Integrated grate garbage gasification combustion furnace

Abstract

The present application relates to garbage disposal technical field, specifically disclose integrated grate garbage gasification combustion furnace, including drying gasification chamber and burning chamber, drying gasification chamber is equipped with push material platform and integrated grate body, integrated grate body includes two edge beam components, integrated fixed grate and integrated movable grate, the first end of edge beam component extends into the below of push material platform, the distance between the first end of integrated movable grate and push material platform is greater than the moving stroke of integrated movable grate, edge beam component is equipped with primary air channel for supplying air to integrated fixed grate, the tail end of integrated grate body is equipped with vertical partition wall and inclined refractory wall, the bottom of refractory wall is hinged with isolation flap, the isolation flap is vertically arranged and forms closed triangular area with partition wall and refractory wall to separate burning chamber and integrated movable grate. The present application can solve the technical problems of uneven heat distribution in the existing technology furnace, low utilization rate of heat, low heat conversion efficiency, limited garbage pyrolysis gasification and burning efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of waste treatment technology, specifically to an integrated grate waste gasification combustion furnace. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, commonly used waste treatment methods include incineration, landfill, composting, and recycling. Among these conventional waste treatment technologies, waste incineration technology, as an effective means to achieve the reduction, harmlessness, and resource recovery of municipal solid waste, has been increasingly widely used. The main equipment for waste incineration technology includes grate furnaces and fluidized bed furnaces. With the rise in living standards, the calorific value of waste has also increased. Grate furnaces, due to their rigorous feeding system and stable operating hours, can process waste more efficiently, thus occupying the majority of the waste incineration market share.

[0003] Direct incineration of waste produces highly toxic and carcinogenic substances such as dioxins and furans, as well as harmful substances like HCl, SOx, and NOx. These pollutants, when released into the flue gas, cause severe environmental pollution. Reducing emissions requires the consumption of large amounts of activated carbon, quicklime, and ammonia during flue gas treatment, significantly increasing waste disposal costs. Therefore, the industry has researched waste gasification technology. This technology directly heats waste in an oxygen-deficient or low-steam atmosphere at high temperatures, generating combustible gas with a certain calorific value. This combustible gas is then used for power generation or heating. Compared to traditional waste incinerators, which directly burn waste, waste gasification incinerators, incorporating gasification technology, effectively suppress the formation of pollutants such as dioxins and nitrogen oxides during combustion, thus reducing pollutant emissions at the source.

[0004] For example, the two-stage waste incinerator with authorization announcement number CN101922715B includes a furnace body, a pusher, a primary air chamber, side beams, fixed crossbeams, fixed grate bars, movable crossbeams, and movable grate bars. The tail end of the furnace body is provided with a slag removal port. The front and rear parts of the top of the furnace body are respectively provided with a feeding bin and a flue gas outlet. A pushing platform is provided below the feeding bin, and a pusher is provided above the pushing platform. The fixed crossbeams installed on the side beams pass through the slots at the tail end of the same row of fixed grate bars to form a fixed grate plate. The movable crossbeams installed on the tie rods pass through the slots at the tail end of the same row of movable grate bars to form a movable grate plate. The movable grate plates and the fixed grate plates overlap front and back and are arranged alternately to form a grate. The heads of both the fixed grate bars and the movable grate bars are provided with primary air holes that communicate with the primary air chamber.

[0005] However, the aforementioned existing technologies still have the following problems in practical applications:

[0006] 1. Biochemical waste is a mixture with large size differences, and there is a growing demand for co-processing of waste that can be treated by thermal conversion. Therefore, the loosening, stirring, and conveying of waste in the furnace drying and pyrolysis gasification process are still key technologies.

[0007] 2. Drying, gasifying, and burning waste in the same furnace can lead to uneven heat distribution and low heat utilization due to the different temperatures required for drying, gasifying, and burning. The heat conversion processes affect each other, making process control difficult and resulting in low heat conversion efficiency and difficulty in controlling secondary pollutants. This limits the efficiency of waste pyrolysis, gasification, and burning.

[0008] 3. The size difference of the semi-coke bottom ash after pyrolysis and gasification is significantly reduced, resulting in obvious volume and weight reduction. Therefore, the stacking is relatively dense, requiring less combustion space. However, the permeability is poor, and the combustion is mainly concentrated on residual char, which releases heat. Therefore, the key technical point is to effectively supply oxygen to the semi-coke bottom ash for combustion and heat release.

[0009] 4. The primary air supply is entirely provided by the primary air chamber below. The primary air can even enter the furnace through the gaps between the grate bars, resulting in a dispersed primary air supply. The heat near the waste material layer is easily carried by the primary air and flows quickly into the furnace, affecting the drying and combustion effect of the waste material layer.

[0010] 5. As the outer structure of the grate, the heat generated by the combustion of waste on the grate is easily dissipated outward through the side beams, which also leads to a higher working temperature of the side beams. This causes significant damage to the steel structure of the grate side beams or partition beams, reducing the service life of the gasification combustion furnace. Summary of the Invention

[0011] The present invention aims to provide an integrated grate waste gasification combustion furnace to solve the technical problems of uneven heat distribution in the furnace, low heat utilization rate, and low thermal conversion efficiency in the prior art, which lead to limited efficiency in waste pyrolysis gasification and combustion.

