Multi-sided combined offshore floating photovoltaic system

Abstract

The present application provides a kind of multi-edge type combined offshore floating photovoltaic system, comprising: a plurality of floating units, each floating unit includes: a plurality of floats, each float is configured as a bar structure, the fixed end of a plurality of floats is connected and extends radially outward from the fixed end, each float includes: a plurality of pontoons, which are arranged in parallel along the length direction of the bar structure, each pontoon is configured to be detachably connected to an adjacent pontoon;And two groups of support rods are installed in parallel on the pontoons along the length direction of the pontoons;A plurality of support parts are respectively provided on the support rods and are configured to be substantially the same as the extension direction of the floats, so that the floating units form a polygonal structure;And a plurality of photovoltaic assemblies are provided on the support parts and are suitable for collecting solar energy and converting it into electrical energy for collection.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] At least one embodiment of the present invention relates to the field of marine engineering technology, and more particularly to a polygonal combination of floating photovoltaic systems at sea. Background Technology

[0002] The development of various clean energy sources, such as hydropower, wind power, and solar power, is an important way to achieve dual-carbon goals. Hydropower and wind power technologies have matured significantly after years of development, but photovoltaic power generation has long been hampered by development costs and the complexity of the marine environment. In recent years, with the continuous decline in the cost of photovoltaic modules, numerous successful cases of onshore photovoltaic and inland lake / river surface photovoltaic development have emerged.

[0003] However, offshore photovoltaic (PV) systems differ from onshore PV systems, experiencing more severe environmental loads such as wind, waves, and currents. Wave loads contribute more significantly to the overall load. Therefore, existing offshore floating PV systems utilize spaced-apart pontoon structures as buoyancy platforms, allowing seawater to flow in and out between adjacent pontoons to avoid increasing the stress on the system caused by seawater flow. In this structure, if a pontoon is damaged, the PV system unit, or even the entire system, needs to be transported to a land or offshore repair platform for replacement, impacting the system's operational efficiency and increasing maintenance difficulty. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the technical problems in the prior art, this invention provides a polygonal combination of floating photovoltaic systems at sea, which employs multiple pontoons that are detachably connected to support rods, and each pontoon can be replaced during the operation of the floating photovoltaic system at sea.

[0005] One aspect of this invention provides a polygonal floating photovoltaic system, comprising multiple floating units and multiple photovoltaic modules. Each floating unit includes multiple floats and multiple support sections. Each float is configured as a strip structure, with fixed ends of the multiple floats connected and extending radially outward from the fixed ends. Each float includes multiple buoy boxes and two sets of support rods. The multiple buoy boxes are arranged parallel to each other along the length direction of the strip structure, and the two sets of support rods are mounted parallel to each buoy box along its length direction. Multiple support sections are respectively disposed on the support rods and configured to extend in the same direction as the floats, such that the floating unit forms a polygonal structure. Multiple photovoltaic modules are disposed on the support sections and are suitable for collecting solar energy and converting it into electrical energy.

[0006] According to an embodiment of the present invention, each of the above-mentioned floating units further includes a plurality of auxiliary units, each adapted to connect the free ends of two adjacent above-mentioned floating bodies.

[0007] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the floating unit further includes a connecting portion disposed at the free end of the floating body. The marine floating photovoltaic system further includes a binding member adapted to horizontally pass through the connecting portions of the plurality of floating units, binding the ends of adjacent floating units with the connecting portions, and flexibly connecting the plurality of floating units.

[0008] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the connecting portion includes a connecting post and a plurality of connecting rods. One end of each of the plurality of connecting rods is respectively disposed on a support portion, the auxiliary unit, or the support rod, and the other end is mounted on the connecting post, suitable for vertically mounting the connecting post at the free end of the floating body. A guide hole is formed between the connecting post and the plurality of connecting rods, through which the binding member passes to connect the plurality of floating units and / or moor the floating photovoltaic system.

[0009] According to an embodiment of the present invention, each of the above-mentioned floats further includes a plurality of fixing frames and a plurality of chains. The plurality of fixing frames extend downward from the two sets of the above-mentioned support rods respectively, and the plurality of chains are detachably connected to the lower end of the fixing frames, and the float is confined within the space formed by the support rods, the fixing frames and the chains.

[0010] According to an embodiment of the present invention, each of the above-mentioned floats includes a pad plate, which is detachably disposed between the above-mentioned float box and the above-mentioned support rod, so as to distribute the buoyancy of the above-mentioned float box to the above-mentioned pad plate.

[0011] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the support portion includes a truss structure and a plurality of tension cables. The truss structure is disposed on the floating body, and each of the tension cables is disposed between two adjacent truss structures. The plurality of tension cables are arranged parallel to each other and spaced apart along the extension direction of the truss structure, and at least one photovoltaic module is suspended between two adjacent tension cables.

