Micro-channel type afterburner and aircraft engine

Abstract

This invention discloses a microchannel-type forced-cooling nozzle and an aero-engine. The microchannel-type forced-cooling nozzle includes a nozzle body with a flow channel disposed within the nozzle body's wall. Combustion flows from the front end to the rear end of the nozzle body. A heat exchange medium flows in from an inlet located at the rear end of the nozzle body, flows within the flow channel, and exits from an outlet located at the front end of the nozzle body. During its flow within the flow channel, the heat exchange medium transfers heat to the combustion gas through the nozzle body's wall, thereby enabling the reuse of combustion gas heat. This microchannel-type forced-cooling nozzle integrates the flow channel within the nozzle body's wall, achieving a compact and integrated design. Heat conduction through the pipe wall results in high heat exchange efficiency, while simultaneously reducing the nozzle body's wall surface temperature and the combustion gas temperature, thereby reducing infrared radiation from the nozzle, increasing the nozzle body's service life, and lowering costs.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of aero-engine technology, specifically to a microchannel type high-cooling tail nozzle and an aero-engine. Background Technology

[0002] In hydrogen fuel or other cryogenic fuel turbine engines, the fuel needs to absorb a large amount of heat to reach its operating temperature. Exhaust nozzle heat exchangers are used for energy extraction and utilization from the exhaust nozzle of aircraft engines. They utilize the waste heat from the combustion gases flowing through the exhaust nozzle to heat the cryogenic fuel, providing some of the heat needed to raise the fuel's temperature and thus reducing energy consumption.

[0003] As a component of an aero-engine, the overall weight of the exhaust nozzle should not be too large. In existing technologies, one approach is to wrap the heat exchanger around the outer wall of the exhaust nozzle, allowing heat exchange between the exhaust nozzle and the heat exchanger through heat conduction. This method has low heat exchange efficiency and is relatively heavy and large in size. Another approach is to place part of the heat exchanger inside the exhaust nozzle channel, allowing the exhaust gas from the exhaust nozzle to flow through the heat exchanger and undergo forced convection heat exchange. While this method can increase the heat exchange capacity, it also increases the drag of the exhaust nozzle and reduces engine performance. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the defects of the low heat exchange performance of the tail nozzle heat exchanger in the prior art, which easily affects the performance of the engine, and thus provide a microchannel type strong cooling tail nozzle and aero engine that can increase the heat exchange power while ensuring good engine performance.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

[0006] A microchannel type forced cooling nozzle includes: a nozzle body, wherein a flow channel is provided inside the pipe wall of the nozzle body, a plurality of outlets communicating with the flow channel are provided on the pipe wall at the front end of the nozzle body, and a plurality of inlets communicating with the flow channel are provided on the pipe wall at the rear end of the nozzle body. Combustion flows from the front end to the rear end direction through the outer bypass of the nozzle body, and heat exchange medium enters from the inlets, flows through the flow channel, and flows out from the outlets. The heat exchange medium flows relative to the combustion gas to perform forced convection heat exchange.

[0007] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the nozzle body includes: an outer wall of the nozzle, an inner wall of the nozzle, and a support plate. An outer flow channel is provided inside the outer wall of the nozzle. The inlet is located at the rear end of the outer wall of the nozzle, and the outlet is located at the front end of the outer wall of the nozzle. Both the inlet and the outlet are connected to the outer flow channel. The inner wall of the nozzle is coaxially arranged with the outer wall of the nozzle, and an outer bypass channel is formed between the outer wall of the nozzle and the inner wall of the nozzle. An inner flow channel is provided inside the inner wall of the nozzle. The support plate is disposed inside the outer bypass channel and is adapted to connect the outer wall of the nozzle and the inner wall of the nozzle. A middle flow channel is provided inside the support plate. The combustion gas flows from the front end to the rear end of the outer bypass channel. The outer flow channel, the middle flow channel, and the inner flow channel are connected to form the flow passage. The heat exchange medium flows in from the inlet, flows through the outer flow channel, the middle flow channel, and the inner flow channel, and then flows out from the outlet.

[0008] According to some embodiments of the present invention, a baffle is provided in the middle channel, the baffle dividing the middle channel into a first middle channel and a second middle channel.

[0009] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the second intermediate flow channel is provided with multiple baffles that are staggered vertically, so that the second intermediate flow channel is arranged in a zigzag shape.