[0012] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0013] An integrated grate waste gasification combustion furnace includes a furnace shell and a feed hopper connected to the head of the furnace shell. A pushing platform is provided at the connection between the feed hopper and the furnace shell, and a pusher is provided on the top of the pushing platform. The furnace shell contains a drying gasification chamber and a combustion chamber. The combustion chamber is located below the drying gasification chamber, and the discharge end of the drying gasification chamber is connected to the feed end of the combustion chamber. A slag removal port is provided at the bottom of the combustion chamber. An integrated grate body is provided inside the drying gasification chamber. The integrated grate body includes two side beam assemblies and an integrated fixed grate and an integrated movable grate disposed between the two side beam assemblies. The integrated fixed grate is fixedly connected to the side beam assemblies, and the integrated movable grate is slidably connected to the side beam assemblies along the material conveying direction. A drive assembly for driving the integrated movable grate to move is provided below the pushing platform. The head end of the side beam assembly extends into the lower part of the pushing platform and is fixed, and the distance between the head end of the integrated movable grate and the pushing platform is greater than the travel distance of the integrated movable grate.

[0014] Preferably, as an improvement, the integrated fixed grate includes several fixed grate plates fixedly connected to the side beam assembly, and the integrated movable grate includes several movable support plates arranged side by side. The movable support plates are located below the fixed grate plates, and a movable grate plate connects two adjacent movable support plates. The fixed grate plates and movable grate plates are arranged alternately along the conveying direction. The side beam assembly is provided with a support and guide assembly for supporting and guiding the sliding of the integrated movable grate. Both the fixed grate plate and the movable grate plate include several grate heads, including high grate heads and low grate heads. The high grate heads and low grate heads are arranged alternately along the length direction of the fixed grate plate and the movable grate plate. The grate heads are wedge-shaped truncated pyramids with inclined front, back, top surface and two sides. The front of the high grate head and the low grate head are flush and the back is staggered.

[0015] Preferably, as an improvement, the side beam assembly is provided with a primary air channel, the bottom of the integrated grate body is provided with a primary air chamber, the fixed grate plate and the movable grate plate are provided with a primary air cavity along the length direction, the back of the grate head of the fixed grate plate and the movable grate plate are provided with an air outlet that communicates with the primary air cavity, the primary air cavity of the fixed grate plate is connected to the primary air channel at both ends of the fixed grate plate, and the movable support plate is provided with an air inlet corresponding to the position of the movable grate plate, one end of the air inlet is connected to the primary air cavity of the movable grate plate, and the other end of the air inlet is connected to the primary air chamber.

[0016] Preferably, as an improvement, the drive assembly includes a hydraulic linkage mechanism and a drive truss connected to the output end of the hydraulic linkage mechanism, the drive truss being fixedly connected to the bottom of the movable support plate; the support guide assembly includes a support guide seat connected to the side beam assembly, the support guide seat having guide rollers that guide the drive truss from the side and support rollers that support the drive truss from the bottom rotatably connected to the support guide seat.

[0017] Preferably, as an improvement, a vertical partition wall is provided between the two side walls of the furnace shell, with the top of the partition wall flush with the top of the tail end of the side beam assembly; an inclined refractory wall is also provided between the two side walls of the furnace shell, with the top of the refractory wall extending between the two side beam assemblies, and the bottom of the refractory wall corresponding to the bottom of the partition wall; a rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the bottom of the partition wall, and an isolation flap is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft; a rotating drive component is provided on the furnace shell for driving the rotating shaft to rotate around the axis; when the isolation flap is in a vertical state, the bottom of the isolation flap abuts against the side wall of the refractory wall, at which time the partition wall, the isolation flap, and the refractory wall separate the combustion chamber from the drive truss and the integrated movable grate.

[0018] Preferably, as an improvement, a main shaft seat is provided near the tail between the two side beam assemblies, a main shaft is rotatably connected to the main shaft seat, a material layer height adjustment baffle is fixedly connected to the main shaft, and an adjustment drive component for driving the main shaft to rotate around the axis is provided on the furnace shell; an air passage is opened axially inside the main shaft, and air inlets communicating with the air passage are opened at both ends of the main shaft. The air inlets are also connected with the primary air passage provided in the side beam assembly, and several air outlets communicating with the air passage are opened axially at the bottom of the main shaft.

[0019] Preferably, as an improvement, the rear arch of the furnace shell is recessed into the drying and gasification chamber as a whole, and the tail end of the rear arch is in a horizontal state to form a horizontal section, with an arc transition section provided between the horizontal section and the vertical tail wall of the furnace shell.

[0020] Preferably, as an improvement, the furnace shell on the rear side of the combustion chamber is provided with an inclined surface, and an upward-sloping primary air hole is provided on the inclined surface. The furnace shell on the front side of the combustion chamber is also provided with an upward-sloping primary air hole at the corresponding position of the inclined surface. Secondary air holes are provided on the front arch and rear arch of the furnace shell, and tertiary air holes are provided on the part of the furnace shell near the flue gas outlet. Ignition and combustion aid holes are provided on the tail wall, rear arch and near the flue gas outlet of the furnace shell.

