Quick connection device and construction machinery

Abstract

The present disclosure relates to a quick connection device and construction machinery. Among them, the quick connection device is used to connect a tool to an installation base body, and the tool is provided with a main pin shaft extending along a preset direction; the quick connection device includes a main locking component, the main locking component has a first locking state and a first unlocking state, and includes: a main locking hook, the first end of the main locking hook is rotatably connected to a first pin shaft extending along the preset direction, and the second end of the main locking hook is used for engaging with the main pin shaft; a locking hook, the first end of the locking hook is rotatably connected to a second pin shaft extending along the preset direction, and the second end of the locking hook is used for engaging with the first end of the main locking hook; and a gravity block, the first end of the gravity block is rotatably connected to the second pin shaft, the gravity block is used for keeping the locking hook in a locked position when the quick connection device rotates within a first angle range, the locking hook has a tendency to disengage from the main locking hook under the action of gravity within the first angle range, and the weight of the gravity block is greater than that of the locking hook.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure relates to the technical field of construction machinery, and particularly to a quick connection device and construction machinery. Background Art

[0002] As the most commonly used construction machinery in daily construction, excavators undertake various operation functions. The application of multi-functional tools is also becoming more and more extensive. As the connection structure between the excavator and the tools, the quick connection device realizes the quick switching and installation of various tools, expands the application range of the excavator, saves the waste of time and manpower caused by disassembling the pin shaft due to replacing the attachment, and improves the work efficiency.

[0003] Currently, the most commonly used quick connection device is a hydraulic quick connection device, which drives a locking mechanism by a hydraulic cylinder to realize the connection and separation with the tool. The connector includes a fixed hook and a movable hook. After the fixed hook hooks a pin shaft of the tool, the driving hydraulic cylinder makes the movable hook hook another pin shaft of the tool, and inserts a safety pin to lock the movable hook, thus completing the connection of the tool. However, it is found in the actual use process that the safety of such a quick connection device is poor, and sometimes the tool will fall off due to operation errors during the operation process or the failure of the hydraulic system. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present disclosure provides a quick connection device and construction machinery, which can improve the safety of the connection between the tool and the installation base.

[0005] According to an aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a quick connection device for connecting a tool to an installation base. The tool is provided with a main pin shaft extending along a preset direction. The quick connection device includes a main locking member, the main locking member having a first locking state and a first unlocking state, and including:

[0006] A main locking hook, the first end of the main locking hook is rotatably connected to a first pin shaft extending along the preset direction, and the second end of the main locking hook is used for engaging with the main pin shaft in the first locking state;

[0007] A locking hook, the first end of the locking hook is rotatably connected to a second pin shaft extending along the preset direction, and the second end of the locking hook is used for engaging with the first end of the main locking hook in the first locking state; and

[0008] A gravity block, the first end of the gravity block is rotatably connected to the second pin shaft, and the gravity block is used for keeping the locking hook in the locking position when the quick connection device rotates within a first angular range. The locking hook has a tendency to disengage from the main locking hook under the action of gravity within the first angular range, and the weight of the gravity block is greater than that of the locking hook.

[0009] In some embodiments, a limiting portion is provided at the first end of the locking hook and / or the first end of the gravity block, for limiting the extreme position of the second end of the gravity block rotating away from the first pin shaft.

[0010] In some embodiments, the limiting portion is provided between the locking hook and the gravity block, and the gravity block and the limiting portion are pressed against each other within a first angular range.

[0011] In some embodiments, the quick-connecting device further includes a first limiting member, for limiting the extreme position of the second end of the gravity block rotating towards the first pin shaft.

[0012] In some embodiments, the locking hook includes a hook body and a hook claw connected to form an L-shaped structure. The hook body is connected to the second pin shaft, and the hook claw is used for engaging with the main locking hook.

[0013] Wherein, the position where the locking hook rotates to the hook body upward and the center of gravity of the locking hook deviates from the initial self-balancing direction away from the first pin shaft is the first critical position, and the position where the locking hook rotates to the hook body upward and the equivalent center of gravity of the locking hook and the gravity block deviates from the initial self-balancing direction away from the first pin shaft is the second critical position. The first angular range is the angular range between the first critical position and the second critical position.

[0014] In some embodiments, the locking hook includes a hook body and a hook claw connected to form an L-shaped structure. The hook body is connected to the second pin shaft, and the hook claw is used for engaging with the main locking hook.

