Bolt loosening apparatus and line

Abstract

This disclosure relates to a bolt loosening device and assembly line, belonging to the field of parts assembly and disassembly technology. In this bolt loosening device, a support platform is connected to a base; a lifting mechanism is connected to the base for lifting the part to be disassembled; a first slide is slidably connected to the support platform in the vertical direction; a first drive mechanism drives the first slide to slide vertically; a second slide is located on the side of the first slide away from the support platform and is slidably connected to the first slide in the horizontal direction; a second drive mechanism drives the second slide to slide horizontally; a part posture detection unit detects the posture of the part to be disassembled during the lifting process, and triggers an alarm signal when an abnormal posture is detected; a pneumatic loosening gun is connected to the second slide for loosening the bolts on the part to be disassembled. Using this disclosure, the efficiency of loosening bolts on parts to be disassembled can be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure relates to the field of parts assembly and disassembly technology, and in particular to a bolt loosening device and assembly line. Background Technology

[0002] For gasoline-powered vehicles, when a component malfunctions, it is necessary to disassemble and repair the assembled parts. During this process, the bolts on the parts to be disassembled need to be loosened.

[0003] Currently, auto repair shops mostly use manual methods to loosen bolts on parts to be disassembled, which is inefficient and requires a lot of physical exertion for workers.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a device that can improve the efficiency of loosening bolts on parts to be disassembled. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This disclosure provides a bolt loosening device and production line, which can solve the technical problems existing in related technologies. The technical solution is as follows:

[0006] In a first aspect, the present disclosure provides a bolt loosening device, which includes a base, a support platform, a lifting mechanism, a first slide, a first drive mechanism, a second slide, a second drive mechanism, a part posture detection unit, and a pneumatic loosening gun.

[0007] The support platform is connected to the base;

[0008] The lifting mechanism is connected to the base and is used to lift the parts to be disassembled;

[0009] The first slide table and the support table are slidably connected in the vertical direction;

[0010] The first driving mechanism is used to drive the first slide to slide in the vertical direction;

[0011] The second slide is located on the side of the first slide away from the support platform, and is slidably connected to the first slide in the horizontal direction;

[0012] The second drive mechanism is used to drive the second slide to slide in the horizontal direction;

[0013] The part attitude detection unit is used to detect the attitude of the part to be disassembled during the lifting process. When the part to be disassembled is detected to be in an abnormal attitude, an alarm signal is triggered.

[0014] The pneumatic loosening gun is connected to the second slide and is used to loosen the bolts on the part to be disassembled.

[0015] In one possible implementation, the lifting mechanism includes multiple guide rods, multiple linear bearings, a base, a lifting plate, and a lifting cylinder;

[0016] The guide rod has a cylindrical structure and is connected to the base;

[0017] The linear bearing is at least partially located within the cylindrical structure and is slidably connected to the inner wall of the guide rod;

[0018] The base is connected to the linear bearing and the lifting plate, respectively;

[0019] The lifting plate has multiple positioning pins on its wall surface away from the base, and the multiple positioning pins cooperate with multiple positioning holes in the part to be disassembled;

[0020] The lifting cylinder is an electrically controlled cylinder and is connected to the interior of the cylindrical structure.

[0021] In one possible implementation, the bolt loosening device further includes a fixing frame connected to the guide rod;

[0022] The part attitude detection unit includes an infrared transmitter and an infrared receiver. The infrared transmitter and the infrared receiver are arranged opposite to each other and are both connected to the fixed frame. The infrared light path from the infrared transmitter to the infrared receiver is parallel to the lifting plate and passes through the positioning pin.

[0023] In one possible implementation, during the sliding of the linear bearing relative to the guide rod, the minimum height of the lifting plate away from the wall of the base is a first value, and the maximum height of the lifting plate away from the wall of the base is a second value.

[0024] The infrared transmitter has a first light-emitting port and a second light-emitting port. The height of the first light-emitting port to the first infrared optical path of the infrared receiver is the first value, and the height of the second light-emitting port to the second infrared optical path of the infrared receiver is the second value.

[0025] In one possible implementation, the bolt loosening device further includes a first roller conveyor and a second roller conveyor;

[0026] The first roller conveyor is located between the support platform and the lifting mechanism. The second roller conveyor is located on the side of the lifting mechanism away from the support platform and is parallel to the first roller conveyor. The height of the upper roller surface of the second roller conveyor and the upper roller surface of the first roller conveyor are both a third value, which is greater than the first value and less than the second value.

