A method for hybrid breeding of drought-resistant alkali wheat

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the technical field of wheat breeding, and specifically relates to a method for hybrid breeding of alkali-alkali wheat. The breeding method comprises: (1) using alkali-alkali wheat as a female parent and octoploid thinleaf grass as a male parent for a first hybridization to obtain a first hybrid seed and obtain F0 generation hybrid seeds; (2) using the first hybrid seed as a female parent and alkali-alkali wheat as a male parent for a second hybridization to obtain a second hybrid seed and obtain F1 generation hybrid seeds; (3) sowing F1 generation hybrid seeds, selecting plants with excellent growth and development as female parents, using alkali-alkali wheat as a male parent for a third hybridization to obtain a third hybrid seed and obtain F2 generation hybrid seeds; (4) sowing F2 generation hybrid seeds, planting and breeding, and obtaining F3 generation seeds; (5) breeding wheat lines with drought resistance level 1 and salt tolerance level 1 in F2 and F3 generations as bred alkali-alkali wheat. The breeding method can breed alkali-alkali wheat with strong drought resistance and salt-alkali tolerance, and the breeding process is accurate and fast.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of wheat breeding, and in particular relates to a method for hybrid breeding of drought-alkali wheat. Background Art

[0002] Wheat is the most widely distributed, cultivated and produced food crop in the world. It is the second largest food crop in my country after rice in terms of planting area. The total area of ​​saline-alkali land in China is about 99 million hectares, of which coastal saline-alkali land accounts for about 7% of the total saline-alkali land, mainly distributed in the Bohai Sea and along the Yellow Sea. Dry-alkali wheat is a type of medium-strong gluten wheat with high-quality characteristics of drought resistance and salt-alkali tolerance. It can adapt to saline-alkali land and has great development potential.

[0003] The grains of dry alkali wheat are full, shiny and transparent. The wet gluten reaches the level of medium and strong gluten, with a content of more than 32%. The protein content is more than 14%, which is comparable to beef. It is rich in calcium, potassium, iron, zinc and other trace elements necessary for the human body. The flour ground from it is loose, non-sticky, tough and resistant to steaming and cooking. The finished products are white in color, sweet in taste, chewy and have a unique flavor, which are well received by consumers.

[0004] However, the current drought-alkali wheat varieties are relatively single, and the wheat varieties bred by the existing wheat breeding methods have poor drought resistance and salt-alkali tolerance, which restricts the development of drought-alkali wheat. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a drought-alkali wheat breeding method with strong drought resistance and salt-alkali tolerance. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the above problems, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for hybrid breeding of alkali-alkali wheat, which utilizes Elytium grass and alkali-alkali wheat for hybrid breeding, and can obtain alkali-alkali wheat varieties with strong drought and salt resistance. This method can lock the target in the early generation and improve the breeding efficiency.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention can adopt the following technical solutions:

[0007] The present invention provides a method for hybrid breeding of dry alkali wheat, comprising:

[0008] (1) performing a first hybridization with Elaeagnus solani as the female parent and Elytium octoploid as the male parent to obtain a first hybrid seed, thereby obtaining an F0 generation hybrid seed;

[0009] (2) using the first hybrid seed as the female parent and the dry alkali wheat as the male parent to perform a second hybridization to obtain a second hybrid seed, thereby obtaining an F1 generation hybrid seed;

[0010] (3) sowing F1 generation hybrid seeds, selecting plants with excellent growth and development as female parents, and performing a third hybridization with dry alkali wheat as male parent to obtain a third hybrid seed, thereby obtaining F2 generation hybrid seeds;

[0011] (4) sowing F2 generation hybrid seeds, planting and breeding, and the resulting seeds are F3 generation;

[0012] (5) The offspring selected in the F2 and F3 generations were identified for salt tolerance at the wheat seedling stage and drought resistance during the entire growth period, and wheat lines with drought resistance level 1 and salt tolerance level 1 were selected as drought-resistant alkali wheat for breeding in accordance with national standards.

