Drainage device and drainage method for long-distance reverse slope tunnel

Abstract

This invention discloses a drainage device and method for long-distance reverse-slope tunnels, relating to the field of tunnel drainage technology. The device includes a reverse-slope tunnel, the lower section of which is divided into several equally spaced water collection pits, each with a drainage ditch cover on its upper side. It also includes drainage devices located inside the water collection pits for drainage, and drainage pipes installed at the outlets of these devices. The drainage device and method for long-distance reverse-slope tunnels of this invention utilize a diversion component to divert pumped sewage. A portion of the sewage is diverted through the diversion component and a water pipe to a mixing mechanism. This achieves moderate mixing of the sewage while buffering the high-pressure pumped sewage, indirectly preventing the high-intensity pumping of the mud pump from affecting its service life and appropriately reducing the maintenance frequency of the drainage device.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of tunnel drainage technology, specifically to a drainage device and method for long-distance reverse slope tunnels. Background Technology

[0002] For reverse slope drainage, mechanical drainage is required, with multiple pump stations relaying the drainage. Water in the working area is pumped to the nearest pump station or temporary sump using mobile submersible pumps. Seepage (gushing) water from other constructed sections of the tunnel naturally collects in temporary sumps or pump station pools via the tunnel's inner side ditches. Fixed drainage pump stations then pump the accumulated water through drainage pipelines to the next higher-level drainage pump station. This relay system of fixed drainage pump stations pumps the water from inside the tunnel to the outside, where it is treated in a sewage treatment plant before being discharged. The capacity of the fixed drainage pump station's water tank is designed for a 10-minute flow rate, taking into account construction and dredging convenience. The temporary sump size is determined based on the flow rate of the catchment area. One working pump is provided, one is on standby, and one is under maintenance. Additional working pumps should be added when the tunnel's flow rate is high.

[0003] For tunnel construction with a large slope, the head requirements for drainage motors are relatively high. Therefore, a sump pit and reverse slope drainage method is adopted. During the tunnel construction process, reverse slope drainage ditches are excavated in sections. At the end of each section, a sump pit is excavated and a working water pump is set up to pump the accumulated water to the last reverse slope section. The last working water pump discharges the accumulated water out of the tunnel and uses a relay method to pump the water to the sewage sedimentation treatment pool outside the tunnel.

[0004] In daily life, silt and dirt such as garbage inevitably accumulate in the sump. The dirt will settle inside the sump. Since the inlet of the working water pump is usually located at the bottom of the sump, the dirt will block the working water pump and increase the maintenance requirements of the working water pump.

[0005] Using mud pumps instead of working water pumps is advantageous because mud pumps have a higher operating intensity and can effectively handle dirt. However, to ensure low maintenance requirements for the drainage system, it is necessary to minimize dirt formation. Screening devices are often installed at the inlet of the working water pump. While this avoids dirt intake to a large extent, the screening standard needs to be customized according to the actual geographical conditions. For example, in reverse slope tunnels located on mountains with many loose rocks, the screening device must be strong enough. This undoubtedly increases the procurement and installation costs of the drainage system. Furthermore, the dirt after screening still remains inside the sump, requiring manual cleaning later. Therefore, we propose a drainage device and method for long-distance reverse slope tunnels. Summary of the Invention

[0006] (a) Technical problems to be solved

[0007] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a drainage device and method for long-distance reverse slope tunnels, which has advantages such as mud backwashing and reduced maintenance requirements, and can effectively solve the problems in the background technology.

[0008] (II) Technical Solution

[0009] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: a drainage device and method for a long-distance reverse slope tunnel, comprising a reverse slope tunnel, wherein the lower section of the reverse slope tunnel is equally divided into several water-collecting pits at fixed intervals, and drainage ditch covers are provided at the upper ends of both sides of the several water-collecting pits, and further comprising...

[0010] A drainage device located inside several puddles for draining water;

[0011] And drain pipes installed at the outlets of several drainage devices;

[0012] The drainage device includes a mud pump, and the inlet of the mud pump is equipped with a stirring mechanism for mixing and stirring the sewage.

[0013] Preferably, the drainage device is placed inside the sump, and one end of the drainage pipe is fixedly connected to the outlet of the drainage device. The drainage pipe passes through a corresponding drainage ditch cover plate and extends above and adjacent to another drainage ditch cover plate. The drainage pipe also passes through the upper end of the other drainage ditch cover plate into the interior of the corresponding sump. The drainage device integrates a control system, and the control system includes a liquid level sensor, which is also located inside the sump.