[0010] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the outflow channel includes a first outflow channel and a second outflow channel that are not interconnected, the first outflow channel being connected to the outlet and the second outflow channel being connected to the inlet;

[0011] The second outflow channel is connected to the rear end of the inner flow channel through the second middle flow channel, and the first outflow channel is connected to the front end of the inner flow channel through the first middle flow channel;

[0012] The heat exchange medium flows in from the inlet, passes sequentially through the second outflow channel, the second middle flow channel, the inner flow channel, the first middle flow channel, and the first outflow channel, and then flows out from the outlet.

[0013] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the inner flow channel includes a first main flow pipe and a second main flow pipe, both disposed within the inner wall of the nozzle, and a plurality of vertical flow branch pipes adapted to connect the first main flow pipe and the second main flow pipe. The second main flow pipe is connected to the second intermediate flow channel, and the first main flow pipe is connected to the first intermediate flow channel. The heat exchange medium flows into the second intermediate flow channel from the second outer flow channel, flows through the second main flow pipe, the vertical flow branch pipes and the first main flow pipe in sequence, and flows from the first intermediate flow channel to the first outer flow channel.

[0014] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the first outflow channel includes a first circulation pipe and a second circulation pipe both disposed inside the outer wall of the nozzle, and a plurality of first vertical flow pipes adapted to connect the first circulation pipe and the second circulation pipe. The first circulation pipe and the second circulation pipe are spaced apart from the front end to the rear end along the axis of the outer wall of the nozzle. The first circulation pipe is connected to the outlet, and the second circulation pipe is connected to the first middle flow channel. The plurality of first vertical flow pipes are evenly distributed or regularly distributed circumferentially along the outer wall of the nozzle.

[0015] The second outflow channel includes a third and a fourth annular flow pipe, both disposed inside the outer wall of the nozzle, and a plurality of second vertical flow pipes connecting the third and fourth annular flow pipes. The third and fourth annular flow pipes are spaced apart from the front end to the rear end. The third annular flow pipe is connected to the second middle flow channel, and the fourth annular flow pipe is connected to the inlet. The plurality of second vertical flow pipes are evenly spaced or regularly distributed circumferentially along the outer wall of the nozzle.

[0016] According to some embodiments of the present invention, multiple flow channels are provided, and the number of flow channels is equal to the number of support plates.

[0017] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the flow passage is provided with multiple flow passages, which are periodically arranged along the circumference of the nozzle body.

[0018] The present invention also proposes an aero-engine, including a turbine, on which the microchannel type high-cooling exhaust nozzle is mounted.

[0019] The technical solution of this invention has the following advantages:

[0020] 1. The microchannel-type forced-cooling nozzle provided by this invention has a flow channel set inside the nozzle body's tube wall. Gas flows from the front end to the rear end within the outer bypass duct of the nozzle body. The heat exchange medium flows in from an inlet at the rear end of the nozzle body, flows within the flow channel, and exits from an outlet at the front end of the nozzle body. During its flow within the flow channel, the heat exchange medium transfers heat to the gas through the nozzle body's tube wall, thereby enabling the reuse of gas heat. This microchannel-type forced-cooling nozzle integrates the flow channel within the nozzle body's tube wall, achieving a compact structure. Heat conduction through the tube wall results in high heat exchange efficiency. Simultaneously, it reduces the tube wall temperature and gas temperature, thereby reducing infrared radiation from the nozzle, increasing the nozzle body's service life, and lowering costs.

[0021] 2. The microchannel-type forced cooling tail nozzle provided by the present invention allows the gas to flow from the front end to the rear end of the inner wall of the outer bypass nozzle. After the heat exchange medium flows into the outer channel from the inlet, it enters the middle channel and the inner channel in sequence. The outer channel, middle channel and inner channel are connected to form a flow channel, thereby prolonging the flow time of the heat exchange medium in the flow channel, so that the heat exchange medium and the gas can fully exchange heat and improve the heat exchange efficiency.

[0022] 3. The microchannel-type forced cooling nozzle provided by the present invention has a baffle in the middle channel that divides the middle channel into a first middle channel and a second middle channel, so that the heat exchange working fluid flowing into the middle channel does not interfere with each other, ensuring the smooth flow of the heat exchange working fluid and improving the heat exchange efficiency.