[0013] Preferably, in the above step (4), the breeding criteria include: strong vitality, strong fertility, strong adaptability, high yield and stable quality.

[0014] Preferably, in the above step (5), the quality of the wheat strains is tested, and wheat strains with a wet gluten content ≥35% and a protein content ≥20% are further selected as the drought-resistant alkali wheat to be bred.

[0015] Preferably, in the above step (5), the selected dry alkali wheat is self-pollinated and purified, and the F4 generation is purified and rejuvenated.

[0016] Preferably, the selected dry alkali wheat is self-pollinated and purified, the F4 generation is purified and rejuvenated, and the excellent plants are selected in the F5 generation.

[0017] The beneficial effects of the present invention include at least that the cross breeding method of drought-alkali wheat provided by the present invention can breed drought-alkali wheat with strong drought resistance and salt-alkali tolerance, and the breeding process is accurate and fast. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] The examples are provided to better illustrate the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the examples. Therefore, those skilled in the art may make non-essential improvements and adjustments to the implementation scheme according to the above invention content, which still fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0019] The terms used herein are only used to describe specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present disclosure. Unless the context has a significantly different meaning, expressions in the singular include expressions in the plural. As used herein, it should be understood that terms such as "include", "have", "include" are intended to indicate the presence of features, numbers, operations, components, parts, elements, materials or combinations. The terms of the present invention are disclosed in the specification, and are not intended to exclude the possibility that one or more other features, numbers, operations, components, parts, elements, materials or combinations thereof may exist or may be added. As used herein, " / " may be interpreted as "and" or "or", depending on the circumstances.

[0020] The embodiment of the present invention provides a method for hybrid breeding of alkali-alkali wheat, comprising: (1) performing a first hybridization with alkali-alkali wheat as a female parent and octoploid thinleaf grass as a male parent to obtain a first hybrid seed, and obtain F0 generation hybrid seeds; (2) performing a second hybridization with the first hybrid seed as a female parent and alkali-alkali wheat as a male parent to obtain a second hybrid seed, and obtain F1 generation hybrid seeds; (3) sowing the F1 generation hybrid seeds, selecting plants with excellent growth and development as female parents, and performing a third hybridization with alkali-alkali wheat as a male parent to obtain a third hybrid seed, and obtain F2 generation hybrid seeds; (4) sowing the F2 generation hybrid seeds, and performing planting and breeding, and the obtained seeds are F3 generation; (5) selecting wheat lines with drought resistance level 1 and salt tolerance level 1 from the offspring selected from the F2 and F3 generations according to national standards as bred alkali-alkali wheat.

[0021] In some specific embodiments, in the above step (4), the breeding criteria include: strong vitality, strong fertility, strong adaptability, high yield and stable quality.

[0022] In some specific embodiments, in the above step (5), the quality of the wheat strains is tested, and wheat strains with a wet gluten content ≥35% and a protein content ≥20% are further selected as the drought-resistant alkali wheat to be bred.

[0023] In some specific embodiments, in the above step (5), the selected dry alkali wheat is self-pollinated and purified, and the F4 generation is purified and rejuvenated.

[0024] In some specific embodiments, the selected dry alkali wheat is self-pollinated and purified, the F4 generation is purified and rejuvenated, and the superior plants are selected in the F5 generation.

[0025] In order to better understand the present invention, the content of the present invention is further explained below in conjunction with specific examples, but the content of the present invention is not limited to the following examples.