[0015] Wherein, the position where the locking hook rotates to the hook body upward and the equivalent center of gravity of the locking hook and the gravity block deviates from the initial self-balancing direction away from the first pin shaft is the second critical position, and the position where the locking hook rotates to the hook body downward and the center of gravity of the locking hook deviates from the initial self-balancing direction towards the first pin shaft is the third critical position. The angular range between the second critical position and the third critical position is the second angular range. In the first unlocking state, the quick-connecting device is within the second angular range, and in the first locking state, the quick-connecting device is not within the second angular range.

[0016] In some embodiments, the quick-connecting device further includes a first linear driving member, the first end of which is connected to the main locking hook, and the first linear driving member is used for driving the main locking hook to engage with and disengage from the main pin shaft.

[0017] In some embodiments, the implement is provided with a secondary pin shaft extending along a preset direction. The quick-connecting device further includes a secondary locking member, which has a second locking state and a second unlocking state. The secondary locking member is used for locking the secondary pin shaft to the secondary locking hook, and the second locking state is independent of the state of the main locking member.

[0018] In some embodiments, the main locking member and the secondary locking member are arranged side by side in the preset direction.

[0019] In some embodiments, the quick-connecting device further includes a housing. A protruding portion is provided in a region of the housing close to the main pin shaft. The protruding portion is provided on the movement track of the separation of the main pin shaft to prevent the main pin shaft from separating. The movement track of the separation of the main pin shaft is an arc centered on the secondary pin shaft.

[0020] In some embodiments, the secondary locking member includes:

[0021] A locking block rotatably connected to a third pin shaft extending along a preset direction. In the second locked state, the locking block rotates to a first position. At the first position, the first end of the locking block abuts against the secondary pin shaft to block the separation of the secondary pin shaft from the secondary locking hook.

[0022] In some embodiments, the secondary locking member further includes:

[0023] A second limiting member for limiting the extreme position of the first end of the locking block rotating in a direction away from the main pin shaft.

[0024] In some embodiments, the quick-connecting device further includes a housing. The secondary locking member further includes:

[0025] An elastic member connected between the locking block and the housing for applying an elastic force to the locking block to rotate in a direction close to the second limiting member.

[0026] In some embodiments, the quick-connecting device further includes a housing and a fourth pin shaft extending along a preset direction. A slideway is provided on the housing. The fourth pin shaft is movably connected to the housing along the slideway. The locking block further includes a secondary locking groove. The fourth pin shaft is arranged in the secondary locking groove and the fourth pin shaft abuts against the inner wall of the secondary locking groove;

[0027] Wherein, the movement of the fourth pin shaft is used to drive the locking block to rotate around the third pin shaft. When the fourth pin shaft moves along the slideway from one end of the secondary locking groove close to the third pin shaft to the end of the secondary locking groove far from the third pin shaft, the secondary locking member switches from the second locked state to the second unlocked state.

[0028] In some embodiments, in the second unlocked state, the locking block rotates to a second position. At the second position, the first end of the locking block is spaced apart from the separation path of the secondary pin shaft.

[0029] In some embodiments, the quick-connecting device further includes a housing. The secondary locking member further includes:

[0030] An elastic member connected between the locking block and the housing for applying an elastic force to the locking block to rotate in a direction close to the second limiting member. The elastic force of the elastic member at the first position of the locking block is less than that at the second position.

[0031] In some embodiments, the quick-connecting device further includes a first linear driving member and a third limiting member. The first end of the first linear driving member is connected to the main locking hook, the second end of the first linear driving member is connected to the fourth pin shaft, and the third limiting member is used to limit the extreme position of the main locking hook rotating away from the main pin shaft;

[0032] Wherein, when the main locking member is in the first unlocking state and the first linear driving member contracts, the main locking hook abuts against the third limiting member, and the first linear driving member continues to contract to drive the fourth pin shaft to move along the slideway.

[0033] According to another aspect of the present disclosure, a construction machine is provided, including a mounting base, a tool, and the quick-connecting device of the above embodiments, and the quick-connecting device connects the tool to the mounting base.

[0034] In some embodiments, the construction machine is an excavator, the tool includes a bucket, the mounting base includes a stick and a connecting rod, the bucket is connected to the first end of the stick and the first end of the connecting rod through the quick-connecting device, and the second end of the connecting rod is rotatably connected to the stick through a rocker arm.

