Catamaran combined floating breakwater with integrated oscillating water column wave energy conversion device

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of integrated oscillating water column type wave energy conversion device's catamaran combination type floating breakwater, single section floating breakwater includes floating body structure and oscillating water column type wave power generation system;Floating body structure includes catamaran pontoon structure, catamaran float structure and underwater wave board;The upper portion of float is equipped with ballast tank, battery compartment and airflow duct, and the lower portion is equipped as first air chamber;Underwater wave board is installed in the lower end of float, forms second air chamber, and second air chamber is communicated with first air chamber and is jointly constituted air chamber structure;Air chamber structure is provided with water inlet in the direction perpendicular to wave incidence;Generator set is arranged in airflow duct, and airflow duct is communicated with external gas and air chamber structure.The catamaran of the present application not only can effectively enhance the weakening effect of floating breakwater to long-period wave, but also can be used twice to transmission wave and diffraction wave;The combination of underwater wave board and float improves the space of air chamber, and enhances the power generation efficiency of wave energy power generation device.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of wave energy generation and ocean engineering, and particularly relates to a double-hull combined floating breakwater integrated with an oscillating water column type wave energy conversion device. BACKGROUND

[0002] As a clean energy, wave energy has the advantages of no pollution, renewable, large reserves and wide distribution. Compared with renewable energy such as solar energy and wind energy, the energy density of wave energy is about 5 times that of wind energy and 15 times that of solar energy. At present, researchers have developed various wave energy generation devices to convert the kinetic and potential energy in waves into electrical energy. The main wave energy generation devices can be divided into oscillating water column type, oscillating body type and overtopping type. Among them, the oscillating water column type wave energy conversion device is widely used due to its simple structure, easy installation and maintenance, and strong adaptability. The basic principle is to use the fluctuation of sea waves to cause the oscillating movement of the water column in the air chamber, so that the air inside and outside the air chamber forms a pressure difference, thereby pushing the turbine at the top of the air chamber to rotate and drive the generator to generate electricity.

[0003] Traditional bottom-mounted breakwaters not only have high requirements for environmental factors such as seabed and water depth, but also have high construction costs and can affect the marine ecosystem. Therefore, how to effectively combine wave energy generation devices with floating breakwaters to realize the integration of wave dissipation and power generation is the research direction of many scholars in recent years. During the propagation of waves to the shore, part of the wave energy is lost during propagation. Therefore, if the wave energy generation device is placed too close to the shore, the capture rate of the wave energy generation device will be reduced. The floating breakwater is composed of a floating body and an anchoring system, and has the characteristics of flexible use, low cost and small impact on the ecological environment. The structural form of the floating breakwater can be divided into: floating box type, floating cylinder type and floating raft type. Among them, the box structure in the floating box type breakwater can be well combined with the air chamber of the oscillating water column type wave energy conversion device, and both have good adaptability, which lays the foundation for the development of wave dissipation and power generation integration of floating breakwaters.

[0004] A Chinese invention patent (CN110184993A) discloses a square box type floating breakwater with oscillating water column type wave power generation device, the main structure of which comprises oscillating water column type wave power generation device, square box type floating breakwater, wave protection net and mooring device. The patent can be arranged in the coastal, nearshore or offshore sea area, can effectively utilize the marine space, can reduce the influence of waves, can provide a stable water environment for the surrounding sea area, can convert wave energy into electric energy, and can reasonably utilize the marine wave energy resources. However, the patent has the following shortcomings in use: (1) the wave protection net arranged below the square box cannot effectively prevent wave diffraction, and the wave protection net is easily damaged in the marine environment; (2) the square box type floating breakwater adopts single body design, and the single body design has poor weakening ability for long period waves compared with double body design; (3) in the oscillating water column type wave power generation device, the size of the air chamber is crucial to the wave energy generation efficiency, and the space of the air chamber in the device is less than one fifth of the whole square box, so that the overall wave energy generation efficiency is low. SUMMARY

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present application is to provide a double body combined floating breakwater integrated with oscillating water column type wave power generation device, which adopts double body floating box design and is provided with underwater wave protection plate below the floating box, so as to effectively enhance the weakening effect of the floating breakwater on long period waves, and the wave power generation device in the rear floating box can also perform secondary utilization on transmitted waves and diffracted waves, and hinder the propagation of transmitted waves and diffracted waves. In addition, the combination of the underwater wave protection plate and the floating box greatly improves the space of the air chamber, enhances the power generation efficiency of the wave power generation device and the stability of the floating breakwater structure.

