A machine tool

Abstract

The application provides a machining tool, belonging to the technical field of machinery. It solves the problem that the existing slender part is easy to deform during machining. The machining tool comprises a base, a main shaft box assembly and a vice main shaft box assembly which are horizontally connected to the base, the main shaft box assembly and the vice main shaft box assembly are oppositely arranged and a machining position is formed between the main shaft box assembly and the vice main shaft box assembly, a first cutter tower assembly is movably connected to the top of the base, a second cutter tower assembly is movably connected to the side of the base which faces the machining position, and the first cutter tower assembly and the second cutter tower assembly can respectively move to the machining position and are positioned on the two sides of the machining position. The machining tool has the advantage that the slender part is not easy to deform during machining.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of machinery, and relates to a machining tool. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the continuous development of manufacturing technology, the machining precision requirements for various parts in the industry are also getting higher and higher. At present, many numerical control machine tools are manually turned and clamped after machining one end of the part, and then the other end of the part is machined, so that the whole machining process needs to be clamped multiple times, which not only reduces the machining efficiency but also makes it difficult to meet the use requirements.

[0003] Therefore, people have designed a turning-milling combined numerical control lathe with a synthetic Y axis, and applied for a Chinese patent with the application number 202022772746.8 and the publication number CN213672840U. The turning-milling combined numerical control lathe comprises a bed, a spindle box assembly installed on the bed, a sliding plate assembly slidingly installed on the bed, and a tool turret assembly installed on the sliding plate assembly. The bed is integrally inclined by 30°, and a vice spindle box assembly corresponding to the position of the spindle box assembly is installed on the bed. The spindle box assembly and the vice spindle box assembly both contain a magnetic ring encoder and a hydraulic brake device, and a motor rack with adjustable position is installed on the bed. The spindle box assembly and the vice spindle box assembly are coaxially arranged in the turning-milling combined numerical control lathe, and the part can be transferred to the vice spindle box assembly for secondary clamping after being clamped and machined on the spindle box assembly. Through the coaxial arrangement of the spindle box assembly and the vice spindle box assembly, the machining precision of the part after being transferred can be maximized.

[0004] However, for slender parts, if the outer side of one side of the part is machined by the tool turret assembly after the part is clamped by the spindle box assembly and the vice spindle box assembly, the farther the machining position is from the clamping point, the greater the deformation of the part during machining, and the greater the machining precision error, which further affects the machining efficiency. SUMMARY

[0005] The present application aims to solve the above-mentioned problems existing in the prior art, and provides a machining tool to solve the problem that the slender part is prone to deformation during machining.

[0006] The purpose of the present application can be achieved by the following technical solutions:

[0007] A machining tool comprises a base, a main spindle box assembly and a sub-main spindle box assembly horizontally connected to the base, the main spindle box assembly and the sub-main spindle box assembly oppositely arranged and forming a machining position therebetween, characterized in that a first tool turret assembly is movably connected to the top of the base, and a second tool turret assembly is movably connected to the side of the base facing the machining position, and the first tool turret assembly and the second tool turret assembly can be respectively moved towards the machining position and positioned on the opposite sides of the machining position.

[0008] In the machining tool, the main spindle box assembly and the sub-main spindle box assembly are coaxially connected to the base and oppositely arranged, and the machining position is formed between the main spindle box assembly and the sub-main spindle box assembly for clamping a workpiece. The first tool turret assembly connected to the top of the base and the second tool turret assembly connected to the side of the base form a height difference. When machining an elongated workpiece, the main spindle box assembly and the sub-main spindle box assembly clamp the two ends of the workpiece, respectively, and then the first tool turret assembly connected to the top of the base is driven to move to the upper side of the workpiece, and the second tool turret assembly connected to the side of the base is driven to move to the lower side of the workpiece, and the two sides of the workpiece are simultaneously or sequentially acted on, and the workpiece is machined. Here, through the abutting and acting of the first tool turret assembly and the second tool turret assembly on the opposite sides of the workpiece, the deformation of the workpiece caused by single-sided machining can be reduced or even avoided, and the small deformation of the workpiece caused by its own gravity can be offset, thereby improving the machining accuracy of the workpiece. Moreover, the two tools on the first tool turret assembly and the second tool turret assembly simultaneously perform machining, thereby improving the machining efficiency. Of course, when machining some workpieces with small axial length, the main spindle box assembly and the sub-main spindle box assembly can clamp a workpiece, respectively, and the first tool turret assembly and the second tool turret assembly can perform machining or alternate machining, thereby also improving the machining efficiency of the workpiece.