[0027] In one possible implementation, the bolt loosening device further includes a stop mechanism;

[0028] The stopping mechanism is connected to the fixed frame and is used to stop the part to be disassembled.

[0029] In one possible implementation, the support platform has a first slide rail extending in the vertical direction, the first slide rail being a pneumatic slide rail, and the first slide table being slidably connected to the first slide rail;

[0030] The first driving mechanism is a driving cylinder, which is connected to the first slide rail and is used to drive the first slide table to slide on the first slide rail.

[0031] In one possible implementation, the first slide has a second slide rail extending in a horizontal direction on the wall surface away from the support platform, the second slide is slidably connected to the second slide rail, and the second slide has a threaded hole in the horizontal direction;

[0032] The second drive mechanism includes a servo motor, a reducer, a coupling, and a screw;

[0033] The output shaft of the servo motor, the reducer, the coupling, and the screw are connected in sequence, and the screw mates with the threaded hole.

[0034] In one possible implementation, the pneumatic rotary loosening gun includes multiple rotary loosening gun heads arranged in a matrix.

[0035] Secondly, embodiments of this disclosure provide a production line that includes the bolt loosening device described in the first aspect and its possible implementations.

[0036] The technical solutions provided by the embodiments of this disclosure have at least the following beneficial effects:

[0037] This disclosure provides a bolt loosening device. In this device, a lifting mechanism is used to lift the part to be disassembled. A first slide table is slidably connected to a support table in the vertical direction. A first driving mechanism drives the first slide table to slide vertically. A second slide table is located on the side of the first slide table away from the support table and is slidably connected to the first slide table in the horizontal direction. A pneumatic loosening gun is connected to the second slide table. Thus, the first slide table, the first driving mechanism, the second slide table, the second driving mechanism, and the part posture detection unit can adjust the relative position of the pneumatic loosening gun and the part to be disassembled, so that the pneumatic loosening gun engages with the bolts on the part to be disassembled. The pneumatic loosening gun is then used to loosen the bolts on the part to be disassembled, eliminating the need for manual loosening and thus improving the efficiency of loosening the bolts on the part to be disassembled.

[0038] It should be understood that the above general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only, and are not intended to limit this disclosure. Attached Figure Description

[0039] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this disclosure, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of this disclosure. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0040] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a bolt loosening device shown in an embodiment of this disclosure;

[0041] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a bolt loosening device shown in an embodiment of this disclosure;

[0042] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a bolt loosening device shown in an embodiment of this disclosure;

[0043] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a bolt loosening device shown in an embodiment of this disclosure;

[0044] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a part posture detection unit shown in an embodiment of this disclosure;

[0045] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an infrared spectrum determined by an infrared receiver according to an embodiment of this disclosure;

[0046] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an infrared spectrum determined by an infrared receiver according to an embodiment of this disclosure;

[0047] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an infrared spectrum determined by an infrared receiver according to an embodiment of this disclosure;

[0048] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the assembly of a loosening gun head and a bolt according to an embodiment of this disclosure.

[0049] Legend

[0050] 100. Parts to be disassembled; 101. Bolts on the parts to be disassembled;

[0051] 1. Base;

[0052] 2. Support platform;

[0053] 21. First slide rail;

[0054] 3. Lifting mechanism;

[0055] 31. Guide rod; 32. Linear bearing; 33. Base; 34. Lifting plate; 35. Lifting cylinder;

[0056] 341. Positioning pin;

[0057] 4. First slide;

[0058] 41. Second slide rail;

[0059] 5. First drive mechanism;

[0060] 6. Second slide;

[0061] 7. Second drive mechanism;

[0062] 71. Servo motor; 72. Reducer; 73. Coupling; 74. Screw;

[0063] 8. Part posture detection unit;

[0064] 81. Infrared transmitter; 82. Infrared receiver;

[0065] 811. First light-emitting port; 812. Second light-emitting port;

[0066] 9. Pneumatic rotary release gun;

[0067] 91. Loosen the nozzle; 92. Electrically controlled shut-off valve;

[0068] 911. Hexagonal groove;

[0069] 9111, First low-voltage terminal; 9112, Second low-voltage terminal;

[0070] 10. Fixture;

[0071] 11. First roller conveyor;

[0072] 12. Second roller conveyor;

[0073] 13. Stop mechanism. Detailed Implementation

[0074] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this disclosure clearer, the embodiments of this disclosure will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0075] Unless otherwise defined, the technical or scientific terms used herein shall have the ordinary meaning as understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this disclosure pertains. The terms “first,” “second,” “third,” and similar terms used in this patent disclosure and claims do not indicate any order, quantity, or importance, but are merely used to distinguish different components. Similarly, the terms “an” or “a” and similar terms do not indicate a quantity limitation, but rather indicate the presence of at least one. The terms “comprising” or “including” and similar terms mean that the elements or objects preceding “comprising” or “including” encompass the elements or objects listed following “comprising” or “including” and their equivalents, and do not exclude other elements or objects. The terms “connected” or “linked” and similar terms are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but can include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. The terms “upper,” “lower,” “left,” “right,” etc., are used only to indicate relative positional relationships, and these relative positional relationships may change accordingly when the absolute position of the described objects changes.