[0023] 4. The microchannel-type forced cooling nozzle provided by the present invention has multiple baffles arranged vertically and vertically in the second intermediate flow channel, so that the second intermediate flow channel is arranged in a zigzag shape, which prolongs the stroke of the second intermediate flow channel and thus prolongs the flow time of the heat exchange medium. When the gas flows in the outer bypass, it flows through the support plate, thereby enabling the heat exchange medium and the gas to exchange heat fully and improving the heat exchange efficiency.

[0024] 5. The microchannel-type forced-cooling nozzle provided by this invention allows the heat exchange medium to flow from the inlet into the second outflow channel, sequentially through the second middle flow channel, the inner flow channel, the first middle flow channel, and the first outflow channel, and then outflow from the outlet. This flow channel covers the outer wall, inner wall, and support plates of the nozzle, thereby ensuring sufficient heat exchange between the heat exchange medium and the combustion gas, carrying away heat from the nozzle body, reducing thermal radiation from the nozzle body, and extending the flow path of the heat exchange medium, further improving heat exchange efficiency. The flow channel, composed of the second outflow channel, the second middle flow channel, the inner flow channel, the first middle flow channel, and the first outflow channel, forms a unidirectional flow channel, ensuring smooth flow of the heat exchange medium and preventing turbulence within the flow channel, which would affect heat exchange efficiency.

[0025] 6. The microchannel-type forced cooling nozzle provided by the present invention comprises a first external flow channel consisting of a first circulating pipe, a second circulating pipe, and several first vertical flow pipes connecting the first circulating pipe and the second circulating pipe. The first vertical flow pipes are arranged circumferentially along the outer wall of the nozzle, so that the heat exchange medium can fully absorb the heat on the outer wall of the nozzle, thereby reducing the wall temperature of the outer wall of the nozzle and extending the service life of the outer wall of the nozzle.

[0026] 7. The microchannel-type strong cooling nozzle provided by the present invention has multiple flow channels consisting of a second outer flow channel, a second middle flow channel, an inner flow channel, a first middle flow channel, and a first outer flow channel, which are periodically distributed along the circumference of the nozzle body, making the cooling of the nozzle body more uniform.

[0027] 8. The aero-engine provided by this invention has a microchannel-type forced cooling nozzle at the rear end of the turbine, where the gas and heat exchange medium achieve convective forced heat exchange, thereby recovering the heat of the gas for heating and combustion of cryogenic fuel. A flow channel suitable for the flow of the heat exchange medium is set inside the nozzle body wall, realizing an integrated design, thereby reducing the weight of the overall component. In addition, through the heat exchange between the heat exchange medium and the gas, the temperature of the nozzle body and the gas temperature are reduced, thereby reducing the infrared radiation of the nozzle, extending the service life of the nozzle, and improving the reliability of the engine. Attached Figure Description

[0028] To more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0029] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional view of a microchannel-type forced cooling nozzle in some embodiments of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 2 This is a partial structural view of a microchannel-type high-cooling tail nozzle in some embodiments of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram showing the unfolded flow channel of the microchannel-type forced cooling nozzle in some embodiments of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram showing the unfolded flow channel of the microchannel type forced cooling nozzle in some embodiments of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram showing the unfolded internal flow channel of a microchannel-type forced cooling nozzle in some embodiments of the present invention.

[0034] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 1. Outer wall of nozzle; 2. Inner wall of nozzle; 3. Support plate; 4. Outer duct; 5. Outer flow channel; 6. Middle flow channel; 7. Inner flow channel; 11. Inlet; 12. Outlet; 31. Baffle; 32. Deflector; 51. First outer flow channel; 52. Second outer flow channel; 61. First middle flow channel; 62. Second middle flow channel; 71. First main flow pipe; 72. Second main flow pipe; 73. Vertical flow branch pipe; 511. First circulation pipe; 512. Second circulation pipe; 513. First vertical flow pipe; 521. Third circulation pipe; 522. Fourth circulation pipe; 523. Second vertical flow pipe. Detailed Implementation

[0035] The technical solution of the present invention will now be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0036] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing the invention and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0037] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0038] Furthermore, the technical features involved in the different embodiments of the present invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0039] Reference Figures 1 to 5 As shown, the present invention proposes a microchannel type forced cooling nozzle, comprising: a nozzle body, a flow channel provided in the pipe wall of the nozzle body, a plurality of outlets 12 connected to the flow channel on the pipe wall at the front end of the nozzle body, and a plurality of inlets 11 connected to the flow channel on the pipe wall at the rear end of the nozzle body. The combustion gas flows from the front end to the rear end direction from the outer bypass duct 4 of the nozzle body, the heat exchange medium enters from the inlet 11, flows through the flow channel, and flows out from the outlet 12. The heat exchange medium and the combustion gas flow relative to each other to perform forced convection heat exchange.

