Sandwich layer structure of a sandwich type thermal insulation lining having self-drying properties

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of tunnel protection, in particular to a sandwich layer structure of a sandwich type heat insulation lining with self-drying performance, which comprises primary support, a sandwich layer and secondary lining, the primary support, the sandwich layer and the secondary lining are sequentially arranged from outside to inside, the sandwich layer comprises geotextile, an outer waterproof plate, a heat insulation layer and an inner waterproof plate, the geotextile, the outer waterproof plate, the heat insulation layer and the inner waterproof plate are sequentially arranged from outside to inside, the primary support, the sandwich layer and the bottom of the secondary lining are provided with a drainage pipeline assembly, fillers are filled between the geotextile, the outer waterproof plate, the heat insulation layer and the inner waterproof plate, and the drainage pipeline assembly comprises a tunnel side wall foot longitudinal blind pipe, a transverse drainage pipe and a tunnel drainage ditch. The application can quickly drain water through the drainage structure arranged in the sandwich layer, can prevent the decline of the heat insulation performance, the mechanical property and the service life of the heat insulation layer caused by water immersion, and can prevent water storage and freezing damage in the sandwich layer of a tunnel in a cold region.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a sandwich structure for a self-drying, heat-insulating lining, belonging to the field of tunnel protection technology. Background Technology

[0002] Tunnels located in high-temperature regions require insulated linings to reduce heat transfer from the surrounding rock into the tunnel and prevent heat damage. Tunnels in cold regions also require insulated linings to prevent cold air from entering the tunnel and causing the back of the lining to cool below the freezing point of the surrounding rock, thus preventing frost damage. Even tunnels located in permafrost areas require insulated linings to reduce heat transfer from the tunnel into the permafrost and maintain the low temperature and stability of the permafrost layer.

[0003] Generally, thermal insulation lining mainly consists of initial support, secondary lining, and a sandwich layer. The sandwich layer is composed of multiple layers of materials. The components of the sandwich layer achieve thermal insulation and waterproofing through an outer waterproof membrane, a thermal insulation layer, and an inner waterproof membrane. The thermal insulation layer is typically sandwiched between two layers of waterproof membranes, forming a sandwich-like structure of a certain thickness. However, this structure is prone to water retention and seepage. According to surveys of common tunnel defects, damage to the waterproof membrane is highly likely during tunnel construction and long-term operation. Therefore, in the existing technology of sandwich-type thermal insulation lining, if the outer waterproof membrane is damaged, groundwater will seep into the space between the outer and inner waterproof membranes, immersing the thermal insulation layer in water. This will further lead to various hazards.

[0004] 1. Water immersion in the insulation layer leads to a decrease in insulation performance and material lifespan;

[0005] 2. The long-term effect of high-temperature hot water seeping into high-temperature tunnels reduces the mechanical properties of the insulation layer. In cold regions, water storage in tunnels is prone to freeze-thaw cycles, which can cause frost damage and reduce the mechanical properties of the insulation layer.

[0006] 3. Water trapped between the outer and inner waterproofing membranes may flow longitudinally along the tunnel and seep into the tunnel interior at points of damage to the inner waterproofing membrane, causing leakage. In other words, water trapped between the two waterproofing membranes is prone to cross-contamination. Seepage points in the surrounding rock, damaged areas of the outer and inner waterproofing membranes, and leaks on the secondary lining surface are often located at certain distances, not on the same mileage. This makes it difficult to pinpoint the source of the leakage and significantly complicates the treatment of the leakage problem.

[0007] In view of this, the present invention is proposed to help solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The purpose of this invention is to provide a sandwich structure with self-draining properties for insulating lining to solve the above problems. By setting a drainage structure in the sandwich layer, it can quickly drain water, thus preventing the decrease in the thermal insulation performance, mechanical properties and service life of the insulation layer caused by water immersion, thereby preventing water accumulation and frost damage in the sandwich layer of tunnels in cold regions.

[0009] The present invention achieves the above-mentioned objective through the following technical solution: a sandwich layer structure with self-drying properties, comprising an initial support, a sandwich layer, and a secondary lining, wherein the initial support, the sandwich layer, and the secondary lining are arranged sequentially from the outside to the inside; the sandwich layer comprises a geotextile, an outer waterproof membrane, a thermal insulation layer, and an inner waterproof membrane, wherein the geotextile, the outer waterproof membrane, the thermal insulation layer, and the inner waterproof membrane are arranged sequentially from the outside to the inside; and a drainage pipe assembly is provided at the bottom of the initial support, the sandwich layer, and the secondary lining.