[0021] Preferably, as an improvement, the bottom of the primary air chamber is connected to a spiral slag discharger, and an air chamber ash and slag inlet is opened on the furnace shell on the front side of the combustion chamber. The discharge end of the spiral slag discharger is connected to the combustion chamber through the air chamber ash and slag inlet.

[0022] Preferably, as an improvement, both ends of the movable support plate are provided with positioning steps, and the positioning steps of two adjacent movable support plates are combined to form a dovetail groove structure to clamp and fix the movable grate plate; the side beam assembly includes a box beam and a closed side beam that are vertically overlapped. The box beam and the closed side beam are hollow inside and their tail ends are connected to each other to form a primary air channel. Multiple insertion holes are opened along the length direction on the side wall of the box beam near the fixed grate plate. The primary air cavity passes through both ends of the fixed grate plate, and the end of the fixed grate plate is inserted into the insertion hole to realize the connection between its primary air cavity and the primary air channel.

[0023] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0024] The integrated grate waste gasification combustion furnace of this invention adopts a two-chamber structure, with the drying gasification chamber and the combustion chamber respectively located in different chambers within the same furnace shell. Compared to the existing single-chamber structure, this further improves the control level of secondary pollutants (dioxins, nitrogen oxides, etc.), refines the process control, thereby increasing heat utilization and reducing the mutual influence of the thermal conversion process to improve thermal conversion efficiency. Furthermore, the integrated grate used in this invention to transport waste in the drying gasification chamber effectively improves the loosening, stirring, and conveying effects during waste drying and pyrolysis gasification, which is beneficial for meeting the co-processing requirements when using thermal conversion methods to treat waste. Specific analysis is as follows:

[0025] 1. This design places the combustion chamber below the drying and gasification chamber, which reduces the overall length of the furnace shell and thus the floor space required. The rear arch of the furnace shell is recessed into the drying and gasification chamber, and the tail end of the rear arch is horizontal, forming a horizontal section. An arc transition section is set between the horizontal section and the vertical tail wall of the furnace shell. The high-temperature flue gas (900~1000℃) generated by combustion in the middle section of the combustion chamber carries a small amount of oxygen upward. Guided by the arc transition section and the horizontal section, the high-temperature flue gas generated by the combustion chamber flows horizontally into the drying and gasification chamber, disturbing the syngas in the material layer of the drying and gasification chamber, which is beneficial to waste gasification and flue gas reforming. Furthermore, the upward movement of the high-temperature flue gas heats the furnace shell, which can provide thermal radiation for the pyrolysis and gasification of waste, thereby improving the efficiency of waste pyrolysis and gasification.

[0026] 2. This design sets the furnace shell behind the combustion chamber as an inclined surface, which conforms to the volume reduction law during waste combustion. The structure of the combustion chamber, in conjunction with the volume change of the semi-coke bottom ash, can improve the boundary effect of the advanced combustion of the semi-coke bottom ash in the front area of ​​the combustion chamber and stabilize the combustion process of the semi-coke bottom ash in the combustion chamber. In addition, this design opens an upward-sloping primary air hole on the furnace shell at the inclined surface, and also opens an upward-sloping primary air hole at the corresponding position on the furnace shell in front of the combustion chamber. The combustion air enters the combustion chamber through the primary air hole and penetrates the semi-coke bottom ash at an upward angle, which can enhance the combustion intensity and speed inside the semi-coke bottom ash and effectively prevent incomplete combustion and insufficient heat loss on ignition in the central area of ​​the semi-coke bottom ash. Combined with the inclined surface of the furnace shell behind the combustion chamber reducing the width of the semi-coke bottom ash, it makes it easier for the combustion air to penetrate the semi-coke bottom ash.

[0027] 3. This scheme sets up an independent combustion chamber to burn off the semi-coke bottom ash. There is no grate structure in the combustion chamber to loosen and stir the waste. The semi-coke bottom ash can maintain a relatively static combustion state in the combustion chamber, which greatly reduces the amount of fly ash carried by the flue gas. At the same time, it can also accumulate heat, which is conducive to the high-temperature combustion of residual carbon in the ash and slag, further reducing the loss on ignition.

[0028] 4. In this solution, the first end of the side beam assembly is extended into and fixed below the pushing platform, and the distance between the first end of the integrated movable grate and the pushing platform is set to be greater than the travel distance of the integrated movable grate. Compared with the existing technology that fixes the first end of the side beam to the discharge end of the pushing platform, the structural setting of this solution can provide sufficient movement space for the drive assembly and the integrated movable grate, ensuring that the integrated movable grate works in conjunction with the integrated fixed grate to effectively transport, loosen, and mix the waste, thereby effectively ensuring the drying and gasification effect of the waste.

