A detachable counterweight device, installation and detachment method, and tower crane

Abstract

The present invention discloses a detachable counterweight device, an installation and detachment method, and a tower crane. The counterweight device includes multiple counterweights, each of which includes a main steel plate. The side surface of the bottom end of the main steel plate is provided with an installation groove and / or a support device, and the front and rear end surfaces of the main steel plate are both provided with a limit device. The main steel plates of the multiple counterweights are connected in sequence, and the heights of the bottom surfaces of the multiple main steel plates are not in the same plane, and the heights of the bottom surfaces of the multiple main steel plates increase or decrease in sequence. The installation groove of the main steel plate with a lower bottom surface is engaged with the support device on the main steel plate with a higher bottom surface, and the support device on the main steel plate with a higher bottom surface is slidably arranged along the installation groove of the main steel plate with a lower bottom surface. The limit device is used to prevent the positions of the multiple main steel plates in the counterweight device from shifting. The counterweight device designed in the present application enables the multiple counterweights to fall to the ground one by one, reducing the impact on the ground.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of counterweights, and in particular to a detachable counterweight device, an installation and detachment method, and a tower crane. Background Art

[0002] The counterweight is a crucial component of tower cranes, typically installed at the rear end of the balancing arm. Its function is to balance the bending moment generated by the boom and the load, minimizing the bending moment experienced by the crane's tower. A detachable counterweight, when suddenly unloaded, allows it to drop from the balancing arm under the action of a trigger mechanism. This instantly reduces the crane's backward tilting moment, offsetting the overturning moment caused by the sudden unloading, providing an anti-overturning effect and minimizing damage to the crane structure.

[0003] In order to achieve the effect of instant detachment of the counterweight, the detachable counterweight is usually detached as a whole. Since the detachable counterweight is generally very heavy and the tower crane is high, the impact damage to the ground after the whole weight is detached is great. Therefore, how to reduce the impact of the detached counterweight on the ground is a problem we need to solve. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide a detachable counterweight device, an installation and detachment method and a tower crane, so as to solve the problem in the prior art that the detached counterweight has a great impact on the ground.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention is implemented by adopting the following technical solutions:

[0006] In a first aspect, the present invention discloses a detachable counterweight device, comprising a plurality of counterweights, wherein the counterweights comprise a main steel plate, a mounting groove and / or a supporting device is provided on the side surface of the bottom end of the main steel plate, and a limiting device is provided on the front and rear end surfaces of the main steel plate;

[0007] The counterweight device includes at least one installation state, in which the main steel plates of the plurality of counterweights are connected in sequence, the bottom surfaces of the plurality of the main steel plates are not in the same plane, and the bottom surfaces of the plurality of the main steel plates increase or decrease in height in sequence;

[0008] The mounting groove of the main steel plate with a lower bottom surface is engaged with the supporting device on the main steel plate with a higher bottom surface, and the supporting device on the main steel plate with a higher bottom surface is slidably arranged along the mounting groove of the main steel plate with a lower bottom surface;

[0009] The limiting device is used to prevent the positions of multiple main steel plates in the counterweight device from shifting.

[0010] Furthermore, the limiting device includes a rectangular limiting block and / or an L-shaped limiting block connected to the front end surface and the rear end surface of the main steel plate, and the rectangular limiting block is located above the L-shaped limiting block;

[0011] The distance D between the bent plate of the L-shaped limit block and the side surface of the main steel plate is greater than or equal to the width of the rectangular limit block;

[0012] The L-shaped limiting block on the main steel plate is snap-connected with the rectangular limiting block on the adjacent main steel plate.

[0013] Furthermore, when the number of the balancing weights is greater than or equal to three, L-shaped limit blocks are set on the front and rear end faces of the main steel plate with the lowest bottom height, rectangular limit blocks are set on the front and rear end faces of the main steel plate with the highest bottom height, and L-shaped limit blocks and rectangular limit blocks are set on the front and rear end faces of the remaining main steel plates.

