High-yield pruning method for edible gardenia flowers

Abstract

A high-yield pruning method for edible gardenia flowers, comprising the following steps: pruning before transplanting gardenia, re-pruning, pruning after transplanting gardenia, side branch topping, removing, controlling tree body pruning and smearing. The pruning method has the pruning time of 6-7 months after the gardenia flowering period, the pruning mode of thinning main branches, further retaining and thinning middle and upper side branches, retaining healthy small branches, promoting small branch germination branches and controlling tree height pruning mode. The method can increase the flower amount of single gardenia by 1.4-2 times.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of gardenia pruning, in particular to a high-yield pruning method for edible gardenia. BACKGROUND

[0002] Gardenia jasminoides Ellis, for example, is a plant of the genus Gardenia in the Rubiaceae family, and is a first batch of medicinal and edible resources issued by the Ministry of Health, with the functions of protecting liver, promoting bile secretion, lowering blood pressure, calming, stopping bleeding, and reducing swelling. Gardenia has a long history of food, medicine, and cosmetics. It is said in "Dian Nan Ben Cao" that it can "stop lung heat cough and stop nose bleeding and reduce sputum"; "Qian Jin Yi Fang" and "Ben Cao Gang Mu" say that it can "enjoy color". Gardenia is rich in triterpenoids, flavonoids, phenolic acids, alkaloids and other components, and also contains carbohydrates, proteins, crude fibers and various vitamins and other substances, and is a traditional edible flower after processing.

[0003] Gardenia generally blooms in late April to early June each year, and traditional gardenia pruning is usually done before flowering and after fruiting, mostly in winter and spring.

[0004] However, gardenia grows at the end of the branch or the leaf axil, and pruning in winter and spring can easily reduce flower branches, which is not conducive to flowering and yield formation. In addition, picking flowers destroys reproductive growth, causing excessive accumulation of tree nutrients, excessive vegetative growth, and large tree size, which increases the difficulty of picking. SUMMARY

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present application is to overcome the problems of excessive accumulation of tree nutrients, excessive vegetative growth, and large tree size in the prior art, which increases the difficulty of picking, and to provide a high-yield pruning method for edible gardenia.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by the present application to solve the technical problem is a high-yield pruning method for edible gardenia, comprising the following steps

[0007] S1, pruning before transplanting gardenia: selecting seedling gardenia seedlings sown this year, and cutting off the top branches of the gardenia tree in mid-November to early December, and retaining all lateral buds of the seedling;

[0008] S2, re-pruning: when the tree height grows to 35-45 cm, re-pruning is performed, 4-7 main branches with thick stems and vigorous growth are retained, all branches that are too dense, too low, unevenly distributed, and short and weak are removed, and the tree is planted for more than one month after pruning to facilitate wound recovery before transplanting;

[0009] S3, pruning after transplanting gardenia: when the third year or the tree height reaches 1.2 m or more, and after the gardenia flowering period in the middle of June to the beginning of July, select the morning or evening with the highest temperature not higher than 30 DEG C, sunny and no rain to prune; at the base of gardenia flower, remove other branches growing from the above root sprouts; remove the side branches below 15 cm from the base of each main branch, concentrate the side branches on the part above the middle of the main branch, remove the crossing branches, overlapping branches, overgrown branches and dead branches, disease and insect branches in the side branches, cut the opening 3-5 cm away from the main branch, cut the branches larger than 2 cm at an angle to prevent water accumulation, cut the branches below 2 cm flat to reduce the wound surface and facilitate the recovery of the branches;

[0010] S4, side branch topping: leave 5-7 healthy and non-overlapping small branches on each side branch;

[0011] S5, removal: remove the crossing branches, overlapping branches, overgrown branches and dead branches, disease and insect branches sprouting on the small branches, cut the opening 1-2 cm away from the small branches, cut flat to reduce the wound surface, promote the development of the small branches and the sprouting of the branches thereon;

[0012] S6, control of tree pruning: overgrown main branches, side branches and small branches are pruned, and the sprouting branches on the small branches are lightly pruned, the tree height is controlled below 1.5 m, and the pruning is spherical or cup-shaped, which is convenient for artificial flower picking;

[0013] S7, smearing: use a brush to dip a wound smearing agent with an effective component of acrylic synthetic resin to the cut opening with a diameter greater than 2 cm to prevent wound infection.