[0026] Example

[0027] (1) The first hybridization was carried out with the wheat (Cangmai 6002) as the female parent and the octoploid thinleaf grass as the male parent to obtain the first hybrid seed F0;

[0028] (2) using the well-developed first hybrid seeds as the female parent and the octoploid Elytium sphaerocarpon as the male parent for a second hybridization to obtain the second hybrid seeds and obtain F1 generation seeds;

[0029] (3) sowing F1 generation hybrid seeds, selecting plants with excellent growth and development as female parents, and using dry alkali wheat as male parents; performing a third hybridization, waiting for the wheat seeds to grow and mature, to obtain F2 generation hybrid seeds;

[0030] (4) sowing F2 hybrid seeds and carrying out planting and breeding. The breeding criteria include: new wheat varieties with stable traits such as vitality, fertility, adaptability, yield and quality;

[0031] (5) The selected offspring in the F2 and F3 generations were evaluated for drought resistance according to the national standard "Technical Specification for Identification and Evaluation of Wheat Drought Resistance" (GBT21127-2007) and for salt tolerance of wheat according to the Hebei Provincial Standard "Technical Specification for Wheat Salt Tolerance" (DB13 / T 1470-2011) at the bud and seedling stages, and wheat lines with drought resistance level 1 and salt tolerance level 1 were selected. Quality testing was performed to select lines with a wet gluten content of 35% and a protein content of up to 20%, and this was used as the breeding standard;

[0032] (6) The selected offspring materials are subjected to quality identification (near-infrared quality analyzer) and drought resistance (PEG drought stress identification at the budding stage), and salt-alkali tolerance identification (field saline-alkali soil identification and indoor salt tolerance identification at the budding stage). For wheat materials that meet the breeding requirements, offspring are self-pollinated for purification, the F4 generation is purified and rejuvenated, the F5 generation is selected for excellent plants, the F6 generation is subjected to plot yield ratio tests, and the lines with good yields are selected for variety regional trials, production trials, and variety approval and promotion.

[0033] During the breeding process of the F6 generation, a total of 502 excellent materials were selected in 2020, 624 materials were selected in 2021, and 358 excellent materials were selected in 2022. The wheat quality, drought resistance and salt tolerance were identified. Some of the results are shown in Table 1 below.

[0034] Table 1 Results of wheat strain quality, drought resistance and salt tolerance testing

[0035]

[0036]

[0037] It can be seen from Table 1 above that the protein content of the drought-alkali wheat bred by the later generations is mostly above 20%, the wet gluten content is mostly above 32%, the drought resistance is mostly above 1, and the salt tolerance is mostly above 1, which shows that the drought-alkali wheat bred by the later generations has stable quality, strong drought resistance and salt tolerance, and high protein content and wet gluten content.

[0038] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solution of the present invention can be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the purpose and scope of the technical solution of the present invention, which should be covered by the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for hybridization and breeding of dry alkali wheat with improved protein content, characterized in that: The steps are: (1) performing a first hybridization with Elymus ovata as the female parent and Elymus octoploid as the male parent to obtain a first hybrid seed, thereby obtaining F0 generation hybrid seeds; wherein the female parent is Cangmai 6002; (2) using the first hybrid seed as the female parent and the dry alkali wheat as the male parent to perform a second hybridization to obtain a second hybrid seed, thereby obtaining an F1 generation hybrid seed; (3) sowing F1 generation hybrid seeds, selecting plants with excellent growth and development as female parents, and performing a third hybridization with dry alkali wheat as male parent to obtain a third hybrid seed, thereby obtaining F2 generation hybrid seeds; (4) sowing F2 generation hybrid seeds, planting and breeding, and the resulting seeds are F3 generation; (5) selecting wheat lines with drought resistance level 1 and salt tolerance level 1 from the selected offspring of the F2 and F3 generations according to national standards as drought-resistant and alkali-tolerant wheat for breeding; conducting quality testing on the wheat lines, and further selecting wheat lines with a wet gluten content of ≥35% and a protein content of ≥20% as drought-resistant and alkali-tolerant wheat for breeding; The selected dry alkali wheat was purified by self-pollination, the F4 generation was purified and rejuvenated, the F5 generation selected excellent plants, and the F6 generation was tested for plot yield ratio to select the strain with good yield; In step (4), the breeding criteria are: strong vitality, strong fertility, strong adaptability, high yield and stable quality.

Images