[0029] 5. This solution uses several integrated movable grate plates and several movable support plates to form an integral, fully enclosed integrated movable grate. Combined with several integrated fixed grate plates, the bottom of the integrated fixed grate completely shields the upper waste layer. This effectively blocks almost all ash and unburned small particles produced by the combustion of the waste layer, minimizing ash and air leakage. It effectively prevents moving parts from jamming due to ash leakage, ensuring stable operation of the integrated movable grate over long periods. The overall structure of the integrated grate body in this solution is superior to existing technologies, offering better load-bearing capacity for the waste layer. Whether it's the fixed grate plate, movable grate plate, or movable support plate individually or as a whole, the stress distribution is more uniform compared to existing technologies. Therefore, it is less prone to damage during operation and avoids the grate plate breakage problem found in existing grate structures, resulting in a longer service life for the integrated grate body.

[0030] 6. This solution vertically overlaps the box girder and the closed side beam to form a side beam assembly. The interior of the box girder and the closed side beam are hollow and interconnected at their tail ends to form a primary air channel. During the flow of primary air within the primary air channel, it can absorb excess heat from the reaction of the waste material layer in the drying and gasification chamber. This not only reduces heat diffusion outward through the furnace shell, thus minimizing negative impacts on the external environment, but also effectively controls the operating temperature of the side beam assembly, protecting the steel structure of the side beam assembly. This solves the problem of high temperature affecting the strength and rigidity of the side beam steel structure in existing technologies, and helps extend the service life of the overall waste gasification combustion furnace. In addition, the primary air enters the primary air chambers of each fixed girder plate sequentially from the tail end to the head end of the integrated fixed girder through the primary air channel, and then supplies air to the drying and gasification chamber through the air outlet, realizing heat recovery and reuse. It can also effectively control the oxygen supply during the drying and gasification stages, and the waste material layer located at the head end of the integrated girder body can come into contact with the relatively high-temperature primary air, which can improve the drying effect of the waste material layer.

[0031] 7. This scheme uses several grate heads arranged at different heights along a direction perpendicular to the material conveying direction, forming a fixed grate plate and a movable grate plate in one piece. The grate heads are wedge-shaped truncated pyramids with inclined front, back, top, and two sides. The front of the grate head is flush, while the back is staggered. The air outlet is opened on the back of the grate head, so the primary air blown from the air outlet enters the waste material layer in an alternating manner. This ensures that all parts of the waste material layer are in full contact with the primary air and also creates a certain loosening and mixing effect on the waste material layer, thereby improving the drying and gasification effect of the waste material layer.

[0032] 8. This scheme sets up a vertical partition wall and an inclined refractory wall between the two side walls of the furnace shell, with the top of the partition wall flush with the top of the tail end of the side beam assembly. The top of the refractory wall extends between the two side beam assemblies, and the bottom of the refractory wall is opposite to the bottom of the partition wall. When the isolation flap connected to the bottom of the partition wall is in a vertical state, the bottom of the isolation flap abuts against the side wall of the refractory wall. At this time, the partition wall, the isolation flap, and the refractory wall form a triangular area closed on both sides, which can separate the combustion chamber from the drive truss and the integrated movable grate, so as to avoid the high-temperature flue gas generated in the combustion chamber from affecting the steel structure of the drive truss and the integrated movable grate, which is conducive to ensuring the service life of the drive truss and the movable grate. When a certain amount of bottom ash accumulates in the triangular area, the rotary drive drives the isolation flap to rotate into the combustion chamber, and discharges the bottom ash accumulated in the triangular area into the combustion chamber. It should be noted that, in order to avoid motion interference, the isolation flap should be rotated by the rotary drive during the gap when the integrated movable grate moves towards the pushing platform to discharge ash.

[0033] 9. In this solution, a material layer height adjustment baffle is installed near the tail end of the side beam assembly. When the integrated grate body is tilted and the tilt angle is greater than 20°, the height of the waste material layer on the integrated grate body can be flexibly adjusted by adjusting the tilt angle of the material layer height adjustment baffle, thereby effectively controlling the waste treatment efficiency.

[0034] 10. This solution connects a spiral slag discharger to the bottom of the primary air chamber and connects the discharge end of the spiral slag discharger to the combustion chamber. In this way, a small amount of ash and small particles of waste that fall into the primary air chamber through the structural gaps during the waste drying and gasification process can be transported into the combustion chamber by the spiral slag discharger for combustion treatment. On the one hand, this can prevent ash and small particles of waste from accumulating in the primary air chamber and affecting the normal air supply of the primary air chamber. On the other hand, it can also effectively improve the waste treatment rate. Attached Figure Description

[0035] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the grate body.

[0037] Figure 3 for Figure 2 A magnified schematic diagram of the structure at point E in the middle.

[0038] Figure 4 for Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the connection structure between the movable grate plate and the movable support plate.

[0039] Figure 5 for Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of section AA.

[0040] Figure 6 for Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the structure of the fixed grate plate in the middle.

[0041] Figure 7 for Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of the BB section.

[0042] Figure 8 for Figure 1 Enlarged schematic diagram of the structure at point F.

[0043] Figure 9 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the CC section.

[0044] Figure 10 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the DD section.

[0045] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure at the fixed grate plate in Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0046] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the movable grate plate in Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0047] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the material layer height adjustment baffle in Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0048] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of Embodiment 3 of the present invention.