[0040] Specifically, in some embodiments of the present invention, the front end of the nozzle body is the end closer to the turbine, and the rear end of the nozzle body is the end farther away from the turbine.

[0041] Specifically, a flow channel is formed inside the nozzle body's tube wall. An outlet 12 is located on the front outer tube wall of the nozzle body, and an inlet 11 is located on the rear outer tube wall. The inlet 11 and outlet 12 are connected to the two ends of the flow channel. This flow channel is suitable for the flow of the heat exchange medium, and the nozzle body's tube cavity is suitable for the flow of combustion gas. The combustion gas flows out from the engine combustion chamber, enters the turbine, and then flows out from the tail nozzle at the turbine's rear end from front to back. The heat exchange medium flows from back to front, and the heat exchange medium and combustion gas flow relative to each other. Under the heat conduction effect of the nozzle body's tube wall, the heat exchange medium and combustion gas achieve heat exchange, realizing the reuse of combustion gas heat. This microchannel-type forced-cooling tail nozzle integrates the flow channel within the nozzle body's tube wall, achieving a compact structure. Heat conduction through the tube wall results in high heat exchange efficiency, while simultaneously reducing the tube wall temperature and combustion gas temperature, thereby reducing infrared radiation from the tail nozzle, increasing the nozzle body's service life, and reducing costs.

[0042] It is understood that the cavity of the nozzle body forms a gas flow channel, and the cross-section of the gas flow channel can be straight, expanding, or contracting. The type of cross-section of the gas flow channel is not a limitation of this invention.

[0043] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, in some embodiments of the present invention, the nozzle body includes: an outer wall 1, an inner wall 2, and a support plate 3. An outer flow channel 5 is provided within the outer wall 1. An inlet 11 is located at the rear end of the outer wall 1, and an outlet 12 is located at the front end of the outer wall 1. Both the inlet 11 and the outlet 12 communicate with the outer flow channel 5. The inner wall 2 is located within the cavity of the outer wall 1, and the inner wall 2 is coaxially arranged with the outer wall 1. The outer wall 1 and the nozzle... An outer duct 4 is formed between the inner walls 2, and an inner flow channel 7 is provided inside the inner wall 2 of the nozzle; a support plate 3 is provided inside the outer duct 4, and the support plate 3 is suitable for connecting the outer wall 1 of the nozzle and the inner wall 2 of the nozzle, and a middle flow channel 6 is provided inside the support plate 3; the gas flows from the front end to the rear end of the outer duct 4, and the outer flow channel 5, the middle flow channel 6 and the inner flow channel 7 are connected to form a flow passage, and the heat exchange working fluid flows in from the inlet 11, flows through the outer flow channel 5, the middle flow channel 6 and the inner flow channel 7, and then flows out from the outlet 12.

[0044] Specifically, the nozzle body includes an outer wall 1, an inner wall 2, and a support plate 3. An outer bypass duct 4 is formed between the inner wall 2 and the outer wall 1. After flowing out of the combustion chamber of the gas engine, the nozzle flows through the turbine and into the outer bypass duct 4, flowing towards the rear end. The support plate 3 is adapted to connect the outer wall 1 and the inner wall 2, providing fixed support for the inner wall 2. In some embodiments of the present invention, the outer wall 1 and the inner wall 2 are coaxially arranged, and the types of the outer wall 1 and the inner wall 2 are not considered limitations of the present invention.

[0045] It is understandable that an outer flow channel 5 is opened inside the pipe wall of the outer wall 1 of the nozzle, an inner flow channel 7 is opened inside the pipe wall of the inner wall 2 of the nozzle, and a middle flow channel 6 is opened inside the support plate 3. The middle flow channel 6 connects the outer flow channel 5 and the inner flow channel 7. When the heat exchange medium flows into the outer flow channel 5 from the inlet 11, it flows through the middle flow channel 6 and the inner flow channel 7 in sequence, and then flows back to the outer flow channel 5 and flows out from the outlet 12. The support plate 3 is set between the outer bypass channels 4. When the gas flows through the outer bypass channel 4, the heat exchange medium flowing through the middle flow channel 6 can fully exchange heat with the gas, thereby improving the heat exchange efficiency.