[0076] Nowadays, in automobiles, various parts are frequently assembled and connected using bolts. During vehicle maintenance, these bolts need to be loosened and removed frequently to separate different parts. Currently, most bolt loosening and removal work is done manually by technicians, which is inefficient.

[0077] This disclosure provides a bolt loosening device. Using this device, the bolt loosening and disassembly work can be completed automatically, thereby improving the efficiency of bolt loosening and disassembly. Figure 1 As shown, the bolt loosening device includes a base 1, a support platform 2, a lifting mechanism 3, a first slide 4, a first drive mechanism 5, a second slide 6, a second drive mechanism 7, a part posture detection unit 8, and a pneumatic loosening gun 9.

[0078] The support platform 2 is connected to the base 1. The lifting mechanism 3 is connected to the base 1 and is used to lift the part 100 to be disassembled. The first slide 4 is slidably connected to the support platform 2 in the vertical direction. The first drive mechanism 5 is used to drive the first slide 4 to slide in the vertical direction. The second slide 6 is located on the side of the first slide 4 away from the support platform 2 and is slidably connected to the first slide 4 in the horizontal direction. The second drive mechanism 7 is used to drive the second slide 6 to slide in the horizontal direction. The part posture detection unit 8 is used to detect the posture of the part 100 to be disassembled during the lifting process. When the part 100 to be disassembled is detected to be in an abnormal posture, an alarm signal is sent to the bolt loosening device. The pneumatic loosening gun 9 is connected to the second slide 6 and is used to loosen the bolts 101 on the part 100 to be disassembled.

[0079] The part to be disassembled 100 may be a camshaft including a camshaft bearing cover, and the bolt 101 on the part to be disassembled 100 may be a bolt that fixes the camshaft and the camshaft bearing cover. In this embodiment, the type of the part to be disassembled 100 and the bolt 101 on the part to be disassembled 101 are not limited.

[0080] like Figure 1 As shown, the base 1 has a plate-like structure, such as a rectangular plate-like structure. Each apex of the base 1 has an anchor bolt mounting hole (not shown), which is used to engage with anchor bolts to firmly fix the base 1 to the ground and prevent the equipment from moving relative to the ground during operation due to loosening of the bolts.

[0081] like Figure 2 As shown, the support platform 2 is located on the side of the base 1 away from the ground and is connected to the base 1. The support platform 2 has a plate-like structure.

[0082] like Figure 4 As shown, the support platform 2 has a first slide rail 21 on its wall surface. The first slide rail 21 is a pneumatic slide rail and extends in the vertical direction.

[0083] For example, there may be two first slide rails 21, which are parallel to each other and both extend in the vertical direction.

[0084] This improves the sliding stability between the first slide 4 and the support platform 2.

[0085] For example, the support platform 2 can be perpendicular to the base 1.

[0086] In this way, the first slide rail 21 can be perpendicular to the base 1, and the sliding direction of the first slide table 4 relative to the first slide rail 21 is perpendicular to the base 1.

[0087] like Figure 1 As shown, the lifting mechanism 3 is located above the base 1 and along the outer normal direction of the wall with the first slide rail 21, and is connected to the base 1. The lifting mechanism 3 is used to lift the part 100 to be disassembled.

[0088] In one example, such as Figure 3 As shown, the lifting mechanism 3 includes multiple guide rods 31, multiple linear bearings 32, a base 33, a lifting plate 34, and a lifting cylinder 35.

[0089] The guide rod 31 has a cylindrical structure and is connected to the base 1. The guide rod 31 can be perpendicular to the base 1. The connection between the guide rod 31 and the base 1 can be welding.

[0090] The linear bearing 32 has a cylindrical structure, and its outer wall is in contact with the inner wall of the guide rod 31. The linear bearing 32 is at least partially located in the cylindrical structure and is slidably connected to the inner wall of the guide rod 31.

[0091] Optionally, the outer wall of the linear bearing 32 and the inner wall of the guide rod 31 can be a transition fit.

