A method for preparing awnless brome seed bag and awnless brome seed coating

Abstract

The present invention discloses a method for preparing an awnless bromegrass seed bag and an awnless bromegrass seed coating, and relates to the technical field of seed coating. The awnless bromegrass seeds to be treated are mixed with a porous material containing a plant hormone or an auxin analogue and an adhesive in a mass ratio of 1-2:100:0.2 to obtain an awnless bromegrass seed bag; the plant hormone is selected from gibberellins, and the auxin analogue is selected from naphthaleneacetic acid. The idea of ​​slowly releasing low-concentration plant hormones or auxin analogues is adopted, and the low-concentration plant hormones or auxin analogues are set in the seed coating in advance. After the seed bag is used by shallow burial, it can absorb a small amount of water in the environment. After absorbing water, the seed bag slowly releases a low concentration of plant hormones or auxin analogues, which can help the awnless bromegrass seeds in arid environments to germinate and improve the length of the embryo and radicle of the seeds. The above method can promote the germination of awnless bromegrass seeds under drought conditions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of seed coating, in particular to a method for preparing an awnless brome seed bag and the awnless brome seed coating. Background Art

[0002] Seed coating is a process that uses seeds as a carrier and coating equipment as a means to evenly coat the seed surface with a seed coating agent containing pesticides, fertilizers, growth regulators, and other ingredients in a specific proportion. After sowing, seeds coated with the seed coating agent rapidly absorb water and swell. As the embryo within the seed develops and the seedlings continue to grow, the seed coating agent slowly releases its various active ingredients, which are gradually absorbed by the seedlings. This helps prevent seedling pests and diseases, promotes growth, and increases crop yields.

[0003] Bromus inermis Leyss. is a perennial grass in the Poaceae family, also known as awnless grass, smooth brome, and daylily. It is native to Europe, with wild species distributed throughout Asia and the Americas, and also found in Northeast and Northwest China. Its abundant leaves, high yield, and excellent quality have earned it the nickname "King of Grass Forage." Bromus inermis is also a high-quality grass species used in returning farmland to grassland, road slope protection, and forage industrialization in northern China. It plays an important role in grassland livestock production, vegetation restoration, grassland reseeding, and ecological management. It is an excellent ecological grass species.

[0004] Traditional broadcasting, aerial seeding, or reseeding followed by watering can promote seed germination. However, in arid and semi-arid environments, the dry climate leads to high evaporation and rapid water evaporation. This causes the water required for germination to evaporate before the seeds have even germinated, resulting in drought stress and a low overall germination rate.

[0005] In summary, long-term and large-scale drought has become the main environmental factor threatening the cultivation of awnless brome, and how to use exogenous substances to alleviate drought stress has become a practical issue that needs to be considered and solved.

[0006] In view of this, the present invention is proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing an awnless bromegrass seed bag and an awnless bromegrass seed coating to solve the above technical problems.

[0008] The present invention is achieved in that:

[0009] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a method for preparing an awnless brome seed bag, which comprises: mixing the awnless brome seeds to be treated with a porous material containing plant hormones or auxin analogs and an adhesive in a mass ratio of 1-2:100:0.2 to obtain an awnless brome seed bag; the plant hormone is selected from gibberellins, and the auxin analogs are selected from naphthaleneacetic acid.

[0010] The porous material with plant hormones is prepared by the following method: soaking the porous material in a solution of 1-1.5 mg / L naphthaleneacetic acid;

[0011] The porous material with auxin analogues is prepared by the following method: the porous material is immersed in a solution of 20-250 mg / L gibberellin.

[0012] The porous material is selected from corn cob particles, coconut palm, hemp palm fiber or matrix nutrient soil; the porous material includes but is not limited to organic materials or nutrient soil with loose porous characteristics.

[0013] The inventors have found that gibberellins inhibit the germination of awnless brome seeds that have not been subjected to drought (i.e., in the presence of sufficient water), with an inhibition rate of approximately 3.4% to 16.7%. When awnless brome is subjected to drought stress, gibberellins can promote its germination, but when the concentration exceeds a certain value, it will also inhibit the germination of seeds. A solution of 20-250 mg / L of gibberellins is selected to soak a porous material, and the resulting seed bag can absorb only a small amount of water to slowly release a low concentration of gibberellins, thereby promoting the germination of awnless brome seeds. Therefore, the present invention, by preparing an awnless brome seed bag, helps to improve the germination rate of awnless brome seeds under mild, moderate, and severe drought stress, thereby alleviating drought stress.

[0014] Naphthaleneacetic acid has no significant effect on the germination of smooth brome seeds that are not subject to drought (i.e., in well-watered conditions). However, when the seeds are subjected to mild, moderate, and severe drought stress, soaking a porous material in a 1-1.5 mg / L naphthaleneacetic acid solution can effectively increase the germination rate of the seeds. The resulting seed bag absorbs only a small amount of water to slowly release the low concentration of naphthaleneacetic acid, promoting the germination of the smooth brome seeds. Therefore, the present invention, by preparing a smooth brome seed bag, helps to increase the germination rate of smooth brome seeds under mild, moderate, and severe drought stress, thereby alleviating drought stress.