[0014] Preferably, the outlet of the mud pump is provided with a diversion component for diverting the flow, and one branch of the diversion component is connected to a drain pipe, while the other branch of the diversion component is provided with a water pipe connected to the mixing mechanism.

[0015] Preferably, the stirring mechanism includes a main outer chamber, and the interior of the outer chamber is provided with blades for stirring and mixing. The upper end of the outer chamber is provided with a transmission component as its power source, and the mechanical output end of the transmission component extends from the upper end of the outer chamber into its interior and connects with the blades.

[0016] Preferably, a flange is provided on one side of the outer chamber and is connected to the inlet of the diversion component. The inner wall of the flange is provided with a grid plate for screening stones. A connecting pipe is provided on the upper side of the outer wall of the flange and is connected to it. The other end of the connecting pipe is connected to the transmission component.

[0017] Preferably, the transmission component includes its main power chamber, and an impeller is provided on the inner wall of the power chamber. A support bearing for connection is provided between the impeller and the power chamber, and a connecting shaft serving as the mechanical output shaft of the transmission component is provided at the lower end of the impeller.

[0018] Preferably, the connecting shaft extends from the upper end of the outer chamber into its interior and connects with the blade. A water inlet is provided on one side of the power chamber for water intake, and the side of the power chamber away from the water inlet is connected to and communicates with the connecting pipe.

[0019] A drainage method for a drainage device used in a long-distance reverse slope tunnel includes the following steps:

[0020] S001. Installation: Construction workers excavate several water collection pits in the reverse slope tunnel, and these water collection pits divide the reverse slope tunnel at equal intervals. Then, several drainage devices are placed inside one side of the corresponding water collection pit. One end of the drainage pipe is fixedly connected to the outlet of the drainage device. The drainage pipe is then passed through the corresponding drainage ditch cover plate and placed above and adjacent to another drainage ditch cover plate. The other end of the drainage pipe is then passed through the other drainage ditch cover plate into the interior of the corresponding water collection pit.

[0021] S002, Drainage: If the liquid level sensor located inside the sump is triggered by the liquid level, and then the control system receives an electrical pulse signal, the mud pump will be started. After the mud pump is started, the sewage inside the sump will be pumped under high pressure. Most of the sewage will be diverted through the diversion component and pumped through the drainage pipe to another sump above this sump.

[0022] S201. Mixing: Based on step S002, during the sewage backwashing process, some sewage is diverted by the diverter and flows to the transmission component through the water pipe, so that the transmission component drives the paddle to rotate at high speed, thereby achieving the mixing of sewage inside the sump.

[0023] (III) Beneficial Effects

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a drainage device and drainage method for long-distance reverse slope tunnels, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0025] 1. A drainage device and method for a long-distance reverse slope tunnel, wherein the drainage device is configured to divert the pumped sewage through a diversion component, and part of the sewage is diverted through the diversion component and a water pipe to the mixing mechanism. While achieving appropriate mixing of the sewage, it can also buffer the sewage pumped by high pressure, thereby indirectly avoiding the impact on the service life of the mud pump caused by the high-intensity pumping, and appropriately reducing the maintenance frequency of the drainage device.

[0026] 2. The drainage device and method for a long-distance reverse slope tunnel, through the set mixing mechanism, the grating plate can screen large stones to prevent them from being sucked into the mud pump and causing damage to the mud pump's function; the high-speed drive of the blades is achieved through sewage circulation pumping, and because the blades directly act on the sewage in the sump, they can be stirred and mixed evenly, which can effectively prevent a large amount of dirt from settling in the sump, thereby ensuring the smooth pumping out of the sewage.

[0027] 3. The drainage device and method for a long-distance reverse slope tunnel, through the setting of a mixing mechanism, uses sewage circulation as the mixing power source of the mixing mechanism, so that the kinetic energy generated by the mud pump can be fully utilized, thereby realizing the need for mixing the sewage inside the sump. Attached Figure Description

[0028] Figure 1 This is an assembly diagram of a drainage device and drainage method for a long-distance reverse slope tunnel according to the present invention.

[0029] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of a drainage device and drainage method for a long-distance reverse slope tunnel according to the present invention.