[0014] Furthermore, when the number of the balancing weights is equal to two, L-shaped limit blocks are set on the front and rear end surfaces of the main steel plate with a low bottom height, and rectangular limit blocks are set on the front and rear end surfaces of the main steel plate with a high bottom height.

[0015] Furthermore, when the number of the balancing weights is greater than or equal to three, a mounting groove is set on one side of the main steel plate with the lowest bottom height, a supporting device is set on one side of the main steel plate with the highest bottom height, and mounting grooves and supporting devices are set on both sides of the remaining main steel plates.

[0016] Furthermore, when the number of the balancing weights is equal to two, a mounting groove is provided on one side of the main body steel plate with a lower bottom surface height, and a supporting device is provided on one side of the main body steel plate with a higher bottom surface height.

[0017] Furthermore, the supporting device is a mounting wedge adapted to the mounting groove.

[0018] Furthermore, the mounting wedge and the main steel plate are integrally formed.

[0019] In a second aspect, a method for installing and removing a detachable counterweight device according to any one of the first aspects comprises:

[0020] The counterweight with the highest bottom height is installed on the counterweight arm load-bearing beam of the tower crane, and the counterweight device is limited by the counterweight arm limiting beam and the counterweight with the lowest bottom height.

[0021] When the tower crane receives a sudden unloading condition instruction, it sends a control signal to control the balance arm load-bearing beam to move toward the balance arm root direction, so that the counterweight device falls off as a whole;

[0022] When the counterweight device falls to the ground, the main steel plate with the lowest bottom surface height contacts the ground first, and the main steel plate with the higher bottom surface height slides along the installation groove of the main steel plate with the lower bottom surface height connected to it, so that the main steel plates from the lowest bottom surface height to the highest bottom surface height contact the ground in turn.

[0023] In a third aspect, the present application discloses a tower crane, comprising the detachable counterweight device according to any one of the first aspects, and further comprising a balance arm load-bearing beam and a balance arm limiting beam;

[0024] The balance arm load-bearing crossbeam is movably connected to the balance arm of the tower crane, and the balance arm load-bearing crossbeam is used to support the main steel plate with the highest bottom surface height;

[0025] The balance arm limiting cross beam is connected to the side surface of the main body steel plate with the lowest bottom surface height to limit the balance weight device.

[0026] According to the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0027] The balancing weight device designed in the present application adopts a design form of multiple balancing weights. The bottom heights of the main steel plates are not in the same plane, and the supporting device on the main steel plate with a higher bottom height is slidably arranged along the mounting groove of the main steel plate with a lower bottom height. When the balancing weight device falls, the main steel plate with a lower bottom height contacts the ground first, and the main steel plate with a higher bottom height can continue to fall along the mounting groove for a short distance, thereby realizing the landing of multiple balancing weights one by one and reducing the impact on the ground. The mounting groove of the main steel plate with a lower bottom height is designed to be engaged with the supporting device on the main steel plate with a higher bottom height, so that the gravity of the main steel plate with a lower bottom height is entirely borne by the previous main steel plate with a higher bottom height. In conjunction with the limiting device, the multiple balancing weights always remain a whole during the falling process and will not disperse, ensuring that they will not accidentally hit the main structure of the tower crane during the falling process. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] Figure 1 The front view and left view of one of the balancing weights in the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the connection of two counterweights in the present invention;

[0030] Figure 3 It is a connection diagram of the counterweight device in the present invention.

[0031] Among them: 1. Main steel plate; 2. Rectangular limit block; 3. L-shaped limit block; 4. Installation wedge; 5. Installation slot; 6. Balance arm load-bearing beam; 7. Balance arm limit beam; 8. First balance weight; 9. Second balance weight; 10. Third balance weight; 11. Fourth balance weight; 12. Fifth balance weight. Implementation Method

[0032] In order to make the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects achieved by the present invention easier to understand, the present invention is further described below in conjunction with specific implementation methods.