[0092] Optionally, the inner wall of the guide rod 31 may have a limiting protrusion (not shown), with a reference distance between the limiting protrusion and the end of the guide rod 31 near the base 1. When the lower end of the linear bearing 32 abuts against the limiting protrusion, the upper end of the linear bearing 32 is flush with the guide rod 31.

[0093] The two ends of the base 33 are connected to the linear bearing 32 and the lifting plate 34, respectively.

[0094] The lifting plate 34 is located on the side of the base 33 away from the linear bearing 32 and is connected to the base 33. The wall surface of the lifting plate 34 away from the base 1 has a plurality of locating pins 341, which engage with a plurality of locating holes in the part 100 to be disassembled.

[0095] For example, the number of locating pins 341 is at least two, for example, there can be two or three.

[0096] In this way, the part to be disassembled 100 can be positioned by the cooperation between the positioning pin 341 and the positioning hole in the part to be disassembled 100, and the part to be disassembled 100 can be prevented from sliding or rotating relative to the lifting plate 34.

[0097] Optionally, the lifting plate 34 and the seat 33 can be an integrally formed structure.

[0098] The lifting cylinder 35 is located on the side of the base 33 near the linear bearing 32 and is connected to the base 33. The lifting cylinder 35 is an electrically controlled cylinder and is connected to the interior of the guide rod 31.

[0099] When the inner wall of the guide rod 31 has a limiting protrusion, the air outlet of the lifting cylinder 35 can be connected to the interior of the guide rod 31, and the connection position between the air outlet and the guide rod 31 is located between the limiting protrusion and the end of the guide rod 31 near the base 1.

[0100] In practice, when the lifting cylinder 35 is in the air-discharge state, gas enters the guide rod 31 from the lifting cylinder 35, increasing the air pressure inside the cylinder. This increases the thrust of the air pressure on the linear bearing 32, causing the linear bearing 32 to slide upwards, pushing the seat 33 and lifting plate 34 upwards. When the lifting cylinder 35 is in the air-intake state, gas enters from the guide rod 31 and exits the lifting cylinder 35, decreasing the air pressure inside the cylinder. This reduces the thrust of the air pressure on the linear bearing 32, causing the linear bearing 32 to slide downwards, pushing the seat 33 and lifting plate 34 downwards.

[0101] like Figure 4 As shown, the first slide table 4 has a plate-like structure, such as a rectangular plate-like structure. The first slide table 4 has a first groove (not shown) and a pneumatic protrusion (not shown) on the wall surface near the support platform 2, which cooperate with the first slide rail 21. The first slide table 4 achieves a sliding connection with the support platform 2 in the vertical direction through the cooperation between the first groove, the pneumatic protrusion and the first slide rail 21.

[0102] The first drive mechanism 5 is used to provide power to the first slide table 4 so that the first slide table 4 slides relative to the support table 2 in the vertical direction.

[0103] In one example, the first drive mechanism 5 is a drive cylinder, and the air outlet of the drive cylinder is connected to the first slide rail 21.

[0104] In implementation, the first slide rail 21 has a cylindrical structure, with a pneumatic protrusion located within it, and the outer wall of the pneumatic protrusion adhering to the inner wall of the first slide rail 21. An air inlet can be provided at the lower end of the first slide rail 21, and the air outlet of the drive cylinder can be connected to this air inlet via a pipe. When the drive cylinder is in the air-discharging state, gas enters the first slide rail 21 from the drive cylinder. Within the first slide rail 21, the air pressure in the area between the pneumatic protrusion and the lower end of the first slide rail 21 increases, increasing the thrust of the air pressure on the pneumatic protrusion. Under the action of the air pressure, the pneumatic protrusion slides upward, causing the first slide table 4 to move vertically upward relative to the support platform 2. When the drive cylinder is in the intake state, gas enters the drive cylinder through the first slide rail 21. In the first slide rail 21, the air pressure in the area between the pneumatic protrusion and the lower end of the first slide rail 21 decreases, and the thrust of the air pressure on the pneumatic protrusion decreases. Under the action of gravity, the pneumatic protrusion slides downward, driving the first slide table 4 to move vertically downward relative to the support table 2.

[0105] like Figure 4 As shown, the first slide table 4 has a second slide rail 41 on the wall away from the support table 2, and the second slide rail 41 extends in the horizontal direction.

[0106] For example, there may be two second slide rails 41, which are parallel to each other and both extend in the horizontal direction.

[0107] This improves the sliding stability between the second slide 6 and the first slide 4.

