A mine-used foam dust suppressant

Abstract

The present invention discloses a mine-used foam dust suppressant, which comprises the following steps: It is composed of components in the following mass percentages: isooctyl ether phosphate 5% - 7%, alkyl polyglycoside 2% - 3%, α-olefin sulfonate 10% - 15%, pH regulator 0.5% - 0.7%, nano NaY type molecular sieve 1 - 2%, dispersant 0.1 - 0.5%, lauryl alcohol polyoxyethylene ether 0.01 - 0.1%, dodecyl dimethyl sulfopropyl betaine 0.01 - 0.25%, and the balance is water. This foam dust suppressant has strong foaming ability, high foam stability, strong wetting performance for coal dust, good solubility, safe performance, convenient transportation, and simple construction process, solving the problems of low dust removal efficiency and large water consumption in the prior art.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of dust suppression, and particularly relates to a mine-used foam dust suppressant. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, the depth of coal mine exploitation has been continuously increasing, and the mechanization level has also been gradually improved. The use of high-power coal shearers and scraper conveyors has increased the dust generation sources underground and the dust concentration. According to actual measurements, the dust generation amount in fully mechanized coal mining faces accounts for more than 60% of the total mine dust. Especially when coal cutting by coal shearers and parallel operation of hydraulic support moving are carried out, the instantaneous dust concentration in the working places of individual mines can reach as high as 4000 - 6000 mg / m 3 , and even if dust prevention measures are taken, the working environment is still quite harsh. The harms of high-concentration dust are mainly manifested in two aspects: one is that it poses a great threat to the physical and mental health of underground workers, and the other is that dust will explode in the case of completely no gas, and in the presence of gas, accidents of simultaneous explosion of gas and dust may occur. In addition, coal mine dust also reduces the visibility of the working place, increases the accident rate, and at the same time can accelerate the wear of machinery, reduce the use accuracy of precision instruments, and shorten the service life of instruments and equipment such as coal shearers and hydraulic supports.

[0003] At present, the common dust suppression measures in domestic coal mines mainly include: spray dust suppression, seam water injection, wet dust capture, foam dust suppression, etc. Among them, the foam dust suppression technology uses the underground water pipe, adds a certain amount of foaming agent into it, and sprays the foam onto the dust source through a foaming device. When the foam fully covers the dust source, the best dust removal effect can be achieved. The dust removal efficiency of foam dust removal generally exceeds 70%, so it has been paid more and more attention. However, most of the currently used foam dust suppressants have problems such as small foaming multiple, low adhesion, short half-life, poor water solubility, etc., resulting in low dust removal efficiency of the foam dust suppressant during on-site application and large water consumption. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Aiming at the above existing technical deficiencies, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a mine-used foam dust suppressant, which has strong foaming ability, high foam stability, strong wetting performance for coal dust, good solubility, safe performance, convenient transportation, and simple construction process, and solves the problems of low dust removal efficiency and large water consumption in the prior art.

[0005] To solve the above technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] The present invention provides a mine-used foam dust suppressant, which is composed of the following components in mass percentages: isooctyl ether phosphate 5%-7%, alkyl polyglycoside 2%-3%, α-olefin sulfonate 10%-15%, pH regulator 0.5%-0.7%, nano NaY-type molecular sieve 1-2%, dispersant 0.1-0.5%, lauryl alcohol polyoxyethylene ether 0.01-0.1%, dodecyl dimethyl sulfopropyl betaine 0.01-0.25%, and the balance is water.

[0007] Further, it is composed of the following components in mass percentages: isooctyl ether phosphate 5.5%, alkyl polyglycoside 2%, α-olefin sulfonate 12%, nano NaY-type molecular sieve 1.5%, dispersant 0.2%, lauryl alcohol polyoxyethylene ether 0.05%, dodecyl dimethyl sulfopropyl betaine 0.25%, and the balance is water.

[0008] Further, the alkyl polyglycoside is one of the alkyl polyglycosides with 8, 10, or 12 carbon atoms in the alkyl group.