[0049] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of Embodiment 4 of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0050] The following detailed description illustrates the specific implementation method:

[0051] The reference numerals in the accompanying drawings include: furnace shell 1, side wall 11, partition wall 12, refractory wall 13, rotating shaft 14, isolation flap 15, rotating drive component 16, drive cylinder 161, drive rocker arm 162, front arch 17, rear arch 18, horizontal section 181, tail wall 19, arc transition section 191, flue gas outlet 2, secondary air hole 21, tertiary air hole 22, ignition and combustion aid hole 23, feed hopper 3, pushing platform 31, pusher 32, drying and gasification chamber 4, combustion chamber 5, slag removal port 51, inclined surface 52, primary air hole 53, air chamber ash and slag inlet 54, integrated grate body 6, side beam assembly 61, box beam 611, closed side beam 612. 613 Primary air duct, 62 fixed grate plate, 621 connector, 63 movable grate plate, 64 movable support plate, 641 positioning step, 651 high grate head, 652 low grate head, 66 primary air chamber, 67 primary air cavity, 68 air outlet, 69 air inlet, 7 drive assembly, 71 hydraulic linkage mechanism, 72 drive truss, 8 support guide assembly, 81 support guide seat, 82 guide roller, 83 support roller, 91 main shaft seat, 92 main shaft, 93 material layer height adjustment baffle, 94 adjustment drive component, 941 adjustment cylinder, 942 adjustment rocker arm, 95 air duct, 96 air inlet, 97 air outlet, 10 spiral slag remover.

[0052] Example 1

[0053] Integrated grate waste gasification combustion furnace, as attached Figures 1 to 10 As shown, the furnace includes a furnace shell 1 and a feed hopper 3 connected to the head of the furnace shell 1. A pushing platform 31 is installed at the connection between the feed hopper 3 and the furnace shell 1. A pusher 32 is bolted to the top of the pushing platform 31. The pusher 32 is existing technology and will not be described in detail in this embodiment. The top of the furnace shell 1 is an arched structure with a flue gas outlet 2 at the top of the arch. Secondary air holes 21 are opened on the front arch 17 and the rear arch 18 of the furnace shell 1. Tertiary air holes 22 are opened on the part of the furnace shell 1 near the flue gas outlet 2. Ignition and combustion aid holes 23 are opened on the tail wall 19, the rear arch 18 and the part near the flue gas outlet 2 of the furnace shell 1. An inclined surface 52 is provided on the rear side of the combustion chamber 5 of the furnace shell 1. An inclined primary air hole 53 is opened on the inclined surface 52. An inclined primary air hole 53 is also opened on the front side of the furnace shell 1 of the combustion chamber 5 at the position corresponding to the inclined surface 52. The rear arch 18 of the furnace shell 1 is recessed into the drying and gasification chamber 4 as a whole, and the tail end of the rear arch 18 is in a horizontal state to form a horizontal section 181. An arc transition section 191 is provided between the horizontal section 181 and the vertical tail wall 19 of the furnace shell 1.

[0054] The furnace shell 1 contains a drying and gasification chamber 4 and a combustion chamber 5. The combustion chamber 5 is located below the drying and gasification chamber 4, and the discharge end of the drying and gasification chamber 4 is connected to the feed end of the combustion chamber 5. A slag removal port 51 is located at the bottom of the combustion chamber 5, and the combustion chamber 5 is connected to a slag discharger at the slag removal port 51. An integrated grate body 6 is installed inside the drying and gasification chamber 4. The integrated grate body 6 includes two side beam assemblies 61, and an integrated fixed grate and an integrated movable grate connected between the two side beam assemblies 61. The integrated fixed grate is fixedly connected to the side beam assemblies 61, and the integrated movable grate is slidably connected to the side beam assemblies 61 along the material conveying direction. Figure 2 As shown, a drive assembly 7 for driving the integrated movable grate is installed below the pusher platform 31. The first end of the side beam assembly 61 extends into the bottom of the pusher platform 31 and is fixed thereunder. The distance between the first end of the integrated movable grate and the pusher platform 31 is greater than the travel distance of the integrated movable grate.

[0055] Several such as are installed at the bottom of the integrated grate body 6 Figure 1 The primary air chamber 66 shown has a spiral slag discharger connected to its bottom. The furnace shell 1 on the front side of the combustion chamber 5 has openings such as... Figure 10 The ash inlet 54 of the air chamber shown is connected to the combustion chamber 5 via the discharge end of the screw conveyor. Figure 5 and Figure 7 As shown, the side beam assembly 61 includes a box beam 611 and a closed side beam 612 that are vertically fixed together by bolts. Both the box beam 611 and the closed side beam 612 are hollow inside, and their tail ends are interconnected to form a structure resembling... Figure 2 The primary air duct 613 shown has multiple slots along its length on the side wall of the box girder 611 near the integrated fixed grate, and the slots are connected to the primary air duct 613.