[0009] In the machining tool, the top surface of the base is a horizontal surface, a first sliding plate is connected to the top surface of the base and can move towards or away from the machining position in the horizontal direction, the first tool turret assembly is connected to the side of the first sliding plate facing the machining position, and the first tool turret assembly can be lifted or lowered relative to the first sliding plate. For different specifications of workpieces, the height position of the first tool turret assembly can be adjusted, and the horizontal position of the first tool turret assembly can be adjusted by the first sliding plate, so that the tool of the first tool turret assembly can more accurately abut and act on the outside of the workpiece, thereby providing support for the machining of the workpiece, avoiding large deformation of the workpiece, and ensuring the machining accuracy of the workpiece.

[0010] In the machining tool mentioned above, the side of the base is movably connected with a second slide plate, the second slide plate can move towards or away from the machining position in the horizontal direction, the second tool tower assembly is connected to the second slide plate and can be lifted relative to the second slide plate. Similarly, by lifting the second tool tower assembly and moving the second slide plate horizontally, the vertical and horizontal positions of the cutting tools on the second tool tower assembly relative to the outer side of the workpiece can be adjusted to adapt to the machining and support requirements of workpieces of different specifications, avoid large deformation of the workpiece, and ensure the machining accuracy of the workpiece.

[0011] In the machining tool mentioned above, the top surface of the base is connected with a first slide table, and the first slide table can reciprocate relative to the base along the axial direction of the spindle box assembly, the first slide plate is connected to the upper side of the first slide table, the side of the base is connected with a second slide table, and the second slide table can reciprocate relative to the base along the axial direction of the spindle box assembly, and the second slide plate is connected to the second slide table. By providing the first slide table and the second slide table, the positions of the first tool tower assembly and the second tool tower assembly in the axial direction of the spindle box assembly can be adjusted, and then the machining and support positions of the cutting tools relative to the workpiece in the axial direction can be adjusted to meet the machining requirements of the workpiece and ensure the machining accuracy of the workpiece.

[0012] In the machining tool mentioned above, the first tool tower assembly includes a housing, a cutter disc with a plurality of cutting tools distributed circumferentially, a tool changing drive, and a machining drive capable of driving the cutting tools to rotate circumferentially. The housing is also provided with a ring-shaped fixed-tooth disc fixed circumferentially to the housing and a ring-shaped movable-tooth disc fixed circumferentially to the cutter disc and capable of moving axially relative to the cutter disc. The movable-tooth disc, the fixed-tooth disc, and the cutter disc are coaxially arranged, and the movable-tooth disc is located between the fixed-tooth disc and the cutter disc. The housing at one end of the movable-tooth disc towards the cutter disc has a combination cavity adjacent to the movable-tooth disc, and the housing at one end of the movable-tooth disc towards the fixed-tooth disc has a separation cavity adjacent to the movable-tooth disc. The tool changing drive can drive the movable-tooth disc to rotate circumferentially. When the first tool tower assembly is working, oil is injected into the separation cavity, the movable-tooth disc moves axially away from the fixed-tooth disc under the oil pressure in the separation cavity, and the movable-tooth disc is separated from the fixed-tooth disc. The tool changing drive drives the cutter disc to rotate circumferentially through the movable-tooth disc to change tools. After the tool changing is completed, the injection of oil into the separation cavity is stopped, and oil is injected into the combination cavity. The movable-tooth disc moves towards the fixed-tooth disc under the oil pressure of the oil in the combination cavity and engages with the fixed-tooth disc. Then the movable-tooth disc and the cutter disc remain stationary, and the machining drive drives the cutting tools to rotate circumferentially for workpiece machining. Here, the position and state of the movable-tooth disc are switched by injecting oil, which is smoother and can effectively avoid being stuck.

[0013] In the machining tool mentioned above, a cylindrical shaft sleeve is arranged in the housing, the outer side of one end of the shaft sleeve close to the cutter head has a protruding annular stopper, the outer side of the shaft sleeve is also axially fixed with an annular blocking part, the movable gear disc is sleeved on the outer side of the shaft sleeve and the blocking part, the inner side of the movable gear disc has a protruding annular partition, the partition is located between the stopper and the blocking part, and the partition and the stopper and the partition and the blocking part form the combination cavity and the separation cavity respectively. The combination cavity and the separation cavity are formed by the gap between the protruding partition, the stopper and the blocking part, so that the volume of the two cavities is small, the oil injection is fast, and the switching action of the movable gear disc is fast, thereby improving the tool changing efficiency.