[0009] Further, the average particle size of the NaY-type molecular sieve is 150-220 nm.

[0010] Further, the dispersant is selected from one or more of Nekal BX, BYK-W940 of BYK Chemie GmbH, BYK-W985 of BYK Chemie GmbH, KYC-913 of Keying Chemical Co., Ltd., KYC-9166 of Keying Chemical Co., Ltd., DS-172 dispersant of Tulele, DS-195L dispersant of Tulele, and DS-194L dispersant of Tulele.

[0011] Further, the pH regulator is any one or a combination of two or more of sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, or sodium bicarbonate.

[0012] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0013] 1. It has strong foaming ability and high foam stability. The foam dust suppressant of the present application synergistically improves the foaming multiple through the compounded main surfactant, and by compounding an auxiliary surfactant with the main surfactant, it enhances the foaming effect, has good wetting effect, and each component does not affect each other, the solution does not thicken, has strong foaming ability, and high foam stability; at the same time, nano NaY-type molecular sieve is adopted to replace Ca 2+ , Mg 2+ ions in mine water, improves the foaming multiple of the compounded surfactant, reduces the dosage of the surfactant, the larger the foaming amount of the dust suppressant solution per unit mass, the larger the liquid film surface area, and the better the dust suppression effect and the higher the efficiency;

[0014] 2. It has strong wetting performance for coal dust. The foam dust suppressant of the present application adopts nano NaY-type molecular sieve to replace Ca2+ , Mg 2+ ions, while increasing the foaming multiple of the compound surfactant, displace the Na + ions in the solution. The Na + ions act on the double electric layer of the surfactant micelles, reducing the electrostatic repulsion, enhancing the wetting ability of the compound surfactant, and increasing the speed at which coal dust is wetted;

[0015] 3. Good solubility. It can be mixed with water in any proportion and can be formulated into a uniform and stable foam liquid in a short time after mixing with water;

[0016] 4. Safe performance, convenient transportation, and simple construction process. The dust suppressant provided in this application is non-toxic to humans and the environment, basically non-irritating, non-corrosive, and degradable. It is applicable to the prevention and control of mechanized operation dust in coal mines and non-coal mines, such as the fully mechanized heading face, fully mechanized coal mining face, belt transportation transfer point, and the orifice of drilling construction in coal mines, and the dust sources in the production processes such as ore discharging in non-coal mines. It reduces the dust concentration, thereby improving visibility, reducing potential safety hazards, reducing the incidence of pneumoconiosis, ensuring continuous operation, and improving production efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the following drawings are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.

[0018] Figure 1 is the foaming effect diagram of the mine-used foam dust suppressant prepared in Example 1 of the present invention, with a significant foaming effect and high foam stability;

[0019] Figure 2 is the construction effect diagram of the mine-used foam dust suppressant prepared in Example 1 of the present invention. Among them, (A) is the actual situation of the heading face during coal mine exploitation without using the foam dust suppressant, and (B) is the actual situation of the heading face after using the foam dust suppressant, with a significant reduction in dust concentration and a significant improvement in visibility; DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0020] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] Unless otherwise specified, the raw materials used in the following examples are all commercially available products. The dispersant can be selected from one or more of Nekal BX, BYK-W940 of BYK Chemie GmbH, BYK-W985 of BYK Chemie GmbH, KYC-913 of Keying Chemical, KYC-9166 of Keying Chemical, TUYILE DS-172 dispersant, TUYILE DS-195L dispersant and TUYILE DS-194L dispersant.

[0022] Example 1

[0023] A mine-used foam dust suppressant disclosed by the present invention is composed of the following raw materials in mass percentage: 785 parts of water, 55 parts of isooctyl ether phosphate, 20 parts of alkyl polyglycoside, 120 parts of α-olefin sulfonate, 5.5 parts of sodium hydroxide, 10 parts of nano NaY zeolite, 1 part of Nekal BX, 1 part of lauryl alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, and 2.5 parts of dodecyl dimethyl sulfopropyl betaine.

