Dust suppression agent, its preparation method and application

Abstract

The present application belongs to the technical field of dust control, and provides a dust-settling and dust-suppressing agent, a preparation method and application thereof. The water-soluble cellulose and polyvinyl alcohol in the dust-settling and dust-suppressing agent provided by the present application can provide a proper amount of non-bound hydroxyl and carboxyl groups in the system. The presence of these groups can rapidly change the contact angle of dust after the dust-settling and dust-suppressing agent interacts with the dust, thereby improving the wettability of the dust. The coagulant and surface tension regulator in the dust-settling and dust-suppressing agent can accelerate the coagulation of the dust. The surface tension regulator plays an important role in improving the dispersity of the coagulant. In addition, the coagulant and the surface tension regulator can further reduce the Zeta potential between the dust through wet contact, so as to realize the coagulation and then the settlement of the dust. The cohesive component (including the matrix material, the viscosity regulator and the surface tension regulator) of the dust-settling and dust-suppressing agent can be bonded into a film on the surface of the settled dust to inhibit the resuspension of the dust.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of dust control technology, and in particular to a dust suppressant, its preparation method, and its application. Background Technology

[0002] Particulate matter is a major contributor to air pollution, and dust is one of the primary sources of particulate matter pollution. Dust mainly includes construction dust, stockpile dust, road dust, dust from open-pit coal mining, and dust from metal mining areas. Dust levels are closely related to dust moisture content and wind speed; therefore, increasing dust moisture content and blocking wind can effectively control dust. Common dust suppression technologies include building windbreaks, covering with dust nets, using enclosed structures, water spraying, and using chemical dust suppressants. Building windbreaks is costly, has a limited dust suppression range, and poses safety hazards. Covering with dust nets has a small control range, easily causes secondary pollution, and has high labor and costly installation and recycling. Enclosed structures are only suitable for dust suppression under specific environmental conditions and have a narrow application range. Water spraying wastes water resources and has a short effective time. Chemical dust suppressants typically form a relatively stable, solidified layer on the dust surface, providing a longer dust suppression effect and a wide range of applications. However, dust in mining areas, especially in open-pit mines in Northwest China that mainly deal with lignite, has a very small contact angle due to the shallow geological age of the coal, severe surface weathering, and high oil content. Existing chemical dust suppressants are difficult to effectively wet and condense it, resulting in poor dust suppression. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of this, the purpose of this invention is to provide a dust suppressant, its preparation method, and its application. Spraying the dust suppressant provided by this invention can cause carbon-based dust generated in the mining area to settle and prevent the carbon-based dust from being re-erected, thus playing a role in dust suppression.

[0004] To achieve the above-mentioned objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0005] This invention provides a dust suppressant, comprising the following components in parts by weight:

[0006] 100 parts water, 0.1-1 parts matrix material, 0.1-0.6 parts viscosity modifier, 0.2-0.4 parts surface tension modifier, 0.005-0.5 parts coagulant, 0.1-1 parts defoamer, and 0.3-1.5 parts anti-mildew component;

[0007] The matrix material includes polyvinyl alcohol;

[0008] The viscosity modifier includes water-soluble cellulose;

[0009] The surface tension modifier is acrylic acid and / or polyethylene glycol;

[0010] The coagulant includes one or more of the following: acrylate-methyl methacrylate mixture, sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, Span 80, talc, nano calcium carbonate, and nano titanium dioxide.

[0011] Preferably, the polyvinyl alcohol is a mixture of PVA1788 and PVA2488; the mass ratio of PVA1788 to PVA2488 in the mixture is 7:3.

[0012] Preferably, the water-soluble cellulose includes carboxymethyl cellulose and / or carboxyethyl cellulose.

[0013] Preferably, the number-average molecular weight of the water-soluble cellulose is 200,000 to 300,000.

[0014] Preferably, the mass ratio of acrylic acid to methyl methacrylate in the acrylic acid-methyl methacrylate mixture is 1:1 to 1:4.

[0015] Preferably, the defoamer includes one or more of potassium sorbate, tributyl phosphate, castor oil, silicone oil, trioctyl phosphate, and diethylenetriamine oleate.

[0016] Preferably, the anti-mildew component is an aqueous solution of ethylene oxide or nano-silver.

