A device and method for dynamically adjusting the center of gravity of a pile driving hammer in a sloping rock area

Abstract

The application provides a device and method for dynamically adjusting the gravity center of a pile foundation impact hammer in a slanting rock area, which comprises a hammer head, a hydraulic cavity is arranged at the bottom of the hammer body, the hydraulic cavity comprises a hydraulic cavity A, a hydraulic cavity B, a hydraulic cavity C and a hydraulic cavity D, the hydraulic cavity A and the hydraulic cavity C are communicated together, the hydraulic cavity B and the hydraulic cavity D are communicated together, a moving structure and a liquid are arranged in the hydraulic cavity, the moving structure divides the inner cavity of the hydraulic cavity into a left cavity and a right cavity, one end of a gas guide pipe is communicated with the left cavity, the other end of the gas guide pipe is communicated with the right cavity, and the liquid is arranged between the moving structure. A certain amount of heavy density liquid is filled in the hydraulic cavity, the piston is pushed to move, the liquid distribution in the hydraulic cavity is changed, the gravity center of the impact hammer is changed, and the acting force of the impact hammer on the slanting rock is increased.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of highway engineering construction technology, and in particular to a device and method for dynamically adjusting the center of gravity of a pile foundation impact hammer in sloping rock areas. Background Technology

[0002] In highway engineering, the geological conditions of the bridge site area directly affect the technical difficulty and cost of bridge pile foundation construction. Piling in inclined rock areas is a major challenge in pile foundation construction. When encountering inclined rock geology, pile foundation construction may encounter phenomena such as sudden drop of mud in the hole, drill bit drift, drill jumping, inclined hole, and difficulty in lifting the hammer.

[0003] Currently, there are four traditional methods for dealing with sloping rock during pile foundation drilling in highway engineering: sledgehammer drilling, rebar tip placement, riprap filling and backfilling, and plain concrete backfilling. These four methods are costly, difficult, produce poor-quality holes, and have long construction periods.

[0004] The hammer penetration method involves replacing the impact hammer with a heavy hammer or round hammer and increasing its diameter when encountering inclined rock during the impact drilling process. This increases the area and force of the impact hammer acting on the inclined rock. This process increases the force of the impact hammer on the inclined rock to a certain extent, but the effect is not obvious for inclined rocks with an inclination angle of more than 45°. Drill bit drift and inclined hole phenomena still exist.

[0005] The process of throwing steel bar heads involves lifting the impact hammer when encountering sloping rock during the impact drilling process, and throwing the steel bar into the lower part of the sloping rock in the hole to turn the sloping rock surface into a flat surface, making it easier for the impact hammer to strike the rock layer. This process requires accurate calculation of the amount of steel bar to be thrown and precise placement. Moreover, the impact hammer teeth are significantly damaged during the hammering process.

[0006] The riprap backfilling and re-flush method is the most commonly used method for treating inclined rock in percussion drilling operations. When encountering inclined rock during drilling operations, riprap is promptly backfilled to a depth of 1-2 meters above the top of the inclined rock, and the percussion hammer is used for re-flush to increase the force of the hammer on the inclined rock. This treatment process requires that the strength of the riprap is not less than that of the inclined rock, and that the surrounding geology is good so that the riprap is not easily squeezed to the sides. Therefore, the riprap backfilling and re-flush method has a limited scope of application.

[0007] The principle of the backfilling plain concrete method is to backfill C40 grade or higher concrete with the inclined rock to form a solidified body, and then use an impact hammer to re-impact the rock to ensure that the reaction force of the rock mass on the impact hammer is balanced, reducing phenomena such as drill bit drift, skipping drill, inclined hole, and difficulty in lifting the hammer. This treatment process has many construction steps (requiring mud cleaning and ensuring that the concrete is solidified with the inclined rock), a long construction period (requiring waiting for the concrete to solidify), and high construction costs. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a device and method for dynamically adjusting the center of gravity of a pile foundation impact hammer in inclined rock areas. A certain amount of heavy density liquid is filled into the hydraulic chamber, which pushes the piston to move and changes the distribution of liquid in the hydraulic chamber, thereby changing the center of gravity of the impact hammer and increasing the force of the impact hammer on the inclined rock.