[0015] The above seed packets only need to be dug into shallow holes with a depth of about 15 to 30 cm, and can be used directly by shallow burying.

[0016] In an optional embodiment, soaking in a 50-150 mg / L gibberellin solution can increase the germination rate of smooth bromegrass seeds under -0.9 to -1.5 MPa (severe) drought stress by 12.3% to 27.7%.

[0017] When the gibberellin concentration is 20 mg / L<≤250 mg / L, the germination rate of awnless bromegrass seeds under -0.9~0 MPa (mild, moderate) drought stress can be increased by 13%~23%.

[0018] In an optional embodiment, soak for 6-24 hours, remove and drain;

[0019] In an optional embodiment, the soaking is for 12 hours.

[0020] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, after the awnless brome seeds to be treated are mixed with the porous material containing the plant hormone or the auxin analogue and the coating agent, the process further comprises stirring.

[0021] In an optional embodiment, the stirring temperature is less than 10°C; the stirring temperature is less than 10°C; to prevent the seeds from germinating prematurely when they encounter water under suitable temperature conditions, resulting in a decrease in the germination rate of the seed package after sowing.

[0022] In an alternative embodiment, the stirring temperature is 3-5°C; for example 3°C, 4°C or 5°C.

[0023] The awnless bromegrass seeds to be treated are mixed with the porous material containing the plant hormone or the auxin analogue and the adhesive and stirred in a completely dark environment. The seed germination effect is better when the seeds are completely dark.

[0024] In an optional embodiment, the binder is selected from at least one of styrene acrylic emulsion and carboxymethyl cellulose.

[0025] In a second aspect, the present invention also provides a method for promoting germination of smooth brome seeds under drought conditions. The smooth brome seed packets obtained by the above-described method for preparing the smooth brome seed packets are cultured under the following conditions: alternating light and dark cycles (12 hours light / 12 hours dark) and a constant temperature of 20-27°C. Under these conditions, the germination rate of the seeds is higher and the radicle length is longer. For example, the constant temperature is 20°C, 22°C, 25°C, 26°C, or 27°C.

[0026] In a third aspect, the present invention further provides a method for promoting germination of smooth brome seeds under drought conditions, wherein the smooth brome seed package obtained by the method for preparing the smooth brome seed package is buried in the soil surface layer, and if the environmental osmotic potential measured on the spot is within the range of: -1.1 MPa < environmental osmotic potential < 0 MPa, the smooth brome seed package containing gibberellin is selected; and the porous material containing gibberellin is prepared by soaking the porous material in a solution of 20 to 250 mg / L of gibberellin;

[0027] If the environmental osmotic potential range measured on site is: -1.5MPa<environmental osmotic potential<-1.1MPa, then select the awnless bromegrass seed package containing gibberellin; and the porous material containing gibberellin is placed in a solution of 20-150mg / L gibberellin and soaked.

[0028] In other embodiments, seed packets prepared by soaking corn cobs in a suitable solution can be selected based on local conditions and the environmental osmotic potential measured in the field. When the gibberellin concentration is less than 20 mg / L and less than 250 mg / L, the germination rate of bromegrass seeds under drought stress of -0.9 to 0 MPa (mild to moderate) can be increased by 13% to 23%. When the gibberellin concentration is less than 20 mg / L and less than 150 mg / L, the germination rate of bromegrass seeds under drought stress of -1.5 to -0.9 MPa (severe) can be increased by 12.3% to 27.7%.

[0029] In a fourth aspect, the present invention also provides a method for preparing an awnless bromegrass seed bag, wherein the raw materials of the seed bag (including corn cobs and adhesive) are easily available, the preparation cost of the seed bag is low, and the seed bag is easy to promote and apply.

[0030] At present, there are still the following problems with awnless brome seeds:

[0031] Because smooth bromegrass is extremely sensitive to the concentration of plant growth hormones (GSH), currently widely used GSH concentrations that are too high often inhibit it. Furthermore, single-acting GSHs have limited effect on promoting seed germination. Due to the limited water absorption capacity of individual seeds, they cannot fully absorb water and germinate in the wild. Smooth bromegrass seeds are too light, resulting in a low number of seeds actually absorbing into the soil after being broadcast by wind or aerial sowing.

[0032] In view of this, in the fifth aspect, the present invention also provides a method for preparing awnless bromegrass seed coating, which comprises: mixing awnless bromegrass seeds with a seed coating solution (to which plant hormones or growth analogs have been added) in a mixing ratio of 30-80g:1-2ml, and adding 0.3-0.6mg of plant hormones or 20-250mg of auxin analogs to each 1L of seed coating solution; the plant hormones are selected from gibberellins, and the auxin analogs are selected from naphthaleneacetic acid.