[0017] The present invention also provides a method for preparing the dust suppressant described in the above technical solution, comprising the following steps:

[0018] The matrix material, viscosity modifier, 1 / 3 of the total mass of defoamer, surface tension modifier, 1 / 6 of the total mass of defoamer, coagulant, 1 / 2 of the total mass of defoamer and anti-mildew component are added to water in sequence and allowed to stand to obtain the dust suppressant.

[0019] The present invention also provides the application of the dust suppressant or dust removal agent described in the above technical solution or the dust suppressant or dust removal agent prepared by the above technical solution in dust in mining areas.

[0020] Preferably, the method of use includes spraying or misting the dust suppressant.

[0021] This invention provides a dust suppressant comprising the following components in parts by weight: 100 parts water, 0.1-1 parts matrix material, 0.1-0.6 parts viscosity modifier, 0.2-0.4 parts surface tension modifier, 0.005-0.5 parts coagulant, 0.1-1 parts defoamer, and 0.3-1.5 parts anti-mildew component; wherein the matrix material comprises polyvinyl alcohol; the viscosity modifier comprises water-soluble cellulose; the surface tension modifier is acrylic acid and / or polyethylene glycol; and the coagulant comprises one or more of the following: acrylate-methyl methacrylate mixture, sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, Span 80, talc, nano-calcium carbonate, and nano-titanium dioxide.

[0022] The viscosity modifier water-soluble cellulose and the matrix material polyvinyl alcohol in the dust suppressant of this invention can provide appropriate amounts of unbound hydroxyl and carboxyl groups in the system. The dispersion of these groups allows the dust suppressant to rapidly change the contact angle of the dust after it comes into contact with the dust, thereby improving the wettability of the dust. The coagulant and surface tension modifier in the dust suppressant can accelerate the agglomeration of dust. The surface tension modifier plays an important role in improving the dispersion of the coagulant. In addition, the coagulant and surface tension modifier can further reduce the Zeta potential between dust particles through wetting contact, realizing dust agglomeration and subsequent settling. During the dehydration process, the binding components of the dust suppressant (including the matrix material, viscosity modifier, and surface tension modifier) ​​can adhere to the surface of the settled dust to form a film, inhibiting dust resuspension and simultaneously agglomerating the dust particles for dust suppression. The dust suppressant provided by this invention combines dust suppression and surface dust suppression effects. It achieves a dust suppression efficiency of over 85% for persistent respirable dust and over 87% for total dust. For respirable dust generated during construction operations, the optimal dust suppression efficiency is over 88%, and the optimal total dust suppression efficiency is over 90%. For static film-forming dust suppression of material piles, it can achieve film curing at temperatures from 5°C to 65°C, with a material wind erosion rate of <0.4%. The dust suppressant can be reused multiple times in the same environment, with a cured layer thickness of 0.3mm to 13mm. The dust suppressant provided by this invention has a moisture-absorbing and moisture-retaining effect on ground dust and accumulated powder, inhibiting dust particle resuspension. Under conditions of RH <35%, natural light, and a calm wind frequency of less than 20%, it achieves a dust resuspension inhibition rate of over 95% after 50 days. While similar cellulose dust suppression systems exist in existing practices, they differ from the dust suppressant of this invention. These similar cellulose dust suppression systems suffer from problems such as large dosage of dust suppressant and significant environmental cumulative effects when used for dust suppression of high-oil-content lignite and weathered coal in Northwest China. Furthermore, similar cellulose dust suppression systems are affected by the component ratio, resulting in excessive colloidal thixotropy, high shear stress, and excessive energy consumption during the production process. This invention specifically avoids this type of problem.

[0023] Furthermore, existing chemical dust suppressants often contain strong additives such as chlorine, benzene ring compounds (e.g., styrene), and heavy metal salts to achieve efficient wetting of carbon-based dust. While these additives increase the wettability of the dust suppressant to carbon-based dust, the resulting chemical dust suppressant composition is unstable and may release harmful components during use or settle on the ground, causing continuous harm to the human respiratory system and soil. The dust suppressant provided by this invention does not contain chlorine, heavy metal components, or recalcitrant chemical structures, making it green and environmentally friendly.

[0024] The present invention also provides a method for preparing the dust suppressant described in the above technical solution. The preparation method provided by the present invention achieves thorough mixing of materials and has the advantages of simple operation and low energy consumption.

