A flood discharge, release and diversion combined hydraulic structure and construction method

Abstract

The application provides a hydraulic structure structure of flood discharge, discharge and diversion, comprising a vertical shaft type spillway tunnel, a diversion tunnel communicated with the vertical shaft type spillway tunnel is arranged on one side of the vertical shaft type spillway tunnel, a water retreating tunnel connected with the vertical shaft section and the stilling basin section in the vertical shaft type spillway tunnel respectively is arranged in the vertical shaft type spillway tunnel, the tunnel body part of the diversion tunnel comprises a connecting section intersected with the water retreating tunnel, so that the diversion tunnel can share the water retreating tunnel tunnel section intersected through the connecting section with the vertical shaft type spillway tunnel; a water discharge pipe is arranged at the bottom of the water retreating tunnel, so that the water discharge pipe and the vertical shaft type spillway tunnel are arranged in a compact mode. The vertical shaft type spillway tunnel, the water discharge pipe and the diversion tunnel are combined, the tunnel body part of the diversion tunnel is combined with the water retreating tunnel of the vertical shaft type spillway tunnel, so that the construction period diversion requirement is met, and the reservoir emptying and flood regulation requirement in the operation period is met.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of water conservancy and hydropower engineering, in particular to a water conservancy structure and construction method for flood discharge, release and diversion. BACKGROUND

[0002] For most pumped storage lower reservoirs and conventional reservoirs, it is necessary to simultaneously arrange a discharge structure, a emptying structure and a diversion structure. The spillway, as the most common discharge structure, is usually arranged near the bank of the dam, the top elevation of the overflow weir is consistent with the normal water level, the gate is cancelled, and the operation is convenient and simple; the emptying structure is usually an emptying hole or an emptying pipe, the inlet thereof is lower than the dead water level, which is beneficial to the inspection of the emptying reservoir and the advance pre-discharge of the reservoir capacity, and the conventional reservoir flood discharge mode adopts the overflow weir + emptying structure for joint flood discharge; and the diversion tunnel is the most common diversion structure, which is usually arranged near the bank of the dam and is used as a temporary structure for diversion during the construction period.

[0003] However, in the actual operation of the reservoir, the utilization rate of the spillway is not high, and the diversion tunnel will be rebuilt as a diversion and discharge tunnel in the later period. If the discharge structure, the emptying structure and the diversion structure are arranged separately, although they do not interfere with each other, the engineering investment is large, and the safety risk of the tunnel section with poor geology is great. SUMMARY

[0004] The first object of the present application is to provide a diversion and discharge structure which can meet the diversion requirements during the construction period and also meet the flood regulation and reservoir emptying requirements during the operation period. To this end, the present application adopts the following technical solutions:

[0005] The water conservancy structure and construction method for flood discharge, release and diversion, comprising a vertical shaft type spillway tunnel, a diversion tunnel connected with the vertical shaft type spillway tunnel on one side, a water retreating tunnel connected with the vertical shaft section and the stilling basin section in the vertical shaft type spillway tunnel, a connection section connected with the water retreating tunnel, a water outlet pipe arranged at the bottom of the water retreating tunnel, and a closed section formed by the connection section of the diversion tunnel during the operation of the reservoir.

[0006] Further, the vertical shaft section of the vertical shaft type spillway tunnel is connected with an overflow weir and an energy dissipation well section, and the foundation of the overflow weir is located on the bedrock.

[0007] Further, a pressure slope section is arranged between the shaft section and the water release tunnel, and a vent hole is arranged inside the wall of the shaft section and the pressure slope section, the vent hole has a first end arranged at the connection part of the pressure slope section and the water release tunnel, and has a second end arranged at the top of the overflow weir.

[0008] Further, the end of the tunnel body part of the diversion tunnel is arranged with an inlet section, the tunnel body part comprises a front tunnel body section and an emergency gate shaft section which are communicated with each other, and the emergency gate shaft section is arranged in communication with the connection section.

[0009] Further, the intermediate section arranged in the mountain is arranged between the water inlet part and the water outlet part of the water release pipe, and is arranged below the bottom plate of the water release tunnel.

[0010] Further, the valve chamber comprises an outlet cone valve connected with the water outlet part of the water release pipe, and an energy dissipater is arranged immediately downstream of the outlet cone valve.

[0011] The second object of the present application is to provide a construction method for corresponding construction in different periods of a reservoir.

[0012] The construction method of a hydraulic structure for flood discharge, release and diversion is as follows:

[0013] Firstly, according to the arrangement of the preset reservoir, the arrangement positions of the shaft type spillway tunnel and the diversion tunnel in the mountain and the intersection position are determined, and the water outlet part of the air release pipe and the position of the connection point of the air release pipe and the water release tunnel are determined.

