This invention employs a resonant cavity antenna element with oblique slot series feeding, which enables broadband low profile antenna design. This facilitates the formation of a multi-phase center subarray for multiplexing in the feed grid layout, improving antenna utilization. It achieves the requirements of traditional antenna layout using only half of the aperture area. More importantly, it provides a smaller length for forward-looking imaging radar, which can effectively improve its directional resolution. The Doppler frequency shift generated by the multi-phase center makes the realization of forward-looking imaging technology possible.

[0123] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A signal transmission and reception method for a low-profile, common-aperture, multi-phase central array antenna, characterized in that, The low-profile co-aperture multi-phase center array antenna includes: waveguide subarray antenna elements (101), circulator assembly (102), and a feeding network; the signal transmission and reception method includes an electromagnetic wave radiation method and an electromagnetic wave reception method; the feeding network includes a transmitting network and a receiving network; the feeding network includes: one transmitting channel and five receiving channels; the five receiving channels are connected to the 12 waveguide subarray antenna elements respectively through 12 circulators of the circulator assembly; the 12 waveguide subarray antenna elements (101) are numbered sequentially, wherein: the four waveguide subarray antenna elements (101) numbered 1-4 are connected to the first receiving channel (102) through a circulator. 04) Connection; Four waveguide subarray antenna elements (101) numbered 3-6 are connected to the second receiving channel (105) via a circulator; Four waveguide subarray antenna elements (101) numbered 5-8 are connected to the third receiving channel (106) via a circulator; Four waveguide subarray antenna elements (101) numbered 6-10 are connected to the fourth receiving channel (107) via a circulator; Four waveguide subarray antenna elements (101) numbered 8-12 are connected to the fifth receiving channel (108) via a circulator; and Four waveguide subarray antenna elements (101) numbered 4-8 are connected to the transmitting channel (103) via a circulator; The electromagnetic wave radiation method includes: electromagnetic signals are sequentially transmitted through a transmission network to a circulator assembly (102) and a waveguide subarray antenna unit (101), and electromagnetic signals are radiated through the waveguide subarray antenna unit (101); the transmission network includes: a transmission channel (103) and three first HT power dividers (501); the transmission channel (103) is split into four channels by two-stage series connection of the three first HT power dividers (501); The electromagnetic wave receiving method includes: the electromagnetic signal received by the waveguide subarray antenna unit (101) is sequentially transmitted to the circulator assembly (102) and the receiving network for signal reception; the first receiving channel (104), the second receiving channel (105), the third receiving channel (106), the fourth receiving channel (107), and the fifth receiving channel (108) of the receiving network are split into four channels through three HT power dividers in two stages; a second ET power divider (502) is set at the end of the receiving channel and connected to the circulator port (401) of the circulator, and then connected to the waveguide subarray antenna unit (101). The array antenna unit (101) is connected; the second receiving channel (105) shares the second ET power divider (502) with the first receiving channel (104) and the third receiving channel (106) on both sides, and the fourth receiving channel (107) shares the second ET power divider (502) with the third receiving channel (106) and the fifth receiving channel (108) on both sides, so that only 12 second ET power dividers (502) are set at the end of the receiving channel of the feed network to realize the connection between the receiving channel and the waveguide subarray antenna unit (101), thus realizing the multiplexing of the antenna subarray.

2. The signal transmission and reception method for a low-profile, common-aperture, multi-phase central array antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The circulator assembly (102) includes multiple circulators arranged in parallel; each circulator is provided with a circulator port 1 (401), a circulator port 2 (402), and a circulator port 3 (403); the waveguide subarray antenna unit (101) is provided with a first ET power divider (303), and is connected to the circulator port 3 (403) through the first ET power divider (303).

3. The signal transmission and reception method for a low-profile, common-aperture, multi-phase central array antenna according to claim 2, characterized in that, The transmission channel (103) is connected to the circulator port (402) of the circulator assembly (102) via the first HT power divider.

4. The signal transmission and reception method for a low-profile, common-aperture, multi-phase central array antenna according to claim 3, characterized in that, The receiving network includes: multiple receiving channels, a second HT power divider and a second ET power divider (502). Each receiving channel is split into four channels by three second HT power dividers connected in series. A second ET power divider (502) is provided at the end of the receiving channel. The receiving channel is connected to the circulator port (401) of the circulator assembly (102) through the second ET power divider (502).

5. The signal transmission and reception method for a low-profile, common-aperture, multi-phase central array antenna according to claim 4, characterized in that, Electromagnetic waves are connected in the forward direction and cut off in the reverse direction in the closed loop formed by circulator port 1 (401), circulator port 2 (402), circulator port 3 (403), and circulator port 1 (401) in the circulator.

6. The signal transmission and reception method for a low-profile, common-aperture, multi-phase center array antenna according to claim 5, characterized in that, The electromagnetic wave radiation method includes: Step A1: The electromagnetic signal is fed into the transmission network through the port of the transmission channel (103); and is split into four paths by the first HT power divider of the transmission network; Step A2: The electromagnetic signal is transmitted to port 2 (402) of the circulator through the first HT power divider of the transmitting network; and then transmitted sequentially from port 2 (402) to port 3 (403) of the circulator. Step A3: Finally, the electromagnetic waves are transmitted to the waveguide subarray antenna element (101) through the circulator three-port (403) and the first ET power divider (303) to radiate to the outside.

7. The signal transmission and reception method for a low-profile, common-aperture, multi-phase central array antenna according to claim 5, characterized in that, The electromagnetic wave receiving method includes: Step B1: The waveguide subarray antenna element (101) receives electromagnetic signals in space and transmits them to the circulator port (403) through the first ET power divider (303); Step B2: The electromagnetic signal is transmitted from port 3 (403) to port 1 (401) of the circulator in the circulator; Step B3: The circulator port (401) is connected to the second ET power divider (502) of the receiving network; then the electromagnetic signal is transmitted to the receiving channel through the receiving network for signal reception.

8. The signal transmission and reception method for a low-profile, common-aperture, multi-phase central array antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The radiated signal of the waveguide subarray antenna element (101) includes: Step S1: The electromagnetic wave enters the feed waveguide (302) through the first ET power divider (303); Step S2: The feeding waveguide (302) feeds electromagnetic waves into the radiating unit (301) through a series feeding method via a coupling slot; Step S3: Radiate electromagnetic wave energy into space through the radiation gap of the radiation unit (301).

9. The signal transmission and reception method for a low-profile, common-aperture, multi-phase central array antenna according to claim 8, characterized in that, The waveguide subarray antenna element (101) receives signals including: Step Q1: The radiating unit (301) receives electromagnetic waves in space; Step Q2: The electromagnetic wave is transmitted to the first ET power divider (303) through the feed waveguide (302); Step Q3: The first ET power divider (303) transmits electromagnetic waves to the circulator assembly (102).

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