[0025] The present invention also provides the application of the dust suppressant described in the above technical solution in dust control in mining areas. Detailed Implementation

[0026] This invention provides a dust suppressant, comprising the following components in parts by weight:

[0027] 100 parts water, 0.1-1 parts matrix material, 0.1-0.6 parts viscosity modifier, 0.2-0.4 parts surface tension modifier, 0.005-0.5 parts coagulant, 0.1-1 parts defoamer, and 0.3-1.5 parts anti-mildew component;

[0028] The matrix material includes polyvinyl alcohol;

[0029] The viscosity modifier includes water-soluble cellulose;

[0030] The surface tension modifier is acrylic acid and / or polyethylene glycol;

[0031] The coagulant includes one or more of the following: acrylate-methyl methacrylate mixture, sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, Span 80, talc, nano calcium carbonate, and nano titanium dioxide.

[0032] In this invention, unless otherwise specified, all raw materials used are preferably commercially available products.

[0033] The dust suppressant provided by the present invention comprises 100 parts by weight of water, wherein the water preferably comprises deionized water.

[0034] Based on the weight percentage of water, the dust suppressant provided by this invention comprises 0.1 to 1 part by weight of a matrix material, preferably 0.2 to 0.4 parts by weight. In this invention, the matrix material comprises polyvinyl alcohol; the polyvinyl alcohol is preferably a mixture of PVA1788 and PVA2488; the mass ratio of PVA1788 to PVA2488 in the PVA1788 and PVA2488 mixture is preferably 7:3. In this invention, the polyvinyl alcohol matrix material provides sufficient dispersion system support for the dust suppressant, and simultaneously provides the dust suppressant with sufficient hydroxyl and carboxyl groups. The presence of carboxyl and hydroxyl groups allows the dust suppressant to better penetrate and bind with dust, changing the contact angle of the dust, thereby improving the wettability of the dust.

[0035] Based on the weight parts of water, the dust suppressant provided by this invention includes 0.1 to 0.6 parts by weight of a viscosity modifier, preferably 0.1 to 0.3 parts by weight, and more preferably 0.15 to 0.25 parts by weight. In this invention, the viscosity modifier includes water-soluble cellulose; the water-soluble cellulose preferably includes carboxymethyl cellulose and / or carboxyethyl cellulose; the number average molecular weight of the water-soluble cellulose is preferably 200,000 to 300,000. In this invention, the water-soluble cellulose viscosity modifier exists in the form of long-chain cellulose in aqueous solution, providing affinity groups for the dust suppressant to contact with dust particles, enabling the dust suppressant to better wet and bind with various types of dust, changing the contact angle of the dust, and thus improving the wettability of the dust.

[0036] Based on the weight percentage of water, the dust suppressant provided by this invention includes 0.2 to 0.4 parts by weight of a surface tension modifier, preferably 0.2 to 0.3 parts by weight. In this invention, the surface tension modifier is acrylic acid and / or polyethylene glycol. In this invention, the surface tension modifier plays a certain role in accelerating coagulation and also plays an important role in improving the dispersibility of the coagulant.

[0037] Based on the weight parts of water, the dust suppressant provided by this invention includes 0.005 to 0.5 parts by weight of a coagulant, preferably 0.05 to 0.25 parts by weight, and more preferably 0.1 to 0.2 parts by weight. In this invention, the coagulant includes one or more of the following: an acrylic acid-methyl methacrylate mixture, sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, Span 80, talc, nano-calcium carbonate, and nano-titanium dioxide, preferably one or more of the acrylic acid-methyl methacrylate mixture and talc. In this invention, the mass ratio of acrylic acid to methyl methacrylate in the acrylic acid-methyl methacrylate mixture is preferably 1:1 to 1:4, and more preferably 1:3. In this invention, the presence of the coagulant accelerates the agglomeration of dust.

[0038] Based on the weight parts of water, the dust suppressant provided by the present invention includes 0.1 to 1 part by weight of defoamer, preferably 0.1 to 0.3 parts by weight. In the present invention, the defoamer preferably includes one or more of potassium sorbate, tributyl phosphate, castor oil, silicone oil, trioctyl phosphate, and diethylenetriamine oleate.

[0039] Based on the weight parts of water, the dust suppressant provided by this invention includes 0.3 to 1.5 parts by weight of an anti-mildew component, preferably 0.3 to 0.5 parts by weight. In this invention, the anti-mildew component is preferably an aqueous solution of ethylene oxide or nano-silver, more preferably nano-silver. In this invention, the concentration of the aqueous solution of ethylene oxide is preferably an aqueous solution with a molar ratio of 1:200.