[0108] like Figure 1 As shown, the second drive mechanism 7 is connected to the second slide 6 and is used to drive the second slide 6 to slide in the horizontal direction.

[0109] In one example, such as Figure 4 The second drive mechanism 7 includes a servo motor 71, a reducer 72, a coupling 73, and a screw 74. The output shaft of the servo motor 71, the reducer 72, the coupling 73, and the screw 74 are connected in sequence. The second slide 6 has a threaded hole in the horizontal direction, and the screw 74 mates with the threaded hole.

[0110] The servo motor 71 includes a motor body and an output shaft (both shown). The output shaft of the servo motor 71 is connected to the input shaft of the reducer 72 via a coupling 73. The output shaft of the reducer 72 is connected to the screw 74 via a coupling 73. One end of the screw 74 is connected to the output shaft of the reducer 72 via a coupling 73, and the other end is rotatably connected to the first slide 4.

[0111] For example, the reducer 72 can be a gear reducer or a worm gear reducer. This disclosure does not limit the type of reducer.

[0112] In implementation, when the output shaft of the servo motor 71 rotates in a first direction, the screw 74 rotates in a second direction corresponding to the first direction, causing the second slide 6 to slide in the first direction. When the output shaft of the servo motor 71 rotates in a third direction, the screw 74 rotates in a fourth direction corresponding to the third direction, causing the second slide 6 to slide in the second direction.

[0113] Among them, the third rotation direction is the opposite of the first rotation direction, the fourth rotation direction is the opposite of the second rotation direction, and the second direction is the opposite of the first direction.

[0114] Optionally, the processor can control the amount of movement of the second slide 6 relative to the first slide 4 by controlling the number of rotations of the servo motor 71.

[0115] like Figure 1 As shown, the part posture detection unit 8 is used to detect the posture of the part 100 to be disassembled during the lifting process. When the part 100 to be disassembled is detected to be in an abnormal posture, an alarm signal is sent to the bolt loosening device.

[0116] In one example, such as Figure 1As shown, the bolt loosening device also includes a fixing frame 10, which is connected to the guide rod 31. The part posture detection unit 8 includes an infrared transmitter 81 and an infrared receiver 82, which are arranged opposite to each other and are both connected to the fixing frame 10. The infrared light path from the infrared transmitter 81 to the infrared receiver 82 is parallel to the lifting plate 34 and passes through the positioning pin 331.

[0117] In implementation, both the infrared transmitter 81 and the infrared receiver 82 can be electrically connected to the processor. The infrared transmitter 81 emits infrared light to the infrared receiver 82, which receives the emitted infrared light. The infrared receiver 82 then forms an infrared spectrum and sends it to the processor. The following are some possible shapes of the infrared spectrum:

[0118] (1) such as Figure 6 As shown, infrared receiver 82 receives the complete infrared spectrum. This situation corresponds to the absence of any part 100 to be removed above the lifting plate 34.

[0119] (2) For example Figure 7 As shown, the infrared receiver 82 receives an infrared spectrum with infrared light at only both ends. This corresponds to the situation where the part 100 to be disassembled is located on the lifting plate 34 and its posture is normal.

[0120] (3) such as Figure 8 As shown, infrared receiver 82 receives an infrared spectrum with an irregular shape. This situation corresponds to the part 100 to be disassembled being located on the lifting plate 34 and in an abnormal posture.

[0121] After receiving the infrared spectrum sent by the infrared receiver 82, the processor can compare the shape of the infrared spectrum with the pre-stored reference shape. When the shape of the infrared spectrum does not match the reference shape, an alarm signal is triggered.

[0122] In one example, such as Figure 5 As shown, the infrared transmitter 81 has a first light-emitting port 811 and a second light-emitting port 812. The infrared light path between the first light-emitting port 811 and the infrared receiver 82 is the first infrared light path, and the infrared light path between the second light-emitting port 812 and the infrared receiver 82 is the second infrared light path.

[0123] During the sliding process of the linear bearing 32 relative to the guide rod 31, the minimum height of the lifting plate 34 away from the wall of the base 1 is the first value, the maximum height of the lifting plate 34 away from the wall of the base 1 is the second value, the height of the first infrared light path is equal to the first value, and the height of the second infrared light path is equal to the second value.

[0124] In practice, the lifting plate 34 slides vertically under the action of the linear bearing 32. The lifting plate 34 has multiple positioning pins 341 on the wall surface away from the base 1. During the sliding process of the linear bearing 32 relative to the guide rod 31, the first infrared light path and the second infrared light path correspond to the maximum height and minimum height that the positioning pins 341 can reach, respectively.