[0009] The technical solution adopted by this invention to solve its technical problem is:

[0010] A dynamic center-of-gravity adjustment device for an impact hammer in inclined rock areas includes a hammer head. A hydraulic chamber is provided at the bottom of the hammer head, comprising hydraulic chambers A, B, C, and D. Hydraulic chambers A and C are connected together, and hydraulic chambers B and D are connected together. A movable structure and a high-density liquid are disposed within the hydraulic chamber. The movable structure divides the inner cavity of the hydraulic chamber into a left cavity and a right cavity. One end of a vent pipe is connected to the left cavity, and the other end of the vent pipe is connected to the right cavity. The liquid is disposed between the movable structure, which includes a piston that is movably disposed within the inner cavity of the hydraulic chamber.

[0011] A screw is connected to the piston. A screw inlet is provided at the end of the hydraulic chamber. An internal thread is provided in the screw inlet, which corresponds to the external thread of the screw. A guide hole is provided on the piston, and a slot is provided in the guide hole. One end of the screw is provided with an inner hole, and two clamping blocks are connected in the inner hole. A spring is connected between the clamping blocks, and the clamping blocks correspond to the slot. The other end of the screw passes through the screw inlet and is connected to a handle.

[0012] The inner hole has a through hole and a locking hole on its side wall. One end of the elastic piece is connected to the locking block, and the other end of the elastic piece is connected to the inner hole. The outer wall of the elastic piece has a release key, which is movably disposed in the through hole. The locking block is movably disposed in the locking hole.

[0013] Bearings are provided at both ends of the hydraulic chamber, and a lead screw is provided between the bearings. The piston is provided with an internal threaded hole, which corresponds to the external thread of the lead screw. A guide groove is provided on the inner wall of the hydraulic chamber. The two sides of the piston are movably arranged along the length of the guide groove. A rocker arm is connected to the end of the lead screw.

[0014] The volume of the liquid is less than half the volume of the hydraulic chamber.

[0015] Hydraulic chambers A and C are horizontally arranged, hydraulic chambers B and D are horizontally arranged, hydraulic chambers A and B are vertically arranged, and hydraulic chambers C and D are vertically arranged.

[0016] A method for adjusting the dynamic adjustment device of the center of gravity of a pile foundation impact hammer in inclined rock areas includes the following steps:

[0017] S1. Based on the orientation of the inclined rock, adjust the positions of the pistons in hydraulic chambers A, B, C, and D. Generally, it is necessary to adjust the piston positions in two hydraulic chambers. Connect the push screw to the screw inlet. The handle drives the screw to rotate in the screw inlet. The inner hole at the end of the screw moves towards the piston. The clamping block extends into the guide hole. The inner wall of the guide hole compresses the distance between the two clamping blocks. The spring is also compressed. When the clamping block moves to the position of the slot, under the action of the spring's restoring force, the spring pushes the clamping block into the slot, thereby connecting the screw and the piston together.

[0018] S2. After the screw and piston are locked together, when the handle drives the screw to rotate clockwise, the piston is pushed forward, and the piston pushes the liquid forward.

[0019] S3. After the piston is pushed to the middle limit position, the screw separates from the handle, the protective cover is put on, the hammer is lowered into the hole, the position is corrected, and the impact continues to form a hole.

[0020] S4. After the hammerhead passes through the inclined rock layer, hoist the hammerhead to a safe position, open the protective cover, connect the screw to the handle, and when the handle drives the screw to rotate in the opposite direction, it pulls the piston to move backward, and the piston drives the liquid to move backward.

[0021] S5. After the adjustment is completed, when the piston reaches the edge limit position, press the release button. The elastic plate drives the clamping block to compress, and the clamping block disengages from the slot, thereby separating the piston from the screw. Continue to rotate in the opposite direction, and the screw will be screwed out of the screw inlet. Cover with the protective cover, and the impact hammer will be hoisted into the hole to correct the position and continue to impact to form a hole.

[0022] The outer end of the clamping block is inclined, and the outer diameter of the inner hole is smaller than the inner diameter of the guide hole.