[0056] Combination Figures 2 to 7As shown, the integrated fixed grate includes several fixed grate plates 62 fixedly connected to the side beam assembly 61, and the integrated movable grate includes several movable support plates 64 arranged side by side. The movable support plates 64 are located below the fixed grate plates 62, and a movable grate plate 63 connects two adjacent movable support plates 64. The fixed grate plates 62 and movable grate plates 63 are arranged alternately along the conveying direction. Specifically, positioning steps 641 are opened at the top of both ends of the support plates, and the positioning steps 641 of two adjacent movable support plates 64 combine to form a dovetail groove structure to clamp and fix the movable grate plate 63. Both the fixed grate plate 62 and the movable grate plate 63 include several grate heads, including a high grate head 651 and a low grate head 652. The high grate head 651 and the low grate head 652 are alternately arranged along the length of the fixed grate plate 62 and the movable grate plate 63. Both the high grate head 651 and the low grate head 652 are wedge-shaped quadrangular frustums with inclined front, back, top surface and two sides. The front of the high grate head 651 and the low grate head 652 are flush and the back is staggered.

[0057] Both the fixed grate plate 62 and the movable grate plate 63 have primary air chambers 67 formed along their length. The back of both the high grate head 651 and the low grate head 652 of the fixed grate plate 62 and the movable grate plate 63 have air outlets 68 that communicate with the primary air chambers 67. The fixed grate plate 62 has integrally formed connectors 621 at both ends. The primary air chambers 67 of the fixed grate plate 62 pass through the connectors 621 at both ends of the fixed grate plate 62. The connectors 621 are inserted into the slots of the box beam 611 to achieve a fixed connection between the fixed grate plate 62 and the box beam 611, and to connect the primary air chambers 67 of the fixed grate plate 62 with the primary air channel 613. The movable support plate 64 has air inlets 69 corresponding to the position of the movable grate plate 63. One end of the air inlet 69 communicates with the primary air chamber 67 of the movable grate plate 63, and the other end communicates with the primary air chamber 66.

[0058] like Figure 2 As shown, the drive assembly 7 includes a hydraulic linkage mechanism 71 and a drive truss 72 connected to the output end of the hydraulic linkage mechanism 71. The drive truss 72 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the movable support plate 64. A support guide assembly 8 for supporting and guiding the sliding of the integrated movable grate is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the closed side beam 612. The support guide assembly 8 includes a support guide seat 81 fixedly connected to the closed side beam 612. The top of the support guide seat 81 is L-shaped. A guide roller 82 is rotatably connected to the vertical side of the support guide seat 81. The guide roller 82 guides the drive truss 72 from the side. A support roller 83 is rotatably connected to the horizontal side of the support guide seat 81. The support roller 83 supports the drive truss 72 from the bottom.

[0059] Combination Figure 1 , Figure 8 and Figure 10 As shown, a vertical partition wall 12 is fixedly connected between the two side walls 11 of the furnace shell 1, and the top of the partition wall 12 is flush with the top of the tail end of the side beam assembly 61. An inclined refractory wall 13 is also fixedly connected between the two side walls 11 of the furnace shell 1, and the top of the refractory wall 13 extends between the two side beam assemblies 61. The bottom of the refractory wall 13 corresponds to the bottom of the partition wall 12. A rotating shaft 14 is rotatably connected to the bottom of the partition wall 12, and an isolation flap 15 is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft 14. A rotary drive component 16 is installed on the furnace shell 1 to drive the rotating shaft 14 to rotate around its axis. The rotary drive component 16 includes a drive cylinder 161 and a drive rocker arm 162 connected to the output end of the drive cylinder 161. When the isolation flap 15 is in a vertical position, the bottom end of the isolation flap 15 abuts against the side wall of the fireproof wall 13. At this time, the partition wall 12, the isolation flap 15 and the fireproof wall 13 separate the combustion chamber 5 from the drive truss 72 and the integrated movable grate.

[0060] like Figure 9 As shown, a main shaft seat 91 is installed near the tail between the two side beam assemblies 61. A main shaft 92 is rotatably connected to the main shaft seat 91. A material layer height adjustment baffle 93 is fixedly connected to the main shaft 92. An adjustment drive component 94 for driving the main shaft 92 to rotate around its axis is installed on the furnace shell 1. The adjustment drive component 94 includes an adjustment cylinder 941 and an adjustment rocker arm 942 connected to the output end of the adjustment cylinder 941. An air passage 95 is opened axially inside the main shaft 92. Air inlets 96 communicating with the air passages 95 are opened at both ends of the main shaft 92. The main shaft 92 is inserted into the box beam 611 so that the air inlets 96 communicate with the primary air passage 613. Several air outlets 97 communicating with the air passages 95 are opened axially at the bottom of the main shaft 92.