[0125] Thus, the infrared light path between the first light outlet 811 and the infrared receiver 82 is the first infrared light path, which can detect whether the positioning pin 341 has deformed. The infrared light path between the second light outlet 812 and the infrared receiver 82 is the second infrared light path, which can detect whether the positioning pin 341 is engaged in the positioning hole of the part to be disassembled 100 when the part to be disassembled 100 is lifted to the highest position by the lifting plate 34. In other words, it can detect whether the part to be disassembled 100 is in an abnormal posture.

[0126] In one example, both the infrared transmitter 81 and the infrared receiver 82 are electrically connected to the processor. The infrared transmitter 81 and the infrared receiver 82 can also be used to determine whether the lifting platform 34 has risen to the correct position and whether it has lowered to the correct position.

[0127] In practice, the lifting plate 34 slides vertically under the action of the linear bearing 32. The first infrared light path and the second infrared light path correspond to the maximum and minimum heights that the lifting plate 34 can reach, respectively. When the height of the lifting plate 34 is at the first value, it is determined that the lifting plate 34 has descended to the correct position; when the height of the lifting plate 34 is at the second value, it is determined that the lifting plate 34 has risen to the correct position. When the lifting plate 34 has risen to the correct position, the processor controls the first drive mechanism 5 and the second drive mechanism 7, respectively, to move the first slide 4 and the second slide 6, so that the pneumatic loosening gun 9 moves to the designated position for subsequent loosening of the bolts.

[0128] like Figure 2 As shown, the pneumatic rotary loosening gun 9 is located on the side of the second slide 6 away from the first slide 4, and is connected to the second slide 6.

[0129] The pneumatic loosening gun 9 is used to loosen the bolts 101 on the part 100 to be disassembled.

[0130] In implementation, refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2The processor can adjust the position of the pneumatic loosening gun 9 by controlling the movement of the first slide 4 and the second slide 6, so that the loosening gun head 91 of the pneumatic loosening gun 9 engages with the bolt 101 on the part to be disassembled 100. The pneumatic loosening gun 9 is electrically connected to the processor, which controls the opening and closing of the electrically controlled shut-off valve 92 to switch the pneumatic loosening gun 9 from the closed state to the open state. When the pneumatic loosening gun 9 is in the open state, the loosening gun head 91 of the pneumatic loosening gun 9 rotates. Due to the engagement between the loosening gun head 91 and the bolt 101 on the part to be disassembled 100, the loosening gun head 91 drives the bolt 101 to rotate, thereby completing the loosening and disassembly of the bolt 101.

[0131] Optionally, the processor can control the duration for which the pneumatic loosening gun 9 is in the open state by controlling the opening time of the electrically controlled shut-off valve 92.

[0132] In one example, the pneumatic rotary loosening gun 9 includes multiple rotary loosening gun heads 91, which are arranged in a matrix.

[0133] In practice, multiple bolts are usually fixed on the engine camshaft bearing cover, and these bolts are arranged in a matrix.

[0134] In this way, the pneumatic loosening gun 9 is configured to have multiple loosening gun heads 91, which are distributed in a matrix and correspond to the positions of multiple bolts on the engine camshaft bearing cover. The pneumatic loosening gun 9 can loosen multiple bolts at the same time, thereby improving the efficiency of bolt loosening and disassembly.

[0135] In one example, such as Figure 9 As shown, the loosening gun head 91 has a hexagonal groove 911, and the bolt 101 is a hexagonal bolt, with the hexagonal groove cooperating with the bolt 101.

[0136] In the hexagonal groove, the two opposite walls can each have a first low-voltage terminal 9111 and a second low-voltage terminal 9112, which are electrically connected to the processor.

[0137] For example, both the first low-voltage terminal 9111 and the second low-voltage terminal 9112 are made of conductive materials, such as copper or aluminum.

[0138] In practice, the processor can determine whether the part 100 to be disassembled is in an abnormal posture based on whether the first low-voltage terminal and the second low-voltage terminal are connected.

[0139] Specifically, the processor can send an electrical signal to the first low-voltage terminal. If the processor receives the signal through the second low-voltage terminal, it indicates that the hexagonal groove and the hexagonal bolt have successfully engaged, and the part 100 to be disassembled is in a normal position. If the processor does not receive the signal through the second low-voltage terminal, it indicates that the hexagonal groove and the hexagonal bolt have not successfully engaged, and the part 100 to be disassembled is in an abnormal position. After determining that the part 100 to be disassembled is in an abnormal position, the processor can trigger an alarm signal to prompt the technician that the part 100 to be disassembled is in an abnormal position and needs to be adjusted.