[0006] The technical scheme adopted by the present application to solve the above technical problems is as follows:

[0007] The application discloses a catamaran combined floating breakwater integrated with an oscillating water column type wave energy conversion device, which comprises a plurality of single-section floating breakwaters, and the whole floating breakwater is assembled by the single-section floating breakwaters according to actual sea conditions and protection requirements; the single-section floating breakwater comprises a floating body structure and an oscillating water column type wave energy generation system; the floating body structure comprises a catamaran float structure, a catamaran box structure and an underwater wave plate; the catamaran float structure comprises two symmetrically arranged floaters and a floater connecting rod for connecting the two floaters; the catamaran box structure comprises two symmetrically arranged boxes and a lateral connecting piece for connecting the two boxes, and the two boxes are respectively located at the outer sides of the two floaters; the end of the floater connecting rod is hinged to the middle of the lateral connecting piece; a plurality of ballast tanks, an electricity storage cabin and an airflow guide pipe are arranged on the upper part of the box, and the lower part of the box is provided as a first air chamber; the underwater wave plate is installed at the lower end of the box to form a second air chamber, and the second air chamber is communicated with the first air chamber to jointly form an air chamber structure; the air chamber structure is provided with a water inlet which is located below the sea level in the vertical direction of the wave incident direction; the oscillating water column type wave energy generation system comprises a generator set arranged in the airflow guide pipe, and the airflow guide pipe is communicated with external gas and the air chamber structure.

[0008] In the scheme, the cross section of the box is in an inverted trapezoidal shape, and the underwater wave plate is vertically arranged, so that the box and the underwater wave plate combine to form a structure with a Y-shaped cross section.

[0009] In the scheme, the airflow guide pipe is provided with a wire hole in the middle part, the electric energy generated by the generator set is connected with a storage board through the wire hole along the wire, and the storage board is arranged in the electricity storage cabin.

[0010] In the scheme, the floater is a horizontally arranged cylindrical barrel, and the floater connecting rod is arranged between the two floaters in the axial direction and fixedly connected with the floaters on the two sides.

[0011] In the scheme, the single-section floating breakwater further comprises an anchoring system, the anchoring system comprises four anchor chains which are arranged at the centers of the four barrel tops of the floaters respectively, and each anchor chain is provided with an anchor block at the bottom.

[0012] In the scheme, the lateral connecting piece has two parts which are arranged on the front and rear sides of the catamaran float structure respectively, the two ends of the lateral connecting piece are fixedly connected with the two boxes respectively, the middle part of the lateral connecting piece is connected with the end of the floater connecting rod through a limited movable hinge, and the movable angle of the movable hinge is limited within ±30°.

[0013] In the scheme, the water line of the floating breakwater is located at the bottom of the lateral connecting piece, and the water line is adjusted by the counterweight in the ballast tank.

[0014] In the scheme, the generator set comprises a bidirectional impact turbine and a generator, and the bidirectional impact turbine is connected with the generator by a linkage shaft.

[0015] In the scheme, the airflow guide pipes are cylindrical, and a plurality of airflow guide pipes are arranged, and one set of generator sets is arranged in each airflow guide pipe.

[0016] In the scheme, the single-section floating breakwater further comprises an assembling device arranged on the front and rear side plates of the floating box, and the single-section floating breakwaters are connected through the assembling device.