[0033] It should be noted that, in the description of the present invention, the terms "front," "rear," "left," "right," "up," "down," "inside," and "outside" and the like, indicating directions or positional relationships, are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. These are intended solely to facilitate the description of the present invention and do not require that the present invention be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the present invention. The terms "front," "rear," "left," "right," "up," and "down" used in the description of the present invention refer to directions in the accompanying drawings, and the terms "inside" and "outside" refer to directions toward or away from the geometric center of a specific component, respectively.

[0034] The design idea of ​​this application is to set an L-shaped limiting wedge and a rectangular wedge on the counterweight. The two adjacent counterweights on the left and right are limited in their forward and backward displacement by the cooperation of the L-shaped limiting wedge and the rectangular wedge. During the falling process, the left and right counterweights always remain as a whole and will not disperse, ensuring that they will not accidentally hit the main structure of the tower crane during the falling process. By setting the installation groove and the installation wedge, the installation wedge of the front counterweight is inserted into the installation groove of the rear counterweight II. The main steel plate of the rear counterweight is higher than that of the front, ensuring that after the two counterweights are assembled, the bottom of the rear counterweight is lower than that of the front counterweight. Since the bottom of the rear counterweight is lower, when it falls to the ground, the rear counterweight falls first, and the front counterweight can continue to fall a short distance along the installation groove, realizing the landing of the two counterweights one by one.

[0035] Explanation of relevant terms:

[0036] Counterweight: Counterweight is an important component of tower crane. It is usually installed at the rear end of the balance arm. Its function is to balance the bending moment generated by the lifting arm and the load, ensuring that the bending moment on the tower crane tower body is minimized. Example

[0037] like Figures 1 to 3As shown, the present application provides a detachable balancing weight device, comprising multiple balancing weights, the balancing weights comprising a main steel plate 1, the side surface of the bottom end of the main steel plate 1 is provided with a mounting groove 5 and / or a supporting device, and the front and rear end surfaces of the main steel plate 1 are provided with a limiting device; the balancing weight device includes at least one installation state, in which the main steel plates 1 of the multiple balancing weights are connected in sequence, the heights of the bottom surfaces of the multiple main steel plates 1 are not in the same plane, and the heights of the bottom surfaces of the multiple main steel plates 1 increase or decrease in sequence; the mounting groove 5 of the main steel plate 1 with a lower bottom surface height is engaged with the supporting device on the main steel plate 1 with a higher bottom surface height, and the supporting device on the main steel plate 1 with a higher bottom surface height is slidably arranged along the mounting groove 5 of the main steel plate 1 with a lower bottom surface height; the limiting device is used to prevent the positions of the multiple main steel plates 1 in the balancing weight device from shifting.

[0038] The counterweight device designed in the present application enables multiple counterweights to fall to the ground one by one, thereby reducing the impact on the ground.

[0039] In this application, the "installed state" of a counterweight assembly refers to the state of the assembly from the moment the assembly is fully connected to the ground during use. In addition to this installed state, the assembly may also have a scattered state. This scattered state may be the state of individual counterweights placed or stacked during transportation, or the scattered state of the assembly after it has landed.

[0040] The present application is described in detail below through different embodiments.

[0041] In this embodiment, the counterweight device employs a two-piece counterweight design. When two counterweights are used, the two counterweights can be designed to have the same structure. Specifically, the front and rear faces of each counterweight's main steel plate 1 are provided with a rectangular stopper 2 and an L-shaped stopper 3. Each counterweight also has a mounting slot 5 on one side and a wedge 4 on the other. This design facilitates the production of counterweights.

[0042] When the structures of the two balancing weights are different, the installation groove 5 and the L-shaped limit block are designed on the main steel plate 1 of the balancing weight with a lower bottom height, and the wedge block 4 and the rectangular limit block are designed and installed on the main steel plate 1 of the balancing weight with a higher bottom height.