[0023] The hammerhead is equipped with a suspension rope at the top and suspension rings on both sides.

[0024] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0025] 1. By setting at least four hydraulic chambers inside the hammer head, each with a piston that can move within the chamber while maintaining a seal, and filling the chambers with a certain amount of heavy-density liquid, the movement of the pistons changes the distribution of the liquid within the chambers, thereby altering the center of gravity of the impact hammer and increasing its force on the inclined rock. This solves the problems of low efficiency in the sledgehammer crossing method, damage to the impact hammer caused by the rebar throwing method, limited applicability of the riprap filling and re-flushing method, and numerous construction steps, long construction period, and high construction cost in the backfilling of plain concrete.

[0026] 2. An elastic sealing gasket is installed on the piston. The elastic sealing gasket is a combination of a spring and a polymer sealing plug. The polymer sealing plug is tightly attached to the inner wall of the thread to prevent high-density liquid from leaking out. Sealing gaskets are installed on the inner side of the screw and bearing to improve the sealing performance of the device.

[0027] 3. The outer end of the clamping block is inclined to facilitate its entry into the guide hole. Attached Figure Description

[0028] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Cross-sectional view;

[0030] Figure 3 for Figure 1 Cross-sectional structural diagram of AA (Chinese AA)

[0031] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the structure at point B;

[0032] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure when the screw is screwed into the screw inlet.

[0033] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure when the screw and piston are locked together, pushing the piston forward.

[0034] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure when the handle separates from the screw after the piston reaches the limit position;

[0035] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram showing the structure when the handle is connected to the push screw to push the piston backward when the piston needs to be reset.

[0036] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram showing the structure when the screw is pulled out after pressing the release button when the piston reaches one end and the screw separates from the piston.

[0037] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the connection between the rocker arm and the lead screw.

[0038] Figure 11 A schematic diagram showing the structure when the rocker arm rotates clockwise, the piston moves forward, and pushes the liquid forward.

[0039] Figure 12 A schematic diagram showing the structure when the rocker arm is removed after the piston has moved to its limit position;

[0040] Figure 13 A schematic diagram showing the structure when the piston is reset, the center of gravity is adjusted to be in the center of the hammer, the handle is rotated in the opposite direction, and the piston moves backward.

[0041] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram showing the structure when the handle is removed after the piston reaches the end-limited position.

[0042] The diagram shows: 1-Hammer; 2-Hydraulic chamber; 3-Moving structure; 4-Liquid; 5-Air guide pipe; 6-Guide hole; 7-Slot; 8-Inner hole; 9-Clamping block; 10-Spring; 11-Release key; 12-Elastic sheet; 13-Bearing; 14-Hanging rope; 15-Hanging ring; 21-Hydraulic chamber A; 22-Hydraulic chamber B; 23-Hydraulic chamber C; 24-Hydraulic chamber D; 25-Screw inlet; 30-Piston; 31-Screw; 32-Handle; 33-Lead screw; 34-Guide groove; 35-Rock arm. Detailed Implementation

[0043] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0044] like Figures 1 to 14 As shown, a dynamic adjustment device for the center of gravity of an impact hammer for pile foundations in inclined rock areas includes a hammer head 1. A hydraulic chamber 2 is provided at the bottom of the hammer head 1. The hydraulic chamber 2 includes hydraulic chambers A21, B22, C23, and D24. Hydraulic chambers A21 and C23 are connected together, and hydraulic chambers B22 and D24 are connected together. A movable structure 3 and a high-density liquid 4 are provided inside the hydraulic chamber 2. The movable structure 3 divides the inner cavity of the hydraulic chamber 2 into a left cavity and a right cavity. One end of a vent pipe 5 is connected to the left cavity, and the other end of the vent pipe 5 is connected to the right cavity. The liquid 4 is disposed between the movable structures 3. The movable structure 3 includes a piston 30, which is movably disposed within the inner cavity of the hydraulic chamber 2.

