A harmless treatment device and method for fly ash dechlorination

Abstract

This invention provides a harmless treatment device and method for fly ash dechlorination, belonging to the technical field of fly ash treatment equipment. It includes, from left to right, a fly ash preheating component, a heat treatment component, a water washing component, a microwave heating component, and a cooling furnace. The fly ash preheating component preheats the fly ash in batches, gradually reducing the number of batches as the preheating temperature increases. This not only promotes the rapid attainment of heat treatment temperature for the fly ash, shortens the heating time in the gasifier, and improves the efficiency of fly ash heat treatment, but also ensures a more uniform heating temperature within the gasifier. By using the heat treatment component, water washing component, and microwave heating component to synergistically treat the fly ash using heat treatment, water washing dechlorination, and electrolytic dechlorination, the resource utilization of fly ash is achieved, demonstrating broad market application prospects.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the technical field of fly ash treatment equipment, specifically a harmless treatment device and method for fly ash dechlorination. Background Technology

[0002] In recent years, with the acceleration of urbanization, the amount of urban solid waste, represented by municipal solid waste, has been increasing, and the resulting waste disposal problems have been a persistent challenge for city managers. Thermal treatment, due to its characteristics of volume reduction, harmlessness, and resource recovery, has been widely adopted by many countries in recent years. Currently, more than 1,000 waste incinerators are in operation in my country, capable of processing more than 35% of the total waste volume. However, the waste incineration process generates a large amount of ash and residue, including slag and fly ash.

[0003] Fly ash, as a hazardous waste, has become a thorny environmental problem. It contains large amounts of heavy metals, and high levels of chloride ions and dioxins can cause serious pollution incidents, endangering public health. Countries worldwide classify fly ash as hazardous waste. Cement solidification and co-processing in cement kilns are among the main methods for utilizing fly ash resources. However, chlorides in fly ash (including potassium chloride, sodium chloride, and magnesium chloride) can lead to problems such as low solidification strength and high leaching rates of harmful substances. Therefore, chlorides must be removed from fly ash before cement solidification, requiring a harmless treatment device for fly ash dechlorination with high efficiency and effectiveness. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the aforementioned problems, this invention provides a harmless treatment device and method for fly ash dechlorination.

[0005] The technical solution of the present invention is: a harmless treatment device for fly ash dechlorination, comprising a fly ash preheating component, a heat treatment component, a water washing component, a microwave heating component, and a cooling furnace connected sequentially from left to right;

[0006] The fly ash preheating assembly includes a preheating body with an ash inlet at the top and an ash outlet at the bottom, a batch ash feeding frame disposed within the preheating body and used to connect the ash inlet and the ash outlet, and a heat conveying element connected to the preheating body. The batch ash feeding frame includes multiple horizontal ash distribution boxes distributed from top to bottom within the preheating body, and multiple ash dropping pipes disposed between two adjacent horizontal ash distribution boxes. The number of ash dropping pipes decreases from top to bottom, and the ash dropping pipe located at the lower end is disposed between two adjacent ash dropping pipes at its upper end. The heat conveying element includes a first heating pipe and a second heating pipe respectively disposed at the upper and lower ends of the preheating body, and a first solenoid valve respectively disposed on the first heating pipe and the second heating pipe.

[0007] The heat treatment assembly includes an addition mixing box connected to the ash outlet and a gasifier connected to the addition mixing box; the water washing assembly includes a water washing box connected to the gasifier, a spray pipe disposed in the water washing box, and a heat recovery element disposed between the water washing box and the gasifier. The heat recovery element includes a heat collection box disposed on the side wall of the gasifier, a Y-shaped connecting pipe with one end connected to the outlet of the heat collection box and the other two ends connected to a water storage tank and a heat preservation box, respectively. A heat circulation pipe is disposed between the heat preservation box and the gasifier, and a second solenoid valve is disposed at the heat circulation pipe. A third solenoid valve is disposed at each connection of the Y-shaped connecting pipe.

[0008] The microwave heating component is connected to the washing tank and performs microwave heating treatment on the fly ash slurry after washing in the washing tank. The cooling furnace is connected to the microwave heating component and performs cooling treatment on the fly ash after microwave heating treatment.