[0012] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the truss structure includes an upper chord and a plurality of support columns. The upper chord is disposed above the float and is configured to extend in a direction parallel to the extension direction of the float. The plurality of support columns are disposed between the float and the upper chord, and are adapted to limit the position of the upper chord relative to the float.

[0013] According to an embodiment of the present invention, each of the above-mentioned auxiliary units includes two lower beams and a lower chord. The two lower beams are arranged parallel to each other on the end of the support rod of the adjacent float that is away from the center of the floating unit. An upper beam is arranged parallel to the two lower beams above the two lower beams, and the two ends of the upper beam intersect with the two adjacent upper chord rods respectively.

[0014] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the floating photovoltaic system further includes a plurality of connectors, each of which is constructed as a cuboid. The cuboid has a first protrusion and a second protrusion arranged parallel to each other on opposite sides. The gap formed between the first protrusion and the second protrusion is suitable for snapping the photovoltaic module. The second protrusion is provided with a mounting hole, which is suitable for fixing the photovoltaic module between the first protrusion and the second protrusion by bolts. The connectors are mounted on the tension cable by bolts, and each photovoltaic module is mounted on each floating unit by a plurality of the connectors.

[0015] According to the above embodiments of the present invention, the floating photovoltaic system allows the system to float and move on the water surface according to weather changes or the navigation needs of other maritime vessels, such as ships, without obstructing their navigation. Each floating unit comprises multiple strip-shaped floating bodies formed by multiple buoys and support rods. Each buoy is detachably connected to the support rod, allowing for buoy replacement at sea without transporting the floating unit to a maintenance platform. This improves the operational efficiency of the floating photovoltaic system and reduces the difficulty of offshore maintenance. The floating units can be constructed, transported, and installed as a whole or modularly, and through multiple flexible combination and splicing methods, are suitable for offshore photovoltaic projects of any size and installed capacity. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a front view of the connection of multiple floating units in an embodiment of the floating photovoltaic system of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 2 This is a front view of the floating unit in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 3 for Figure 2 The side view of the floating unit shown;

[0019] Figure 4 for Figure 2 A 3D view of the floating unit shown;

[0020] Figure 5 A cross-sectional view along the width of the floating body showing the connection between the pontoon and the fixed part and the truss structure;

[0021] Figure 6 This is a front view of the connection between the photovoltaic module and the tension cable according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 7 for Figure 6 The side view shown shows the connection between the photovoltaic module and the tension cable;

[0023] Figure 8 for Figure 7 A partially enlarged view of the side view showing the connection between the photovoltaic module and the tension cable;

[0024] Figure 9 for Figure 2 A three-dimensional view showing the connection between the floating body and the truss structure;

[0025] Figure 10 for Figure 2 A partial enlarged view of the middle part of the floating unit shown; and

[0026] Figure 11 This is a 3D diagram showing the connection between adjacent floating units.

[0027] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0028] 1-Floating body;

[0029] 2-Supporting part;

[0030] 3- Photovoltaic modules;

[0031] 4-Auxiliary Units;

[0032] 5-Connecting part;

[0033] 6-Floating unit;

[0034] 7-Binding accessories;

[0035] 8-Anchor chain;

[0036] 9-Shackle;

[0037] 10-Fixing pin;

[0038] 11-Connecting post;

[0039] 12-Connecting rod;

[0040] 13- Truss structure;

[0041] 14-String cable;

[0042] 15 - Top chord;

[0043] 16-Support column;

[0044] 17-Linker;

[0045] 18 - First protrusion;

[0046] 19-Second protrusion;

[0047] 20- Bolt;

[0048] 21-Diagonal brace;

[0049] 22-Side bar;

[0050] 23-Center rod;

[0051] 24 - Reinforcing bar;

[0052] 25-floating tank;

[0053] 26-Support rod;

[0054] 27 - Cable guide hole;

[0055] 28-Fixed bracket;

[0056] 29-Chains;

[0057] 30-Lower beam;

[0058] 31-Upper beam;

[0059] 32-Plate;

[0060] 33-filler; and

[0061] 34 - Shell. Detailed Implementation

[0062] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments and the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention can be implemented in different forms and should not be construed as being limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided to make the disclosure thorough and complete, and to fully convey the scope of the invention to those skilled in the art. In the accompanying drawings, for clarity, the dimensions and relative dimensions of layers and regions may be exaggerated, and the same reference numerals denote the same elements throughout.