[0061] The specific implementation process is as follows:

[0062] (1) Furnace start-up and drying: Waste is fed into the furnace shell 1 through the feed hopper 3. The pusher 32 pushes the waste repeatedly at the first gear, accumulating it on the pusher platform 31 to seal the feed inlet of the furnace shell 1. Waste continues to be fed into the feed hopper 3, and the pusher 32 continues to push the waste at the first gear. The waste in the pusher platform 31 moves to the right as a whole (within the first gear). Figure 1(Based on the perspective of the viewpoint), the waste located on the far right falls onto the integrated grate body 6 first. The integrated grate body 6 then transports the waste until the entire integrated grate body 6 is covered with waste of the required thickness. At this point, the feeding of waste into the feed hopper 3 is stopped, and the transport operation of the integrated grate body 6 is halted. Then, the ignition aid is inserted into the furnace shell 1 through the ignition aid hole 23. Under the action of the ignition aid, the start-up and drying of this waste gasification combustion furnace are achieved. The purpose of drying the furnace is to remove natural water and crystal water from the lining, so as to prevent the furnace shell 1 from cracking, bubbling, deforming, or even collapsing due to excessive expansion of moisture caused by a rapid rise in furnace temperature during formal waste treatment. This helps to extend the service life of the furnace shell 1.

[0063] (2) Drying and gasification: After the furnace is started and dried, adjust the feeding frequency of the pusher 32, the conveying speed of the integrated grate body 6, the temperature, pressure and volume of the primary and secondary air, and continue to feed the material into the feed hopper 3. The integrated grate body 6 in the furnace shell 1 conveys the waste, so that the waste is dried and gasified in the drying and gasification furnace.

[0064] (3) Combustion: The semi-coke bottom ash produced after drying and gasification is intercepted by the material layer height adjustment baffle 93. When the semi-coke bottom ash accumulates to a certain amount, the adjustment drive 94 drives the material layer height adjustment baffle 93 to fall down, so that the semi-coke bottom ash falls into the triangular closed area enclosed by the partition wall 12, the refractory wall 13 and the isolation flap 15 together with the side wall 11 of the furnace shell 1. When a certain amount of semi-coke bottom ash accumulates in the triangular closed area, the rotation drive 16 drives the isolation flap 15 to rotate, so as to connect the triangular closed area and the combustion chamber 5, so that the semi-coke is delivered and falls into the combustion chamber 5 for combustion treatment.

[0065] (4) Shutdown or maintenance: After the waste treatment is completed or maintenance is required, stop feeding the feed hopper 3 and adjust the feeding frequency of the pusher 32, the transport speed of the integrated grate body 6, the temperature, pressure and volume of the primary and secondary air, etc., so that the heat treatment mode of the waste in the furnace shell 1 gradually returns from the gasification state to the combustion state. The pusher 32 pushes the waste in the pusher platform 31 at the second gear, so that all the waste in the pusher platform 31 falls onto the integrated grate body 6 for heat treatment. After all the waste on the integrated grate body 6 is burned out, shut down the waste gasification combustion furnace to achieve shutdown or maintenance.

[0066] Example 2

[0067] Integrated grate waste gasification combustion furnace, such as Figures 11 to 13As shown, the difference between this and Embodiment 1 is that the two sets of side beam assemblies 61 are connected by a double grate, and each of the double grate rows uses the same integrated fixed grate plate 62 and integrated movable grate plate 63 as in Embodiment 1. This improves the processing efficiency of the integrated grate waste gasification combustion furnace, making it suitable for locations requiring large processing capacities.

[0068] Example 3

[0069] Integrated grate waste gasification combustion furnace, such as Figure 14 As shown, the difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that there are two furnace shells 1, and the two furnace shells 1 are connected end to end. Each furnace shell 1 is equipped with an integrated grate body 6, and a pushing platform 31 and a pusher 32 are provided at the connection point of the two integrated grate bodies 6. This solution can increase the amount of waste processed per unit time to adapt to different application scenarios.

[0070] Example 4

[0071] Integrated grate waste gasification combustion furnace, such as Figure 15 As shown, the difference between this and Example 1 is that two integrated grate bodies 6 connected end-to-end are installed inside the furnace shell 1. This solution can increase the amount of waste processed per unit time to adapt to different applications.

[0072] The above descriptions are merely embodiments of the present invention, and common knowledge such as specific technical solutions and / or characteristics are not described in detail here. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the technical solutions of the present invention, and these should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention. These modifications and improvements will not affect the effectiveness of the implementation of the present invention or the practicality of the patent. The scope of protection claimed in this application should be determined by the content of its claims, and the specific embodiments described in the specification can be used to interpret the content of the claims.