[0046] Reference Figure 2 As shown, the outer flow channel 5, the middle flow channel 6 and the inner flow channel 7 are connected to form a flow passage, thereby extending the travel distance of the heat exchange medium in the flow passage, so that the heat exchange medium and the gas can fully exchange heat and improve the heat exchange efficiency.

[0047] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, in some embodiments of the present invention, a partition 31 is provided in the middle channel 6, which divides the middle channel 6 into a first middle channel 61 and a second middle channel 62.

[0048] Specifically, a baffle 31 is installed within the central flow channel 6 of the support plate 3. The baffle 31 divides the central flow channel 6 into a first central flow channel 61 and a second central flow channel 62, which are not interconnected. The heat exchange medium flows from the outer flow channel 5 into the second central flow channel 62, then enters the inner flow channel 7 from the second central flow channel 62. After exchanging heat with the combustion gas in the inner flow channel 7, it flows back into the first central flow channel 61 from the inner flow channel 7, and then flows back to the outer flow channel 5, exiting from the outlet 12 at the front end of the nozzle outer wall 1, thus completing the heat exchange. The baffle 31 prevents turbulence caused by the heat exchange medium flowing within the central flow channel 6 of the support plate 3, which would affect the heat exchange efficiency. Dividing the central flow channel 6 into the first central flow channel 61 and the second central flow channel 62 allows for directional flow of the heat exchange medium, extending its flow path and improving heat exchange efficiency.

[0049] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 4 As shown, in some embodiments of the present invention, the second intermediate flow channel 62 is provided with multiple baffles 32 that are staggered vertically, so that the second intermediate flow channel 62 is arranged in a zigzag shape.

[0050] Specifically, the function of the baffle 32 is to make the second intermediate flow channel 62 form a zigzag distribution, so as to extend the travel of the heat exchange medium in the second intermediate flow channel 62. When the gas flows in the outer bypass 4, it flows through the support plate 3, thereby enabling the heat exchange medium and the gas to exchange heat fully and improve the heat exchange efficiency.

[0051] Reference Figure 3As shown, in some embodiments of the present invention, the outflow channel 5 includes a first outflow channel 51 and a second outflow channel 52 that are not interconnected. The first outflow channel 51 is connected to the outlet 12, and the second outflow channel 52 is connected to the inlet 11.

[0052] The second outflow channel 52 is connected to the rear end of the inner flow channel 7 through the second middle flow channel 62, and the first outflow channel 51 is connected to the front end of the inner flow channel 7 through the first middle flow channel 61.

[0053] The heat exchange medium flows in from the inlet 11, passes through the second outflow channel 52, the second middle flow channel 62, the inner flow channel 7, the first middle flow channel 61 and the first outflow channel 51 in sequence, and then flows out from the outlet 12.

[0054] Specifically, the outflow channel 5 includes a first outflow channel 51 and a second outflow channel 52 that are not interconnected. Both the first outflow channel 51 and the second outflow channel 52 are located inside the pipe wall of the nozzle outer wall 1. With the position of the support plate 3 as the boundary, the first outflow channel 51 is located at the opposite front end of the support plate 3, and the second outflow channel 52 is located at the opposite rear end of the support plate 3. Since the inlet 11 is located at the rear end of the nozzle outer wall 1 and the outlet 12 is located at the front end of the nozzle outer wall 1, the first outflow channel 51 is connected to the outlet 12, and the second outflow channel 52 is connected to the inlet 11.

[0055] The two ends of the second intermediate flow channel 62 are connected to the rear end of the second outer flow channel 52 and the inner flow channel 7, respectively. The two ends of the first intermediate flow channel 61 are connected to the front end of the first outer flow channel 51 and the inner flow channel 7, respectively. Thus, when the heat exchange medium flows in from the inlet 11, it will flow through the second outer flow channel 52, the second intermediate flow channel 62, the inner flow channel 7, the first intermediate flow channel 61 and the first outer flow channel 51 in sequence under the action of the input pressure, and finally flow out from the outlet 12.