[0140] The following describes some optional structural features of bolt loosening equipment:

[0141] Structural Features 1: The bolt loosening equipment may also include a first roller conveyor 11 and a second roller conveyor 12.

[0142] like Figure 2 As shown, the first roller conveyor 11 is located between the support platform 2 and the lifting mechanism 3. The second roller conveyor 12 is located on the side of the lifting mechanism 3 away from the support platform 2 and is parallel to the first roller conveyor 11. The height of the upper roller surface of the second roller conveyor 12 and the upper roller surface of the first roller conveyor 11 are both the third value, which is greater than the first value and less than the second value.

[0143] In this way, the parts to be disassembled 100 can be transported to the top of the lifting mechanism 3 via the first roller conveyor 11 and the second roller conveyor 12, so that the lifting mechanism 3 can move the parts to be disassembled 100 upwards, eliminating the need for manual handling of the parts to be disassembled 100 and improving efficiency.

[0144] Structural Feature 2: The bolt loosening equipment may also include a stop mechanism 13.

[0145] like Figure 2 As shown, the blocking mechanism 13 is connected to the fixed frame 10 and is used to block the part 100 to be disassembled.

[0146] In practice, the first roller conveyor 11 and the second roller conveyor 12 are used to transport the part to be disassembled 100 to the top of the lifting mechanism 3. When the part to be disassembled 100 is above the lifting mechanism 3, the telescopic end of the blocking mechanism 13 can extend from between the first roller conveyor 11 and the support platform 2 to between the first roller conveyor 11 and the second roller conveyor 12 to block the part to be disassembled 100.

[0147] In this way, when the lifting plate 34 moves upward, the part to be disassembled 100 is located directly above the lifting plate 34, which can improve the stability during the process of lifting the part to be disassembled 100.

[0148] In one example, the blocking mechanism 13 further includes a part arrival detection unit connected to the blocking mechanism 13, which is used to control the extension or retraction of the telescopic end of the blocking mechanism 13 based on the part 100 to be disassembled on the first roller conveyor 11 and the second roller conveyor 12.

[0149] The part arrival detection unit may include an infrared transmitter and an infrared receiver. This disclosure does not limit the type of part arrival detection unit.

[0150] The above optional structural features can be used individually or in combination.

[0151] The technical solutions provided by the embodiments of this disclosure have at least the following beneficial effects:

[0152] This disclosure provides a bolt loosening device. In this device, a lifting mechanism is used to lift the part to be disassembled. A first slide table is slidably connected to a support table in the vertical direction. A first driving mechanism drives the first slide table to slide vertically. A second slide table is located on the side of the first slide table away from the support table and is slidably connected to the first slide table in the horizontal direction. A pneumatic loosening gun is connected to the second slide table. Thus, the first slide table, the first driving mechanism, the second slide table, the second driving mechanism, and the part posture detection unit can adjust the relative position of the pneumatic loosening gun and the part to be disassembled, so that the pneumatic loosening gun engages with the bolts on the part to be disassembled. The pneumatic loosening gun is then used to loosen the bolts on the part to be disassembled, eliminating the need for manual loosening and thus improving the efficiency of loosening the bolts on the part to be disassembled.

[0153] This disclosure provides an assembly line that includes the bolt loosening device described above.

[0154] The above description is merely an optional embodiment of this disclosure and is not intended to limit this disclosure. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this disclosure should be included within the protection scope of this disclosure.