[0045] A screw 31 is connected to the piston 30. A screw inlet 25 is provided at the end of the hydraulic chamber 2. An internal thread is provided in the screw inlet 25, which corresponds to the external thread of the screw 31. A guide hole 6 is provided on the piston 30, and a groove 7 is provided in the guide hole 6. An inner hole 8 is provided at one end of the screw 31. Two clamping blocks 9 are connected in the inner hole 8. A spring 10 is connected between the clamping blocks 9. The clamping blocks 9 correspond to the groove 7. A handle 32 is connected to the other end of the screw 31 through the screw inlet 25.

[0046] The inner hole 8 has a through hole and a locking hole on its side wall. One end of the elastic piece 12 is connected to the locking block 9, and the other end of the elastic piece 12 is connected to the inner hole 8. The outer wall of the elastic piece 12 has a release key 11, which is movably disposed in the through hole. The locking block 9 is movably disposed in the locking hole.

[0047] Bearings 13 are provided at both ends of the hydraulic chamber 2, and a lead screw 33 is provided between the bearings 13. The piston 30 is provided with an internal threaded hole, which corresponds to the external thread of the lead screw 33. A guide groove 34 is provided on the inner wall of the hydraulic chamber 2. The two sides of the piston 30 are movably arranged along the length direction of the guide groove 34. A rocker arm 35 is connected to the end of the lead screw 33.

[0048] The volume of liquid 4 is less than half the volume of the inner cavity of hydraulic chamber 2.

[0049] Hydraulic chambers A21 and C23 are horizontally arranged, hydraulic chambers B22 and D24 are horizontally arranged, hydraulic chambers A21 and B22 are vertically arranged, and hydraulic chambers C23 and D24 are vertically arranged.

[0050] A method for adjusting the dynamic adjustment device of the center of gravity of a pile foundation impact hammer in inclined rock areas;

[0051] Screw feeder method

[0052] S1. Based on the orientation of the inclined rock, adjust the position of the piston 30 in hydraulic chambers A21, B22, C23 and D24. Generally, it is necessary to adjust the position of the piston 30 in the two hydraulic chambers 2. The push screw 31 is connected to the screw inlet 25. The handle 32 drives the screw 31 to rotate in the screw inlet 25. The inner hole 8 at the end of the screw 31 moves towards the piston 30. The clamping block 9 extends into the guide hole 6. The inner wall of the guide hole 6 compresses the distance between the two clamping blocks 9. The spring 10 is also compressed. When the clamping block 9 moves to the position of the slot 7, under the action of the restoring force of the spring 10, the spring 10 pushes the clamping block 9 into the slot 7, thereby connecting the screw 31 and the piston 30 together.

[0053] S2. After the screw 31 and piston 30 are locked together, when the handle 32 drives the screw 31 to rotate clockwise, the piston 30 is pushed forward, and the piston 30 pushes the liquid 4 forward.

[0054] S3. After the piston 30 is pushed to the middle limit position, the screw 31 separates from the handle 32, the protective cover is put on, the hammer 1 is hoisted into the hole, the position is corrected, and the impact continues to form a hole.

[0055] S4. After the hammerhead 1 passes through the inclined rock layer, the hammerhead 1 is hoisted to a safe position, the protective cover is opened, the screw 31 is connected to the handle 32, and when the handle 32 drives the screw 31 to rotate in the opposite direction, it pulls the piston 30 to move backward, and the piston 30 drives the liquid 4 to move backward.

[0056] S5. After the adjustment is completed, after the piston 30 reaches the side limit position, press the release key 11. The elastic plate 12 drives the clamping block 9 to compress. The clamping block 9 disengages from the slot 7, thereby separating the piston 30 from the screw 31. Continue to rotate in the opposite direction. The screw 31 is screwed out of the screw inlet 25. Cover the protective cover, and the impact hammer is hoisted into the hole. Correct the position and continue to impact to form a hole.

[0057] The outer end of the clamping block 9 is inclined, and the outer diameter of the inner hole 8 is smaller than the inner diameter of the guide hole 6.

[0058] The hammer head 1 is equipped with a suspension rope 14 at the top and suspension rings 16 on both sides.