[0056] The second outflow channel 52, the second middle flow channel 62, the inner flow channel 7, the first middle flow channel 61, and the first outflow channel 51 form a flow channel. This flow channel is arranged on the outer wall 1, the support plate 3, and the inner wall 2 of the nozzle. When the heat exchange medium flows in the flow channel and the combustion gas flows in the outer bypass duct 4, heat exchange occurs between the heat exchange medium and the combustion gas through the pipe wall of the nozzle body, thus achieving heat exchange. The heat exchange medium and the combustion gas fully exchange heat, carrying away heat from the nozzle body, reducing the heat radiation of the nozzle body, and simultaneously extending the flow path of the heat exchange medium, further improving heat exchange efficiency. The flow channel composed of the second outflow channel 52, the second middle flow channel 62, the inner flow channel 7, the first middle flow channel 61, and the first outflow channel 51 forms a unidirectional flow channel from back to front, ensuring smooth flow of the heat exchange medium and preventing turbulence within the flow channel, which would affect heat exchange efficiency.

[0057] Reference Figure 5As shown, in some embodiments of the present invention, the inner flow channel 7 includes a first main flow pipe 71 and a second main flow pipe 72 both disposed inside the inner wall 2 of the nozzle, and a plurality of vertical flow branch pipes 73 adapted to connect the first main flow pipe 71 and the second main flow pipe 72. The second main flow pipe 72 is connected to the second middle flow channel 62, and the first main flow pipe 71 is connected to the first middle flow channel 61. The heat exchange medium flows into the second middle flow channel 52 through the second outer flow channel 52, flows through the second main flow pipe 72, the vertical flow branch pipes 73 and the first main flow pipe 71 in sequence, and flows from the first middle flow channel 61 to the first outer flow channel 51.

[0058] Specifically, the first main flow pipe 71 and the second main flow pipe 72 are arranged in a ring inside the inner wall of the nozzle 2. The first main flow pipe 71 is located at the front end of the inner wall of the nozzle 2, and the second main flow pipe 72 is located at the rear end of the inner wall of the nozzle 2. The first main flow pipe 71 is connected to the first intermediate flow channel 61, and the second main flow pipe 72 is connected to the second intermediate flow channel 62. The first main flow pipe 71 and the second main flow pipe 72 are connected by several vertical flow branch pipes 73. The heat exchange medium flows from the second intermediate flow channel 62 into the second main flow pipe 72, and then flows through the vertical flow branch pipes 73 from the first main flow pipe 71 into the first intermediate flow channel 61, thereby achieving cooling and heat exchange for the inner wall of the nozzle 2. The vertical flow branch pipes 73 are evenly spaced, thus providing uniform cooling for the inner wall of the nozzle 2. The spacing between the vertical flow branch pipes 73 can also increase gradually, exhibiting a regular distribution.

[0059] It is understood that the type of heat exchange medium is not a limitation of this invention. In some embodiments of this invention, the heat exchange medium is one of liquid nitrogen, liquid hydrogen, or liquid carbon dioxide. When the heat exchange medium is liquid before entering the flow channel, it gradually becomes gaseous / supercritical during the heat exchange process with the gas. When the diameter of the vertical branch pipe 73 is small, capillary action is formed to drive the flow of the heat exchange medium, thus preventing the heat exchange medium from being blocked in the flow channel and affecting the heat exchange efficiency.

[0060] Reference Figure 3 As shown, in some embodiments of the present invention, the first outflow channel 51 includes a first circulation pipe 511 and a second circulation pipe 512, both disposed inside the outer wall 1 of the nozzle, and a plurality of first vertical flow pipes 513 adapted to connect the first circulation pipe 511 and the second circulation pipe 512. The first circulation pipe 511 and the second circulation pipe 512 are distributed at intervals from the front end to the rear end along the axis of the outer wall 1 of the nozzle. The first circulation pipe 511 is connected to the outlet 12, and the second circulation pipe 512 is connected to the first middle flow channel 61. The plurality of first vertical flow pipes 513 are evenly distributed or regularly distributed along the circumference of the outer wall 1 of the nozzle.

[0061] It is understood that the first circulation pipe 511 is located at the opposite front end of the second circulation pipe 512, and the first vertical flow pipe 513 connects the first circulation pipe 511 and the second circulation pipe 512. After the heat exchange medium flows out from the first intermediate flow channel 61, it first enters the second circulation pipe 512, and then flows from the second circulation pipe 512 to each of the first vertical flow pipes 513. Finally, it converges in the first circulation pipe 511 and flows out from the outlet 12. The first vertical flow pipes 513 are evenly spaced along the circumference of the outer wall 1 of the nozzle, so as to uniformly cool the front end of the outer wall 1 of the nozzle.