[0043] Regardless of the setting method, the rectangular limit block 2 and the L-shaped limit block are designed on the front and rear ends of the main steel plate 1, and the mounting wedge block 4 and the mounting groove 5 are designed at the bottom ends of the left and right sides of the main steel plate 1.

[0044] When there are two balancing weights, the mounting wedge 4 of the balancing weight with a lower bottom height is connected to the mounting groove 5 of the balancing weight with a higher bottom height, so that the balancing weight with a lower bottom height supports the balancing weight with a higher bottom height. At the same time, the L-shaped limit block 3 on the side of the balancing weight with a lower bottom height is engaged with the rectangular limit block 2 on the side of the balancing weight with a higher bottom height, thereby limiting the positions of the two balancing weights.

[0045] In the present application, the main steel plate 1 of the counterweight is designed in the form of a rectangular parallelepiped, which can ensure that the main steel plates 1 of two adjacent counterweights can fit together.

[0046] In the present application, the distance D between the bent plate of the L-shaped limit block 3 and the side surface of the main steel plate 1 is greater than or equal to the width of the rectangular limit block 2; this design can ensure that the L-shaped limit block 3 can be snapped onto the rectangular limit block 2 of the adjacent main steel plate 1 without causing interference between the two.

[0047] The L-shaped limit block and the rectangular limit block 2 can be connected to the main steel plate 1 by welding, and the mounting wedge block 4 can be set on the main steel plate 1 in an integrally formed form to ensure the stability of the supporting process.

[0048] In some other embodiments, the number of balancing weights is greater than or equal to three. This embodiment is illustrated using five balancing weights as an example.

[0049] like Figure 3 As shown, the counterweight device includes a first counterweight 8, a second counterweight 9, a third counterweight 10, a fourth counterweight 11, and a fifth counterweight 12. In this case, the three middle counterweights must be designed with a rectangular limit block 2, an L-shaped limit block 3, a mounting wedge 4, and a mounting slot 5. The leftmost counterweight with the lowest bottom surface height can be designed with only the L-shaped limit block and the mounting slot 5, or with the same design as the middle counterweight. The rightmost counterweight with the highest bottom surface height can be designed with only the mounting wedge 4 and the rectangular limit block 2, or with the same design as the middle counterweight.

[0050] The detachable counterweight device designed in this application ensures that each piece of counterweight remains connected as a whole during the detachment process, ensures that it will not accidentally hit the main structure of the tower crane during the falling process, and falls to the ground piece by piece when landing, reducing the impact force and minimizing damage to the ground.

[0051] like Figure 3As shown, the first counterweight 8 is equipped with only a rectangular stopper 2. The mounting slot of the second counterweight 9 is inserted into the mounting wedge of the first counterweight 8, so that the gravity of the second counterweight 9 is entirely borne by the first counterweight 8. The second counterweight 9 is equipped with a rectangular stopper 2 and an L-shaped stopper 3. The L-shaped stopper 3 of the second counterweight 9 engages the rectangular stopper 2 of the first counterweight 8, limiting the forward and backward and left and right movement of the two counterweights. This ensures that the left and right counterweights remain united and do not separate during the disengagement process. The same applies to the subsequent counterweights, with the last counterweight equipped with only an L-shaped stopper wedge. Example

[0052] Based on the detachable counterweight device provided in Example 1, this embodiment further provides a method for installing and removing the detachable counterweight device, comprising the following steps:

[0053] Step 1: Install the counterweight with the highest bottom height on the balance arm load-bearing beam 6 of the tower crane, and use the balance arm limiting beam 7 to abut against the counterweight with the lowest bottom height to limit the counterweight device.