[0014] Since the water release tunnel of the shaft type spillway tunnel and the diversion tunnel are arranged in combination, the water release tunnel section (including the water release pipe at the bottom) of the diversion tunnel and the stilling basin section at the outlet position of the water release tunnel need to be constructed before the cutoff.

[0015] Secondly, before the reservoir is impounded, the construction of the overflow weir, the shaft section and the energy dissipater section of the shaft type spillway tunnel is completed, and the pressure slope section and the tunnel section upstream of the intersection position of the diversion tunnel and the water release tunnel of the shaft type spillway tunnel are constructed and processed.

[0016] After the reservoir is impounded, the closed section is arranged in the connection section, the water release pipe is connected to the upstream side of the valve chamber, and the construction of the remaining tunnel section downstream of the water release pipe and the energy dissipater and the outlet cone valve is completed.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following beneficial effects:

[0018] This invention integrates a vertical spillway, a discharge pipe, and a diversion tunnel into a single structure. The diversion tunnel utilizes the drainage tunnel of the vertical spillway, thus meeting both the diversion needs during construction and the flood control and reservoir emptying needs during operation. Furthermore, compared to the traditional separate arrangement of spillways, diversion tunnels, and discharge tunnels on the riverbank, this integrated structure reduces tunnel length, resulting in a more compact layout and easier operation and scheduling. It also significantly reduces the amount of engineering work and construction effort, saving on project investment. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a planar structural layout diagram of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the vertical shaft spillway of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the diversion tunnel of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 3 Cross-sectional view at point AA;

[0023] Figure 5 For the present invention Figure 3 Cross-sectional view at point BB in the middle;

[0024] Figure 6 For the present invention Figure 3 Cross-sectional view at point CC.

[0025] The markings in the attached diagram are as follows: 1. Overflow weir, 2. Shaft section, 3. Energy dissipation well section, 4. Vent hole, 5. Slope section, 6. Drainage tunnel, 7. Stilling basin section, 8. Water discharge pipe, 9. Inlet section, 10. Well front tunnel section, 11. Emergency gate section, 12. Connecting section, 13. Outlet cone valve, 14. Energy dissipation device. Detailed Implementation

[0026] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, but this should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0027] like Figures 1-6As shown, a hydraulic structure integrating flood discharge, drainage, and diversion includes a vertical shaft spillway and a diversion tunnel connected to it on one side. A drainage tunnel 6 is provided inside the vertical shaft spillway, with its two ends connected to the internal vertical shaft section 2 and stilling basin section 7, respectively. The diversion tunnel includes a connecting section 12 that intersects with the drainage tunnel 6, allowing the diversion tunnel to share the drainage tunnel 6 section after the intersection with the vertical shaft spillway via the connecting section 12. A discharge pipe 8 is provided at the bottom of the drainage tunnel 6, so that the discharge pipe 8 and the vertical shaft spillway are arranged in a compact manner. The connecting section 12 of the diversion tunnel is sealed during reservoir operation, forming a closed section. The inlet of the discharge pipe 8 is located within the closed section and communicates with the interior of the diversion tunnel. The outlet of the discharge pipe 8 is connected to valve chambers spaced apart from the stilling basin section 7.

[0028] The diversion and discharge structure of this embodiment combines the vertical shaft spillway, the discharge pipe 8, and the diversion tunnel into one, so that the diversion tunnel can be put into use in the early stage of reservoir construction; after the project is completed and the reservoir is put into operation, the vertical shaft spillway and the discharge pipe 8 can be put into use; thus making full use of the drainage tunnel 6 before and after the project is completed.

[0029] In this embodiment, the cross-section of the drainage tunnel section 6 connecting the vertical shaft section 2 and the stilling basin section 7 is in the shape of a city gate; while the stilling basin section 7 is the outlet of the drainage tunnel 6.

[0030] like Figures 1-2 As shown, specifically, the vertical shaft section 2 of the vertical shaft spillway is connected to an overflow weir 1 and an energy dissipation section 3 at its upper and lower parts, respectively, with the foundation of the overflow weir 1 resting relatively intact on the bedrock, and its outer sidewalls being a vertical structure. In this embodiment, the overflow weir 1 is an annular weir; while the energy dissipation section 3 is located at the bottom of the vertical shaft section 2, and its foundation rests on a weakly or slightly weathered layer.