[0040] The present invention also provides a method for preparing the dust suppressant described in the above technical solution, comprising the following steps:

[0041] The matrix material, viscosity modifier, 1 / 3 of the total mass of defoamer, surface tension modifier, 1 / 6 of the total mass of defoamer, coagulant, 1 / 2 of the total mass of defoamer and anti-mildew component are added to water in sequence and allowed to stand to obtain the dust suppressant.

[0042] In this invention, the initial temperature of the water is preferably room temperature, and more preferably 22-28°C.

[0043] In this invention, the preferred temperature for adding the matrix material is 38–40°C. In this invention, the matrix material is preferably added to water within 0.5 hours. In this invention, after adding the matrix material, the process preferably includes: raising the temperature to a first temperature for a first holding period, and then raising the temperature to a second temperature for a second holding period. In this invention, the preferred first temperature is 65°C, and the preferred holding period is 1.5–4 hours, preferably performed under stirring conditions; the preferred second temperature is 70°C, and the preferred holding period is 2 hours; the preferred second holding period is preferably performed under static conditions.

[0044] In this invention, the addition temperature of the viscosity modifier is preferably 22-35°C; after the viscosity modifier is added, it is preferable to perform a third heat preservation, the third heat preservation time is preferably ≥0.5h, and the third heat preservation is preferably performed under stirring conditions.

[0045] In this invention, the addition temperature of the defoamer, which accounts for 1 / 3 of the total mass, is preferably 35-45°C; after the addition of the defoamer, it is preferable to perform a fourth heat preservation, the time of which is preferably ≥0.2h, and the fourth heat preservation is preferably performed under stirring conditions.

[0046] In this invention, the surface tension modifier is preferably added at a temperature of 22-35°C. After the surface tension modifier is added, a fifth heat preservation is preferably performed. The fifth heat preservation time is preferably ≥0.2h. The fifth heat preservation is preferably performed under stirring conditions.

[0047] In this invention, the addition temperature of the defoamer, which accounts for 1 / 6 of the total mass, is preferably 22-45°C. After the defoamer is added, a sixth heat preservation is preferably performed. The time of the sixth heat preservation is preferably ≥0.2h, and the sixth heat preservation is preferably performed under stirring conditions.

[0048] In this invention, the addition temperature of the coagulant is preferably 40-50°C. After the coagulant is added, a seventh heat preservation is preferably performed. The duration of the seventh heat preservation is preferably ≥0.2h, and the seventh heat preservation is preferably performed under stirring conditions.

[0049] In this invention, the addition temperature of the defoamer, which is 1 / 2 of the total mass, is preferably controlled at 22-38°C during the mixing stage; after the addition of the defoamer, it is preferable to further perform an eighth heat preservation, the time of which is preferably ≥0.2h, and the eighth heat preservation is preferably performed under stirring conditions.

[0050] In this invention, the addition temperature of the anti-mildew component is preferably 20-35°C. After the anti-mildew component is added, it is preferable to further perform a ninth heat preservation, the time of which is preferably ≥0.2h, and the ninth heat preservation is preferably performed under stirring conditions.

[0051] In this invention, the preferred temperature for settling is room temperature, and more preferably 16-18°C; the preferred settling time is 6-8 hours.

[0052] In this invention, the preparation method of the dust suppressant is preferably carried out in a constant-temperature reactor. In this invention, the linear velocity of the end of the stirring paddle in the preparation method of the dust suppressant is preferably 3-8 m / s, more preferably 4.5-6.7 m / s.

[0053] In this invention, the outflow time of the DIN4 viscosity cup (outflow cup) in each stage of the preparation method of the dust suppressant is preferably controlled to be 20-68s to alleviate the thixotropic changes and shear stress changes of the mixed system.

[0054] In this invention, the obtained dust suppressant is preferably sealed for later use.

[0055] The preparation method provided by this invention can achieve thorough mixing of materials; at the same time, the order of material addition improves mixing efficiency, saves mixing time, and increases the average contact concentration difference of components. Furthermore, the preparation method provided by this invention consumes less power and time, is energy-saving and environmentally friendly, and is simple to operate.

[0056] The present invention also provides the application of the dust suppressant or dust removal agent described in the above technical solution or the dust suppressant or dust removal agent prepared by the above technical solution in dust in mining areas.