[0014] The present application has the following beneficial technical effects:

[0015] 1. Promote the balanced distribution of plant nutrients after flowering, promote the germination and growth of side branches, reserve sufficient recovery time for the tree, promote the differentiation of gardenia flower buds and flowering in the second year. 4-7 main branches are reserved at the base of gardenia, side branches are reserved on the upper part of each main branch, 5-7 small branches are reserved on each side branch, the crossing branches, overlapping branches, overgrown branches and dead branches, disease and insect branches on the small branches are removed, which is convenient for gardenia flower ventilation and reduces the harm of disease and insect to the gardenia flower tree. Through this pruning method, the flower amount of gardenia per plant can be increased by 1.4-2 times, and the gardenia flower is large, the petal is thick and white, the color is snow white, the aroma is fragrant, and the commodity nature is good. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0016] The present application is further described in detail below in conjunction with examples.

[0017] Example 1

[0018] In the planting base of Yujia'ao Township Xudada Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. in Ningxiang County, the seedlings of gardenia were sown, and the top branches of gardenia trees were pruned in mid-November to early December, leaving all lateral buds of the seedlings, so that the gardenia tree body continued to grow, and when it was 35-45 cm, it was pruned again to leave only the main branches, and transplanted after 1 month. On June 14, 2020, 5 plants of gardenia trees with similar growth vigor were selected, with an age of 5 years, a height of 1.3 m, and a crown width of 1.56 m. The 5 main branches of the gardenia flowers were retained before transplanting, and the lateral branches below 15 cm from the base of the 5 main branches were pruned at 6 am. The remaining lateral branches on the main branches were pruned, including crossing branches, overlapping branches, overgrown branches, and dead branches, and diseased branches. After the lateral branches were pruned, 5 small branches with vigorous growth were retained on each lateral branch, and the crossing branches, overlapping branches, overgrown branches, and dead branches, and diseased branches that sprouted on the small branches were pruned. After the plant was pruned into a cup shape, the wound coating agent with an effective component of acrylic acid synthetic resin was applied to the pruning wounds with a diameter greater than 2 cm to prevent wound infection and promote wound healing.

[0019] On May 10, May 15, and May 20, 2021, 5 fully open gardenia flowers were picked, with the first picking amount being 1.38 kg, 1.40 kg, 1.43 kg, 1.45 kg, and 1.48 kg, respectively, the second picking amount being 1.48 kg, 1.50 kg, 1.51 kg, 1.53 kg, and 1.54 kg, respectively, and the third picking amount being 1.20 kg, 1.24 kg, 1.26 kg, 1.29 kg, and 1.30 kg, respectively. The total picking amount of the 5 gardenia flowers was 4.06 kg, 4.14 kg, 4.2 kg, 4.27 kg, and 4.32 kg, respectively, and the average picking amount of the 5 trees was 4.2 kg. The average flower amount of the conventional pruning 5-year-old gardenia flowers was 2.5 kg, and the flower amount of the plant pruned by the present application was 1.68 times that of the conventional pruning amount, significantly improving the flower yield of gardenia flowers. Example 2

[0020] On June 28, 2021, 3 gardenia trees with similar growth vigor were selected in the planting base of Yujia'ao Township Xudada Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. in Ningxiang County, with an age of 6 years, a height of 1.67 m, and a crown width of 1.62 m. The 6 main branches of the 3 gardenia flowers were retained before transplanting, and the lateral branches below 15 cm from the base of the 6 main branches were pruned at 5:30 am. After the lateral branches were pruned, the remaining lateral branches on the main branches were pruned, including crossing branches, overlapping branches, overgrown branches, and dead branches, and diseased branches. 6 small branches with vigorous growth were retained on each lateral branch, and the crossing branches, overlapping branches, overgrown branches, and dead branches, and diseased branches that sprouted on the small branches were pruned. The height of the plant was controlled at 1.5 m, and the plant was pruned into a spherical shape. The wound coating agent was applied to the pruning wounds with a diameter greater than 2 cm to prevent wound infection and promote wound healing.