[0031] Among them, a slope section 5 is set up to connect the vertical shaft section 2 and the drainage tunnel 6, and a ventilation hole 4 is set inside the wall of the vertical shaft section 2 and the slope section 5. The ventilation hole 4 has a first end set at the connection part of the slope section 5 and the drainage tunnel 6, and a second end set at the top of the overflow weir 1. The ventilation hole 4 is set inside the wall of the slope section 5 and the drainage tunnel 6 according to its position, and forms gas circulation inside and outside the tunnel through the first end and the second end.

[0032] like Figure 1 , 3 As shown, specifically, an inlet section 9 is provided at the end of the diversion tunnel. The tunnel section includes an interconnected pre-shaft tunnel section 10 and an emergency gate section 11, with the emergency gate section 11 connected to a connecting section 12. This allows the diversion tunnel to connect smoothly through the inlet section 9 to the pre-shaft tunnel section 10, the emergency gate section 11, and the connecting section 12, before merging into the drainage tunnel 6 of the vertical shaft spillway.

[0033] Among them, the inlet section 9 is located on the bank near the ring weir 1 of the inlet section of the vertical shaft spillway, and the distance between the inlet section 9 and the ring weir 1 should be as far as possible to ensure the safety of the structure.

[0034] like Figures 1-6 As shown, specifically, an intermediate section is provided between the inlet and outlet of the water pipe 8, which is located inside the mountain. The intermediate section is located under the bottom slab of the drainage tunnel 6.

[0035] In this embodiment, firstly, after the diversion tunnel intersects and connects with the drainage tunnel 6, the diversion tunnel and the vertical shaft spillway share the drainage tunnel 6 section after the intersection; secondly, the discharge pipe 8 is also arranged to intersect and intersect with the drainage tunnel 6 of the vertical shaft spillway; thus, the overall structure of the diversion and discharge structure can be arranged more compactly in the mountain and the operation and scheduling can be more convenient.

[0036] like Figure 1 As shown, the front section of the drain pipe 8 is placed inside the hole of the connecting section 12, and a steel pipe is buried inside the sealing body of the connecting section 12 as the inlet of the drain pipe 8 (e.g. Figure 3 , 5 (as shown); after the drainage tunnel 6 is connected to the vertical shaft spillway, the middle section of the discharge pipe 8 is buried in the lower part of the tunnel floor of the drainage tunnel 6 (as shown). Figure 3 , 6 (As shown); When approaching the stilling basin section 7, the drain pipe 8 extends from the lower part of the drainage tunnel 6, forming an intersection with the drainage tunnel 6. After extending, the drain pipe 8 section is located on the right side of the drainage tunnel 6 and is independently arranged within the mountain (as shown). Figure 1 , 3 (As shown).

[0037] like Figure 1 , 3 As shown, specifically, the valve chamber includes an outlet cone valve 13 connected to the outlet portion of the drain pipe 8, and an energy dissipator 14 is installed immediately downstream of the outlet cone valve 13. The valve chamber is located on the right side of the stilling basin section 7.

[0038] Please see Figures 1-6 The construction of the diversion and discharge structure is carried out according to the construction and operation periods of the reservoir, and the method is as follows:

[0039] First, based on the planned layout of the reservoir, determine the location of the vertical spillway and diversion tunnel within the mountain, as well as their intersection points. At the same time, select a suitable outlet section for the vent pipe 8 and determine the location of the connection point between the vent pipe 8 and the drainage tunnel 6.

[0040] Specifically, the following steps are taken: Based on the topographic and geological conditions at the hub, a suitable inlet location for the vertical shaft spillway is determined, ensuring that the spillway 1 sits on intact bedrock; the drainage tunnel 6 of the vertical shaft spillway is determined to be constructed in a straight or nearly straight manner, and it should be noted that the axis formed by the drainage tunnel 6 should be as straight as possible to ensure water flow conditions and structural safety; the location of the diversion tunnel inlet section 9 is determined, as well as the location of the connection point between the connecting section 12 and the drainage tunnel 6;

[0041] Since the drainage tunnel 6 and the diversion tunnel of the vertical shaft spillway are arranged in combination, the drainage tunnel 6 section (including the water discharge pipe 8 at the bottom of the drainage tunnel 6 section) shared with the diversion tunnel, as well as the stilling basin section 7 at the outlet of the drainage tunnel 6, must be completed before the closure.

[0042] Secondly, before the reservoir is closed for water storage, the construction of the overflow weir 1, vertical shaft section 2, and energy dissipation section 3 of the vertical shaft spillway is completed, and the slope section 5 and the upstream section of the tunnel where the diversion tunnel intersects with the drainage tunnel 6 of the vertical shaft spillway are constructed.