[0062] The second outflow channel 52 includes a third circulation pipe 521 and a fourth circulation pipe 522, both disposed inside the outer wall 1 of the nozzle, and a plurality of second vertical flow pipes 523 connecting the third circulation pipe 521 and the fourth circulation pipe 522. The third circulation pipe 521 and the fourth circulation pipe 522 are distributed at intervals from the front end to the rear end. The third circulation pipe 521 is connected to the second middle flow channel 62, and the fourth circulation pipe 522 is connected to the inlet 11. The plurality of second vertical flow pipes 523 are evenly spaced or regularly distributed circumferentially along the outer wall 1 of the nozzle.

[0063] Understandably, the third circulation pipe 521 is located at the opposite front end of the fourth circulation pipe 522. The second vertical flow pipe 523 connects the third circulation pipe 521 and the fourth circulation pipe 522. When the heat exchange medium enters the fourth circulation pipe 522 from the inlet 11, it is diverted from the fourth circulation pipe 522 to each of the second vertical flow pipes 523, and then converges in the third circulation pipe 521, flowing from the third circulation pipe 521 into the second intermediate flow channel 62. The second vertical flow pipes 523 are evenly distributed on the outer wall 1 of the nozzle. When the heat exchange medium flows in the second outer flow channel 52, it exchanges heat with the combustion gas, thereby uniformly cooling the rear end of the outer wall 1 of the nozzle.

[0064] In some embodiments of the present invention, multiple flow channels are provided, and the number of flow channels is equal to the number of support plates 3.

[0065] Specifically, the flow channel consisting of the second outflow channel 52, the second middle flow channel 62, the inner flow channel 7, the first middle flow channel 61, and the first outflow channel 51 is provided with multiple channels. The number of flow channels is the same as the number of support plates 3, but the specific number is not a limitation of the present invention.

[0066] In some embodiments of the present invention, multiple flow channels are provided, and the multiple flow channels are periodically arranged along the circumference of the nozzle body.

[0067] Specifically, multiple flow channels are periodically distributed along the circumference of the nozzle body, making the cooling of the nozzle body more uniform.

[0068] The present invention also proposes an aero-engine, including a turbine and a microchannel type high-cooling exhaust nozzle mounted on the turbine.

[0069] A microchannel-type forced-cooling nozzle is installed at the rear end of the turbine, enabling convective forced heat exchange between the combustion gas and the heat exchange medium. This allows the heat of the combustion gas to be recovered and used for heating and combustion of low-temperature fuel. The flow passage suitable for the flow of the heat exchange medium is set inside the nozzle body wall, achieving an integrated design that reduces the weight of the overall component. In addition, through the heat exchange between the heat exchange medium and the combustion gas, the temperature of the nozzle body and the combustion gas are reduced, thereby reducing the infrared radiation of the nozzle, extending the service life of the nozzle, and improving the reliability of the engine.

[0070] Obviously, the above embodiments are merely illustrative examples for clear explanation and are not intended to limit the implementation. Those skilled in the art will recognize that other variations or modifications can be made based on the above description. It is neither necessary nor possible to exhaustively list all possible implementations here. However, obvious variations or modifications derived therefrom are still within the scope of protection of this invention.

Claims

1. A microchannel type forced cooling nozzle, characterized in that, include: The nozzle body has a flow channel in its pipe wall. The front end of the nozzle body has several outlets (12) that communicate with the flow channel. The rear end of the nozzle body has several inlets (11) that communicate with the flow channel. The gas flows from the front end to the rear end of the nozzle body through the pipe cavity. The heat exchange medium enters from the inlet (11), flows through the flow channel, and flows out from the outlet (12). The heat exchange medium flows relative to the gas to perform forced convection heat exchange. The nozzle body includes: The nozzle outer wall (1) has an external flow channel (5) inside. The inlet (11) is located at the rear end of the nozzle outer wall (1), and the outlet (12) is located at the front end of the nozzle outer wall (1). The inlet (11) and the outlet (12) are both connected to the external flow channel (5). The nozzle inner wall (2) is coaxially arranged with the nozzle outer wall (1), and an outer bypass channel (4) is formed between the nozzle outer wall (1) and the nozzle inner wall (2). An inner flow channel (7) is provided inside the nozzle inner wall (2). Support plate (3), the support plate (3) is disposed in the outer duct (4), the support plate (3) is adapted to connect the outer wall (1) of the nozzle and the inner wall (2) of the nozzle, and the support plate (3) is provided with a middle flow channel (6); The gas flows from the front end to the rear end of the outer duct (4). The outer flow channel (5), the middle flow channel (6) and the inner flow channel (7) are connected to form the flow passage. The heat exchange medium flows in from the inlet (11), flows through the outer flow channel (5), the middle flow channel (6) and the inner flow channel (7), and then flows out from the outlet (12).