[0017] The present application has the following beneficial effects:

[0018] 1. In order to improve the wave dissipation effect of the floating breakwater under long-period waves and the power generation efficiency of the wave power generation device, the floating breakwater adopts a double-hull floating box design, which can effectively enhance the weakening effect of the floating breakwater on long-period waves, and the wave power generation device in the rear floating box can also utilize the transmitted waves and diffracted waves for secondary use and hinder the propagation of the transmitted waves and diffracted waves; the double-hull floating cylinder in the middle is used to provide buoyancy and hinder the propagation of the transmitted waves and diffracted waves; the underwater wave protection plate arranged at the bottom of the floating box can further enhance the weakening effect of the floating breakwater on long-period waves, and the underwater wave protection plate has high structural strength and is not easy to be damaged in complex marine environments. In addition, the combination of the underwater wave protection plate and the floating box greatly improves the space of the air chamber, which can effectively enhance the power generation efficiency of the wave power generation device.

[0019] 2. The cross section of the floating box is inverted trapezoidal, and the underwater wave protection plate is vertically arranged, so that the combination of the floating box and the underwater wave protection plate forms a structure with a cross section in the shape of "Y", which is beneficial to improve the stability of the floating breakwater structure.

[0020] 3. In the present application, the lateral connecting piece and the floating cylinder are connected by a limiting hinge, which allows the floating box and the lateral connecting piece to move within a certain range around the hinge point, preventing the lateral connecting piece from being damaged under the impact of huge waves and improving the ability of the floating breakwater to resist extreme sea conditions.

[0021] 4. The single-section floating breakwater can be assembled and adjusted according to the actual sea conditions and protection requirements, which can not only flexibly set the protection range of the floating breakwater according to the actual needs of the project, but also improve the overall wave energy capture of the floating breakwater.

[0022] 5. The oscillating water column wave energy conversion device and the floating breakwater are integrated in the present application, which can not only weaken the impact of sea waves on ports, marine structures and offshore fishing grounds, but also convert wave energy into electrical energy, realizing efficient utilization of marine energy. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0023] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. In the accompanying drawings:

[0024] Figure 1 This is a top view of the overall structure of the twin-body combined floating breakwater with integrated oscillating water column wave energy conversion device of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 2 This is an elevation view of a single-section floating breakwater in this invention;

[0026] Figure 3 This is a top view of the single-section floating breakwater in this invention;

[0027] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 Cross-sectional view along the AA direction;

[0028] Figure 5 yes Figure 3 Cross-sectional view along the BB direction.

[0029] In the diagram: 100, a single-section floating breakwater;

[0030] 11. Buoy; 12. Buoy extension rod; 13. Buoy box; 131. Ballast tank; 132. Battery storage tank; 133. Air duct; 134. First air chamber; 135. Ballast cover; 136. Inspection cover; 14. Lateral connector; 15. Underwater wave deflector; 151. Second air chamber; 16. Water inlet; 17. Movable hinge;

[0031] 21. Generator set;

[0032] 31. Anchor chain; 32. Anchor block;

[0033] 40. Assembler. Detailed Implementation

[0034] To provide a clearer understanding of the technical features, objectives, and effects of the present invention, specific embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0035] like Figure 1 As shown, a twin-body combined floating breakwater with an integrated oscillating water column wave energy conversion device is provided in an embodiment of the present invention. It includes several single-section floating breakwaters 100. The entire floating breakwater is assembled from several single-section floating breakwaters 100 according to the actual sea conditions and protection requirements.