[0024] Preparation method: Add water to a stirring tank, and then successively add isooctyl ether phosphate, alkyl polyglycoside, olefin sulfonate, sodium hydroxide, nano NaY zeolite, Nekal BX, lauryl alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, and 2.5 parts of dodecyl dimethyl sulfopropyl betaine. After stirring and dissolving evenly, a dust suppressant is obtained.

[0025] When applied to on-site construction, the following process can be adopted:

[0026] Method 1: Use it together with a mine-used foam dust suppression device.

[0027] First step, connect the foam dust suppression device, and introduce air and water into the device.

[0028] Second step, add 10 Kg of the foam dust suppressant product to the liquid tank of the foam dust suppression device, and then inject water into the liquid tank and dilute it according to the water-to-material ratio of 1:1.

[0029] Third step, adjust the equipment well, and open the combined valve to spray the foam onto the dust source.

[0030] Method 2: Use it in cooperation with a high-pressure water pump.

[0031] First step, prepare a container and dilute it in advance according to a ratio of 0.5% to prepare an aqueous solution.

[0032] Second step, use a high-pressure water pump to transport the prepared solution to the ore body to be constructed.

[0033] Example 2

[0034] A mine-used foam dust suppressant disclosed by the present invention is composed of the following raw materials in mass percentage: 779.5 parts of water, 55 parts of isooctyl alcohol ether phosphate, 20 parts of alkyl polyglycoside, 120 parts of α-olefin sulfonate, 5.5 parts of sodium hydroxide, 15 parts of nano NaY zeolite, 2 parts of Keying Chemical KYC-913, 0.5 part of lauryl alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, and 2.5 parts of dodecyl dimethyl sulfopropyl betaine.

[0035] Example 3

[0036] A mine-used foam dust suppressant disclosed by the present invention is composed of the following raw materials in mass percentage: 762 parts of water, 60 parts of isooctyl alcohol ether phosphate, 25 parts of alkyl polyglycoside, 120 parts of α-olefin sulfonate, 6 parts of sodium hydroxide, 20 parts of nano NaY zeolite, 4 parts of Tuyile DS-172 grinding dispersant, 1 part of lauryl alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, and 2 parts of dodecyl dimethyl sulfopropyl betaine.

[0037] Example 4

[0038] A mine-used foam dust suppressant disclosed by the present invention is composed of the following raw materials in mass percentage: 756 parts of water, 70 parts of isooctyl alcohol ether phosphate, 30 parts of alkyl polyglycoside, 100 parts of α-olefin sulfonate, 6.5 parts of sodium hydroxide, 20 parts of nano NaY zeolite, 4 parts of BYK-W940 of BYK Chemie GmbH, 1 part of lauryl alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, and 2.5 parts of dodecyl dimethyl sulfopropyl betaine.

[0039] Comparative Example 1

[0040] A mine-used foam dust suppressant is composed of the following raw materials in mass percentage: 779 parts of water, 55 parts of isooctyl alcohol ether phosphate, 20 parts of alkyl polyglycoside, 120 parts of α-olefin sulfonate, 5.5 parts of sodium hydroxide, 10 parts of NaCl, 1 part of Nekal BX, 1 part of lauryl alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, and 2.5 parts of dodecyl dimethyl sulfopropyl betaine.

[0041] Comparative Example 2

[0042] A mine-used foam dust suppressant is composed of the following raw materials in mass percentage: 779.5 parts of water, 55 parts of isooctyl alcohol ether phosphate, 20 parts of alkyl polyglycoside, 120 parts of α-olefin sulfonate, 5.5 parts of sodium hydroxide, 10 parts of Na2SO4, 2 parts of Nekal BX, 0.5 part of lauryl alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, and 2.5 parts of dodecyl dimethyl sulfopropyl betaine.

[0043] Comparative Example 3

[0044] A mine-used foam dust suppressant is composed of the following raw materials in mass percentage: 779.5 parts of water, 55 parts of isooctyl ether phosphate, 20 parts of alkyl glycoside, 120 parts of α-olefin sulfonate, 5.5 parts of sodium hydroxide, 15 parts of nano NaY molecular sieve, and 2 parts of Nekal BX.