2. The microchannel type forced cooling nozzle according to claim 1, characterized in that, The middle channel (6) is provided with a partition (31), which divides the middle channel (6) into a first middle channel (61) and a second middle channel (62).

3. The microchannel type forced cooling nozzle according to claim 2, characterized in that, The second middle flow channel (62) is provided with multiple baffles (32) that are staggered vertically, so that the second middle flow channel (62) is in a zigzag shape.

4. The microchannel type forced cooling nozzle according to claim 2, characterized in that, The outflow channel (5) includes a first outflow channel (51) and a second outflow channel (52) that are not connected to each other. The first outflow channel (51) is connected to the outlet (12), and the second outflow channel (52) is connected to the inlet (11). The second outflow channel (52) is connected to the rear end of the inner flow channel (7) through the second middle flow channel (62), and the first outflow channel (51) is connected to the front end of the inner flow channel (7) through the first middle flow channel (61); The heat exchange medium flows in from the inlet (11), flows through the second outflow channel (52), the second middle flow channel (62), the inner flow channel (7), the first middle flow channel (61) and the first outflow channel (51) in sequence, and then flows out from the outlet (12).

5. The microchannel type forced cooling nozzle according to claim 4, characterized in that, The inner flow channel (7) includes a first main flow pipe (71) and a second main flow pipe (72) both disposed inside the inner wall (2) of the nozzle, and a plurality of vertical flow branch pipes (73) suitable for connecting the first main flow pipe (71) and the second main flow pipe (72). The second main flow pipe (72) is connected to the second middle flow channel (62), and the first main flow pipe (71) is connected to the first middle flow channel (61). The heat exchange medium flows into the second middle flow channel (62) from the second outer flow channel (52), flows through the second main flow pipe (72), the vertical flow branch pipes (73) and the first main flow pipe (71) in sequence, and flows from the first middle flow channel (61) to the first outer flow channel (51).

6. The microchannel type forced cooling nozzle according to claim 5, characterized in that, The first outflow channel (51) includes a first circulation pipe (511) and a second circulation pipe (512) both disposed inside the outer wall (1) of the nozzle, and a plurality of first vertical flow pipes (513) adapted to connect the first circulation pipe (511) and the second circulation pipe (512). The first circulation pipe (511) and the second circulation pipe (512) are spaced apart from the front end to the rear end along the axis of the outer wall (1) of the nozzle. The first circulation pipe (511) is connected to the outlet (12), and the second circulation pipe (512) is connected to the first middle flow channel (61). The plurality of first vertical flow pipes (513) are evenly spaced along the circumference of the outer wall (1) of the nozzle. The second outflow channel (52) includes a third circulation pipe (521) and a fourth circulation pipe (522) both disposed inside the outer wall (1) of the nozzle, and a plurality of second vertical flow pipes (523) connecting the third circulation pipe (521) and the fourth circulation pipe (522). The third circulation pipe (521) and the fourth circulation pipe (522) are distributed at intervals from the front end to the rear end. The third circulation pipe (521) is connected to the second middle flow channel (62), and the fourth circulation pipe (522) is connected to the inlet (11). The plurality of second vertical flow pipes (523) are evenly distributed at intervals along the circumference of the outer wall (1) of the nozzle.

7. The microchannel type forced cooling nozzle according to claim 1, characterized in that, The flow passage is provided with multiple passages, and the number of flow passages is equal to the number of support plates (3).

8. The microchannel type forced cooling nozzle according to claim 1 or 7, characterized in that, The flow passage is provided with multiple channels, which are periodically arranged along the circumference of the nozzle body.

9. An aircraft engine, characterized in that, Includes a turbine, on which is mounted a microchannel type high-cooling exhaust nozzle as described in any one of claims 1 to 8.

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