[0009] Furthermore, the ash discharge pipe has a spiral structure and includes a spiral outer cylinder and a spiral inner liner movably fitted inside the spiral outer cylinder. Multiple inclined baffles are staggered from top to bottom inside the spiral inner liner. The upper and lower ends of the spiral outer cylinder are threadedly connected to the side walls of the corresponding horizontal ash distribution boxes. The spiral outer cylinder is made of a heat-conducting material.

[0010] Explanation: When fly ash enters the preheating body through the ash inlet, it first enters the uppermost horizontal ash distribution box and falls through the various ash drop pipes at the bottom of the box. During this process, heat is supplied to the preheating body through the first heating pipe, heating the fly ash falling into each drop pipe. Then, the fly ash falls into the next horizontal ash distribution box and continues to enter the corresponding drop pipes at the bottom of that box for repeated heating. This process is repeated until the fly ash falls into the bottommost horizontal ash distribution box and exits through the ash outlet. In this process, the fly ash to be preheated is first divided into multiple portions for the first batch preheating. As the preheating temperature increases and the number of drop pipes decreases, the number of batches of fly ash gradually decreases. This step-by-step batch preheating process not only enables the fly ash to quickly reach the heat treatment temperature, shortens the heating time in the gasifier, and improves the fly ash heat treatment efficiency, but also ensures a more uniform heating temperature of the fly ash in the gasifier.

[0011] Furthermore, the first heating pipe and the second heating pipe are respectively located on the left and right sides of the preheating body, with the first heating pipe located at the upper end and the second heating pipe located at the lower end on the opposite side. A heat recovery pipe is provided between the second heating pipe and the first heating pipe, and a fourth solenoid valve is provided at the heat recovery pipe.

[0012] Explanation: Heat is supplied to the preheating body through the first heating pipe, thereby preheating the fly ash in each ash discharge pipe in batches and improving the preheating effect. At the same time, heat is output to the preheating body through the second heating pipe, which facilitates the regulation of the air pressure in the preheating body and avoids unsafe accidents caused by pressure buildup. The output heat is returned to the first heating pipe through the heat recovery pipe for recycling, which can not only regulate air pressure and temperature, but also recover waste heat, thus achieving the effects of energy saving and emission reduction.

[0013] Furthermore, the side wall of the mixing chamber is provided with a through connection port, and the inner wall of the mixing chamber is provided with a plurality of spray rings from left to right. A sealing mounting frame is provided at the through connection port. The sealing mounting frame includes a sealing plate that is fastened to the through connection port, a mounting crossbar located inside the mixing chamber and connected at one end to the sealing plate, and a drive motor provided on the sealing mounting frame with its output shaft connected to the mounting crossbar. The mounting crossbar is provided with spray rings located between two adjacent spray rings and between spray rings. Each spray ring is provided with a first spray port connected to the ash outlet through a connecting pipe. The spray ring is provided with a second spray port connected to an external reagent container through a connecting pipe.

[0014] Explanation: After preheating, the fly ash enters the mixing box and is sprayed onto the chemical spraying rings through the first spray nozzles on each spraying ring. Simultaneously, the chemical agents are evenly sprayed and thoroughly mixed with the fly ash through the second spray nozzles on the chemical spraying rings. At the same time, the drive motor rotates the chemical spraying rings on the mounting crossbars, causing the chemical agents to mix thoroughly with the fly ash in a spiral pattern. This greatly accelerates the mixing speed and improves the reaction efficiency of chloride ions, heavy metal ions, and other components in the fly ash with the chemical agents, ensuring the efficiency and effectiveness of the desalination reaction.

[0015] Furthermore, the spraying ring includes a mounting ring fitted onto the outer wall of the mounting crossbar, a plurality of arc-shaped mounting plates evenly distributed circumferentially on the outer wall of the mounting ring, and a plurality of hydraulic scissor lifters corresponding one-to-one with the arc-shaped mounting plates and disposed between the mounting ring and each arc-shaped mounting plate, wherein the second spray nozzle is evenly distributed on each arc-shaped mounting plate.

[0016] Instructions: When cleaning the spray ring, drive each hydraulic scissor lift. The compression action of the hydraulic scissor lift brings the arc-shaped mounting plates closer together, reducing the size of each spray ring. This allows the spray ring to move out from the center of the ash ring. Then, remove the sealing plate from the through connection for cleaning. The above cleaning process is simple in structure and easy to operate. The spray ring can be removed simultaneously, increasing cleaning convenience and effectiveness.