[0045] The dust suppression effects of Examples 1 to 4 and Comparative Examples 1 to 3 were investigated through experiments below, and the above data are the averages of 5 tests.

[0046] Table 1 Test results of surface tension at the same addition amount

[0047]

[0048]

[0049] Table 2 Foaming multiple and wetting performance at the same addition amount

[0050] Addition amount in water <![CDATA[Foaming multiple 1 > <![CDATA[Wetting speed 2 (s)]]> Example 1 0.2％ 28 30 Example 2 0.2％ 25 31 Example 3 0.2％ 24 34 Example 4 0.2％ 23 35 Comparative Example 1 0.2％ 18 45 Comparative Example 2 0.2％ 15 43 Comparative Example 3 0.2％ 21 39

[0051] Note 1: The rotation speed of the stirrer is 500 revolutions, 30 g of water is added to a 1000 ml measuring cup, the water temperature is 25 °C, the addition amount of the dust suppressant is 0.5% of the water quality, and it is stirred up and down for 5 minutes. The ratio of the obtained foaming height to the original height is the foaming multiple.

[0052] Note 2: Take 2 g of the dust suppressant and add it to 400 g of water at 25 °C to wet 1 g of standard pulverized coal. The time taken for complete wetting is used as the wetting speed. Source of pulverized coal: Anthracite formed in the southern part of the Qinshui Coalfield in the Triassic period, Jincheng, Shanxi.

[0053] Field tests were carried out on the fully mechanized heading face of a certain coal mine with Example 1, Comparative Example 1, Comparative Example 3, and only using water spray. The dust concentrations were measured under the conditions of not using any dust suppression measures, only using water spray, adding the three examples of the present invention, and adding the foam dust suppressants of Comparative Example 1 and Comparative Example 3 to the clear water for spraying. Tables 3 - 7 show the on-site dust data measured at the working face when different measures were adopted.

[0054] Table 3 On-site dust concentration at the working face without using any dust suppression measures

[0055] Face of the tunneling section Operator's working point 80 m away from the tunneling face <![CDATA[Respirable dust / mg·m -3 > 465 213.1 120.5 <![CDATA[Total dust / mg·m -3 > 1130 370.7 274.5

[0056] Table 4 On-site dust concentration at the working face after using the foam dust suppressant of Example 1

[0057]

[0058]

[0059] Table 5 Dust concentration at the working face after using the foam dust suppressant in Comparative Example 1

[0060] Face of the tunneling section Operator's working point 80 m away from the tunneling face Average dust reduction efficiency <![CDATA[Respirable dust / mg·m -3 > 151 58.8 30.9 71.4％ <![CDATA[Total dust / mg·m -3 > 247 109.9 49.1 76.7％

[0061] Table 6 Dust concentration at the working face after using the foam dust suppressant in Comparative Example 3

[0062] Face of the tunneling section Operator's working point 80 m away from the tunneling face Average dust reduction efficiency <![CDATA[Respirable dust / mg·m -3 > 122 30.7 27.5 78.8％ <![CDATA[Total dust / mg·m -3 > 198 59.7 38.9 84.1％

[0063] Table 7 Dust concentration at the working face after only using the clear water spray measure

[0064] Face of the tunneling section Operator's working point 80 m away from the tunneling face Average dust reduction efficiency <![CDATA[Respirable dust / mg·m -3 > 259 78.8 60.1 52.5％ <![CDATA[Total dust / mg·m -3 > 520 159.9 133.0 54.1％

[0065] First, the surfactant prepared by compounding has strong foaming ability and high foam stability. It can be mixed with water in any proportion and can be formulated into a uniform and stable foam liquid in a short time after being mixed with water. It has safe performance, convenient transportation and simple construction process. The dust suppressant provided by this application is non-toxic and harmless to humans and the environment, basically non-irritating, non-corrosive, biodegradable, and is suitable for the prevention and control of mechanized operation dust in coal mines and non-coal mines. For example, the fully mechanized heading face, fully mechanized coal mining face, belt conveyor transfer point, and orifice of drilling construction in coal mines, and the dust sources in the production processes such as ore discharging in non-coal mines. It can reduce the dust concentration, thereby improving visibility, reducing potential safety hazards, reducing the incidence rate of pneumoconiosis, ensuring continuous operation, and improving production efficiency.