[0014] In the machining tool mentioned above, a rod-shaped transmission shaft is arranged in the housing, the output end of the machining driving part is connected with one end of the transmission shaft through a synchronous wheel and a synchronous belt, the other end of the transmission shaft is connected with the cutter of the cutter head through a bevel gear, and the movable gear disc, the fixed gear disc and the shaft sleeve are all sleeved on the outer side of the transmission shaft. The transmission shaft is axially arranged through the movable gear disc, the fixed gear disc and the shaft sleeve, so that the structure between the two sets of transmission structures is more compact.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the machining tool can simultaneously process the two sides of a single elongated workpiece through the cooperation of the structure and position of the first tool tower assembly and the second tool tower assembly, provides support for both sides of the workpiece, improves the efficiency, reduces and avoids the possibility of radial deformation of the workpiece, and ensures the accuracy of the workpiece processing. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 is a structural schematic diagram of the machining tool.

[0017] Figure 2 is a structural schematic diagram of the machining tool from another perspective.

[0018] Figure 3 is a sectional structural schematic diagram of the spindle box assembly of the machining tool.

[0019] Figure 4 is a sectional structural schematic diagram of the first tool tower assembly in the machining tool.

[0020] In the diagram, 1. Base; 2. Spindle box assembly; 21. Spindle; 22. Drive motor; 23. Encoder; 24. Hydraulic brake; 3. Sub-spindle box assembly; 4. Machining position; 5. First turret assembly; 51. Housing; 52. Tool head; 53. Tool changer drive; 54. Machining drive; 55. Fixed gear plate; 56. Moving gear plate; 561. Separator; 57. Engagement cavity; 58. Disengagement cavity; 59. Bushing; 591. Edge retainer; 501. Blocking part; 502. Drive shaft; 503. Synchronous belt; 504. Bevel gear; 6. Second turret assembly; 7. First slide plate; 8. First slide table; 9. First X-axis guide rail; 10. First Y-axis guide rail; 11. First Z-axis guide rail. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The following are specific embodiments of the present invention, which are described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.

[0022] like Figure 1 As shown, this machining tool includes a square base 1 and a main spindle box assembly 2 and a secondary spindle box assembly 3 horizontally fixed to the front side of the base 1. The main spindle box assembly 2 and the secondary spindle box assembly 3 are arranged opposite to each other and form a machining position 4 between them. A W-axis guide rail is horizontally fixed on one side of the base 1 and arranged along the axial direction of the main spindle box assembly 2. The secondary spindle box assembly 3 is connected to the W-axis guide rail and can move closer to or away from the main spindle box assembly 2 along the W-axis guide rail.

[0023] like Figure 2 As shown, the top surface of the base 1 is a horizontal plane. A first Z-axis guide rail 11 is horizontally fixed on the top surface along the axial direction of the spindle box assembly 2. A first slide table 8 is slidably connected to the first Z-axis guide rail 11. A first Y-axis guide rail 10 perpendicular to the first Z-axis guide rail 11 is horizontally fixed on the top surface of the first slide table 8. A first slide plate 7 is slidably connected to the first Y-axis guide rail 10. A first X-axis guide rail 9 is vertically fixed on the side of the first slide plate 7 facing the machining position 4. A first turret assembly 5 is slidably connected to the first X-axis guide rail 9.

[0024] A second Z-axis guide rail, arranged axially along the spindle box assembly 2, is horizontally fixed to the front side of the base 1. A second slide table is slidably connected to the second Z-axis guide rail. A second Y-axis guide rail, parallel to the first Y-axis guide rail 10, is horizontally fixed to the second slide table. A second slide plate is slidably connected to the second Y-axis guide rail. A second X-axis guide rail, parallel to the first X-axis guide rail 9, is vertically fixed to the second slide plate. A second turret assembly 6 is slidably connected to the second X-axis guide rail. The first turret assembly 5 and the second turret assembly 6 can move towards the machining position 4 and be positioned on opposite sides of the machining position 4. In this embodiment, the movement along the guide rails is driven by a motor.