Claims

1. A bolt loosening apparatus, characterized by, The bolt loosening device includes a base (1), a support platform (2), a lifting mechanism (3), a first slide (4), a first drive mechanism (5), a second slide (6), a second drive mechanism (7), a part posture detection unit (8), a pneumatic loosening gun (9), and a fixing frame (10). The support platform (2) is connected to the base (1); The lifting mechanism (3) includes multiple guide rods (31), multiple linear bearings (32), a seat (33), a lifting plate (34), and a lifting cylinder (35). The guide rods (31) have a cylindrical structure and are connected to the base (1). The linear bearings (32) are at least partially located in the cylindrical structure and are slidably connected to the inner wall of the guide rods (31). The seat (33) is connected to the linear bearings (32) and the lifting plate (34) respectively. The lifting plate (34) has multiple positioning pins (341) on the wall away from the base (1). The multiple positioning pins (341) cooperate with multiple positioning holes in the parts to be disassembled (100). The lifting cylinder (35) is an electrically controlled cylinder and is connected to the inside of the cylindrical structure. The fixing frame (10) is connected to the guide rods (31). The first slide (4) and the support platform (2) are slidably connected in the vertical direction; The first drive mechanism (5) is used to drive the first slide (4) to slide in the vertical direction; The second slide (6) is located on the side of the first slide (4) away from the support platform (2), and is slidably connected to the first slide (4) in the horizontal direction; The second drive mechanism (7) is used to drive the second slide (6) to slide in the horizontal direction; The part posture detection unit (8) includes an infrared transmitter (81), an infrared receiver (82), and a processor. The infrared transmitter (81) and the infrared receiver (82) are arranged opposite to each other and are both connected to the fixing frame (10). The infrared light path from the infrared transmitter (81) to the infrared receiver (82) is parallel to the lifting plate (34) and passes through the positioning pin (341). The infrared transmitter (81) emits infrared light to the infrared receiver (82). The infrared receiver (82) receives the infrared light and forms an infrared spectrum. It then sends the infrared spectrum to the processor. The processor compares the shape of the infrared spectrum with a pre-stored reference shape. When the shape of the infrared spectrum does not match the reference shape, it determines that the part to be disassembled (100) is in an abnormal posture and triggers an alarm signal. The pneumatic loosening gun (9) is connected to the second slide (6). The pneumatic loosening gun (9) includes a loosening gun head (91), which is used to loosen the hexagonal bolts (101) on the part to be disassembled (100). The loosening gun head (91) has a hexagonal groove (911). Two opposite walls in the hexagonal groove (911) have a first low-voltage terminal (9111) and a second low-voltage terminal (9112), respectively. The first low-voltage terminal (9111) The first low-voltage terminal (9111) and the second low-voltage terminal (9112) are electrically connected to the processor. The processor sends an electrical signal to the first low-voltage terminal (9111). If the processor can receive the electrical signal through the second low-voltage terminal (9112), it determines that the part to be disassembled (100) is in a normal posture. If the processor cannot receive the electrical signal through the second low-voltage terminal (9112), it determines that the part to be disassembled (100) is in an abnormal posture and triggers an alarm signal.

2. Bolt loosening apparatus according to claim 1, characterised in that During the sliding process of the linear bearing (32) relative to the guide rod (31), the minimum height of the lifting plate (34) away from the wall of the base (1) is a first value, and the maximum height of the lifting plate (34) away from the wall of the base (1) is a second value. The infrared transmitter (81) has a first light-emitting port (811) and a second light-emitting port (812). The height of the first light-emitting port (811) to the first infrared light path of the infrared receiver (82) is the first value, and the height of the second light-emitting port (812) to the second infrared light path of the infrared receiver (82) is the second value.

3. Bolt loosening apparatus according to claim 2, characterised in that The bolt loosening device also includes a first roller conveyor (11) and a second roller conveyor (12). The first roller conveyor (11) is located between the support platform (2) and the lifting mechanism (3). The second roller conveyor (12) is located on the side of the lifting mechanism (3) away from the support platform (2) and is parallel to the first roller conveyor (11). The height of the upper roller surface of the second roller conveyor (12) and the upper roller surface of the first roller conveyor (11) are both a third value, which is greater than the first value and less than the second value.

4. Bolt loosening apparatus according to claim 3, characterised in that The bolt loosening device also includes a stop mechanism (13). The blocking mechanism (13) is connected to the fixed frame (10) and is used to block the part (100) to be disassembled.

5. The bolt unfastening apparatus according to claim 1, characterized by, The support platform (2) has a first slide rail (21) extending in the vertical direction. The first slide rail (21) is a pneumatic slide rail. The first slide table (4) is slidably connected to the first slide rail (21). The first driving mechanism (5) is a driving cylinder, which is connected to the first slide rail (21) and is used to drive the first slide table (4) to slide on the first slide rail (21).

6. The bolt unfastening apparatus according to claim 1, characterized by, The first slide (4) has a second slide rail (41) extending in the horizontal direction on the wall surface away from the support platform (2), the second slide (6) is slidably connected to the second slide rail (41), and the second slide (6) has a threaded hole in the horizontal direction; The second drive mechanism (7) includes a servo motor (71), a reducer (72), a coupling (73), and a screw (74). The output shaft of the servo motor (71), the reducer (72), the coupling (73) and the screw (74) are connected in sequence, and the screw (74) is engaged with the threaded hole.

7. Bolt loosening apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterised in that, The pneumatic rotary loosening gun (9) includes multiple rotary loosening gun heads (91), which are arranged in a matrix.

8. A pipeline, characterized in that, The production line includes the bolt loosening equipment as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

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