[0017] Furthermore, each of the arc-shaped mounting plates is composed of multiple sub-arc-shaped mounting plates with successively increasing arc lengths. The multiple sub-arc-shaped mounting plates with successively increasing arc lengths are distributed gradually away from the mounting ring. Each sub-arc-shaped mounting plate has an arc-shaped mounting opening at its bottom end. One end of the hydraulic scissor lift is located in each of the arc-shaped mounting openings, and the other end is used to connect adjacent sub-arc-shaped mounting plates.

[0018] Explanation: When each sub-arc mounting plate is dispersed by the corresponding hydraulic scissor lift, the chemical agent is sprayed all around the spray ring without any blind spots, increasing the mixing efficiency. When the spray ring needs to be cleaned, the hydraulic scissor lift brings the sub-arc mounting plates closer to each other. At the same time, the sub-arc mounting plates located on the same radial direction approach each other and nest together, greatly reducing the volume occupied by the spray ring and increasing the convenience of movement and cleaning.

[0019] Furthermore, the heat recovery element also includes a temperature monitoring instrument located on the side wall of the gasifier.

[0020] Note: The temperature inside the gasifier is monitored by a temperature monitoring instrument to ensure temperature stability and improve pyrolysis efficiency.

[0021] Furthermore, the cooling furnace is equipped with a heat collection hood, inside which are an exhaust fan and a cold air fan. The heat collection hood is connected to a heat recovery pipe via a circulating insulation pipe, and a temperature sensor is installed at the heat collection hood.

[0022] Explanation: The cooling furnace cools the treated fly ash. At the same time, the temperature inside the cooling furnace is monitored by a temperature sensor. When the temperature is too high, a cold air fan supplies cold air into the cooling furnace to increase the cooling rate. Meanwhile, an exhaust fan draws the heat from the cooling furnace to the circulating insulation pipe and sends it back into the preheating body for recycling, which has the effect of energy saving and emission reduction.

[0023] This invention also discloses a method for the harmless treatment of fly ash dechlorination, based on the aforementioned harmless treatment device for fly ash dechlorination, comprising the following steps:

[0024] S1. The fly ash that needs to be desulfurized is fed into the preheating body through the ash inlet. It first enters the uppermost horizontal ash distribution box and falls through the ash drop pipes at the bottom of the horizontal ash distribution box. During the falling process, heat is supplied to the preheating body through the first heating pipe to heat the fly ash falling into each ash drop pipe. Then, the fly ash falls into the next horizontal ash distribution box and continues to enter the corresponding ash drop pipes at the bottom of the horizontal ash distribution box for repeated heating. The above process is repeated until the fly ash falls into the bottommost horizontal ash distribution box and falls out through the ash outlet.

[0025] S2. After preheating, the fly ash enters the mixing tank. At the same time, chemical agents are added to the mixing tank and mixed thoroughly with the fly ash to obtain a fly ash mixture. Then, the fly ash mixture is added to the gasifier for heat treatment and dechlorination to obtain first-grade fly ash.

[0026] S3. Add the primary fly ash to the water washing tank. At the same time, use the heat collection box to collect the heat in the gasifier and transport it to the water storage tank through one end of the Y-type connecting pipe. The liquid water in the water storage tank is heated into water vapor. The heated water vapor is sprayed onto the primary fly ash in the water washing tank through the spray pipe for water washing and dechlorination to obtain secondary fly ash. During this process, the excess heat collected by the heat collection box enters the insulation box and is recycled through the heat circulation pipe.

[0027] S4. Add the secondary fly ash to the microwave heating component for microwave heating treatment to obtain the tertiary fly ash. Finally, use a cooling furnace to cool the tertiary fly ash.

[0028] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0029] (1) The fly ash dechlorination harmless treatment device of the present invention preheats the fly ash that needs to be preheated in batches through the fly ash preheating component. As the preheating temperature increases, the number of batches of fly ash gradually decreases. This not only enables the fly ash to reach the heat treatment temperature quickly, shortens the heating time of fly ash in the gasifier, and improves the heat treatment efficiency of fly ash, but also ensures that the heating temperature of fly ash in the gasifier is more uniform. By using the heat treatment component, water washing component and microwave heating component to treat fly ash in a coordinated manner using three methods: heat treatment + water washing dechlorination + electrolytic dechlorination, the resource utilization of fly ash is realized, which has broad market application prospects.