[0063] Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, it should be understood that these descriptions are exemplary only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. In the following detailed description, numerous specific details are set forth to provide a thorough understanding of the embodiments of the invention for ease of explanation. However, it will be apparent that one or more embodiments may be practiced without these specific details. Furthermore, descriptions of well-known structures and techniques are omitted in the following description to avoid unnecessarily obscuring the concept of the invention.

[0064] The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the invention. The terms “comprising,” “including,” etc., as used herein indicate the presence of the stated features, steps, operations, and / or components, but do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, steps, operations, or components.

[0065] All terms used herein (including technical and scientific terms) have the meanings commonly understood by those skilled in the art, unless otherwise defined. It should be noted that the terms used herein are to be interpreted in a manner consistent with the context of this specification, and not in an idealized or overly rigid way.

[0066] To facilitate understanding of the technical solutions of this invention by those skilled in the art, the following technical terms are explained below.

[0067] When using expressions such as "at least one of A, B, and C," the expression should generally be interpreted in accordance with the meaning commonly understood by a person skilled in the art (e.g., "a system having at least one of A, B, and C" should include, but is not limited to, systems having A alone, having B alone, having C alone, having A and B, having A and C, having B and C, and / or having A, B, and C, etc.). When using expressions such as "at least one of A, B, or C," the expression should generally be interpreted in accordance with the meaning commonly understood by a person skilled in the art (e.g., "a system having at least one of A, B, or C" should include, but is not limited to, systems having A alone, having B alone, having C alone, having A and B, having A and C, having B and C, and / or having A, B, and C, etc.).

[0068] Unlike onshore photovoltaic systems, offshore photovoltaic systems are subjected to more severe and random environmental loads such as wind, waves, and currents. Wave loads contribute more to the total load (about 50%), and there is also a coupling effect between environmental loads and the movement of the floating platform. More robust floating platforms and mooring designs are required to withstand the severe environmental impacts, which results in offshore photovoltaic systems costing 25%-30% more than onshore photovoltaic systems.

[0069] Figure 1 This is a front view of the connection of multiple floating units in an embodiment of the floating photovoltaic system of the present invention. Figure 2 This is a front view of the floating unit according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 3 for Figure 2 The side view of the floating unit shown. Figure 4 for Figure 2 The floating unit shown is a 3D diagram.

[0070] One aspect of this invention provides a polygonal combination of floating photovoltaic systems for marine applications, such as... Figure 1 As shown, it includes multiple floating units 6 and multiple photovoltaic modules 3 ( Figure 1 Not shown in the image, will be referred to later. Figures 6 to 8 (Detailed description). For example... Figure 2-4As shown, each floating unit 6 includes multiple floats 1 and multiple support parts 2. Each float is constructed as a strip structure, with the fixed ends of the multiple floats 1 connected and extending radially outward from the fixed ends. Each float 1 includes multiple pontoons 25 and two sets of support rods 26. The multiple pontoons 25 are arranged parallel to each other along the length direction of the strip structure, and the two sets of support rods 26 are detachably mounted on the pontoons 25 parallel to each other along the length direction of the pontoons 25. Multiple support parts 2 are respectively disposed on the support rods 26 and are constructed in the same direction of extension as the floats 1, so that the floating unit 6 forms a polygonal structure. Multiple photovoltaic modules 3 are disposed on the support parts 2, suitable for collecting solar energy and converting it into electrical energy for collection.

[0071] According to the above embodiments of the present invention, the floating photovoltaic system allows the photovoltaic system to float and move on the water surface according to weather changes or the navigation needs of other maritime vessels, such as ships, by using the floating unit 6 as the support structure for each photovoltaic module, so as not to obstruct the navigation of other maritime vessels. Each floating unit includes multiple strip-shaped floating bodies formed by multiple buoys and support rods. Each buoy is detachably connected to the support rod, allowing the buoys to be replaced at sea without transporting the floating unit to a maintenance platform, thus improving the operating efficiency of the floating photovoltaic system and reducing the difficulty of at-sea maintenance.

[0072] When wave height exceeds a certain value, large-scale floating structures may experience adverse conditions such as sagging and camber. According to an embodiment of the present invention, the offshore floating photovoltaic system connects the fixed ends of multiple floating bodies 1, extending radially outward from these fixed ends. This positions the fixed ends of the floating bodies at the center of the polygonal structure formed by each floating unit, making the floating unit structure more stable and able to resist a certain degree of camber and sagging loads. The floating units can be constructed, transported, and installed as a whole or modularly. Through multiple flexible combination and splicing methods, it is suitable for offshore photovoltaic projects of any size sea area and any installed capacity.

[0073] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the floating unit 6 is a regular polygonal structure, such as a regular hexagon, a regular decagon, etc.