[0036] like Figures 2-5As shown, each single-section floating breakwater 100 includes a floating structure, an oscillating water column wave energy generation system, and an anchoring system. The floating structure includes a twin-hull pontoon structure, a twin-hull pontoon structure, and an underwater wave shield 15. The twin-hull pontoon structure includes two symmetrically arranged pontoons 11 and pontoon connecting rods 12 for connecting the two pontoons 11. The twin-hull pontoon structure includes two symmetrically arranged pontoons 13 and lateral connecting members 14 for connecting the two pontoons 13, with the two pontoons 13 located on the outer sides of the two pontoons 11 respectively. The end of the pontoon connecting rod 12 is hinged to the middle of the lateral connecting member 14. The upper part of the pontoon 13 is equipped with... The system comprises several ballast tanks 131, energy storage tanks 132, and airflow ducts 133. A first air chamber 134 is located at the lower part of the pontoon 13. An underwater wave deflector 15 is installed at the lower end of the pontoon 13, forming a second air chamber 151. The second air chamber 151 communicates with the first air chamber 134, together forming an air chamber structure. An inlet 16 is provided in the air chamber structure perpendicular to the wave incidence direction (wave-facing side), and the upper end of the inlet 16 is below sea level. The waterline of the floating breakwater is located at the bottom of the lateral connector 14. The oscillating water column wave energy generation system includes a generator set 21 installed within the airflow duct 133, which connects external gas to the air chamber structure.

[0037] The floating breakwater of this invention has a central pontoon 11 that primarily provides buoyancy and impedes the propagation of transmitted and diffracted waves, achieving a wave-damping effect. The side pontoons 13 are combined with an oscillating water column wave energy generator to capture wave energy. The air chamber of the oscillating water column wave energy generator is located inside the pontoon 13, which has an inlet 16 in its wave-facing direction. Waves flow into the air chamber through the inlet 16, compressing the gas inside and causing it to move towards the airflow duct 133. As waves propagate towards the floating breakwater, the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the air chamber causes reciprocating airflow within the airflow duct 133, thereby driving the generator unit 21 within the airflow duct 133 to generate electricity. Specifically, when the wave crest approaches the front wall of the air chamber structure, seawater rushes into the air chamber structure, pushing the water level inside the air chamber structure up. The rising water level increases the air pressure inside the air chamber structure, causing the air in the air chamber structure to be discharged through the airflow duct 133. Since the airflow duct 133 is relatively narrow compared to the air chamber structure, the airflow is ejected at high speed through the airflow duct 133. When the wave trough approaches the front wall of the air chamber structure, the water level inside the air chamber structure drops, causing the air pressure inside the air chamber structure to decrease, causing outside air to enter the air chamber structure at high speed through the airflow duct 133. The reciprocating airflow driving the generator unit 21 within the airflow duct 133 to rotate, thereby converting mechanical energy into electrical energy. Therefore, this invention is a novel floating breakwater that combines wave damping and wave energy generation functions.

[0038] To ensure the floating breakwater to keep good stability under the action of waves, each floating breakwater adopts the mooring mode of multi-point catenary, and the mooring system thereof comprises four anchor chains 31 arranged at the centers of the top of the floating cylinders 11 respectively, and each anchor chain 31 is provided with an anchor block 32 at the bottom. Under the action of waves, the force borne by the floating body structure is conducted to the anchor blocks 32 through the anchor chains 31, and then conducted to the seabed by the anchor blocks 32. The anchor chain 31 is a flexible component which cannot bear bending moment, and under the action of self-weight, the anchor chain 31 freely hangs to form a catenary-like form, and the tail section of the anchor chain 31 is partially laid on the seabed.

[0039] The draft of the floating breakwater can be adjusted according to the actual sea conditions and the power generation efficiency of the wave energy after entering the water, and the draft of the floating breakwater is realized by adjusting the counterweight in the ballast tank 131.

[0040] Further optimization, in the embodiment, the cross section of the floating box 13 is inverted trapezoidal, and the underwater wave plate 15 is vertically arranged, so that the floating box 13 and the underwater wave plate 15 combine to form a structure with a cross section in the shape of "Y", which is beneficial to improve the stability of the floating breakwater structure. In addition, the combination of the floating box 13 and the underwater wave plate 15 greatly improves the space of the air chamber, which can effectively enhance the power generation efficiency of the wave energy power generation device.

[0041] Further optimization, in the embodiment, the underwater wave plate 15 has high structural strength and is not easy to be damaged in complex marine environment.

[0042] Further optimization, in the embodiment, the floating cylinder 11 is a horizontally arranged cylindrical cylinder, and the floating cylinder connecting rod 12 is arranged between the two floating cylinders 11 in the axial direction and fixedly connected with the two floating cylinders 11 on both sides.