[0033] The inventors have demonstrated that coating bromegrass seeds with an auxin analogue selected from naphthaleneacetic acid significantly increases the seed embryo and radicle length under drought stress, significantly improving the seed germination rate. The inventors also demonstrated that coating bromegrass seeds with an auxin analogue selected from naphthaleneacetic acid significantly increases the seed embryo and radicle length under drought stress, significantly improving the seed germination rate. Furthermore, the inventors demonstrated that coating bromegrass seeds with an auxin analogue selected from naphthaleneacetic acid significantly increases the seed embryo and radicle length under drought stress, significantly improving the seed germination rate.

[0034] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the seed coating solution includes the following raw materials in mass volume concentration:

[0035] 65-80% coating carrier, 1-2% sustained-release agent, 10-13% film-forming agent, 1-2% water-retaining agent, 0.5-1% solubilizing and dispersing agent, 0.5-1% stabilizer, 1% warning dye, and the remainder is water. The mass volume concentration (%) is the number of grams of raw materials per 100 ml of solution.

[0036] In an alternative embodiment, the coating carrier is selected from polyglutamic acid.

[0037] In an optional embodiment, the sustained-release agent is selected from chitosan; chitosan also has an antibacterial effect.

[0038] The film former is selected from polyvinyl alcohol, which also acts as a binder.

[0039] The water-retaining agent (or water-absorbing agent) is selected from a cellulose water-retaining agent. In an optional embodiment, the cellulose water-retaining agent is selected from at least one of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, methylcellulose and carboxymethylcellulose.

[0040] In an optional embodiment, the solubilizing and dispersing agent is selected from octylphenol polyoxyethylene ether (OP20); the stabilizer is selected from sodium alginate; and the warning dye is selected from any one of gentian violet, brilliant blue water, carmine, acid scarlet and rose bengal.

[0041] In an optional embodiment, the awnless bromegrass seeds are mixed with the seed coating solution according to a ratio so that the seed coating is coated on the surface of the seeds. The coated seeds are then placed in an anti-ultraviolet agent so that the outer surface of the coated seeds is coated with the anti-ultraviolet agent.

[0042] UV inhibitors can reduce the risk of seed inactivation due to UV stress to a certain extent. They work synergistically with other seed coating ingredients to improve the germination rate of awnless bromegrass seeds.

[0043] In an optional embodiment, the anti-ultraviolet agent is diethylaminohydroxybenzoyl hexyl benzoate, and the anti-ultraviolet agent is prepared by the following method: every 1-2g of anti-ultraviolet agent raw material is mixed with 100g of dissolving carrier; in an optional embodiment, the dissolving carrier is starch.

[0044] In a sixth aspect, the present invention further provides an awnless brome seed coating prepared by the above method for preparing an awnless brome seed coating. The awnless brome seeds are wrapped in the coating.

[0045] In a seventh aspect, the present invention also provides a method for promoting germination of awnless brome seeds under drought conditions, wherein the awnless brome seed coating is prepared according to the above-mentioned method for preparing the awnless brome seed coating, and then the awnless brome seed coating is buried in the soil surface.

[0046] In an optional embodiment, if the environmental osmotic potential range measured in the field is: -0.5MPa<environmental osmotic potential<-0.3MPa, then the awnless bromegrass seed coating with gibberellins or naphthaleneacetic acid is selected; when preparing the awnless bromegrass seed package with naphthaleneacetic acid, 0.3-1.2 mg of naphthaleneacetic acid is added to each 1L of seed coating solution; when preparing the awnless bromegrass seed package with gibberellins, 20-250 mg of gibberellins is added to each 1L of seed coating solution.

[0047] If the environmental osmotic potential range measured on site is: -1.0MPa<environmental osmotic potential<-0.5MPa, then choose to coat the awnless bromegrass seeds with gibberellins or naphthaleneacetic acid; when preparing the awnless bromegrass seed package with naphthaleneacetic acid, add 0.3-1.2mg of naphthaleneacetic acid to every 1L of seed coating solution; when preparing the awnless bromegrass seed package with gibberellins, add 20-250mg of gibberellins to every 1L of seed coating solution.

[0048] If the environmental osmotic potential range measured on site is: -1.5MPa<environmental osmotic potential<-1MPa, then choose the awnless bromegrass seed package with gibberellins or naphthaleneacetic acid. When preparing the awnless bromegrass seed package with naphthaleneacetic acid, add 0.3-0.6mg of naphthaleneacetic acid to every 1L of seed dressing solution; when preparing the awnless bromegrass seed package with gibberellins, add 50-100mg of gibberellins to every 1L of seed dressing solution.

[0049] By adopting the above method, different schemes for promoting germination of awnless bromegrass seeds can be formulated according to different degrees of drought conditions.

[0050] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0051] (1) The inventors adopted the idea of ​​slowly releasing low-concentration plant hormones or auxin analogs, and pre-installed low-concentration plant hormones or auxin analogs in the seed coating. After shallow burial, the seed package can absorb a small amount of water in the environment. After absorbing water, the seed package slowly releases low-concentration plant hormones or auxin analogs, which can help the germination of awnless brome seeds in arid environments. By mixing seeds, porous materials, and adhesives in a specific mass ratio to obtain awnless brome seed packages, the awnless brome can be made more drought-resistant.