[0074] In one illustrative embodiment, such as Figures 1 to 4 As shown, each floating unit is constructed as a regular hexagonal structure, including 6 floats. The fixed ends of the 6 floats are connected to the center of the regular hexagonal structure, and each float extends outward radially along the fixed end, so that each float 1 is located on the three diagonals of the regular hexagonal structure.

[0075] In another illustrative embodiment, each floating unit is configured as a regular octagonal structure comprising eight floats, the fixed ends of which are connected to the center of the regular octagonal structure, and each float extends outward radially along the fixed ends, such that the eight floats 1 are respectively located on the four diagonals of the regular octagonal structure.

[0076] Figure 5 A cross-sectional view along the width of the floating body showing the connection between the pontoon and the fixed part and truss structure.

[0077] According to embodiments of the present invention, such as Figure 5 As shown, the float 25 includes a shell 34 and filler 33 filled in the shell 34.

[0078] In one illustrative embodiment, the shell is made of high-density polyethylene (HDPE) and the filler is polystyrene (EPS) foam.

[0079] According to embodiments of the present invention, such as Figure 5 As shown, each float 1 also includes multiple mounting brackets 28 and multiple chains 29. The mounting brackets 28 extend downwards from two sets of support rods 26, and the chains 29 are detachably connected to the lower ends of the mounting brackets 28. The float 25 is confined within the space formed by the support rods 26, the mounting brackets 28, and the chains 29. For example, when it is necessary to disassemble or replace the float, the chains 29 can be detached from at least one set of mounting brackets 28, and then the float 25 can be pulled out from the mounting brackets 28.

[0080] According to embodiments of the present invention, such as Figures 2-5 As shown, a crossbar perpendicular to the support rods 26 is also installed between the two sets of support rods 26, so that the two sets of support rods can be stably installed on the pontoon 25.

[0081] In one illustrative embodiment, the support rod 26 is connected to the crossbar by welding.

[0082] In one illustrative embodiment, such as Figure 4 As shown, the fixing frame extends downward from the node where the crossbar and the support rod are connected.

[0083] According to embodiments of the present invention, such as Figure 5 As shown, each float also includes a pad 32, which is detachably disposed between the float box 25 and the support rod 26 to distribute the buoyancy of the float box 25 to the pad 32.

[0084] In one illustrative embodiment, the pad 32 is a wooden pad.

[0085] In one illustrative embodiment, a pad is provided on at least two adjacent pontoons.

[0086] According to an embodiment of the present invention, by providing a detachable chain 29, the float 25 and / or the pad 32 can be replaced at sea for the floating photovoltaic system, reducing maintenance costs.

[0087] In one illustrative embodiment, such as Figure 2 As shown, each floating body includes eight pontoons 25 arranged in sequence, with two support rods arranged in sequence along the length of the pontoons to provide buoyancy for the floating photovoltaic system at sea.

[0088] In another illustrative embodiment, each float includes 12 sequentially arranged buoy boxes and two sets of support rods 26 arranged parallel to each other along the length of the buoy boxes.

[0089] According to embodiments of the present invention, the pontoon can be a cylindrical structure or a cubic structure.

[0090] In one illustrative embodiment, the pontoon is a cylindrical structure that can further provide ice load resistance to the floating platform and improve structural safety.

[0091] According to an embodiment of the present invention, depending on the stress performance and buoyancy requirements, the width of each pontoon can be 1m-2m and the height can be 0.5m-1m, depending on the self-weight of the entire floating unit. It is necessary to ensure that the buoyancy provided by the pontoon 1 is greater than the maximum downward load by 30% to 50%.

[0092] According to an embodiment of the present invention, each floating unit further includes a plurality of auxiliary units 4, which are respectively adapted to connect the free ends of two adjacent floating bodies, so that each floating unit forms a stable polygonal structure.

[0093] According to an embodiment of the present invention, each auxiliary unit includes two lower beams 30 and an upper beam 31. The two lower beams are arranged parallel to each other at the ends of the support rods of adjacent floats away from the center of the floating unit. The upper beam is arranged parallel to the two lower beams above them, and its two ends are respectively connected to two adjacent upper chord rods (hereinafter referred to as...). Figure 9 (Detailed description) Intersecting. Pairs of load-bearing bars are also installed between the upper and lower beams to limit their relative positions.

[0094] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the auxiliary unit 4 can connect the free end of the float 1 by welding or screwing.

[0095] According to an embodiment of the present invention, each polygonal floating unit 6 can be modularly constructed, towed and installed as a whole. By flexibly combining and splicing multiple floating units, it can be applied to offshore photovoltaic projects of any size sea area and any installed capacity.

[0096] Figure 6This is a front view of the connection between the photovoltaic module and the tension cable according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 7 for Figure 6 The side view shown depicts the connection between the photovoltaic module and the tension cable. Figure 8 for Figure 7 A partially enlarged side view of the photovoltaic module connected to the tension cable.