[0043] Further optimization, in the embodiment, the lateral connecting piece 14 has two, which are arranged on the front and rear sides of the double-hull floating cylinder 11 structure respectively, and the two ends of the lateral connecting piece 14 are fixedly connected with the two floating boxes 13 respectively, and the middle part of the lateral connecting piece 14 is connected with the end part of the floating cylinder connecting rod 12 through the limiting movable hinge 17, and the allowable movement angle of the movable hinge 17 is limited within ±30°. In order to ensure the structural safety of the floating breakwater under extreme sea conditions, the connection between the floating cylinder connecting rod 12 and the lateral connecting piece 14 adopts a limiting hinged mode, which can prevent the floating breakwater from being damaged under the impact of huge waves. Under the action of waves, the floating cylinder 11 has a small movement amplitude due to the limitation of the anchor chain 31, and the floating boxes 13 on both sides move up and down around the movable hinge 17 in the middle of the lateral connecting piece 14. In order to ensure that the floating boxes 13 on both sides of the floating breakwater will not overturn under extreme sea conditions, the allowable movement angle of the movable hinge 17 is limited within ±30°, and the floating boxes 13 on both sides will gradually return to the original position after the waves subside.

[0044] Further optimization, in this embodiment, the generator set 21 includes a bidirectional impulse turbine and a generator, the bidirectional impulse turbine is connected with the generator by a linkage shaft, and the two are fixed on the inner wall of the airflow guide pipe 133 by a support. The main function of the bidirectional impulse turbine is to ensure that the airflow can push the runner to rotate in the same direction when the airflow enters and exits, so that the generator can maintain continuous and stable power output. The surface of the generator is provided with a waterproof cover to prevent the generator from being corroded by seawater.

[0045] Further optimization, in this embodiment, the airflow guide pipe 133 is provided with a wire hole in the middle, and the electric energy generated by the generator set 21 is connected with the storage board through the wire hole. The storage board is arranged in the power storage cabin 132 between the air chamber top plate and the external structure plate.

[0046] Further optimization, in this embodiment, three closed cabins are arranged between the air chamber top plate and the breakwater external top plate, which are the ballast tanks 131 on both sides and the power storage cabin 132 in the middle.

[0047] Further optimization, in this embodiment, the airflow guide pipe 133 is cylindrical, and each floating box 13 is provided with two airflow guide pipes 133, and a group of generators and bidirectional impulse turbines are arranged in each airflow guide pipe 133.

[0048] Further optimization, in this embodiment, the ballast tanks 131 and the power storage cabin 132 are respectively provided with a ballast cover 135 and a maintenance cover 136. When the floating breakwater is in normal use, the ballast cover 135 and the maintenance cover 136 are in a closed state. When the floating breakwater needs to adjust the draft depth or the storage board needs to be maintained due to failure, the ballast cover 135 and the maintenance cover 136 can be opened respectively to adjust and maintain the counterweight in the ballast tank 131 and the battery and circuit in the power storage cabin 132.

[0049] Further optimization, in this embodiment, the maintenance lamp is also arranged at the external top plate of the floating box 13, and the maintenance lamp is connected in series in the circuit of the generator. When the wave energy power generation system is in normal operation, the maintenance lamp emits light. Once the wave energy power generation system fails, the maintenance lamp will be extinguished. At this time, the maintenance personnel can maintain the equipment by opening the maintenance cover 136.

[0050] Further optimization, in this embodiment, the single-section floating breakwater 100 also includes an assembler 40 arranged on the front and rear side plates of the floating box 13, and adjacent single-section floating breakwaters 100 are connected through the assembler 40. The assembler 40 can adopt the form of a Jan-type car coupler. The double-body combined floating breakwater of the present application can expand the single-section floating breakwater 100 in the length direction according to the actual sea conditions and protection requirements of the local area, and the arrangement of the floating breakwater should be perpendicular to the direction of wave incidence, Figure 1The top view of the assembled six single-section floating breakwater 100, it is to be noted that the number of assembled floating breakwaters is not limited to six, and in this embodiment, only for reference. The overall structure of the multi-section floating breakwater can not only set the protection range of the floating breakwater flexibly according to the actual needs of the project, but also improve the overall capture of wave energy.