[0010] Furthermore, filler is used to fill the spaces between the geotextile, the outer waterproof membrane, the thermal insulation layer, and the inner waterproof membrane.

[0011] Furthermore, the drainage pipeline assembly includes longitudinal blind pipes at the tunnel sidewall foot, transverse drainage pipes, and tunnel drainage ditches.

[0012] Furthermore, the tunnel drainage pipe is installed at the bottom of the inner wall of the secondary lining, the longitudinal blind pipe at the tunnel sidewall foot is installed at the bottom of the initial support, and the transverse drainage pipe is installed between the longitudinal blind pipe at the tunnel sidewall foot and the tunnel drainage pipe.

[0013] Furthermore, the insulation layer consists of an insulation board and a geotextile drainage mat, with the insulation board placed on the geotextile drainage mat.

[0014] Furthermore, one end of the geotextile drainage mat passes through the longitudinal blind pipe at the foot of the tunnel sidewall and is attached to the inner wall of the initial support.

[0015] Furthermore, one end of the geotextile drainage mat is installed on the inner wall of the initial support by rivets.

[0016] Furthermore, the geotextile drainage mat is used to collect groundwater between the outer and inner waterproofing sheets.

[0017] Furthermore, groundwater flows into the longitudinal blind pipes at the foot of the tunnel sidewalls, and then into the tunnel drainage ditch through the transverse drainage pipes, completing the self-drainage process.

[0018] Furthermore, the geotextile drainage mat has longitudinal and transverse strips arranged at regular intervals to collect seepage water from adjacent areas.

[0019] The technical effects and advantages of this invention are as follows:

[0020] This invention enables rapid self-drainage by setting a drainage structure within the sandwich layer, thus preventing the degradation of the insulation performance, mechanical properties, and material service life of the insulation layer caused by water immersion, thereby preventing water accumulation and frost damage in the sandwich layer of tunnels in cold regions. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 This is a partial cross-sectional schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the heat insulation layer structure of the present invention;

[0024] In the diagram: 1. Initial support; 2. Sandwich layer; 201. Geotextile; 202. Outer waterproof membrane; 203. Insulation layer; 2031. Insulation board; 2032. Geotextile drainage mat; 204. Inner waterproof membrane; 3. Secondary lining; 4. Drainage pipe assembly; 401. Longitudinal blind pipe at the tunnel sidewall foot; 402. Transverse drainage pipe; 403. Tunnel drainage ditch; 5. Rivet. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0026] Please see Figure 1-3 As shown, a sandwich structure with self-drying properties and heat insulation lining includes an initial support 1, a sandwich layer 2, and a secondary lining 3. The initial support 1, sandwich layer 2, and secondary lining 3 are arranged sequentially from the outside to the inside. During construction, the initial support 1 is installed on the inner wall of the surrounding rock, and the sandwich layer 2 and secondary lining 3 are sequentially installed inside the initial support 1 to reduce heat transfer and heat damage from the surrounding rock to the tunnel. The sandwich layer 2 includes a geotextile 201, an outer waterproof membrane 202, a heat insulation layer 203, and an inner... The side waterproofing membrane 204, geotextile 201, outer waterproofing membrane 202, heat insulation layer 203 and inner waterproofing membrane 204 are arranged sequentially from the outside to the inside. The outer waterproofing membrane 202 and inner waterproofing membrane can prevent groundwater from seeping in, and the heat insulation layer 203 can play a heat insulation role to prevent the temperature loss in the tunnel. Drainage pipe assembly 4 is provided at the bottom of the initial support 1, sandwich layer 2 and secondary lining 3. The geotextile 201, outer waterproofing membrane 202, heat insulation layer 203 and inner waterproofing membrane 204 are all filled with filler.

[0027] The drainage pipeline assembly 4 includes a longitudinal blind pipe 401 at the tunnel sidewall foot, a transverse drainage pipe 402, and a tunnel drainage ditch 403. The tunnel drainage pipe is installed at the bottom of the inner wall of the secondary lining 3. The longitudinal blind pipe 401 at the tunnel sidewall foot is installed at the bottom of the initial support 1. The transverse drainage pipe 402 is installed between the longitudinal blind pipe 401 at the tunnel sidewall foot and the tunnel drainage pipe. The heat insulation layer 203 is composed of a heat insulation board 2031 and a geotextile drainage mat 2032. The heat insulation board 2031 is placed on the geotextile drainage mat 2032. One end of the geotextile drainage mat 2032 passes through the longitudinal blind pipe 401 at the tunnel sidewall foot and is attached to the inner wall of the initial support 1. The other end of the geotextile drainage mat 2032 is installed on the inner wall of the initial support 1 by rivets 5.