[0097] According to embodiments of the present invention, such as Figures 2 to 5 As shown, the support portion 2 includes a truss structure 13 and a plurality of tension cables 14. The truss structure 13 is mounted on the support rod 26, and each tension cable 14 is positioned between two adjacent truss structures 13. The plurality of tension cables 14 are arranged parallel to each other and spaced apart along the extension direction of the truss structure 13, such as... Figures 6 to 8 As shown, at least one photovoltaic module 3 can be suspended between two adjacent tension cables 14.

[0098] According to an embodiment of the present invention, in order to reduce the direct impact of seawater on the photovoltaic module 3 and avoid direct damage to the photovoltaic module 3, the height of the truss structure 13, after deducting the drooping displacement of the tension cable 14, is still greater than the wave height.

[0099] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the truss structure 13 is a steel truss structure made of anti-corrosion steel pipe, thereby ensuring a long service life of the truss structure in the environment of seawater corrosion.

[0100] Figure 9 for Figure 2 The diagram shows a three-dimensional view of the connection between the floating body and the truss structure.

[0101] According to embodiments of the present invention, such as Figures 2 to 5 and Figure 9 As shown, the truss structure 13 includes an upper chord 15 and a plurality of support columns 16. The upper chord 15 is disposed above the float and is configured to extend in a direction parallel to the extension direction of the float 1. The plurality of support columns 16 are disposed between the float 1 and the upper chord 15, and are used to limit the position of the upper chord relative to the float 1.

[0102] According to embodiments of the present invention, such as Figures 2 to 5 and Figure 9As shown, a truss structure 13 is positioned above the float 1. Multiple truss structures 13 above the float 1 form a support surface suitable for supporting photovoltaic modules. Two sets of support rods 26 on the float 1 serve as the lower chords of the truss structure 13. The pitch of the upper chords 15 is determined by the required spacing of the tension cables 14. At each node of the upper chord 15, a pair of side rods 22 or a pair of diagonal rods 21 are provided as support columns 16 connected to the float 1 to provide longitudinal and lateral support, ensuring the upper chord remains stable relative to the support rods 26. Tension cables 14 are arranged at the nodes of the upper chords 15 of the truss structure 13, connecting the corresponding nodes of the upper chords 15 of two adjacent truss structures 13 above the float 1. Photovoltaic modules 3 can be suspended between two adjacent tension cables 14, and the spacing of the tension cables 14 is adapted to the size of the photovoltaic modules 3.

[0103] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the upper chord 15, the float 1 and the plurality of support columns 16 are connected by welding, riveting or bolting.

[0104] In one illustrative embodiment, such as Figure 4 As shown, the support column 16 includes pairs of side rods 22 and pairs of diagonal rods 21. Multiple pairs of side rods 22 are spaced apart on the nodes of the upper chord and between the two sets of support rods 26. One end of each pair of diagonal rods 21 is set on the node on the support rod 26 that connects to the side rod 22, and the other end is set on the node of the upper chord between adjacent pairs of side rods 22.

[0105] According to embodiments of the present invention, such as Figures 6 to 8 As shown, the floating photovoltaic system also includes multiple connectors 17. Each connector 17 is constructed as a cuboid structure. On opposite sides of the cuboid structure, there are parallel and spaced first protrusions 18 and second protrusions 19. The gap formed between the first protrusions 18 and the second protrusions 19 is suitable for snapping on the photovoltaic module. Mounting holes are provided on the second protrusions 19. The mounting holes are suitable for fixing the photovoltaic module between the first protrusions 18 and the second protrusions 19 with bolts. The connectors 17 are mounted on the tension cable 14 by bolts 20. Each photovoltaic module is mounted on each floating unit by multiple connectors.

[0106] Furthermore, the connecting piece 17 is mounted on the tension cable 14 by U-bolts.

[0107] Figure 10 for Figure 2 A magnified view of the middle part of the floating cell shown.

[0108] According to embodiments of the present invention, such as Figure 2-4 and Figure 10As shown, each floating unit 6 also includes a central rod 23 and multiple reinforcing rods 24. The central rod 23 is upright and positioned at the center of the floating unit 6, and each upper chord rod 15 of the floating unit 6 extends towards the center of the floating unit and is mounted on the central rod 23. The multiple reinforcing rods 24 are connected in pairs on adjacent upper chord rods, wherein the fixed ends of the two sets of support rods 26 of each float extend obliquely to the bottom of the central rod 23.