[0051] The various embodiments in the specification are described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referred to each other.

[0052] The embodiments of the present application are described above in combination with the drawings, but the present application is not limited to the above specific embodiments. The above specific embodiments are only illustrative, not restrictive. Those skilled in the art can make many forms under the inspiration of the present application without departing from the purpose of the present application and the scope protected by the claims. These are all within the protection of the present application.

Claims

1. A twin-body combined floating breakwater with an integrated oscillating water column wave energy conversion device, comprising several single-section floating breakwaters, the entire floating breakwater being assembled from the several single-section floating breakwaters according to actual sea conditions and protection requirements; characterized in that, The single-section floating breakwater includes a floating structure and an oscillating water column wave energy power generation system. The floating structure includes a twin-hull pontoon structure, a twin-hull pontoon structure, and an underwater wave deflector. The twin-hull pontoon structure includes two symmetrically arranged pontoons and pontoon connecting rods for connecting the two pontoons. Each pontoon is a horizontally positioned cylindrical body. The pontoon connecting rods are axially arranged between the two pontoons and fixedly connected to the pontoons on both sides. The twin-hull pontoon structure includes two symmetrically arranged pontoons and lateral connecting members for connecting the two pontoons. The two pontoons are located on the outer sides of the two pontoons. Two lateral connecting members are respectively located on the front and rear sides of the twin-hull pontoon structure, with both ends fixedly connected to the two pontoons. The lateral connector is connected to the end of the pontoon connecting rod via a restrictive hinge, and the allowable angle of the hinge is limited to ±30°. The upper part of the pontoon is provided with several ballast tanks, battery storage tanks, and airflow ducts, and the lower part of the pontoon is provided with a first air chamber. The underwater wave deflector is installed at the lower end of the pontoon to form a second air chamber, which is connected to the first air chamber to form an air chamber structure. The air chamber structure has a water inlet perpendicular to the wave incident direction, and the upper end of the water inlet is below the sea level. The cross-section of the pontoon is an inverted trapezoid, and the underwater wave deflector is vertically arranged, so that the pontoon and the underwater wave deflector are combined to form a Y-shaped cross-section structure. The oscillating water column wave energy power generation system includes a generator set installed in the airflow duct, which connects external gas to the air chamber structure.

2. The twin-body combined floating breakwater with the integrated oscillating water column wave energy conversion device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The airflow duct has an electrical wire hole in the middle. The electrical energy generated by the generator set passes through the electrical wire hole and is connected to the energy storage plate, which is located in the energy storage compartment.

3. The twin-body combined floating breakwater with the integrated oscillating water column wave energy conversion device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The single-section floating breakwater also includes an anchoring system, which consists of four anchor chains, each arranged at the center of the top of one of the four buoys; each anchor chain is fitted with an anchor block at its bottom.

4. The twin-body combined floating breakwater with the integrated oscillating water column wave energy conversion device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The waterline of the floating breakwater is located at the bottom of the lateral connector, and the waterline is adjusted by counterweights in the ballast tank.

5. The twin-body combined floating breakwater with the integrated oscillating water column wave energy conversion device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The generator set includes a bidirectional impulse turbine and a generator, with the bidirectional impulse turbine and the generator connected by a linkage shaft.

6. The twin-body combined floating breakwater with the integrated oscillating water column wave energy conversion device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The airflow duct is cylindrical, and multiple airflow ducts are provided, with a generator set arranged inside each airflow duct.

7. The twin-body combined floating breakwater with the integrated oscillating water column wave energy conversion device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The single-section floating breakwater also includes an assembler installed on the front and rear side plates of the pontoon, and adjacent single-section floating breakwaters are connected by the assembler.

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