[0066] Secondly, compared with Comparative Examples 1-2, in Example 1 of this application, the Na + ions replaced into the solution. There are a large number of organic groups exposed on the surface of coal dust, and its compatibility with water is very poor. The hydrophobic ends of anionic and non-ionic surfactants adsorb on the surface of coal dust, and Na + ions adsorb on the anionic end of the anionic surfactant, reducing the electrostatic repulsion; however, the negative ions in the solution will have an adsorption force on metal sodium ions. It can be seen from Comparative Example 1 and Comparative Example 2 that the lower the valence state, the weaker the adsorption of sodium ions. NaCl improves the wetting performance of the dust suppressant better than Na2SO4, and the Na + replaced in this application is not affected by negative ions and has better performance.

[0067] It can be seen from the on-site tests in Tables 3-7 that only using the clear water spray measure can achieve the effect of dust reduction, but the effect is not obvious. The average dust reduction efficiency of respirable dust is 52.5%. By adding the foam dust suppressant to the clear water, the dust reduction rate is significantly improved, but different components result in different dust reduction effects.

[0068] Compared with Comparative Example 1, in addition to the above differences, in Example 1, it can also replace Ca 2+ and Mg 2+Ions. Therefore, compared with Comparative Example 1, the foaming multiple is increased, the dosage of surfactant is reduced, the larger the foaming amount of the dust suppressant solution per unit mass, the larger the liquid film surface area, and the better the dust suppression effect and the higher the efficiency.

[0069] Compared with Comparative Example 3, in Example 1, by compounding the main surfactant with the auxiliary surfactant, the foaming multiple is synergistically increased, and the foaming effect is enhanced. The wetting effect is good, and each component does not affect each other. The solution does not thicken, the foaming ability is strong, and the foam stability is high.

[0070] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to implement and use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be obvious to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein can be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention will not be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but rather will be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A mine-used foam dust suppressant, characterized in that, It is composed of the following components by mass percentage: isooctyl ether phosphate 5%-7%, alkyl polyglycoside 2%-3%, α-olefin sulfonate 10%-15%, pH regulator 0.5%-0.7%, nano NaY zeolite 1-2%, dispersant 0.1-0.5%, lauryl alcohol polyoxyethylene ether 0.01-0.1%, dodecyl dimethyl sulfopropyl betaine 0.01-0.25%, and the balance is water.

2. The mine-used foam dust suppressant according to claim 1, wherein, It is composed of the following components by mass percentage: isooctyl ether phosphate 5.5%, alkyl polyglycoside 2%, α-olefin sulfonate 12%, pH regulator 0.55%, nano NaY zeolite 1.5%, dispersant 0.2%, lauryl alcohol polyoxyethylene ether 0.05%, dodecyl dimethyl sulfopropyl betaine 0.25%, and the balance is water.

3. The mine-used foam dust suppressant according to claim 1, characterized in that, The alkyl polyglycoside is one of the alkyl polyglycosides with 8 alkyl carbon atoms, 10 alkyl carbon atoms, and 12 alkyl carbon atoms.

4. The mine-used foam dust suppressant according to claim 1, wherein, The average particle size of the nano NaY zeolite is 150-200 nm.

5. The mine-used foam dust suppressant according to claim 1, wherein, The dispersant is selected from one or more of Nekal BX, BYK-W940 of BYK Chemie GmbH, BYK-W985 of BYK Chemie GmbH, KYC-913 of Keying Chemical Co., Ltd., KYC-9166 of Keying Chemical Co., Ltd., TUYILE DS-172 dispersant, TUYILE DS-195L dispersant, and TUYILE DS-194L dispersant.

6. The mine-used foam dust suppressant according to claim 1, characterized in that The pH regulator is any one or a combination of two or more of sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, or sodium bicarbonate.

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