[0028] In this embodiment, water seeps from the surrounding rock into the initial support 1 and can continue to seep into the core layer 2, such as... Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, when water continuously seeps into the insulation layer 203, since the insulation layer 203 is composed of insulation board 2031 and geotextile drainage mat 2032, its structure is as follows: Figure 3 As shown, the geotextile drainage mat 2032 has large openings, all-round water collection, and high permeability. Therefore, it can quickly collect groundwater between the outer waterproofing membrane 202 and the inner waterproofing membrane 204, and flow along the channels inside the geotextile drainage mat 2032. Under the action of gravity, it flows to the corner of the tunnel sidewall, merges into the longitudinal blind pipe 401 at the foot of the tunnel sidewall, and finally flows into the tunnel drainage ditch 403 through the transverse drainage pipe 402. This completes the self-drainage and protects the heat insulation layer 203 and the inner waterproofing membrane 204, thus ensuring the heat insulation and waterproofing effect and extending the service life. The longitudinal and transverse strips of the geotextile drainage mat 2032 are arranged at certain intervals to collect seepage water in adjacent areas, prevent groundwater from crossing between the outer waterproofing membrane 202 and the inner waterproofing membrane 204, and achieve the effect of zoned waterproofing. Even if lining leakage occurs, it is easy to determine the source of leakage and facilitate the treatment of leakage.

[0029] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from its spirit or essential characteristics. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered in all respects as exemplary and non-limiting, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims are intended to be included within the present invention. No reference numerals in the claims should be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.

[0030] Furthermore, it should be understood that although this specification describes embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative style is merely for clarity. Those skilled in the art should consider the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A sandwich structure with self-drying properties for a sandwich-type thermal insulation lining, characterized in that: The structure includes an initial support (1), a sandwich layer (2), and a secondary lining (3), which are arranged sequentially from the outside to the inside. The sandwich layer (2) includes a geotextile (201), an outer waterproof membrane (202), a heat insulation layer (203), and an inner waterproof membrane (204), which are arranged sequentially from the outside to the inside. A drainage pipe assembly (4) is provided at the bottom of the initial support (1), the sandwich layer (2), and the secondary lining (3). The drainage pipe assembly (4) includes a longitudinal blind pipe (401) at the tunnel sidewall foot, a transverse drainage pipe (402), and a tunnel drainage ditch (403). The insulation layer (203) is composed of an insulation board (2031) and a geotextile drainage mat (2032). The insulation board (2031) is placed on the geotextile drainage mat (2032). The geotextile drainage mat (2032) is used to collect groundwater between the outer waterproofing board (202) and the inner waterproofing board (204). The geotextile drainage mat (2032) has longitudinal and transverse strips arranged at certain intervals to collect seepage water in adjacent areas. One end of the geotextile drainage mat (2032) passes through the longitudinal blind pipe (401) at the foot of the tunnel sidewall and is attached to the inner wall of the initial support (1).

2. The sandwich layer structure with self-drying properties of a sandwich-type thermal insulation lining according to claim 1, characterized in that: The geotextile (201), the outer waterproof membrane (202), the heat insulation layer (203), and the inner waterproof membrane (204) are all filled with filler.

3. The sandwich layer structure with self-drying properties of a sandwich-type thermal insulation lining according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tunnel drainage ditch (403) is installed at the bottom of the inner wall of the secondary lining (3), the longitudinal blind pipe (401) at the bottom of the tunnel sidewall foot is installed inside the initial support (1), and the transverse drainage pipe (402) is installed between the longitudinal blind pipe (401) at the bottom of the tunnel sidewall foot and the tunnel drainage ditch (403).

4. The sandwich layer structure with self-drying properties of a sandwich-type thermal insulation lining according to claim 1, characterized in that: One end of the geotextile drainage mat (2032) is installed on the inner wall of the initial support (1) by a rivet (5).

5. The sandwich layer structure with self-drying properties of a sandwich-type thermal insulation lining according to claim 3, characterized in that: Groundwater flows into the longitudinal blind pipe (401) at the foot of the tunnel sidewall, and then flows into the tunnel drainage ditch (403) through the transverse drainage pipe (402), thus completing the self-drainage.

Images