Claims

1. An integrated grate waste gasification combustion furnace, comprising a furnace shell and a feed hopper connected to the head of the furnace shell, a pushing platform being provided at the connection between the feed hopper and the furnace shell, and a pusher being provided on the top of the pushing platform; characterized in that: The furnace shell contains a drying and gasification chamber and a combustion chamber. The combustion chamber is located below the drying and gasification chamber, and the discharge end of the drying and gasification chamber is connected to the feed end of the combustion chamber. The bottom of the combustion chamber is provided with a slag removal port. The drying and gasification chamber contains an integrated grate body, which includes two side beam assemblies and an integrated fixed grate and an integrated movable grate disposed between the two side beam assemblies. The integrated fixed grate is fixedly connected to the side beam assemblies, and the integrated movable grate is slidably connected to the side beam assemblies along the material conveying direction. A drive assembly for driving the integrated movable grate to move is provided below the pusher platform. The front end of the side beam assembly extends into the lower part of the pusher platform and is fixed, and the distance between the front end of the integrated movable grate and the pusher platform is greater than the travel distance of the integrated movable grate. The integrated fixed grate includes several fixed grate plates fixedly connected to the side beam assembly. The integrated movable grate includes several movable support plates arranged side by side, with the movable support plates located below the fixed grate plates. A movable grate plate connects two adjacent movable support plates. The fixed grate plates and movable grate plates are arranged alternately along the conveying direction. The side beam assembly is provided with a support and guide assembly for supporting and guiding the sliding of the integrated movable grate. Both the fixed grate plate and the movable grate plate include several grate heads, including high-level grate heads and low-level grate heads. The high-level grate heads and low-level grate heads are arranged alternately along the length direction of the fixed grate plate and the movable grate plate. The grate heads are wedge-shaped quadrangular frustums with inclined front, back, top surface and two sides. The front of the high-level grate head and the back of the low-level grate head are flush and staggered. The side beam assembly is provided with a primary air channel, and the bottom of the integrated grate body is provided with a primary air chamber. The fixed grate plate and the movable grate plate are provided with primary air cavities along the length direction. The back of the grate head of the fixed grate plate and the movable grate plate are provided with air outlets that communicate with the primary air cavities. The primary air cavities of the fixed grate plate are connected to the primary air channel at both ends of the fixed grate plate. The movable support plate is provided with air inlets corresponding to the position of the movable grate plate. One end of the air inlet is connected to the primary air cavity of the movable grate plate, and the other end of the air inlet is connected to the primary air chamber.

2. The integrated grate waste gasification combustion furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drive assembly includes a hydraulic linkage mechanism and a drive truss connected to the output end of the hydraulic linkage mechanism. The drive truss is fixedly connected to the bottom of the movable support plate. The support and guide assembly includes a support guide seat connected to the side beam assembly. The support guide seat is rotatably connected to a guide roller that guides the drive truss from the side and a support roller that supports the drive truss from the bottom.

3. The integrated grate waste gasification combustion furnace according to claim 2, characterized in that: A vertical partition wall is provided between the two side walls of the furnace shell, with the top of the partition wall flush with the top of the tail end of the side beam assembly; an inclined refractory wall is also provided between the two side walls of the furnace shell, with the top of the refractory wall extending between the two side beam assemblies, and the bottom of the refractory wall corresponding to the bottom of the partition wall; a rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the bottom of the partition wall, and an isolation flap is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft; a rotating drive component is provided on the furnace shell for driving the rotating shaft to rotate around the axis; when the isolation flap is in a vertical state, the bottom of the isolation flap abuts against the side wall of the refractory wall, at which time the partition wall, the isolation flap, and the refractory wall separate the combustion chamber from the drive truss and the integrated movable grate.

4. The integrated grate waste gasification combustion furnace according to claim 3, characterized in that: A main shaft seat is located near the tail end between the two side beam assemblies. A main shaft is rotatably connected to the main shaft seat. A material layer height adjustment baffle is fixedly connected to the main shaft. An adjustment drive is provided on the furnace shell to drive the main shaft to rotate around its axis. An air passage is opened axially inside the main shaft. Air inlets communicating with the air passages are opened at both ends of the main shaft. The air inlets are also connected to the primary air passages provided in the side beam assemblies. Several air outlets communicating with the air passages are opened axially at the bottom of the main shaft.

5. The integrated grate waste gasification combustion furnace according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that: The rear arch of the furnace shell is recessed into the drying and gasification chamber, and the tail end of the rear arch is horizontal, forming a horizontal section. An arc transition section is provided between the horizontal section and the vertical tail wall of the furnace shell.

6. The integrated grate waste gasification combustion furnace according to claim 5, characterized in that: The furnace shell at the rear of the combustion chamber is provided with an inclined surface, and an upward-sloping primary air hole is opened on the inclined surface. The furnace shell at the front of the combustion chamber is also provided with an upward-sloping primary air hole at the corresponding position of the inclined surface. Secondary air holes are opened on the front and rear arches of the furnace shell, and tertiary air holes are opened at the part of the furnace shell near the flue gas outlet. Ignition and combustion aid holes are opened on the tail wall, rear arch, and near the flue gas outlet of the furnace shell.

7. The integrated grate waste gasification combustion furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the primary air chamber is connected to a spiral slag discharger, and an air chamber ash and slag inlet is opened on the furnace shell in front of the combustion chamber. The discharge end of the spiral slag discharger is connected to the combustion chamber through the air chamber ash and slag inlet.

8. The integrated grate waste gasification combustion furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: The movable support plate has positioning steps at both ends of its top. The positioning steps of two adjacent movable support plates are combined to form a dovetail groove structure to clamp and fix the movable grate plate. The side beam assembly includes a box beam and a closed side beam that are vertically overlapped. The box beam and the closed side beam are hollow inside and their tail ends are connected to form a primary air channel. Multiple insertion holes are opened along the length direction on the side wall of the box beam near the fixed grate plate. The primary air cavity passes through both ends of the fixed grate plate. The end of the fixed grate plate is inserted into the insertion hole to realize the connection between its primary air cavity and the primary air channel.

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