[0030] Figure 3 This invention provides a drainage device and method for long-distance reverse slope tunnels, and a schematic diagram of the structure of the drainage device. Figure 1 .

[0031] Figure 4 This invention provides a drainage device and method for long-distance reverse slope tunnels, and a schematic diagram of the structure of the drainage device. Figure 2 .

[0032] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a drainage device and drainage method for a long-distance reverse slope tunnel according to the present invention, wherein the drainage device uses a stirring mechanism.

[0033] Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional view of the transmission component in the stirring mechanism of a long-distance reverse slope tunnel, which is a drainage device and drainage method for the present invention.

[0034] In the picture:

[0035] 1. Reverse slope tunnel; 2. Drainage ditch cover; 3. Drainage device; 4. Drainage pipe;

[0036] 31. Mud pump; 32. Mixing mechanism; 33. Flow divider; 34. Water pipe;

[0037] 321. Outer compartment; 322. Transmission component; 323. Flange; 324. Grating plate; 325. Paddle blade;

[0038] 326. Connecting pipe;

[0039] 3221. Power compartment; 3222. Impeller; 3223. Connecting shaft; 3224. Water inlet. Detailed Implementation

[0040] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0041] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the invention.

[0042] It should be noted that similar labels and letters in the following figures indicate similar items. Therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.

[0043] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship commonly used when the product of this invention is in use. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this invention. In addition, the terms "first," "second," "third," etc., are only used to distinguish descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0044] Furthermore, terms such as "horizontal," "vertical," and "sag" do not imply that components must be absolutely horizontal or suspended, but rather that they can be slightly tilted. For example, "horizontal" simply means that its direction is more horizontal relative to "vertical," and does not mean that the structure must be completely horizontal, but can be slightly tilted.

[0045] In the description of this invention, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "set," "install," "connect," and "link" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0046] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, such as Figure 1 , 2 As shown, the present invention provides a drainage device and drainage method for a long-distance reverse slope tunnel. The drainage device 3 is placed inside the sump pit, and one end of the drainage pipe 4 is fixedly connected to the outlet on the drainage device 3. The drainage pipe 4 passes through the corresponding drainage ditch cover plate 2 and extends above and adjacent to another drainage ditch cover plate 2. The drainage pipe 4 passes through the upper end of the other drainage ditch cover plate 2 into the interior of the corresponding sump pit. The drainage device 3 integrates a control system, and the control system is equipped with a liquid level sensor, which is also located inside the sump pit.

[0047] It should be noted that during the later stages of construction of the reverse slope tunnel 1, during the installation of the drainage device 3, the construction workers first placed several drainage devices 3 into the corresponding water collection pits, and installed drainage pipes 4 at the outlets of the drainage devices 3. The drainage pipes 4 passed through one section of the corresponding drainage ditch cover plate 2 to the adjacent section of another drainage ditch cover plate 2, and then through the other drainage ditch cover plate 2 to the corresponding water collection pit. In this way, they were installed one after another along the reverse slope of the tunnel.

[0048] In normal circumstances, if there is excessive sewage inside the sump, it will trigger the liquid level sensor located inside the sump. Then, the control system attached to the liquid level sensor will control the drainage device 3 to start. After the drainage device 3 starts, it will pump the sewage in the sump through the drain pipe 4 connected to it to another sump above it through a high-pressure pump. This cycle will be repeated to ensure that the sewage inside the reverse slope tunnel 1 is discharged in time, so as to avoid the risk of the reverse slope tunnel 1 collapsing due to the accumulation of sewage inside the reverse slope tunnel 1.

[0049] like Figure 3 , 4 As shown, a drainage device for a long-distance reverse slope tunnel is placed inside one side of a sump, with the mud pump 31 facing the drainage ditch cover 2. The input end of the diverter 33 is fixedly connected to the outlet of the drainage device 3, and the end of one branch of the drainage pipe 4 is fixedly connected to one end of the drainage pipe 4. The end of the other branch of the diverter 33 is fixedly connected to one end of the water pipe 34, and the end of the water pipe 34 away from the diverter 33 is fixedly connected to and communicates with the upper section of the mixing mechanism 32.

[0050] It should be noted that the present invention is a drainage device and drainage method for a long-distance reverse slope tunnel. In the process of draining sewage from the sump, the mud pump 31 starts after receiving an electrical pulse signal from the control system. Then, the sewage in the sump is sucked in by the inlet of the mud pump 31 and pumped by the high pressure from the outlet to the diversion component 33 for diversion.