[0030] (2) After the preheating treatment, the fly ash enters the mixing box and is sprayed into each part of the spray ring through the first spray nozzle on each spray ring. At the same time, the chemical agent is evenly sprayed and fully mixed with the fly ash through the second spray nozzle on each spray ring. Meanwhile, the spray ring on the mounting crossbar is rotated by the drive motor, so that the chemical agent is fully mixed with the fly ash in a spiral shape, which greatly speeds up the mixing speed and improves the reaction efficiency of components such as chloride ions and heavy metal ions in fly ash with chemical agents, ensuring the efficiency and effect of desalination reaction.

[0031] (3) The treated fly ash is cooled by a cooling furnace. At the same time, the temperature inside the cooling furnace is monitored by a temperature sensor. When the temperature is too high, cold air is supplied to the cooling furnace by a cold air blower to increase the cooling rate. Meanwhile, the heat inside the cooling furnace is drawn to the circulating insulation pipe by an exhaust fan and sent back to the preheating body for recycling, which has the effect of energy saving and emission reduction. Attached Figure Description

[0032] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the body structure of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the preheating body of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the ash discharge pipe of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of the ash discharge pipe of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the mixing chamber of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 6 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of the arc-shaped mounting plate of the present invention.

[0038] Among them, 1-fly ash preheating component, 10-preheating body, 100-ash inlet, 101-ash outlet, 11-batch ash feeding frame, 110-horizontal ash distribution box, 111-ash drop pipe, 112-spiral outer cylinder, 113-spiral inner lining, 114-inclined baffle plate, 12-heat conveying element, 120-first heating pipe, 121-second heating pipe, 122-first solenoid valve, 123-heat recovery pipe, 124-fourth solenoid valve, 2-heat treatment component, 20-addition mixing box, 21-gasifier, 22-through connection port, 23-ash spraying ring, 230-first spray nozzle, 24-sealing mounting frame, 240-sealing plate, 241-mounting crossbar, 2 42-Drive motor, 2424-Arc-shaped mounting port, 243-Spraying ring, 2430-Mounting ring, 2431-Arc-shaped mounting plate, 2432-Hydraulic scissor lift, 2433-Sub-arc-shaped mounting plate, 244-Second spray nozzle, 3-Water washing assembly, 30-Water washing tank, 31-Spray pipe, 32-Heat recovery element, 320-Heat collection box, 321-Y-type connecting pipe, 322-Heat circulation pipe, 323-Second solenoid valve, 324-Third solenoid valve, 325-Temperature monitor, 4-Microwave heating assembly, 5-Cooling furnace, 50-Heat collection cover, 51-Exhaust fan, 52-Cold air blower, 53-Circulating insulation pipe, 54-Temperature sensor. Detailed Implementation

[0039] To further understand the content of the present invention, the present invention will be described in detail below through embodiments.

[0040] Example 1:

[0041] like Figure 1 , 2As shown, a harmless treatment device for fly ash dechlorination includes a fly ash preheating component 1, a heat treatment component 2, a water washing component 3, a microwave heating component 4, and a cooling furnace 5 connected sequentially from left to right.

[0042] The fly ash preheating assembly 1 includes a preheating body 10 with an ash inlet 100 at the upper end and an ash outlet 101 at the lower end, a batch ash feeding frame 11 disposed within the preheating body 10 and used to connect the ash inlet 100 and the ash outlet 101, and a heat conveying element 12 connected to the preheating body 10. The batch ash feeding frame 11 includes three horizontal ash distribution boxes 110 distributed from top to bottom within the preheating body 10, and four ash dropping pipes 111 disposed between two adjacent horizontal ash distribution boxes 110. The number of ash dropping pipes 111 decreases from top to bottom. The ash dropping pipe 111 located at the lower end is disposed between two adjacent ash dropping pipes 111 located at the upper end. The heat conveying element 12 includes a first heating pipe 120 and a second heating pipe 121 disposed at the upper and lower ends of the preheating body 10, and a first solenoid valve 122 disposed on the first heating pipe 120 and the second heating pipe 121, respectively. The ash dropping pipe 111 is a commonly used cylindrical connecting pipe.