[0052] (2) The inventor's seeds are not easily blown away by the wind after being packed into balls, thereby improving the utilization rate of seeds for sowing.

[0053] (3) A method for promoting germination of smooth bromegrass seeds under drought conditions is also provided. The method can select suitable smooth bromegrass seed packages according to the environmental osmotic potential of the sowing site, and adopt a localized approach.

[0054] (4) A method for preparing awnless bromegrass seed coating is provided. By coating the seeds, on the one hand, it helps to reduce the evaporation of water and increase the germination rate of the seeds; on the other hand, the quality of the coated seeds is improved, and the antibacterial property of the seeds is improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0055] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments. It should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate certain embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For ordinary technicians in this field, other relevant drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0056] Figure 1 This is a statistical diagram of the germination rate and radicle length of Bromus inermis seeds under different temperature and light conditions;

[0057] Figure 2 This is the experimental result of the effect of adding different concentrations of gibberellins on the germination rate of awnless bromegrass seeds under different drought conditions;

[0058] Figure 3 This is the result diagram of seed germination under different drought stress;

[0059] Figure 4 This is a statistical chart of seed germination rates under different drought stresses;

[0060] Figure 5 This is a statistical chart of radicle length of seeds under different drought stresses;

[0061] Figure 6 This is a statistical chart of embryo length of seeds under different drought stresses;

[0062] Figure 7 This is the result diagram of germination of seeds treated with gibberellin under different drought stress conditions;

[0063] Figure 8 This is a statistical chart of the germination rate of seeds treated with gibberellin under different drought stresses;

[0064] Figure 9 This is a statistical chart of radicle length of seeds treated with gibberellin under different drought stresses;

[0065] Figure 10 This is a statistical chart of embryo length of seeds treated with gibberellin under different drought stresses;

[0066] Figure 11 This is the experimental result of the germination rate of awnless bromegrass seeds after sowing seed packages prepared with different concentrations of naphthaleneacetic acid or gibberellin under different environmental precipitation conditions. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0067] To make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are described clearly and completely below. Where specific conditions are not specified in the embodiments, conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer are used. Where the manufacturer of the reagents or instruments is not specified, all are conventional products that can be purchased commercially.

[0068] The features and performance of the present invention are further described in detail below with reference to the embodiments. (one)

[0070] Example 1

[0071] This embodiment provides a method for preparing an awnless brome seed bag, and the specific steps are as follows:

[0072] 1. Make the corn cob into powder. The powder particles can be cubes or spheres with a diameter of about 2 to 3 mm.

[0073] 2. Spray the crushed corn cob particles with 0.5% (w / v) sodium hypochlorite solution or 75% (w / v) alcohol for disinfection and sterilization;

[0074] 3. Rinse the sterilized corn cob particles with sterile distilled water to remove the residual disinfectant. Repeat the rinsing process 3 to 5 times depending on the disinfection results.

[0075] 4. Place the sterilized and rinsed corn cob particles in an oven for drying;

[0076] 5. Soak the dried corn cob particles in a 0.6 mg / L naphthaleneacetic acid solution for 24 hours and drain the water.

[0077] 6. Select bromegrass seeds of uniform size, plump grains and no awns, and spray them with 0.05% sodium hypochlorite solution for disinfection. After spraying with sodium hypochlorite solution for 2 to 3 seconds, rinse with distilled water at a temperature of 5 to 8 degrees Celsius.

[0078] 7. Stir and mix the sterilized bromegrass seeds, the corncob particles treated in step 5, and carboxymethyl cellulose in a mass ratio of 1:100:0.2, and control the stirring temperature to 8° C.;

[0079] 8. Press the mixed materials in step 7 into blocks, such as cubes or rectangular blocks with a length, width and height of about 10 to 15 cm, to obtain the awnless bromegrass seed bag.

[0080] In addition, this embodiment also provides a method for promoting germination of awnless brome seeds:

[0081] Bromus inermis seeds were packed in alternating light and dark conditions (12 h light / 12 h dark) and cultured at a constant temperature of 25°C until germination, and then transplanted to field culture.

[0082] Example 2

[0083] Compared with Example 1, the only difference is step 5, and the other steps are the same.

[0084] 5. Soak the dried corn cob particles in a 50 mg / L gibberellin solution for 24 hours and drain the water.

[0085] Example 3

[0086] Compared with Example 1, the only difference is step 5, and the other steps are the same.

[0087] 5. Soak the dried corn cob particles in a 100 mg / L gibberellin solution for 24 hours and drain the water.

[0088] Example 4

[0089] Compared with Example 1, the only difference is step 5, and the remaining steps are the same.

[0090] 5. Soak the dried corn cob particles in a 150 mg / L gibberellin solution for 24 hours and drain the water.

[0091] Example 5

[0092] Compared with Example 1, the only difference is step 5, and the remaining steps are the same.

[0093] 5. Soak the dried corn cob particles in a 200 mg / L gibberellin solution for 24 hours and drain the water.