[0109] In one illustrative embodiment, the distance between the two support rods 26 is approximately 1.5 m, the distance between the upper chord 15 and the support rod 26 is approximately 2.5 m, the length of the support rod is 15 m to 30 m, the spacing between the side rods and the diagonal rods is determined according to the spacing requirements of the tensioned cables, and the diameter of the upper chord and the support rod of the truss structure is approximately 60 mm to 200 mm. The specific dimensions need to be determined through structural strength verification.

[0110] Figure 11 This is a 3D diagram showing the connection between adjacent floating units.

[0111] According to embodiments of the present invention, such as Figure 2-4 and Figure 11 As shown, the floating unit also includes a connecting portion 5 disposed at the free end of the floating body. Figure 11 As shown, the offshore floating photovoltaic system also includes a binding member 7, which is suitable for horizontally passing through the connection part 5 of multiple floating units, binding the ends of adjacent floating units that are provided with the connection part 5, and flexibly connecting multiple floating units 6.

[0112] According to an embodiment of the present invention, multiple polygonal floating units are flexibly connected by a connecting part 8 and a binding member 7, allowing relative rotation and slight displacement between adjacent floating units, thus releasing the degrees of freedom between the polygonal floating units. Consequently, under the fluctuation of ocean waves, the floating photovoltaic system can move with the waves, reducing the connection stress between adjacent floating units, saving structural material costs, and improving the safety of the floating photovoltaic system.

[0113] According to an embodiment of the present invention, by providing the binding member 7 and the connecting part 5, the floating units can be flexibly connected and can be conveniently constructed at sea.

[0114] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the binding member 7 includes any one of the following: a hinged anchor chain, a steel cable, a fiber rope, etc.

[0115] According to embodiments of the present invention, such as Figure 4 and Figure 11As shown, the connecting part includes a connecting post 11 and multiple connecting rods 12. One end of each of the multiple connecting rods 12 is respectively disposed on the support part 2, the auxiliary unit 4, or the support rod 26, and the other end is mounted on the connecting post 11, which is suitable for vertically mounting the connecting post 11 at the free end of the float 1. A guide hole 27 is formed between the connecting post 11 and the multiple connecting rods 12 for the passage of a binding member 7, which passes through the guide hole 27 to connect the multiple floating units 6 and / or moor the offshore floating photovoltaic system.

[0116] According to embodiments of the present invention, such as Figure 4 As shown, the top of the connecting column 11 has an arc-shaped structure. Some of the connecting rods have one end connected to the arc-shaped structure of the connecting column, and the other end connected to the upper chord of the support part 2 and the upper beam of the auxiliary unit, respectively. Some connecting rods have one end connected to the wall surface of the connecting column, and the other end connected to a node where a lower beam of the auxiliary unit intersects with the support rod 26, or to the lower beam of the auxiliary unit. Other connecting rods are also provided as a reinforcing structure between the upper chord 15 and the upper beam 31.

[0117] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the binding portion of the connecting column is wrapped with a layer of wear-resistant rubber.

[0118] In one illustrative embodiment, such as Figure 11 As shown, the binding member 7 is a hinged anchor chain, which includes an anchor chain 8, a shackle 9, and a fixing pin 10. During connection, the anchor chain 8 is first passed through the cable guide holes 27 on the connecting part 5 of each floating unit in sequence, then the anchor chain 8 is connected end to end by the shackle 9, and finally the shackle is fixedly connected to the anchor chain 8 by the fixing pin 10.

[0119] In one illustrative embodiment, the retaining pin 10 can also be replaced by a bolt.

[0120] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the offshore floating photovoltaic system further includes an anchoring foundation and mooring lines. The anchoring foundation is fixed to the seabed, providing an anchoring point for the entire offshore floating photovoltaic system. One end of the mooring line is connected to the connecting part, and the other end is connected to the anchoring foundation, thereby constraining the position of the offshore floating photovoltaic system and ensuring that the position of the offshore floating photovoltaic system does not change significantly under the action of sea winds and waves.

[0121] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the anchoring foundation can be a structure such as a fixed offshore wind turbine foundation or a fixed offshore drilling system foundation, which provides an anchoring point for the offshore floating photovoltaic system while ensuring its own structural stability and safety.

[0122] In one illustrative embodiment, a floating photovoltaic system for marine applications is provided, such as... Figure 1As shown, it includes 13 floating units 6 with hexagonal structures. Each floating unit 6 includes 6 strip-shaped floats, which form the 3 diagonals of the hexagonal structure. Figure 2-4 As shown, each floating body includes eight pontoons and two sets of support rods 26 arranged on the pontoons and parallel to the length of the pontoons. The support section 2 includes a truss structure 13 and tensioned cables 14. The truss structure 13 includes an upper chord 15 and multiple support columns 16. The upper chord is located above the floating body and extends in a direction parallel to the extension direction of the floating body. The support columns 16 are located between the upper chord 15 and the support rods 26. The distance between the upper chord 15 and the support rods 26 is 2.5 m, the distance between two support rods is 1.5 m, the length of the support rod is approximately 25 m, and the node spacing of the upper chord 15 is 2.746 m based on the size of the photovoltaic module 3. Each node of the upper chord 15 is provided with a pair of side rods or a pair of diagonal rods to provide vertical support and lateral stability. The dimensions of all members of the truss structure 13 were determined after structural strength verification using finite element software.