[0043] The heat treatment assembly 2 includes an addition mixing box 20 connected to the ash outlet 101 and a gasifier 21 connected to the addition mixing box 20; the water washing assembly 3 includes a water washing box 30 connected to the gasifier 21, a spray pipe 31 disposed in the water washing box 30, and a heat recovery element 32 disposed between the water washing box 30 and the gasifier 21. The heat recovery element 32 includes a heat collection box 320 disposed on the side wall of the gasifier 21, a Y-shaped connecting pipe 321 with one end connected to the outlet of the heat collection box 320 and the other two ends respectively connected to a water storage tank 33 and a heat preservation box 34, a heat circulation pipe 322 disposed between the heat preservation box 34 and the gasifier 21, and a second solenoid valve 323 disposed at the heat circulation pipe 322, and a third solenoid valve 324 disposed at each connection of the Y-shaped connecting pipe 321.

[0044] The microwave heating component 4 is connected to the water washing tank 30 and performs microwave heating treatment on the fly ash slurry after water washing in the water washing tank 30. The cooling furnace 5 is connected to the microwave heating component 4 and performs cooling treatment on the fly ash after microwave heating treatment.

[0045] The first heating pipe 120 and the second heating pipe 121 are respectively located on the left and right sides of the preheating body 10, with the first heating pipe 120 located at the upper end and the second heating pipe 121 located at the lower end on the opposite side. A heat return pipe 123 is provided between the second heating pipe 121 and the first heating pipe 120, and a fourth solenoid valve 124 is provided at the heat return pipe 123.

[0046] The heat recovery element 32 also includes a temperature monitoring instrument 325 disposed on the side wall of the gasifier 21;

[0047] The first solenoid valve 122, the gasifier 21, the second solenoid valve 323, the third solenoid valve 324, the fourth solenoid valve 124, and the temperature monitor 325 adopt existing technologies.

[0048] Example 2:

[0049] This embodiment discloses a method for the harmless treatment of fly ash dechlorination, based on a harmless treatment device for fly ash dechlorination according to Embodiment 1, including the following steps:

[0050] S1. The fly ash that needs to be desulfurized is fed into the preheating body 10 through the ash inlet 100. It first enters the uppermost horizontal ash distribution box 110 and falls through the ash drop pipes 111 at the bottom of the horizontal ash distribution box 110. During the falling process, heat is supplied to the preheating body 10 through the first heating pipe 120 to heat the fly ash falling into each ash drop pipe 111. Then, the fly ash falls into the next horizontal ash distribution box 110 and continues to enter the corresponding ash drop pipes 111 at the bottom of the horizontal ash distribution box 110 for repeated heating. The above process is repeated until the fly ash falls into the bottommost horizontal ash distribution box 110 and falls out through the ash outlet 101.

[0051] S2. After preheating, the fly ash enters the mixing tank 20. At the same time, chemical agents are added to the mixing tank 20 and mixed thoroughly with the fly ash to obtain a fly ash mixture. Then, the fly ash mixture is added to the gasifier 21 for heat treatment and dechlorination to obtain first-grade fly ash.

[0052] S3. Add the primary fly ash to the water washing tank 30. At the same time, use the heat collection box 320 to collect the heat in the gasifier 21 and transport it to the water storage tank 33 through one end of the Y-type connecting pipe 321. The liquid water in the water storage tank 33 is heated into water vapor. The heated water vapor is sprayed onto the primary fly ash in the water washing tank 30 through the spray pipe 31 for water washing and dechlorination to obtain secondary fly ash. During this period, the excess heat collected by the heat collection box 320 enters the heat preservation box 34 and is recycled through the heat circulation pipe 322.

[0053] S4. Add the secondary fly ash to the microwave heating component 4 for microwave heating treatment to obtain the tertiary fly ash. Finally, use the cooling furnace 5 to cool the tertiary fly ash.

[0054] Example 3:

[0055] The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that:

[0056] like Figure 2 , 3As shown in Figure 4, the ash discharge pipe 111 has a spiral structure and includes a spiral outer cylinder 112 and a spiral inner liner 113 movably sleeved inside the spiral outer cylinder 112. Four inclined baffles 114 are staggered from top to bottom inside the spiral inner liner 113. The upper and lower ends of the spiral outer cylinder 112 are threaded to the side wall of the corresponding horizontal ash distribution box 110. The spiral outer cylinder 112 is made of a heat-conducting material, which is copper.