[0054] In this step, the bottom surface of the counterweight's main steel plate 1, which has the highest bottom surface, is connected to the top surface of the balance arm's load-bearing beam 6, so that the balance arm's load-bearing beam 6 supports the entire counterweight assembly. The balance arm's limiting beam 7 abuts the side surface of the main steel plate 1, which has the lowest bottom surface, and this side surface is the side surface away from the counterweight with the highest bottom surface. This arrangement can limit the position of the entire counterweight assembly and prevent the entire counterweight assembly from tilting before falling off.

[0055] Step 2: When the tower crane receives the sudden unloading working condition instruction, it sends a control signal to control the balance arm load-bearing beam 6 to move toward the balance arm root direction, so that the counterweight device falls off as a whole;

[0056] In this step, a central controller can be installed in the tower crane. When the tower crane is suddenly unloading, its central controller can receive relevant instructions and send a control signal. The control signal can control the balance arm load-bearing beam 6 to move toward the root of the balance arm. This method can be achieved by driving the oil cylinder or other devices of the balance arm load-bearing beam 6.

[0057] Step 3. When the counterweight device falls to the ground, the main steel plate 1 with the lowest bottom surface height contacts the ground first, and the main steel plate 1 with the higher bottom surface height slides along the installation groove 5 of the main steel plate 1 with the lower bottom surface height connected to it, so that the main steel plates 1 with the lowest bottom surface height to the main steel plates 1 with the highest bottom surface height contact the ground in turn.

[0058] In this step, when the counterweight device descends as a whole, the position of multiple main steel plates 1 in the counterweight device can be prevented from shifting due to the action of the limiting device, so that the main steel plate 1 with the lowest bottom height can contact the ground first, and the main steel plate 1 with a high bottom height can slide along the installation groove 5 of the main steel plate 1 with a low bottom height connected to it, so that the main steel plate 1 with the lowest bottom height to the main steel plate 1 with the highest bottom height can contact the ground in turn. This design realizes the landing of multiple counterweights one by one. Example

[0059] Based on the detachable counterweight device provided in Example 1, this embodiment further provides a tower crane, which adopts the detachable counterweight device provided in Example 1. The crane is provided with a balance arm load-bearing beam 6 and a balance arm limiting beam 7.

[0060] During installation, the first counterweight 8 falls onto the counterweight arm's load-bearing beam 6, and the entire set of counterweights is then secured to the counterweight arm frame by the counterweight arm's limit beam 7. When the tower crane suddenly unloads, the counterweight arm's load-bearing beam 6, activated by the triggering mechanism, moves toward the base of the counterweight arm, causing the detachable counterweights to lose support and fall off the counterweight arm frame. Upon landing, the fifth counterweight 12 is the first to touch the ground, followed by the fourth counterweight 11, which can continue to fall a short distance along the mounting slot before landing. The remaining counterweights follow this pattern, allowing the detachable counterweights to fall to the ground one by one.

[0061] It is understood from common technical knowledge that the present invention may be implemented by other embodiments that do not depart from its spirit or essential features. Therefore, the embodiments disclosed above are, in all respects, merely illustrative and not exclusive. All modifications within the scope of the present invention or equivalent to the scope of the present invention are intended to be encompassed by the present invention.