[0021] On May 11, May 16, May 21, 2021, three completely open gardenia flowers were picked, the first picking flower quantity was 1.48 kg, 1.42 kg, 1.45 kg, the second picking flower quantity was 1.76 kg, 1.84 kg, 1.91 kg, the third picking flower quantity was 1.39 kg, 1.43 kg, 1.46 kg, the total picking flower quantity of three gardenia flowers was 4.63 kg, 4.69 kg, 4.82 kg, the average picking flower quantity of three trees was 4.71 kg, the average flower quantity of the conventional pruning 6-year-old gardenia flower was 3 kg, the flower quantity of the plant pruned by the method was 1.57 times of the conventional pruning quantity, and the flower yield of the gardenia flower was significantly improved.

[0022] Table 1 Flower yield of plants treated by different pruning methods in the second year

[0023] The implementation principle of the edible gardenia flower high-yield pruning method in the embodiment of the application is as follows:

[0024] During the period when the growth of gardenia trees slows down in summer, the main stem is pruned in a spherical or cup-shaped manner, the main branches are reserved, and the side branches are promoted to grow, so that the plant is reserved time to recover the tree vigor, the flower yield and quality of gardenia flowers in the next year are increased, the growth of the tree is slowed down by pruning, the tree is prevented from growing too large, the labor quantity for picking is reduced, and the flower picking quantity is increased.

[0025] The above are preferred embodiments of the application, and do not limit the protection scope of the application. Identical parts are denoted by the same reference numerals. It should be noted that the words "front", "back", "left", "right", "up" and "down" used in the following description refer to the directions in the drawings, and the words "inner" and "outer" refer to the directions towards or away from the geometric center of a specific part. Therefore, any equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape, principle of the application should be covered within the protection scope of the application.

Claims

1. A high-yield pruning method for edible gardenia flowers, characterized in that, Comprising the following steps S1, pruning before transplanting gardenia: select the current year of sowing seedling gardenia, in November-mid December, cut off the top branches of gardenia, and keep all the lateral buds of the seedling; S2, pruning again: when the tree height grows to 35-45 cm, prune again, keep 4-7 main branches with thick stems and vigorous growth, remove all the branches that are too dense, too low, unevenly distributed and short and weak, and plant for more than one month after pruning to facilitate wound recovery, and then transplant; S3, pruning after transplanting gardenia: when the tree height reaches 1.2 m or more in the third year or in the late June-early July after the gardenia flowering period, select the morning or evening with clear weather and no rain and the highest temperature not higher than 30℃ for pruning; cut off the branches growing from the root sprouts at the base of gardenia flowers; cut off the lateral branches 15 cm below the base of each main branch, concentrate the lateral branches above the middle part of the main branch, cut off the crossing branches, overlapping branches, overgrown branches, and dead branches, and cut the branches with a diameter of 2 cm or more at an angle of 3-5 cm from the main branch to prevent water accumulation, and cut the branches with a diameter of less than 2 cm flat to reduce the wound surface and facilitate the recovery of the branches; S4, side branch topping: leave 5-7 small branches without overlapping on each lateral branch; S5, remove: cut off the crossing branches, overlapping branches, overgrown branches, and dead branches sprouting on the small branches, cut the branches at a distance of 1-2 cm from the small branches, and cut them flat to reduce the wound surface, promote the development of small branches and the sprouting of branches on them; S6, control the pruning of the tree body: cut the overgrown main branches, lateral branches, and small branches, and lightly cut the sprouting branches on the small branches, control the tree height below 1.5 m, prune into a spherical or cup-shaped shape, and facilitate artificial flower picking; S7, smearing: use a brush to dip the wound smearing agent with effective components of acrylic synthetic resin on the cut surface with a diameter of more than 2 cm to prevent wound infection.