[0057] Example 4:

[0058] The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 2 is that:

[0059] When fly ash enters the preheating body 10 through the ash inlet 100, it first enters the uppermost horizontal ash distribution box 110 and falls through the ash drop pipes 111 at the bottom of the horizontal ash distribution box 110. During the falling process, heat is supplied to the preheating body 10 through the first heating pipe 120 to heat the fly ash falling into each ash drop pipe 111. Then, the fly ash falls into the next horizontal ash distribution box 110 and continues to enter the corresponding ash drop pipes 111 at the bottom of the horizontal ash distribution box 110 for repeated heating. The above process is repeated until the fly ash falls into the bottommost horizontal ash distribution box 110 and falls out through the ash outlet 101.

[0060] Example 5:

[0061] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 3 is that:

[0062] like Figure 5 , 6 As shown, the side wall of the mixing box 20 is provided with a through connection port 22. The inner wall of the mixing box 20 is provided with three spray rings 23 from left to right. A sealing mounting frame 24 is provided at the through connection port 22. The sealing mounting frame 24 includes a sealing plate 240 that is fastened to the through connection port 22, a mounting crossbar 241 located inside the mixing box 20 and connected to the sealing plate 240 at one end, and a drive motor 242 located on the sealing mounting frame 24 and whose output shaft is connected to the mounting crossbar 241. The mounting crossbar 241 is provided with spray rings 243 located between two adjacent spray rings 23 and between spray rings 23. Each spray ring 23 is provided with a first spray port 230 connected to the ash outlet 101 through a connecting pipe. The spray ring 243 is provided with a second spray port 244 connected to an external reagent container through a connecting pipe.

[0063] The spraying ring 243 includes a mounting ring 2430 sleeved on the outer wall of the mounting crossbar 241, three arc-shaped mounting plates 2431 evenly distributed circumferentially on the outer wall of the mounting ring 2430, and three hydraulic scissor lifters 2432 corresponding to the arc-shaped mounting plates 2431 and located between the mounting ring 2430 and each arc-shaped mounting plate 2431. The second spray nozzle 244 is evenly distributed on each arc-shaped mounting plate 2431.

[0064] Each arc-shaped mounting plate 2431 is composed of two sub-arc-shaped mounting plates 2433 with successively increasing arc lengths. The two sub-arc-shaped mounting plates 2433 are distributed gradually away from the mounting ring 2430, and each sub-arc-shaped mounting plate 2433 has an arc-shaped mounting opening 2424 at its bottom end. One end of the hydraulic scissor lift 2432 is located in each arc-shaped mounting opening 2424, and the other end is used to connect to adjacent sub-arc-shaped mounting plates 2433.

[0065] The drive motor 242 and the hydraulic scissor lift 2432 adopt existing technologies.

[0066] Example 6:

[0067] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 4 is that:

[0068] After being preheated, the fly ash enters the mixing box 20 and is sprayed onto the spraying ring 243 through the first spray nozzles 230 on each spraying ring 23. At the same time, the chemical agent is evenly sprayed and fully mixed with the fly ash through the second spray nozzles 244 on the spraying ring 243. Meanwhile, the spraying ring 243 on the mounting crossbar 241 is rotated by the drive motor 242, so that the chemical agent is fully mixed with the fly ash in a spiral shape.

[0069] When it is necessary to clean the spray ring 243, drive each hydraulic scissor lift 2432. Through the compression action of the hydraulic scissor lift 2432, make each arc-shaped mounting plate 2431 move closer to each other, reduce the size of each spray ring 243, and allow the spray ring 243 to move out from the center of the ash ring 23. Then, remove the sealing plate 240 from the through connection port 22 for cleaning.

[0070] When each sub-arc mounting plate 2433 is driven and dispersed by the corresponding hydraulic scissor lift 2432, chemical agents are sprayed all around the spray ring 23 without any blind spots. When it is necessary to clean the spray ring 23, the hydraulic scissor lift 2432 causes each sub-arc mounting plate 2433 to move closer to each other. At the same time, the sub-arc mounting plates 2433 located on the same radial direction move closer to each other and are nested together.