[0123] The distance between the upper beam 31 and the lower beam 30 of auxiliary unit 4 is 2.5 m, the distance between the two lower beams is 1.5 m, and the length of the lower beam is 25 m. The dimensions of the members of the auxiliary unit were determined after structural strength verification using finite element software. The pontoon is a cuboid structure, 1.5 m wide and about 0.8 m high. The total length of the eight pontoons is 22.5 m, so that each pontoon 1 can provide about 162 t of buoyancy. The total weight of the floating unit 6 and the photovoltaic module 3 is 60 t. The buoyancy provided by the pontoon 1 is 30%~50% greater than the compressive load. A wooden pad 32 is placed between the pontoon and the support rod 26 to avoid stress concentration on the pontoon. The dimensions of the fixing frame 28 and the chain 29 were determined after structural strength verification. The tension cable 14 is arranged at the node of the upper chord 15 of the truss structure, and the distance between two adjacent cables is 2.746 m. ​​A single floating unit suspends a total of 468 photovoltaic modules.

[0124] like Figure 1 As shown, a connecting part 5 is provided at the free end of the floating body 1. A hinged anchor chain is used via the connecting part 5 and the lashing member 7 to connect adjacent floating units 6, forming a large-scale floating photovoltaic system comprising 13 floating units 6. The connecting part includes a connecting post 11 and multiple connecting rods 12. The connecting rods 12 vertically connect the connecting post 11 to the end of the free end of the floating body 1, forming a cable guide hole 27 between the connecting post 11 and the connecting rods 12. The cable guide hole 27 allows the hinged anchor chain to pass through and can also serve as a cable guide hole for mooring lines. When connecting adjacent floating platforms, the anchor chain is first passed through the adjacent cable guide holes of each floating platform in sequence, and then the anchor chains are connected end to end using shackles. The connecting part 5 and the lashing member 7 are all designed for a tensile strength of 100t.

[0125] A truss structure 13, consisting of floating bodies and upper chords arranged in six directions, serves as the main support structure and can cope with environmental loads from all directions. Tensioned cables 14 are used between the truss structures to support the photovoltaic modules, effectively saving steel consumption and costs.

[0126] In summary, the embodiments of the present invention provide a floating photovoltaic system for the sea, comprising multiple floating units with polygonal structures. The floating units are arranged in a symmetrical regular polygonal pattern. A truss structure composed of a float and an upper chord is arranged on the diagonal of each floating unit as the main support structure for each floating unit. This arrangement can cope with environmental loads from multiple directions. The photovoltaic modules are supported by tensioned cables between the truss structures, which effectively saves steel consumption and cost. Binding members are set between adjacent floating units to constrain the relative displacement between adjacent floating units, release rotational constraint forces, and reduce the load effects of arching and sagging in waves, thus achieving a balance between structural strength and cost.

[0127] It should be noted that implementations not illustrated or described in the accompanying drawings or the main text of the specification are all forms known to those skilled in the art and are not described in detail. Furthermore, the definitions of the various elements and methods described above are not limited to the specific structures, shapes, or methods mentioned in the embodiments, and those skilled in the art can easily modify or substitute them.

[0128] It should also be noted that the directional terms mentioned in the embodiments, such as "up," "down," "front," "back," "left," and "right," are only for reference to the directions in the accompanying drawings and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Throughout the accompanying drawings, the same elements are represented by the same or similar reference numerals. Conventional structures or constructions will be omitted where they may cause confusion in understanding the present invention, and the shapes and dimensions of the components in the drawings do not reflect actual size and proportion, but are only schematic representations of the embodiments of the present invention.

[0129] Unless otherwise stated, the numerical parameters in this specification and the appended claims are approximate values ​​and can be varied according to the desired characteristics obtained from the content of this invention. Specifically, all figures used in the specification and claims to indicate the content of components, reaction conditions, etc., should be understood to be modified by the term "about" in all cases. Generally, this means that there may be variations of ±10% in some embodiments, ±5% in some embodiments, ±1% in some embodiments, and ±0.5% in some embodiments.

[0130] The use of ordinal numbers such as "first," "second," "third," etc., in the specification and claims to modify the corresponding elements does not imply that the element has any ordinal number, nor does it represent the order of one element with another element, or the order of manufacturing methods. The use of these ordinal numbers is only to enable a named element to be clearly distinguished from another element with the same name.