Claims

1. A detachable counterweight device, characterized in that: The balancing weight comprises a plurality of balancing weights, wherein the balancing weight comprises a main steel plate (1), a mounting groove (5) and / or a supporting device is provided on the side surface of the bottom end of the main steel plate (1), and a limiting device is provided on the front and rear end surfaces of the main steel plate (1); The counterweight device includes at least one installation state, in which a plurality of main steel plates (1) of the counterweight are connected in sequence, the heights of the bottom surfaces of the plurality of main steel plates (1) are not in the same plane, and the heights of the bottom surfaces of the plurality of main steel plates (1) increase or decrease in sequence; The mounting groove (5) of the main steel plate (1) with a lower bottom surface height is engaged with the supporting device on the main steel plate (1) with a higher bottom surface height, and the supporting device on the main steel plate (1) with a higher bottom surface height is slidably arranged along the mounting groove (5) of the main steel plate (1) with a lower bottom surface height; When the counterweight device falls, the main steel plate with a lower bottom surface first contacts the ground, and the main steel plate with a higher bottom surface can continue to fall along the installation groove for a short distance, so that multiple counterweights can fall to the ground one by one; The limiting device is used to prevent the positions of the plurality of main steel plates (1) in the counterweight device from being offset; the limiting device comprises a rectangular limiting block (2) and / or an L-shaped limiting block (3) connected to the front end face and the rear end face of the main steel plate (1), and the rectangular limiting block (2) is located above the L-shaped limiting block (3); The distance D between the bent plate of the L-shaped limit block (3) and the side surface of the main steel plate (1) is greater than or equal to the width of the rectangular limit block (2); The L-shaped limiting block (3) on the main steel plate (1) and the rectangular limiting block (2) on the adjacent main steel plate (1) are snap-fitted and connected.

2. The detachable counterweight device according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the number of the balancing weights is greater than or equal to three, the front and rear end faces of the main body steel plate (1) with the lowest bottom surface height are provided with L-shaped limit blocks (3), the front and rear end faces of the main body steel plate (1) with the highest bottom surface height are provided with rectangular limit blocks (2), and the front and rear end faces of the remaining main body steel plates (1) are provided with L-shaped limit blocks (3) and rectangular limit blocks (2).

3. The detachable counterweight device according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the number of the balancing weights is equal to two, L-shaped limit blocks (3) are provided on the front and rear end surfaces of the main steel plate (1) with a low bottom surface height, and rectangular limit blocks (2) are provided on the front and rear end surfaces of the main steel plate (1) with a high bottom surface height.

4. The detachable counterweight device according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the number of the balancing weights is greater than or equal to three, a mounting groove (5) is provided on one side of the main steel plate (1) with the lowest bottom surface height, a supporting device is provided on one side of the main steel plate (1) with the highest bottom surface height, and mounting grooves (5) and supporting devices are provided on both sides of the remaining main steel plates (1).

5. The detachable counterweight device according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the number of the balancing weights is equal to two, a mounting groove (5) is provided on one side of the main steel plate (1) with a lower bottom surface height, and a supporting device is provided on one side of the main steel plate (1) with a higher bottom surface height.

6. The detachable counterweight device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The supporting device is a mounting wedge (4) adapted to the mounting groove (5).

7. The detachable counterweight device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The mounting wedge (4) and the main steel plate (1) are integrally formed.

8. A method for installing and removing a detachable counterweight device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: include: The counterweight with the highest bottom height is mounted on the counterweight arm load-bearing beam (6) of the tower crane, and the counterweight with the lowest bottom height is abutted against the counterweight by the counterweight arm limiting beam (7) to limit the counterweight device; When the tower crane receives a sudden unloading condition instruction, it sends a control signal to control the balance arm load-bearing beam (6) to move toward the balance arm root direction, so that the counterweight device falls off as a whole; When the counterweight device falls to the ground, the main steel plate (1) with the lowest bottom surface height contacts the ground first, and the main steel plate (1) with the higher bottom surface height slides along the mounting groove (5) of the main steel plate (1) with the lower bottom surface height connected thereto, so that the main steel plates (1) with the lowest bottom surface height to the main steel plates (1) with the highest bottom surface height contact the ground in sequence.

9. A tower crane, characterized in that: The detachable counterweight device comprises any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that it further comprises a balance arm load-bearing beam (6) and a balance arm limiting beam (7); The balance arm load-bearing crossbeam (6) is movably connected to the balance arm of the tower crane, and the balance arm load-bearing crossbeam (6) is used to support the main steel plate (1) with the highest bottom surface height; The balancing arm limiting cross beam (7) is connected to the side surface of the main body steel plate (1) with the lowest bottom surface height to limit the balancing weight device.

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