[0071] Example 7:

[0072] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 5 is that:

[0073] like Figure 1 As shown, the cooling furnace 5 is equipped with a heat collection hood 50, and the heat collection hood 50 is equipped with an exhaust fan 51 and a cold air fan 52. The heat collection hood 50 is connected to the heat return pipe 123 through a circulating heat insulation pipe 53, and a temperature sensor 54 is provided at the heat collection hood 50.

[0074] Among them, the exhaust fan 51, the air cooler 52 and the temperature sensor 54 adopt existing technologies.

[0075] Example 8:

[0076] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 6 is that:

[0077] The treated fly ash is cooled by the cooling furnace 5. At the same time, the temperature inside the cooling furnace 5 is monitored by the temperature sensor 54. When the temperature is too high, the cooling fan 52 provides cold air to the cooling furnace 5 to increase the cooling rate. Meanwhile, the exhaust fan 51 draws the heat from the cooling furnace 5 to the circulating insulation pipe 53 and sends it back to the preheating body 10 for recycling.

Claims

1. A harmless treatment device for fly ash dechlorination, characterized in that, It includes, from left to right, a fly ash preheating assembly (1), a heat treatment assembly (2), a water washing assembly (3), a microwave heating assembly (4), and a cooling furnace (5); The fly ash preheating assembly (1) includes a preheating body (10) with an ash inlet (100) at the upper end and an ash outlet (101) at the lower end, a batch ash feeding frame (11) disposed within the preheating body (10) and used to connect the ash inlet (100) and the ash outlet (101), and a heat conveying element (12) connected to the preheating body (10). The batch ash feeding frame (11) includes a plurality of horizontal ash distribution boxes (110) distributed from top to bottom within the preheating body (10), and a heat conveying element (12) disposed between two adjacent horizontal ash distribution boxes. Multiple ash discharge pipes (111) between boxes (110), the number of ash discharge pipes (111) decreases from top to bottom, and the ash discharge pipe (111) located at the lower end is located between two adjacent ash discharge pipes (111) at its upper end. The heat transfer element (12) includes a first heating pipe (120) and a second heating pipe (121) respectively located at the upper and lower ends of the preheating body (10), and a first solenoid valve (122) respectively located on the first heating pipe (120) and the second heating pipe (121). The heat treatment assembly (2) includes an addition mixing box (20) connected to the ash outlet (101) and a gasifier (21) connected to the addition mixing box (20); the water washing assembly (3) includes a water washing box (30) connected to the gasifier (21), a spray pipe (31) disposed in the water washing box (30), and a heat recovery element (32) disposed between the water washing box (30) and the gasifier (21). The heat recovery element (32) includes a spray pipe (31) disposed in the gasifier (21). 1) A heat collection box (320) on the side wall, a Y-shaped connecting pipe (321) with one end connected to the outlet of the heat collection box (320) and the other two ends connected to a water storage tank (33) and an insulation box (34) respectively, a heat circulation pipe (322) is provided between the insulation box (34) and the gasifier (21), and a second solenoid valve (323) is provided at the heat circulation pipe (322), and a third solenoid valve (324) is provided at each connection of the Y-shaped connecting pipe (321); The microwave heating component (4) is connected to the washing tank (30) and performs microwave heating treatment on the fly ash slurry after washing in the washing tank (30). The cooling furnace (5) is connected to the microwave heating component (4) and performs cooling treatment on the fly ash after microwave heating treatment. The mixing tank (20) has a through connection port (22) on its side wall. Multiple spray rings (23) are arranged sequentially from left to right on the inner wall of the mixing tank (20). A sealing mounting bracket (24) is provided at the through connection port (22). The sealing mounting bracket (24) includes a sealing plate (240) that snaps onto the through connection port (22), a mounting crossbar (241) located inside the mixing tank (20) and connected at one end to the sealing plate (240), and a mounting bracket (241) mounted on the sealing mounting bracket (24). The output shaft is connected to the drive motor (242) and the mounting crossbar (241). The mounting crossbar (241) is provided with a spray ring (243) located between two adjacent spray rings (23) and between the spray ring (23) and the inner wall of the mixing box (20). Each spray ring (23) is provided with a first spray port (230) connected to the ash outlet (101) through a connecting pipe. The spray ring (243) is provided with a second spray port (244) connected to the external reagent container through a connecting pipe. The spray ring (243) includes a mounting ring (2430) sleeved on the outer wall of the mounting crossbar (241), a plurality of arc-shaped mounting plates (2431) evenly distributed circumferentially on the outer wall of the mounting ring (2430), a plurality of hydraulic scissor lifters (2432) corresponding one-to-one with the arc-shaped mounting plates (2431) and disposed between the mounting ring (2430) and each arc-shaped mounting plate (2431), and the second spray nozzle (244) is evenly distributed on each arc-shaped mounting plate (2431); Each of the arc-shaped mounting plates (2431) is composed of multiple sub-arc-shaped mounting plates (2433) with successively increasing arc lengths. The multiple sub-arc-shaped mounting plates (2433) with successively increasing arc lengths are distributed towards the side gradually away from the mounting ring (2430). Each sub-arc-shaped mounting plate (2433) has an arc-shaped mounting opening (2424) at its bottom end. One end of the hydraulic scissor lift (2432) is located in each of the arc-shaped mounting openings (2424), and the other end is used to connect adjacent sub-arc-shaped mounting plates (2433).