[0094] Example 6

[0095] Compared with Example 1, the only difference is step 5, and the remaining steps are the same.

[0096] 5. Soak the dried corn cob particles in a 0.3 mg / L naphthaleneacetic acid solution for 24 hours and drain the water.

[0097] Example 7

[0098] Compared with Example 1, the only difference is step 5, and the other steps are the same.

[0099] 5. Soak the dried corn cob particles in a 0.9 mg / L naphthaleneacetic acid solution for 24 hours and drain the water.

[0100] Comparative Example 1

[0101] Compared with Example 1, the only difference is step 5, and the other steps are the same.

[0102] 5. Soak the dried corn cob particles in water with a concentration of: 100%. Soak for 24 hours and then drain the water.

[0103] Experimental Example 1

[0104] This experiment explores the optimal temperature and light conditions for Bromus inermis to clarify the optimal light and temperature conditions for Bromus inermis seed germination.

[0105] The artificial intelligence climate incubator is equipped with two lighting conditions: alternating light and dark (12h light / 12h dark) and continuous darkness (24h dark); four light-dark temperature treatment conditions (15 / 5, 20 / 10, 25 / 15, 30 / 20℃) and six constant temperature treatments (5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30℃) are set.

[0106] Procedure: 25 seeds of sterilized Bromus serrata were evenly placed in a 90 mm Petri dish covered with double-layer filter paper, and appropriate amount of distilled water was added. Four replicates were set for each treatment.

[0107] During the experiment, the number of seeds that germinated normally was recorded daily, and appropriate amounts of distilled water were added to keep the filter paper moist. Germination was considered complete when the radicle length exceeded half the seed length, and germinated seeds were removed from the culture dish. The experiment lasted 14 days, with germination potential calculated on the 5th day and germination rate calculated on the 14th day. Culture dishes kept in continuous darkness were wrapped in tinfoil to block light, and seed germination was quickly counted under low light conditions.

[0108] Results reference Figure 1 As shown in the figure, the optimal germination light and temperature combination for Bromus inermis is: alternating light and dark + constant temperature of 25℃, the seed germination rate is 98.3%±2.36%; the radicle length is 13.93±4.28cm.

[0109] Experimental Example 2

[0110] This experiment explored the appropriate concentration of gibberellins to promote the germination of Elymus dahliae seeds under simulated drought stress.

[0111] The seeds of Bromus serrata were soaked for 12 hours with different gibberellin concentrations: T0 (0 mg / L), G1 (50 mg / L), G2 (100 mg / L), G3 (150 mg / L), G4 (200 mg / L), and G5 (250 mg / L). PEG solutions with osmotic potentials of 0 MPa, -0.3 MPa, -0.6 MPa, -0.9 MPa, -1.2 MPa, and -1.5 MPa were prepared at a constant temperature of 25°C to simulate different degrees of drought stress. 25 soaked forage seeds were placed in a 90 mm culture dish covered with double-layer filter paper, and 8 ml of PEG-6000 solution of different concentrations was added. The culture dishes were sealed with Parafilm sealing film and placed in a constant temperature artificial climate incubator at 25°C with alternating light and dark (12 h light / 12 h dark) for germination test. Three replicates were set for each treatment.

[0112] Results reference Figure 2 As shown, the results show:

[0113] 1. When there is no drought stress, gibberellins will inhibit the germination of awnless brome seeds by about 3.4% to 16.7%.

[0114] 2. When the gibberellin concentration is 0mg / L and ≤ 250mg / L, the germination rate of awnless bromegrass seeds under 0-0.9Mpa (mild and moderate) drought stress can be increased by 13% to 23%;

[0115] When the gibberellin concentration is 0mg / L<150mg / L, the germination rate of Bromus inermis seeds under severe drought stress of -0.9~-1.5Mpa can be increased by 12.3%~27.7%;

[0116] In conclusion, a certain concentration of gibberellin treatment can promote the germination of awnless brome seeds after drought stress, while excessive gibberellin treatment can inhibit seed germination.

[0117] Experimental Example 3

[0118] Effects of seed packets supplemented with gibberellins and naphthaleneacetic acid on the germination rate of awnless bromegrass seeds.

[0119] Experimental methods:

[0120] 1. Make the corn cob into powder. The powder particles are cube-shaped particles with a diameter of about 2 to 3 mm.

[0121] 2. Spray the crushed corncob particles with 75% (w / v) alcohol for disinfection and sterilization;

[0122] 3. Rinse the sterilized corn cob particles with sterile distilled water to remove the residual disinfectant. Repeat the rinsing process 3 to 5 times depending on the disinfection results.

[0123] 4. Place the sterilized and rinsed corn cob particles in an oven for drying;

[0124] 5. Soak the dried corn cob particles in 0.3, 0.6, 0.9, 1.2, and 1.5 mg / L naphthaleneacetic acid solutions (N1-N5) and 50, 100, 150, 200, and 250 mg / L gibberellin (G1-G5) for 24 hours, then drain the water; CK is soaked in clean water;

[0125] 6. Select bromegrass seeds of uniform size, plump grains and no awns, and spray them with 0.05% sodium hypochlorite solution for disinfection. After spraying with sodium hypochlorite solution for 2 to 3 seconds, rinse with distilled water at a temperature of 5 to 8 degrees Celsius.