[0043] After the reservoir is closed and water is impounded, a closed section is set up inside the sealing connection section 12, and the water discharge pipe 8 is connected to the upstream side of the valve chamber. At the same time, the construction of the remaining tunnel section downstream of the water discharge pipe 8, the energy dissipation structure 14, and the outlet cone valve 13 is completed.

[0044] The above embodiments are merely preferred technical solutions of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or substitutions to the technical solutions or parameters in the embodiments can be made without departing from the principles and essence of the present invention, and all such modifications or substitutions should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A hydraulic structure integrating flood discharge, water release, and water diversion, characterized in that: It includes a vertical shaft spillway and a diversion tunnel connected to it on one side. The vertical shaft spillway has a drainage tunnel (6) connected at both ends to the vertical shaft section (2) and the stilling basin section (7) inside it. The body of the diversion tunnel includes a connecting section (12) that intersects and connects with the drainage tunnel (6) so that the diversion tunnel can share the drainage tunnel (6) section after intersecting with the vertical shaft spillway through the connecting section (12). The vertical shaft section (2) of the vertical shaft spillway is connected to an overflow weir (1) and an energy dissipation section (3) at the top and bottom respectively. The overflow weir (1) is located on intact bedrock. The drainage tunnel (6) of the vertical spillway is constructed in a straight or nearly straight manner; The bottom of the drainage tunnel (6) is provided with a water discharge pipe (8) so that the water discharge pipe (8) and the vertical shaft spillway are arranged in a compact manner; the connecting section (12) of the diversion tunnel is sealed during reservoir operation to form a closed section; the inlet of the water discharge pipe (8) is located in the closed section and communicates with the inside of the diversion tunnel; the outlet of the water discharge pipe (8) is connected to a valve chamber arranged at intervals with the stilling basin section (7).

2. The hydraulic structure combining flood discharge, water release, and water diversion as described in claim 1, characterized in that: A slope section (5) is provided between the vertical shaft section (2) and the drainage tunnel (6), and a ventilation hole (4) is provided inside the wall of the vertical shaft section (2) and the slope section (5). The ventilation hole (4) has a first end at the connection part between the slope section (5) and the drainage tunnel (6), and a second end at the top of the overflow weir (1).

3. The hydraulic structure combining flood discharge, water release, and water diversion as described in claim 1, characterized in that: An inlet section (9) is provided at the end of the tunnel body of the diversion tunnel. The tunnel body includes a wellhead tunnel body section (10) and an emergency gate well section (11) that are connected to each other. The emergency gate well section (11) is connected to the connecting section (12).

4. The hydraulic structure combining flood discharge, water release, and water diversion as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The water inlet portion and the water outlet portion of the water discharge pipe (8) are provided with an intermediate section arranged in the mountain body, which is located at the bottom of the drainage tunnel (6).

5. The hydraulic structure combining flood discharge, water release, and water diversion as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The valve chamber includes an outlet cone valve (13) connected to the outlet portion of the drain pipe (8), and an energy dissipator (14) is provided immediately downstream of the outlet cone valve (13).

6. A construction method for a hydraulic structure integrating flood discharge, water release, and water diversion, characterized in that: The method for constructing a reservoir at different stages using a hydraulic structure that integrates flood discharge, water release, and diversion as described in any one of claims 1-5 is as follows: First, based on the layout of the pre-set reservoir, determine the location of the vertical spillway and the diversion tunnel within the mountain and their intersection points. At the same time, select a suitable outlet section of the discharge pipe (8) and determine the location of the connection point between the discharge pipe (8) and the drainage tunnel (6). Since the drainage tunnel (6) and the diversion tunnel of the vertical shaft spillway are arranged together, the drainage tunnel (6) section (including the water discharge pipe (8) at its bottom) shared with the diversion tunnel and the stilling basin section (7) at the outlet of the drainage tunnel (6) must be completed before the closure. Secondly, before the reservoir is closed for water storage, the construction of the overflow weir (1), the vertical shaft section (2), and the energy dissipation section (3) of the vertical shaft spillway is completed, and the slope section (5) and the tunnel section upstream of the intersection of the diversion tunnel and the drainage tunnel (6) of the vertical shaft spillway are constructed. After the reservoir is closed and water is stored, the closed section is set up inside the connecting section 12, and the water discharge pipe (8) is connected to the upstream side of the valve chamber. At the same time, the construction of the remaining tunnel section downstream of the water discharge pipe (8), the energy dissipation structure (14), and the outlet cone valve (13) is completed.

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