[0051] Most of the sewage flows out through one side of the diversion component 33 to the drain pipe 4 for discharge, while some sewage flows through the other side of the diversion component 33 to the mixing mechanism 32 via the water pipe 34, thereby driving the mixing mechanism 32 to perform high-pressure mixing and achieve the mixing treatment of sewage inside the sump.

[0052] The pumped sewage is diverted by the diverter 33, and part of the sewage is diverted to the mixing mechanism 32 through the water pipe 34 via the diverter 33. This not only achieves moderate mixing of the sewage, but also buffers the sewage pumped under high pressure, thereby indirectly avoiding the impact on the service life of the mud pump 31 due to its high-intensity pumping, and appropriately reducing the frequency of maintenance of the drainage device.

[0053] Specifically, such as Figure 5 As shown, a mixing mechanism 32 for a drainage device of a long-distance reverse slope tunnel has a flange 323 fixedly connected to and communicating with the outer wall of the outer chamber 321, and a grating plate 324 fixedly connected to the inner wall of the flange 323. The power chamber 3221 is located at the upper end of the outer chamber 321, and the mechanical output end of the transmission component 322 passes through the middle of the upper end of the outer chamber 321 into the interior of the outer chamber 321 and is fixedly connected to the blade 325. One end of the connecting pipe 326 is fixedly connected to the upper side of the outer wall of the flange 323, and the other end of the connecting pipe 326 is fixedly connected to and communicating with the outer wall of the transmission component 322.

[0054] It should be noted that the present invention is a drainage device and drainage method for a long-distance reverse slope tunnel. Through the set stirring mechanism 32, during the sewage discharge process, part of the sewage is diverted by the diverting component 33 and transported to the transmission component 322 through the water pipe 34. Under the high pressure flow of sewage, the transmission component 322 drives the blade 325 to rotate at high speed inside the outer chamber 321, thereby realizing the mixing and stirring of sewage inside the sewage pit.

[0055] During this process, the sewage that serves as the power source passes through the transmission component 322 and is then pumped out through the connecting pipe 326 to the flange 323. Subsequently, the sewage in the sump is re-inhaled due to the negative pressure at the inlet of the mud pump 31, and then most of it is pumped out through the diversion component 33 and the water pipe 34 to the drain pipe 4.

[0056] Among them, the grating plate 324 can screen large stones to prevent them from being sucked into the mud pump 31 and causing damage to the function of the mud pump 31.

[0057] The high-speed drive of the blade 325 is achieved by circulating sewage. Since the blade 325 directly acts on the sewage in the sump, it can be stirred and mixed evenly, which can effectively prevent a large amount of dirt from settling in the sump, thus ensuring the smooth pumping out of the sewage.

[0058] Furthermore, and such Figure 6 As shown, in a long-distance reverse slope tunnel, the transmission component 322 of the stirring mechanism 32 of the drainage device is fixedly connected to and communicates with the side of the power chamber 3221 away from the water inlet 3224, and the water inlet 3224 is connected to one end of the water pipe 34.

[0059] The impeller 3222 is embedded in the upper part of the power chamber 3221 through the support bearing and is rotatably connected thereto. The lower end of the impeller 3222 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the connecting shaft 3223. The connecting shaft 3223 passes through the upper end of the outer chamber 321 and is rotatably connected thereto. The lower end of the connecting shaft 3223 is fixedly connected to the blade 325.

[0060] It should be noted that the present invention is a drainage device and drainage method for a long-distance reverse slope tunnel. Through the transmission component 322, during the sewage pumping process, part of the sewage is diverted by the diverter 33 and then pumped into the power chamber 3221 through the water pipe 34 from the water inlet 3224. Then, it is pumped into the flange 323 at the water inlet of the mud pump 31 through the connecting pipe 326 connected to it.

[0061] During this process, as the sewage flows at high speed inside the power chamber 3221, the sewage directly acts on the impeller 3222, causing the impeller 3222 to rotate at high speed. This, in turn, drives the blades 325 to rotate at high speed synchronously via the connecting shaft 3223, thereby achieving the mixing and stirring of the sewage inside the sump.

[0062] In this system, the sewage circulation is used as the stirring power source for the stirring mechanism 32, so that the kinetic energy generated by the mud pump 31 can be fully utilized, thereby fulfilling the requirement of mixing and stirring the sewage inside the sump.