[0126] 7. Stir and mix the sterilized bromegrass seeds, the corncob particles treated in step 5, and carboxymethyl cellulose in a mass ratio of 1:100:0.2, and control the stirring temperature to 8° C.;

[0127] 8. The mixed material in step 7 is pressed into blocks, and cubes with a length, width and height of about 10 to 15 cm are respectively made into smooth brome seed packets, each seed packet containing about 50 smooth brome seeds.

[0128] 9. Place the prepared seed packets in a greenhouse at an ambient temperature of 25°C and cultivate them in flower pots. Plant one seed packet in each flower pot (50 cm diameter). Simulate the annual precipitation environment in an arid region by setting a wet-dry gradient of P1 (150%), P2 (125%), P3 (100%), P4 (75%), and P5 (50%) times the ambient precipitation (approximately 185 mm in the arid region of central Ningxia). Observe the seed germination rate after one growth cycle.

[0129] Results reference Figure 11 As shown:

[0130] (1) Under wet conditions (P1 and P2), seed packets soaked in gibberellin at a concentration of G5 had an inhibitory effect on germination rate;

[0131] (2) Under the P3 environmental precipitation condition, soaking seed packets with gibberellins at concentrations of G3-G5 had an inhibitory effect on the germination rate; soaking seed packets with naphthaleneacetic acid at concentrations of N1-N5 had no significant effect on the germination rate;

[0132] (3) Under the P4 environmental precipitation condition, soaking seed packets with gibberellins at concentrations of G1-G5 can increase the germination rate by about 1.67%-8.67%; soaking seed packets with naphthaleneacetic acid at concentrations of N1-N5 can increase the germination rate by about 6.67%-40%, and soaking seed packets with naphthaleneacetic acid at concentrations of N3-N5 has a more significant effect on increasing the germination rate (24.67%-40%).

[0133] (4) Under the P5 environmental precipitation conditions, soaking seed packets in gibberellins at concentrations of G1-G5 can increase the germination rate by about 2.7%-12.7%; soaking seed packets in naphthaleneacetic acid at concentrations of N1-N5 can increase the germination rate by about 1.3%-13.3%. (two)

[0135] Example 1

[0136] This embodiment provides a seed coating for awnless bromegrass, the raw materials of which include (per 100 ml of seed coating solution contains):

[0137] (1) Polyglutamic acid, 70%, coating carrier, % is mass volume concentration, each 100 ml solution contains 70 g of polyglutamic acid;

[0138] (2) Chitosan, 1%, antibacterial, sustained-release agent (1 g);

[0139] (3) polyvinyl alcohol, 10%, film former / binder (10 g);

[0140] (4) Carboxymethylcellulose, 1%, water-retaining / water-absorbing agent (1 g); in other embodiments, hydroxypropylmethylcellulose or methylcellulose may also be used;

[0141] (5) Octylphenol polyoxyethylene ether (OP20), 0.5%, solubilizing and dispersing agent, 0.5g;

[0142] (6) Sodium alginate 0.5% stabilizer, 0.5 g;

[0143] (7) Warning dye: Gentian violet 1%, 1g;

[0144] (8) Anti-ultraviolet agent: diethylamino hydroxybenzoyl hexyl benzoate, with 100g of starch as a dissolving carrier for every 1g;

[0145] (9) The rest is water (80℃ pure water).

[0146] (10) Plant growth hormone: naphthaleneacetic acid, each 1000 ml solution contains 0.3 mg naphthaleneacetic acid;

[0147] The ratio of seed coating agent to seeds is 2ml:80g.

[0148] The preparation method of awnless brome seed coating is as follows:

[0149] (1) Select bromegrass seeds of uniform size, plump grains and no awns and spray them with 0.05% sodium hypochlorite solution for disinfection. After spraying with sodium hypochlorite solution for 2 to 3 seconds, rinse with distilled water at a temperature of about 5°C;

[0150] (2) preparing a coating agent according to a ratio of 1 to 7, and coating the coating agent on the surface of the seeds;

[0151] (3) Place the coated seeds in starch containing 2 g of diethylaminohydroxybenzoyl hexyl benzoate to coat the seeds until the outer surface of the seeds is coated without losing powder, thereby preparing coating agent II: (N1 treatment).

[0152] Example 2

[0153] Compared with Example 1, the only difference is that the raw material (10) is different, and the rest of the preparation method and raw materials are the same.

[0154] In this embodiment, the plant growth hormone: naphthaleneacetic acid, each 1000 ml solution contains 0.6 mg of naphthaleneacetic acid, and the coating agent III is prepared: (N2 treatment).

[0155] Example 3

[0156] Compared with Example 1, the only difference is that the raw material (10) is different, and the rest of the preparation method and raw materials are the same.