2. The harmless treatment device for fly ash dechlorination according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ash discharge pipe (111) has a spiral structure and includes a spiral outer cylinder (112) and a spiral inner liner (113) movably sleeved inside the spiral outer cylinder (112). Multiple inclined baffles (114) are staggered from top to bottom inside the spiral inner liner (113). The upper and lower ends of the spiral outer cylinder (112) are threaded to the side wall of the corresponding horizontal ash distribution box (110). The spiral outer cylinder (112) is made of heat-conducting material.

3. The harmless treatment device for fly ash dechlorination according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first heating pipe (120) and the second heating pipe (121) are respectively located on the left and right sides of the preheating body (10), with the first heating pipe (120) located at the upper end and the second heating pipe (121) located at the lower end on the opposite side. A heat recovery pipe (123) is provided between the second heating pipe (121) and the first heating pipe (120), and a fourth solenoid valve (124) is provided at the heat recovery pipe (123).

4. The harmless treatment device for fly ash dechlorination according to claim 1, characterized in that, The heat recovery element (32) also includes a temperature monitoring instrument (325) located on the side wall of the gasifier (21).

5. A harmless treatment device for fly ash dechlorination according to claim 3, characterized in that, The cooling furnace (5) is equipped with a heat collection hood (50), and the heat collection hood (50) is equipped with an exhaust fan (51) and a cold air fan (52). The heat collection hood (50) is connected to the heat recovery pipe (123) through a circulating heat insulation pipe (53), and a temperature sensor (54) is provided at the heat collection hood (50).

6. A method for the harmless treatment of fly ash dechlorination, comprising a harmless treatment device for fly ash dechlorination according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. The fly ash that needs to be desulfurized is fed into the preheating body (10) through the ash inlet (100). It first enters the uppermost horizontal ash distribution box (110) and falls through each ash drop pipe (111) at the bottom of the horizontal ash distribution box (110). During the falling process, heat is supplied to the preheating body (10) through the first heating pipe (120) and the fly ash falling into each ash drop pipe (111) is heated. Then, the fly ash falls into the next horizontal ash distribution box (110) and continues to enter the corresponding ash drop pipe (111) at the bottom of the horizontal ash distribution box (110) for repeated heating. The above process is repeated until the fly ash falls into the bottommost horizontal ash distribution box (110) and falls out through the ash outlet (101). S2. After preheating, the fly ash enters the addition mixing box (20). At the same time, chemical agents are added to the addition mixing box (20) and fully mixed with the fly ash to obtain a fly ash mixture. Then, the fly ash mixture is added to the gasifier (21) for heat treatment and dechlorination to obtain first-grade fly ash. S3. Add the primary fly ash to the water washing tank (30). At the same time, use the heat collection box (320) to collect the heat in the gasifier (21) and transport it to the water storage tank (33) through one end of the Y-type connecting pipe (321). The liquid water in the water storage tank (33) is heated into water vapor. The heated water vapor is sprayed onto the primary fly ash in the water washing tank (30) through the spray pipe (31) for water washing and dechlorination to obtain secondary fly ash. During this period, the excess heat collected by the heat collection box (320) enters the heat preservation box (34) and is recycled through the heat circulation pipe (322). S4. Add the secondary fly ash to the microwave heating component (4) for microwave heating treatment to obtain the tertiary fly ash. Finally, use the cooling furnace (5) to cool the tertiary fly ash.

Images