[0057] In this invention, the dust from the mining area is preferably dust from the Northwest lignite mining area. Furthermore, the dust from the Northwest lignite mining area is preferably carbon-based dust.

[0058] The dust suppressant of this invention has excellent dust suppression effects, especially for dust in mining areas, and also has a good dust suppression effect for ordinary road dust.

[0059] In this invention, when the dust suppressant is applied to dust in mining areas, the preferred method of use includes spraying or misting the dust suppressant.

[0060] In this invention, the spray volume is positively correlated with the dust intensity, and preferably the spray particle size is controlled to be 70-140 μm and the droplets should be greater than 65%.

[0061] In this invention, for persistent suspended dust, an overhead spray dust suppressant or a mist cannon spray dust suppressant is preferably used. In this invention, the overhead spray dust suppressant or the mist cannon spray dust suppressant can achieve dust suppression, and at the same time, the dust suppressant can adhere to the settled dust without causing resuspension.

[0062] In this invention, for the dust generated during mining, loading, and engineering construction operations, it is preferable to use combined aerosol cannons to suppress dust from multiple angles or to arrange dust suppression aerosol curtains to prevent dust from escaping.

[0063] In this invention, for dust in the stockpile that is susceptible to wind erosion and wind-resuspended dust, a concentration of 1–5 L / m³ is used. 2 The material is sprayed evenly onto the surface of the stockpile. After drying, it forms an adhesive shell that inhibits resuspension. The stability of the adhesive shell is greater than 60 days.

[0064] In this invention, the dust suppression effect testing method of the dust reducing agent preferably includes the following steps:

[0065] Under the same testing conditions and environment, the initial respirable dust concentration was A0, mg / m³. 3 After dust suppression treatment with dust-suppressing agents, the dust concentration was A1, mg / m³. 3 The dust suppression effect of the dust suppressant on respirable dust is Ra; the original total dust concentration is B0, mg / m³. 3After dust suppression treatment with dust-reducing and dust-suppressing agents, the dust concentration was B1, mg / m³. 3 If the dust suppression effect of the dust suppressant is Rb, then:

[0066] Ra = (A0 - A1) / A0;

[0067] Rb = (B0 - B1) / B0.

[0068] The following detailed description of the dust suppressant, its preparation method, and its application provided by the present invention, with reference to specific embodiments, should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0069] Example 1

[0070] Take 10L (10000g) of water, add it to a constant temperature reactor, and heat the water to 40℃ with stirring.

[0071] Take 25g of a mixture of PVA1788 and PVA2488 with a mass ratio of 7:3, and gradually add it to a constant temperature reactor over 0.5h. Heat the oil bath to 60℃, stir for 3.5h, heat to 70℃, and let stand for 2h.

[0072] Take 15g of carboxyethyl cellulose (number average molecular weight of 250,000) and put it into a constant temperature reactor at 25℃. Stir continuously for 35 minutes according to the temperature control until it is evenly mixed.

[0073] Take 4g of tributyl phosphate and 2g of castor oil as defoamers, mix them, add them to a constant temperature reactor at 35℃, and stir for 15 minutes.

[0074] Take 13g of acrylic acid and 8g of polyethylene glycol, add them step by step to a constant temperature reactor at 35℃, and mix and stir for 25 minutes until the mixture is uniform.

[0075] Take 2g of tributyl phosphate and 1g of castor oil as defoamer, mix them, add them to a constant temperature reactor at 35℃, and stir for 15min.

[0076] Take 5g of talc powder and 4g of acrylic acid-methyl methacrylate mixture (the mass ratio of acrylic acid and methyl methacrylate is 1:3), add them to a constant temperature reactor at 48℃, and stir for 20 minutes until they are evenly mixed.

[0077] Take 6g of tributyl phosphate and 3g of castor oil as defoamers, mix them, add them to a constant temperature reactor at 35℃, and stir for 20 minutes.

[0078] Take 50g of ethylene oxide solution with a molar ratio of 1:200, slowly add it to the constant temperature reactor at a mixture temperature of 28℃, and stir in a sealed container for 16 minutes until the mixture is homogeneous.

[0079] After letting it stand overnight, it can be sealed and used later.

[0080] Suspended dust test of dust suppressant

[0081] The dust generation concentration in the standard dust generation chamber is 2500 mg / m³. 3 For carbon-based dust, after the dust concentration stabilizes, monitor the total dust concentration and the concentration of inhalable dust, denoted as A0 and B0.