[0157] In this embodiment, the plant growth hormone: naphthaleneacetic acid, each 1000 ml solution contains 0.9 mg of naphthaleneacetic acid, and the coating agent IV is prepared: (N3 treatment).

[0158] Example 4

[0159] Compared with Example 1, the only difference is that the raw material (10) is different, and the rest of the preparation method and raw materials are the same.

[0160] In this embodiment, the plant growth hormone is naphthaleneacetic acid, and each 1000 ml solution contains 1.2 mg of naphthaleneacetic acid, and the coating agent V is (N4 treated).

[0161] Example 5

[0162] Compared with Example 1, the only difference is that the raw material (10) is different, and the rest of the preparation method and raw materials are the same.

[0163] In this embodiment, gibberellin is used, and 50 mg of gibberellin is added to every 1 L of seed coating solution, and the coating agent is G1.

[0164] Example 6

[0165] Compared with Example 1, the only difference is that the raw material (10) is different, and the rest of the preparation method and raw materials are the same.

[0166] In this embodiment, gibberellin is used, and 100 mg of gibberellin is added to each 1 L of seed coating solution. Coating agent G2.

[0167] Example 7

[0168] Compared with Example 1, the only difference is that the raw material (10) is different, and the rest of the preparation method and raw materials are the same.

[0169] In this embodiment, gibberellin is used, and 150 mg of gibberellin is added to each 1 L of seed coating solution. Coating agent G3.

[0170] Example 8

[0171] Compared with Example 1, the only difference is that the raw material (10) is different, and the rest of the preparation method and raw materials are the same.

[0172] In this embodiment, gibberellin is used, and 200 mg of gibberellin is added to each 1 L of seed coating solution. Coating agent G4.

[0173] Example 9

[0174] Compared with Example 1, the only difference is that the raw material (10) is different, and the rest of the preparation method and raw materials are the same.

[0175] In this embodiment, gibberellin is used, and 250 mg of gibberellin is added to each 1 L of seed coating solution. Coating agent G5.

[0176] Comparative Example 1

[0177] Compared with Example 1, the only difference is that the raw material (10) is different, and the rest of the preparation method and raw materials are the same.

[0178] In this embodiment, gibberellin and naphthaleneacetic acid were not added, and the coating agent was I: (T0 treatment).

[0179] Comparative Example 2

[0180] Compared with Example 1, the only difference is that the raw material (10) is different, and the rest of the preparation method and raw materials are the same.

[0181] In this embodiment, the plant growth hormone is naphthaleneacetic acid, and each 1000 ml solution contains 1.5 mg of naphthaleneacetic acid, and the coating agent VI is (N5 treatment).

[0182] Experimental Example 1

[0183] The seeds prepared in Examples 1-4 and Comparative Examples 1-2 were coated, and the control (CK: no coating, no water added, seeds germinated directly after screening) was subjected to seed germination experiments under different osmotic potentials.

[0184] A PEG-6000 solution was used to simulate a drought environment. PEG solutions with osmotic potentials of -0.3, -0.6, -0.9, -1.2, and -1.5 MPa were prepared at a constant temperature of 20°C. Twenty-five awnless bromegrass seeds, which had been soaked in a seed coating agent, were placed in a 90 mm Petri dish lined with double-layer filter paper. 8 ml of PEG-6000 solution at different concentrations was added to the Petri dish. The dish was sealed with Parafilm film and placed in a constant temperature artificial climate incubator at 20°C in the dark for germination tests. Four replicates were set for each treatment, and the seed germination rate, radicle length, and plumule length were calculated.

[0185] The actual picture of the seed germination rate experiment and the statistical results of the germination rate are respectively referred to Figure 3 and Figure 4 The statistical graphs of radicle length and embryo length of seeds under different drought stresses refer to Figure 5 and Figure 6 shown.

[0186] The germination rate results showed that:

[0187] 1. Under the conditions of N1-N5 naphthaleneacetic acid concentrations, when the seeds were not subjected to drought stress, there was no significant improvement on seed germination. At the same time, N5 concentration of naphthaleneacetic acid inhibited seed germination.

[0188] 2. When awnless bromegrass seeds were subjected to mild drought stress (environmental osmotic potential was about -0.3 MPa), the germination rate of seeds could be increased by 6.7% to 16.7% under the conditions of N1-N4 naphthaleneacetic acid concentrations.

[0189] 3. When the seeds of Bromus inermis were subjected to moderate drought stress (-0.5 MPa < environmental osmotic potential -1.0 MPa), the seed germination rate could be increased by 21.7% to 50.3% under the conditions of N1 to N4 naphthaleneacetic acid concentration.

[0190] 4. When awnless bromegrass seeds are subjected to extreme drought stress (-1 MPa < environmental osmotic potential), the seed germination rate can be increased by 5% to 11.6% under the conditions of N1 to N4 naphthaleneacetic acid concentration.

[0191] Radicle length results showed:

[0192] N1-N4 concentrations of naphthaleneacetic acid can increase the radicle length of bromegrass seeds after germination under extreme drought stress (-1 MPa < environmental osmotic potential), with the average promoted length being about 1.01-1.44 cm.