[0059] Guide screw method

[0060] K1. Based on the orientation of the inclined rock, adjust the position of piston 30 in hydraulic chambers A21, B22, C23 and D24. Generally speaking, it is necessary to adjust the position of piston 30 in the two hydraulic chambers 2.

[0061] When K2 and rocker arm 35 drive screw 33 to rotate clockwise, the two sides of piston 30 are engaged in guide groove 34, screw 33 drives piston 30 to move forward, and piston 30 pushes liquid 4 forward.

[0062] After K3 and piston 30 are pushed to the middle limit position, lead screw 33 separates from rocker arm 35, protective cover is put on, hammer head 1 is hoisted into the hole, position is corrected, and impact to form a hole continues;

[0063] After K4 and hammer 1 pass through the inclined rock layer, hammer 1 is hoisted to a safe position, the protective cover is opened, the screw 33 is connected to the rocker arm 35, and it is rotated in the opposite direction, which drives the piston 30 to move backward. The piston 30 pushes the liquid 4 to move backward.

[0064] After adjustment K5, once the piston reaches the edge limit position, the lead screw 33 separates from the rocker arm 35, the protective cover is put on, the impact hammer is lowered into the hole, the position is corrected, and the impact is continued to form a hole.

[0065] By setting at least four hydraulic chambers 2 inside the hammer head 1, and setting a piston 30 in each hydraulic chamber 2, the piston 30 can move within the hydraulic chamber 2 while ensuring a seal. A certain amount of heavy density liquid 4 is filled into the hydraulic chamber 2. The movement of the piston 30 changes the distribution of liquid in the hydraulic chamber 2, thereby changing the center of gravity of the impact hammer and increasing the force of the impact hammer on the inclined rock. This solves the problem of low efficiency of the sledgehammer crossing method, the problem of damage to the impact hammer caused by the rebar throwing method, the problem of limited applicability of the riprap filling and re-flushing method, and the problem of numerous construction steps, long construction period, and high construction cost of backfilling plain concrete.

[0066] The piston 30, bearing 13 and lead screw 33 are all provided with elastic sealing gaskets.

[0067] An elastic sealing gasket is provided on the piston 30. The elastic sealing gasket is a combination of a spring and a polymer sealing plug. The polymer sealing plug is tightly attached to the inner wall of the thread to prevent high-density liquid from leaking out. Sealing gaskets are provided on the inner side of the screw 33 and the bearing 13 to improve the sealing performance of the device.

[0068] The outer end of the clamping block 9 is inclined, which makes it easier for the clamping block 9 to enter the guide hole 6.

[0069] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention can have various modifications and variations. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A dynamic adjustment device for the center of gravity of an impact hammer for pile foundations in inclined rock areas, comprising a hammer head (1), characterized in that: The bottom of the hammer (1) is provided with a hydraulic chamber (2), which includes hydraulic chamber A (21), hydraulic chamber B (22), hydraulic chamber C (23) and hydraulic chamber D (24). Hydraulic chamber A (21) and hydraulic chamber C (23) are connected together, and hydraulic chamber B (22) and hydraulic chamber D (24) are connected together. A moving structure (3) and a heavy-density liquid (4) are provided inside the hydraulic chamber (2). The moving structure (3) divides the inner cavity of the hydraulic chamber (2) into a left cavity and a right cavity. One end of a guide pipe (5) is connected to the left cavity. (5) The other end is connected to the right cavity. The liquid (4) is disposed between the moving structures (3). The moving structure (3) includes a piston (30). The piston (30) is movably disposed in the inner cavity of the hydraulic cavity (2). The volume of the liquid (4) is less than half the volume of the inner cavity of the hydraulic cavity (2). The hydraulic cavity A (21) and the hydraulic cavity C (23) are horizontally disposed. The hydraulic cavity B (22) and the hydraulic cavity D (24) are horizontally disposed. The hydraulic cavity A (21) and the hydraulic cavity B (22) are vertically disposed. The hydraulic cavity C (23) and the hydraulic cavity D (24) are vertically disposed.