[0082] The dust suppressant was blown into the spraying area at a uniform wind speed of 3 m / s, and sprayed from the top at a spraying intensity of 0.5 L / (h·m). 2 The water mist settles naturally. The dust concentration at the outlet is measured and recorded as A1 and B1, and the dust suppression efficiency is calculated.

[0083] Monitoring showed that B0 was 2458 mg / m³. 3 A0 is 375 mg / m³ 3 B1 is 188 mg / m² 3 A1 is 34 mg / m² 3 The total dust suppression rate Rb was 92.35%, and the respirable dust suppression rate Ra was 90.93%.

[0084] Under natural conditions, in a closed area (where the impact of external dust is minimal and can be ignored), lignite is piled into two conical heaps, each 1m in diameter and 0.5m high, arranged side by side. Water is sprayed onto the surface of the left heap at a rate of 2L / m². 2 Then, a blower was used to blow air from the right side of the pile to the left side at a wind speed of 4 m / s at a distance of 2 m. The dust concentration was measured at a distance of 3 m downwind on the left side. Dust suppressant was sprayed on the surface of the pile on the right side at a rate of 2 L / m². 2 A blower was placed on the left side, continuously blowing air at a speed of 4 m / s at a distance of 2 m, and the dust concentration was measured at a distance of 3 m downwind. Measurements were taken continuously for 50 days, during which the wind erosion rate of the left-side pile (water-based dust suppression) was 2%, and the average total dust concentration was 145 μg / m³. 3 The wind erosion rate on the right side is 0.31%, and the average total dust concentration is 22 μg / m³. 3 .

[0085] Example 2

[0086] Take 10L (10000g) of water, add it to a constant temperature reactor, and heat the water to 40℃ with stirring.

[0087] Take 20g of a mixture of PVA1788 and PVA2488 with a mass ratio of 7:3, and gradually add it to a constant temperature reactor over 0.5h. Heat the oil bath to 60℃, stir for 3.5h, heat to 70℃ and let stand for 1.5h.

[0088] Take 15g of carboxymethyl cellulose (number average molecular weight of 250,000), add it to a constant temperature reactor at 28℃, and stir continuously for 36 minutes according to the temperature control until it is evenly mixed.

[0089] Take 4g of tributyl phosphate and 2g of potassium sorbate as defoamers, mix them, add them to a constant temperature reactor at 35℃, and stir for 16 minutes.

[0090] Take 38g of polyethylene glycol and add it to a constant temperature reactor at a system temperature of 35℃. Stir for 30 minutes until the mixture is homogeneous.

[0091] Take 2g of tributyl phosphate and 1g of potassium sorbate as defoamers, mix them, add them to a constant temperature reactor at 35℃, and stir for 16 minutes.

[0092] Take 8g of sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate and 4g of acrylic acid-methyl methacrylate mixture (the mass ratio of acrylic acid and methyl methacrylate is 1:3), add them to a constant temperature reactor at 40℃, and stir for 20min.

[0093] Take 6g of tributyl phosphate and 3g of potassium sorbate as defoamers, mix them, add them to a constant temperature reactor at 30℃, and stir for 23 minutes until the mixture is uniform.

[0094] Take 50g of ethylene oxide solution with a molar ratio of 1:200, slowly add it to the constant temperature reactor at a mixture temperature of 28℃, and stir in a sealed container for 25 minutes until the mixture is homogeneous.

[0095] After letting it stand overnight, it can be sealed and used later.

[0096] Suspended dust test of dust suppressant

[0097] The dust generation concentration in the standard dust generation chamber is 2500 mg / m³. 3 Carbon-based dust was collected, and after the dust concentration stabilized, the total dust concentration and the concentration of inhalable dust were monitored and denoted as A0 and B0, respectively. The dust suppressant was sprayed uniformly into the spraying area at a wind speed of 3 m / s, with the dust suppressant sprayed from the top at a spray intensity of 0.5 L / (h·m). 2 The water mist settles naturally. Dust concentrations at the outlet are measured and recorded as A1 and B1, and the dust suppression efficiency is calculated. Monitoring showed that B0 was 2533 mg / m³. 3 A0 is 425 mg / m³ 3 B1 was 213 mg / m² 3 A1 is 45 mg / m² 3 The total dust suppression rate Rb was 91.59%, and the respirable dust suppression rate Ra was 89.41%.