[0025] The main spindle box assembly 2 and the auxiliary main spindle box assembly 3 are identical in structure and symmetrically arranged. As shown in Figure 3 The main spindle box assembly 2 comprises a box body, a main spindle 21 horizontally arranged in the box body, a driving motor 22 sleeved and connected to the outer side of the main spindle 21, an encoder 23 and a hydraulic brake 24, wherein the encoder 23 and the hydraulic brake 24 are arranged at the rear end of the main spindle 21, and the front end of the main spindle 21 is provided with an A2-6 interface for equipping an 8-inch solid or hollow chuck to clamp a workpiece.

[0026] As shown in Figure 4 The first tool tower assembly 5 comprises a housing 51, a tool disc 52 with a plurality of tools circumferentially distributed, a tool changing driving member 53 and a machining driving member 54 capable of driving the tools to rotate circumferentially. An annular fixed-tooth disc 55 fixed circumferentially to the housing 51 and an annular movable-tooth disc 56 fixed circumferentially to the tool disc 52 and capable of moving axially relative to the tool disc 52 are further arranged in the housing 51. The movable-tooth disc 56, the fixed-tooth disc 55 and the tool disc 52 are coaxially arranged, and the movable-tooth disc 56 is located between the fixed-tooth disc 55 and the tool disc 52. The housing 51 has a combination cavity 57 adjacent to the movable-tooth disc 56 at the end of the movable-tooth disc 56 facing the tool disc 52, and has a separation cavity 58 adjacent to the movable-tooth disc 56 at the end of the movable-tooth disc 56 facing the fixed-tooth disc 55. The tool changing driving member 53 can drive the movable-tooth disc 56 to rotate circumferentially.

[0027] Specifically, a shaft sleeve 59 in the shape of a cylinder is arranged in the housing 51. The outer side of one end of the shaft sleeve 59 close to the tool disc 52 has a protruding annular stopper 591. An annular blocking portion 501 is further fixed axially to the outer side of the shaft sleeve 59. The movable-tooth disc 56 is sleeved outside the shaft sleeve 59 and the blocking portion 501. The inner side of the movable-tooth disc 56 has a protruding annular separation portion 561. The separation portion 561 is located between the stopper 591 and the blocking portion 501, and the separation portion 561 and the stopper 591 and the separation portion 561 and the blocking portion 501 form the combination cavity 57 and the separation cavity 58, respectively. The tool changing driving member 53 drives the shaft sleeve 59 to rotate circumferentially through a gear set, and in turn drives the movable-tooth disc 56 fixed circumferentially to the shaft sleeve 59 to rotate circumferentially. Here, to ensure the sealing, a sealing ring is arranged between the movable-tooth disc 56 and the shaft sleeve 59 and between the movable-tooth disc 56 and the blocking portion 501 to close the combination cavity 57 and the separation cavity 58. The two cavities are communicated to an oil tank through oil supply holes arranged on the shaft sleeve 59 or the movable-tooth disc 56, respectively.

[0028] A transmission shaft 502 in the shape of a round rod is further arranged in the housing 51. The output end of the machining driving member 54 is in transmission connection with one end of the transmission shaft 502 through a synchronous wheel and a synchronous belt 503. The other end of the transmission shaft 502 is in transmission connection with the tools of the tool disc 52 through a bevel gear 504. The movable-tooth disc 56, the fixed-tooth disc 55 and the shaft sleeve 59 are all sleeved outside the transmission shaft 502. In this embodiment, the machining driving member 54 and the tool changing driving member 53 are both motors.

[0029] When the machine tool processes the elongated workpiece, the spindle box assembly 2 and the auxiliary spindle box assembly 3 clamp two ends of the workpiece respectively, then the first tool tower assembly 5 connected to the top of the base 1 is driven to move to the upper side of the workpiece, the second tool tower assembly 6 connected to the side of the base 1 is driven to move to the lower side of the workpiece, and the first tool tower assembly 5 and the second tool tower assembly 6 simultaneously or successively act on the opposite sides of the workpiece to process the workpiece. In this way, the first tool tower assembly 5 and the second tool tower assembly 6 are relatively abutted and act, which not only reduces or even avoids the deformation of the workpiece caused by single-sided processing, but also offsets the small deformation of the workpiece caused by its own gravity, thereby improving the processing accuracy of the workpiece.

[0030] When the first tool tower assembly 5 works, oil is injected into the disengagement cavity 58, the movable gear plate 56 moves axially away from the fixed gear plate 55 under the oil pressure in the disengagement cavity 58, and the tool changer driving part 53 drives the cutter disc 52 to rotate a certain angle in the circumferential direction to change the tool through the movable gear plate 56. After the tool changing is completed, the injection of oil into the disengagement cavity 58 is stopped, and oil is injected into the engagement cavity 57. The movable gear plate 56 moves towards the fixed gear plate 55 and engages with the fixed gear plate 55 under the oil pressure of the oil in the engagement cavity 57. Then the movable gear plate 56 and the cutter disc 52 remain stationary, and the machining driving part 54 drives the cutter to rotate in the circumferential direction to process the workpiece.