2. The dynamic adjustment device for the center of gravity of a pile foundation impact hammer in inclined rock areas as described in claim 1, characterized in that: A screw (31) is connected to the piston (30). A screw inlet (25) is provided at the end of the hydraulic chamber (2). An internal thread is provided in the screw inlet (25). The internal thread corresponds to the external thread of the screw (31). A guide hole (6) is provided on the piston (30). A slot (7) is provided in the guide hole (6). An inner hole (8) is provided at one end of the screw (31). Two clamping blocks (9) are connected in the inner hole (8). A spring (10) is connected between the clamping blocks (9). The clamping blocks (9) correspond to the slot (7). A handle (32) is connected to the other end of the screw (31) through the screw inlet (25).

3. The dynamic adjustment device for the center of gravity of a pile foundation impact hammer in inclined rock areas as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The inner hole (8) has a through hole and a locking hole on its side wall. One end of the elastic piece (12) is connected to the locking block (9), and the other end of the elastic piece (12) is connected to the inner hole (8). A release key (11) is provided on the outer wall of the elastic piece (12). The release key (11) is movably disposed in the through hole, and the locking block (9) is movably disposed in the locking hole.

4. The dynamic adjustment device for the center of gravity of a pile foundation impact hammer in inclined rock areas as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The hydraulic chamber (2) is provided with bearings (13) at both ends, and a lead screw (33) is provided between the bearings (13). The piston (30) is provided with an internal thread hole, which corresponds to the external thread of the lead screw (33). The inner wall of the hydraulic chamber (2) is provided with a guide groove (34). The two sides of the piston (30) are movably arranged along the length direction of the guide groove (34). A rocker arm (35) is connected to the end of the lead screw (33).

5. The adjustment method of the dynamic adjustment device for the center of gravity of a pile foundation impact hammer in inclined rock areas as described in claim 3, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. According to the orientation of the inclined rock, adjust the position of the piston (30) in hydraulic chamber A (21), hydraulic chamber B (22), hydraulic chamber C (23) and hydraulic chamber D (24), push the screw (31) to connect with the screw inlet (25), and the handle (32) drives the screw (31) to rotate in the screw inlet (25). The inner hole (8) at the end of the screw (31) moves towards the piston (30), the clamping block (9) extends into the guide hole (6), and the inner wall of the guide hole (6) compresses the distance between the two clamping blocks (9). The spring (10) is also compressed. When the clamping block (9) moves to the position of the slot (7), under the action of the restoring force of the spring (10), the spring (10) pushes the clamping block (9) into the slot (7), thereby connecting the screw (31) and the piston (30) together. S2. After the screw (31) and piston (30) are locked together, when the handle (32) drives the screw (31) to rotate clockwise, the piston (30) is pushed forward, and the piston (30) pushes the liquid (4) forward. S3. After the piston (30) is pushed to the middle limit position, the screw (31) separates from the handle (32), the protective cover is put on, the hammer (1) is hoisted into the hole, the position is corrected, and the impact is continued to form a hole. S4. After the hammer (1) passes through the inclined rock layer, the hammer (1) is hoisted out to a safe position. The protective cover is opened, the screw (31) is connected to the handle (32). When the handle (32) drives the screw (31) to rotate in the opposite direction, it pulls the piston (30) to move backward. The piston (30) drives the liquid (4) to move backward. S5. After the adjustment is completed, after the piston (30) reaches the side limit position, press the release key (11). The elastic plate (12) drives the clamping block (9) to compress. The clamping block (9) disengages from the slot (7), thereby separating the piston (30) from the screw (31). Continue to rotate in the opposite direction. The screw (31) rotates out of the screw inlet (25). Cover the protective cover, and the impact hammer is hoisted into the hole. Correct the position and continue to impact to form a hole.

6. The adjustment method of the dynamic adjustment device for the center of gravity of a pile foundation impact hammer in inclined rock areas as described in claim 5, characterized in that: The outer end of the clamping block (9) is inclined, and the outer diameter of the inner hole (8) is smaller than the inner diameter of the guide hole (6).

7. The adjustment method of the dynamic adjustment device for the center of gravity of a pile foundation impact hammer in inclined rock areas as described in claim 5, characterized in that: The hammer (1) is provided with a hanging rope (14) at the top and hanging rings (16) on both sides.

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