[0098] Under natural conditions, in a closed area (where the impact of external dust is minimal and can be ignored), lignite is piled into two conical heaps, each 1m in diameter and 0.5m high, arranged side by side. Water is sprayed onto the surface of the left heap at a rate of 2.5L / m². 2Then, a blower was used to blow air from the right side of the pile to the left side at a wind speed of 4 m / s at a distance of 2 m. The dust concentration was measured at a distance of 3 m downwind on the left side. Dust suppressant was sprayed on the surface of the right side of the pile at a rate of 2.5 L / m². 2 A blower was placed on the left side, continuously blowing air at a speed of 4 m / s at a distance of 2 m, and the dust concentration was measured at a distance of 3 m downwind. Measurements were taken continuously for 50 days. The wind erosion rate of the left-side pile (water-based dust suppression) was 2.5%, and the average dust concentration was 163 μg / m³. 3 The wind erosion rate on the right side is 0.33%, and the average total dust concentration is 24 μg / m³. 3 .

[0099] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A dust suppressant, characterized in that, The components include the following parts by weight: 100 parts water, 0.1-1 parts matrix material, 0.1-0.6 parts viscosity modifier, 0.1-1 parts defoamer, and 0.3-1.5 parts anti-mildew component; The matrix material includes polyvinyl alcohol; the polyvinyl alcohol is a mixture of PVA1788 and PVA2488; the mass ratio of PVA1788 to PVA2488 in the mixture of PVA1788 and PVA2488 is 7:3; The viscosity modifier includes water-soluble cellulose; It also includes surface tension modifiers and coagulants; The surface tension modifier is a mixture of acrylic acid and polyethylene glycol, wherein the surface tension modifier comprises 0.21 parts by weight, and the acrylic acid and polyethylene glycol mixture comprises 0.13 parts by weight and 0.08 parts by weight. The coagulant is a mixture of acrylate-methyl methacrylate blend and talc, with a weight percentage of 0.09 parts; in the mixture of acrylate-methyl methacrylate blend and talc, the weight percentage of acrylate-methyl methacrylate blend is 0.04 parts and the weight percentage of talc is 0.05 parts; the mass ratio of acrylic acid to methyl methacrylate in the acrylate-methyl methacrylate blend is 1:

3.

2. A dust suppressant, characterized in that, The components include the following parts by weight: 100 parts water, 0.1-1 parts matrix material, 0.1-0.6 parts viscosity modifier, 0.1-1 parts defoamer, and 0.3-1.5 parts anti-mildew component; The matrix material includes polyvinyl alcohol; the polyvinyl alcohol is a mixture of PVA1788 and PVA2488; the mass ratio of PVA1788 to PVA2488 in the mixture of PVA1788 and PVA2488 is 7:3; The viscosity modifier includes water-soluble cellulose; It also includes surface tension modifiers and coagulants; The surface tension modifier is polyethylene glycol, and the surface tension modifier is 0.38 parts by weight. The coagulant is a mixture of acrylate-methyl methacrylate blend and sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate, with a weight percentage of 0.12 parts; the acrylate-methyl methacrylate blend and sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate mixture contains 0.04 parts by weight and 0.08 parts by weight; the mass ratio of acrylic acid to methyl methacrylate in the acrylate-methyl methacrylate blend is 1:

3.

3. The dust suppressant according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The water-soluble cellulose includes carboxymethyl cellulose and / or carboxyethyl cellulose.

4. The dust suppressant according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The number average molecular weight of the water-soluble cellulose is 200,000 to 300,000.

5. The dust suppressant according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The defoamer includes one or more of potassium sorbate, tributyl phosphate, castor oil, silicone oil, trioctyl phosphate, and diethylenetriamine oleoyl phosphate.

6. The dust suppressant according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The anti-mildew component is an aqueous solution of ethylene oxide or nano-silver.

7. The method for preparing the dust suppressant according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: The matrix material, viscosity modifier, 1 / 3 of the total mass of defoamer, surface tension modifier, 1 / 6 of the total mass of defoamer, coagulant, 1 / 2 of the total mass of defoamer and anti-mildew component are added to water in sequence and allowed to stand to obtain the dust suppressant.

8. The application of the dust suppressant according to any one of claims 1 to 6 or the dust suppressant obtained by the preparation method according to claim 7 in dust control in mining areas.

9. The application according to claim 8, characterized in that, The method of use includes spraying or misting the dust suppressant.