[0193] The results of embryo growth showed:

[0194] N1-N4 concentrations of naphthaleneacetic acid can increase the radicle length of awnless bromegrass seeds after germination under moderate drought stress (environmental osmotic potential ≈ -0.9 MPa), with the average promoted length being about 2.08-3.68 cm.

[0195] Experimental Example 2

[0196] Seeds prepared in Examples 5-9 and Comparative Example 1 were coated, as well as a control (CK: uncoated, without water, and germinated directly after seed screening) and subjected to seed germination experiments at different osmotic potentials. The concentrations were T0 (0 mg / L), G1 (50 mg / L), G2 (100 mg / L), G3 (150 mg / L), G4 (200 mg / L), and G5 (250 mg / L).

[0197] The experimental steps were the same as those in Experiment 1. Four replicates were set for each treatment, and the seed germination rate, radicle length, and plumule length were calculated.

[0198] The actual picture of the seed germination rate experiment and the statistical results of the germination rate are respectively referred to Figure 7 and Figure 8 The statistical graphs of radicle length and embryo length of seeds under different drought stresses refer to Figure 9 and Figure 10 shown.

[0199] The germination rate results showed that:

[0200] 1. Under the conditions of gibberellin concentrations of G1 to G5, when the seeds are not subjected to drought stress, seed germination is inhibited, with the inhibition degree being about 1.6% to 10%. The higher the gibberellin concentration, the greater the inhibition degree.

[0201] 2. When awnless bromegrass seeds were subjected to mild drought stress (environmental osmotic potential was about -0.3 MPa), the germination rate of seeds was increased by 26.7% to 36.7% under the conditions of G1 to G5 naphthaleneacetic acid concentrations.

[0202] 3. When awnless bromegrass seeds are subjected to moderate drought stress (-0.5 MPa < environmental osmotic potential -1.0 MPa), the implementation of G1 to G5 gibberellin concentration conditions can increase the seed germination rate by 30% to 40%.

[0203] 4. When awnless bromegrass seeds were subjected to extreme drought stress (-1Mpa < environmental osmotic potential), the germination rate of seeds could be increased by 5% to 11.6% under the conditions of G1 to G2 naphthaleneacetic acid concentrations. When the concentration exceeded G2, the seeds did not germinate and there was no improvement effect.

[0204] Radicle growth results:

[0205] Gibberellic acid had no significant effect on increasing radicle length.

[0206] Germ growth results:

[0207] Gibberellic acid G1 to G5 concentrations can significantly increase the length of the embryo of germinating seeds, with an average increase of about 0.97 to 7.05 cm per plant. At the same time, for awnless brome seeds that have suffered moderate drought stress, promoting germination can stimulate an average increase in embryo length of about 4.92 cm, with an increase of about 2.32 to 6.99 cm.

[0208] The foregoing description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Those skilled in the art will readily appreciate that various modifications and variations of the present invention are possible. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, or improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention are intended to be within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for promoting germination of awnless brome seeds under drought conditions, characterized in that: The awnless brome seed bag is buried in the soil surface layer. The awnless brome seed bag is prepared by the following method: the awnless brome seeds to be treated are mixed with a porous material containing gibberellin and an adhesive in a mass ratio of 1-2:100:0.2 to obtain the awnless brome seed bag; the porous material is selected from corn cob particles, coconut palm, hemp palm fiber or matrix nutrient soil; If the environmental osmotic potential range measured on site is: -0.9 MPa < environmental osmotic potential < 0 MPa, the porous material with gibberellin is prepared by immersing the porous material in a solution of 50-250 mg / L gibberellin; If the environmental osmotic potential range measured on site is: -1.5 MPa<environmental osmotic potential<-0.9 MPa, the porous material with gibberellin is prepared by immersing the porous material in a solution of 50-150 mg / L gibberellin.

2. The method for promoting germination of awnless brome seeds under drought conditions according to claim 1, characterized in that: Soak for 6-24 hours, remove and drain.

3. The method for promoting germination of awnless brome seeds under drought conditions according to claim 2, characterized in that: Soak for 12 hours.

4. The method for promoting germination of awnless brome seeds under drought conditions according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method further comprises mixing the awnless brome seeds to be treated, the porous material with gibberellin and the adhesive, and stirring.

5. The method for promoting germination of awnless brome seeds under drought conditions according to claim 4, characterized in that: The stirring temperature is less than 10°C.

6. The method for promoting germination of awnless brome seeds under drought conditions according to claim 5, characterized in that: The stirring temperature is 3-5°C; The awnless brome seeds to be treated are mixed with the porous material containing gibberellins and the adhesive and stirred in a completely dark environment; The adhesive is selected from at least one of styrene acrylic emulsion and carboxymethyl cellulose.

7. The method for promoting germination of awnless brome seeds under drought conditions according to claim 1, characterized in that: The seed germination conditions are: alternating light and dark, constant temperature 20-27°C, and the alternating light and dark is 12h light / 12h dark.

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