[0063] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely illustrative of the principles of the invention. Various changes and modifications can be made to the invention without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the claimed invention.

Claims

1. A drainage device for a long-distance reverse slope tunnel, comprising a reverse slope tunnel (1), wherein the lower section of the reverse slope tunnel (1) is divided into several water-collecting pits at regular intervals, and drainage ditch covers (2) are provided at the upper ends of both sides of the several water-collecting pits, characterized in that: Also includes Drainage device located inside several sump pits for drainage (3); And drain pipes (4) installed at the outlets of several drainage devices (3); The drainage device (3) includes a mud pump (31), and a stirring mechanism (32) for mixing and stirring sewage is provided at the inlet of the mud pump (31). The outlet of the mud pump (31) is provided with a diversion component (33) for diverting the flow, and one branch of the diversion component (33) is connected to the drain pipe (4), and the other branch of the diversion component (33) is provided with a water pipe (34) connected to the stirring mechanism (32). The stirring mechanism (32) includes its main outer chamber (321), and the interior of the outer chamber (321) is provided with a paddle (325) for stirring and mixing. The upper end of the outer chamber (321) is provided with a transmission component (322) as its power source, and the mechanical output end of the transmission component (322) passes through the upper end of the outer chamber (321) into its interior and is connected to the paddle (325). A flange (323) is provided on one side of the outer chamber (321) and is connected to the inlet of the diverter (33). The inner wall of the flange (323) is provided with a grid plate (324) for screening stones. A connecting pipe (326) is provided on the upper side of the outer wall of the flange (323) and is connected to it. The other end of the connecting pipe (326) is connected to the transmission component (322).

2. The drainage device for a long-distance reverse slope tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drainage device (3) is placed inside the sump pit, and one end of the drainage pipe (4) is fixedly connected to the outlet of the drainage device (3). The drainage pipe (4) is passed through the corresponding drainage ditch cover plate (2) and is above and adjacent to another drainage ditch cover plate (2). The drainage pipe (4) is passed through the upper end of the other drainage ditch cover plate (2) into the interior of the corresponding sump pit. The drainage device (3) is integrated with a control system, and the control system is equipped with a liquid level sensor, which is also located inside the sump pit.

3. The drainage device for a long-distance reverse slope tunnel according to claim 2, characterized in that: The transmission component (322) includes its main power chamber (3221), and an impeller (3222) is provided on the inner wall of the power chamber (3221). A support bearing for connection is provided between the impeller (3222) and the power chamber (3221), and a connecting shaft (3223) serving as the mechanical output shaft of the transmission component (322) is provided at the lower end of the impeller (3222).

4. A drainage device for a long-distance reverse slope tunnel according to claim 3, characterized in that: The connecting shaft (3223) extends from the upper end of the outer chamber (321) into its interior and connects with the blade (325). A water inlet (3224) is provided on one side of the power chamber (3221) for water intake. The side of the power chamber (3221) away from the water inlet (3224) is connected to and communicates with the connecting pipe (326). One end of the water inlet (3224) is connected to the water pipe (34).

5. A drainage method for a drainage device used in any one of claims 2-4 long-distance reverse-slope tunnels, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: S001, Installation: Construction workers dig several water collection pits in the reverse slope tunnel (1), and the water collection pits divide the reverse slope tunnel (1) at equal intervals. Then, several drainage devices (3) are placed inside one side of the corresponding water collection pit. Then, one end of the drainage pipe (4) is fixedly connected to the outlet of the drainage device (3). Then, the drainage pipe (4) is passed through the corresponding drainage ditch cover plate (2) and placed above and near another drainage ditch cover plate (2). The other end of the drainage pipe (4) is passed through the other drainage ditch cover plate (2) into the interior of the corresponding water collection pit. S002, Drainage: If the level sensor inside the sump is triggered by the level, and the control system receives an electrical pulse signal, the mud pump (31) will be started. After the mud pump (31) is started, the sewage inside the sump will be pumped under high pressure. Most of the sewage will be diverted by the diverter (33) and pumped to another sump above this sump through the corresponding drain pipe (4). S201, Mixing: Based on step S002, during the sewage backwashing process, some sewage is diverted by the diverter (33) and flows to the transmission component (322) through the water pipe (34), so that the transmission component (322) drives the paddle (325) to rotate at high speed, thereby achieving the mixing of sewage inside the sump.

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