[0031] The specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the spirit of the present application. Those skilled in the art of the present application can make various modifications or supplements to the described specific embodiments or replace them with similar ways, but will not deviate from the spirit of the present application or exceed the scope defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A machining tool, comprising a base (1), a spindle box assembly (2) horizontally connected to the base (1), and a sub-spindle box assembly (3), wherein the spindle box assembly (2) and the sub-spindle box assembly (3) are arranged opposite to each other and form a machining position (4) between them, characterized in that, The base (1) is movably connected to the top of a first turret assembly (5), and the base (1) is movably connected to the side facing the machining position (4) of a second turret assembly (6). The first turret assembly (5) and the second turret assembly (6) can move toward the machining position (4) and be positioned on opposite sides of the machining position (4). The first turret assembly (5) includes a housing (51), a cutter head (52) with several cutters distributed circumferentially, a tool changing drive (53), and a machining drive (54) that can drive the cutters to rotate circumferentially. The housing (51) is also provided with a ring-shaped fixed gear disc (55) fixed circumferentially to the housing (51) and a tool changing drive (54) that can drive the cutters to rotate circumferentially. A ring-shaped movable gear disk (56) is fixed circumferentially and can move axially relative to the cutter head (52). The movable gear disk (56), the fixed gear disk (55), and the cutter head (52) are arranged coaxially, and the movable gear disk (56) is located between the fixed gear disk (55) and the cutter head (52). The housing (51) of the movable gear disk (56) facing the cutter head (52) has a mating cavity (57) adjacent to the movable gear disk (56), and the housing (51) of the movable gear disk (56) facing the fixed gear disk (55) has a disengagement cavity (58) adjacent to the movable gear disk (56). The tool changing drive (53) can drive the movable gear disk (56) to rotate circumferentially. The housing (56) 51) A cylindrical bushing (59) is provided inside. The bushing (59) has a protruding annular retaining edge (591) on the outer side of one end near the cutter head (52). An annular blocking part (501) is also axially fixed on the outer side of the bushing (59). The moving gear disc (56) is sleeved on the outer side of the bushing (59) and the blocking part (501). The inner side of the moving gear disc (56) has a protruding annular partition (561). The partition (561) is located between the retaining edge (591) and the blocking part (501), and the partition (561) and the retaining edge (591) and the partition (561) and the blocking part (501) respectively form the above-mentioned... The housing (51) contains a rod-shaped drive shaft (502) with a connecting cavity (57) and a disengaging cavity (58). The output end of the machining drive (54) is connected to one end of the drive shaft (502) via a synchronous pulley and a synchronous belt (503). The other end of the drive shaft (502) is connected to the cutting tool of the cutter head (52) via a bevel gear (504). The moving gear disc (56), the fixed gear disc (55), and the bushing (59) are all sleeved on the outside of the drive shaft (502). The tool changing drive (53) drives the bushing (59) to rotate circumferentially via a gear set, thereby driving the moving gear disc (56) which is circumferentially fixed to the bushing (59) to rotate circumferentially.

2. The machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that, The top surface of the base (1) is a horizontal plane. A first slide (7) is connected to the top surface of the base (1) and the first slide (7) can move closer to or further away from the processing position (4) in the horizontal direction. The first turret assembly (5) is connected to the side of the first slide (7) facing the processing position (4) and the first turret assembly (5) can move up and down relative to the first slide (7).

3. A machine tool according to claim 2, characterized in that, The base (1) is movably connected to a second slide plate, which can move closer to or further away from the processing position (4) in the horizontal direction. The second turret assembly (6) is connected to the second slide plate and can be raised and lowered relative to the second slide plate.

4. A machine tool according to claim 3, characterized in that, The base (1) has a first slide (8) connected to its top surface and the first slide (8) can reciprocate relative to the base (1) along the axial direction of the spindle box assembly (2). The first slide plate (7) is connected to the upper side of the first slide (8). The base (1) has a second slide connected to its side surface and the second slide plate can reciprocate relative to the base (1) along the axial direction of the spindle box assembly (2). The second slide plate is connected to the second slide plate.

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