[0131] Furthermore, unless specifically described or required to occur in a specific order, the order of the above steps is not limited to those listed above and can be varied or rearranged according to the desired design. Moreover, the above embodiments can be used in combination with each other or with other embodiments based on design and reliability considerations; that is, technical features from different embodiments can be freely combined to form more embodiments.

[0132] The above specific embodiments further illustrate the purpose, technical solution, and beneficial effects of the present invention. It should be understood that the above are merely specific embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A polygonal combined floating photovoltaic system for marine applications, characterized in that, include: Multiple floating units (6), each of the floating units (6) comprising: Multiple floats (1), each float (1) is constructed as a strip structure, the fixed ends of the multiple floats (1) are connected and extend outwardly radially from the fixed ends, and the free end of each float (1) is provided with a connecting part (5); each float (1) includes: Multiple pontoons (25) are arranged parallel to each other along the length of the strip structure, each pontoon (25) being configured to be detachably connected to the adjacent pontoon (25); and Two sets of support rods (26) are installed parallel to the length of the pontoon (25) on the pontoon (25); and Multiple support parts (2) are respectively disposed on the support rod (26) and are configured to extend in the same direction as the float (1), so that the floating unit (6) forms a polygonal structure; Multiple auxiliary units (4) are respectively adapted to connect the free ends of two adjacent floats (1); A binding member (7) is adapted to horizontally pass through the connecting portion (5) of a plurality of floating units (6), binding the ends of adjacent floating units (6) provided with the connecting portion (5), and flexibly connecting the plurality of floating units (6); and Multiple photovoltaic modules (3) are mounted on the support (2) and are suitable for collecting solar energy and converting it into electrical energy for collection. The connecting part (5) includes: Connecting post (11); and Multiple connecting rods (12), one end of each connecting rod (12) is respectively disposed on the support (2), the auxiliary unit (4) or the support rod (26), and the other end is mounted on the connecting column (11), suitable for mounting the connecting column (11) upright on the free end of the float (1); wherein, a guide hole (27) is formed between the connecting column (11) and the multiple connecting rods (12) for the binding member (7) to pass through, the binding member (7) passing through the guide hole (27) to connect multiple floating units (6) and / or moor the offshore floating photovoltaic system.

2. The floating photovoltaic system according to claim 1, characterized in that, Each of the aforementioned floats (1) also includes: Multiple mounting brackets (28) extend downward from the two sets of support rods (26); and Multiple chains (29) are detachably connected to the lower end of the fixing frame (28), and the float (25) is confined within the space formed by the support rod (26), the fixing frame (28) and the chains (29).

3. The floating photovoltaic system according to claim 2, characterized in that, Each of the aforementioned floats (1) includes: A pad (32) is detachably disposed between the float (25) and the support rod (26) to distribute the buoyancy of the float (25) onto the pad (32).

4. The offshore floating photovoltaic system according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The support portion (2) includes: A truss structure (13) is disposed on the floating body (1); and Multiple tension cables (14), each of the tension cables (14) being disposed between two adjacent truss structures (13); Among them, a plurality of tension cables (14) are arranged in parallel and spaced along the extension direction of the truss structure (13), and at least one photovoltaic module (3) is suitable for suspension between two adjacent tension cables (14).

5. The floating photovoltaic system according to claim 4, characterized in that, The truss structure (13) includes: The upper chord (15), disposed above the float (1), is configured to extend in a direction parallel to the extension direction of the float (1); and Multiple support columns (16) are disposed between the float (1) and the upper chord (15) to limit the position of the upper chord (15) relative to the float (1).

6. The offshore floating photovoltaic system according to claim 5, characterized in that, Each of the auxiliary units (4) includes: Two lower beams (30) are arranged parallel to each other on the free ends of adjacent floats (1); and The upper beam (31) is arranged above the two lower beams (30) parallel to the two lower beams (30), and the two ends of the upper beam (31) intersect with the two adjacent upper chords (15) respectively.

7. The floating photovoltaic system according to claim 6, characterized in that, Also includes: Multiple connectors (17) are provided, each connector (17) being constructed as a cuboid structure. The cuboid structure has a first protrusion (18) and a second protrusion (19) arranged parallel to each other on opposite sides. The gap formed between the first protrusion (18) and the second protrusion (19) is suitable for snapping the photovoltaic module (3). The second protrusion (19) is provided with a mounting hole, which is suitable for fixing the photovoltaic module (3) between the first protrusion (18) and the second protrusion (19) by bolts (20). The connector (17) is installed on the tension cable (14) by bolts (20). Each photovoltaic module (3) is installed on each floating unit (6) by multiple connectors (17).

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