[0035] The quick-connecting device of the embodiments of the present disclosure does not require manual pin insertion to achieve locking, which can reduce the tool dropping caused by operation errors during operation and save time, and can improve operation safety and operation efficiency; the operator can achieve the locking and unlocking of the main locking member by gravity by controlling the rotation angle of the quick-connecting device, and then quickly install or replace the tool. The operator can replace the tool in the cab, which can reduce the operation difficulty and improve the efficiency; it can expand the locking angle range of the locking hook, improve the connection reliability between the tool and the mounting base, and further improve the operation safety of the construction machine. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0036] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present disclosure or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the following drawings are only some embodiments of the present disclosure. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.

[0037] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of some embodiments of the quick-connecting device of the present disclosure connected to a tool and a mounting base.

[0038] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of some embodiments of the quick-connecting device of the present disclosure.

[0039] Figure 3 It is a partial schematic structural diagram of some embodiments of the main locking member of the quick-connecting device of the present disclosure.

[0040] Figure 4 Structural schematic diagrams of some embodiments where the locking hook of the quick connection device of the present disclosure is in the first critical position.

[0041] Figure 5 Structural schematic diagrams of some embodiments where the locking hook of the quick connection device of the present disclosure is in the second critical position and the third critical position.

[0042] Figure 6 Structural schematic diagrams of some other embodiments of the quick connection device of the present disclosure.

[0043] Figure 7 It is Figure 6 The enlarged view at C in

[0044] Figure 8 Structural schematic diagram of the sub-lock component of the quick connection device of the present disclosure in the second locked state.

[0045] Figure 9 It is Figure 8 The enlarged view at D in

[0046] Figure 10 Structural schematic diagram of the sub-lock component of the quick connection device of the present disclosure in the second unlocked state.

[0047] Figure 11 It is Figure 10 The enlarged view at E in

[0048] Figure 12 Schematic diagram of the movement trajectory of the main pin shaft disengaging from the quick connection device of the present disclosure.

[0049] Figure 13 It is Figure 12 The enlarged view at F in

[0050] Figure 14A And Figure 14B Structural schematic diagrams of the quick connection device of the present disclosure during and after the installation process with the implement respectively.

[0051] Explanation of reference numerals

[0052] 1. Main lock component; 11. Main lock hook; 12. Locking hook; 121. Limiting part; 122. Hook body; 123. Hook claw; 13. Gravity block; 2. Sub-lock component; 21. Sub-lock hook; 22. Locking block; 23. Elastic member; 24. Sub-lock groove; 3. Housing; 31. Protruding part; 32. Slideway; 41. First limiting member; 42. Second limiting member; 43. Third limiting member; 51. First linear driving component; 52. Second linear driving component; 61. First pin shaft; 62. Second pin shaft; 63. Third pin shaft; 64. Fourth pin shaft; 65. Fifth pin shaft;

[0053] 101, Machine tool; 102, Main pin shaft; 103, Sub-pin shaft; 104, Installation base; 105, Bucket rod; 106, Connecting rod; 107, Rocker arm; x, Preset direction. Detailed implementation manners

[0054] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present disclosure with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present disclosure. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present disclosure, rather than all the embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is actually only illustrative and in no way restricts the present disclosure and its application or use. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments in the present disclosure without creative efforts belong to the scope of protection of the present disclosure.

[0055] For technologies, methods, and devices known to those of ordinary skill in the relevant fields, detailed discussions may not be made, but where appropriate, the technologies, methods, and devices should be regarded as part of the description.

[0056] In the description of the present disclosure, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationships indicated by the terms "center", "transverse", "longitudinal", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "up", "down", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. are based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present disclosure and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus cannot be understood as limiting the scope of protection of the present disclosure.

[0057] In the description of the present disclosure, it should be understood that the use of terms such as "first", "second", "main", "sub", etc. to limit the components is only for the convenience of distinguishing the corresponding components. Without otherwise stating, the above terms have no special meanings, and thus cannot be understood as limiting the scope of protection of the present disclosure.

[0058] The inventor found that the main reason for the poor safety of the hydraulic quick-connect device in the related art is that the clamping range of the fixed hook and the movable hook is limited, and the clamping property is not strong. The connecting pin shaft clamped by the fixed hook is in a semi-exposed state. After the movable hook is connected to the connecting pin shaft of the machine tool, the operator needs to manually insert a safety pin from the side to ensure that the movable hook is locked and prevent the operating device from falling off due to operating errors or hydraulic system failures during the operation. However, due to manual pin insertion, there may be a situation where the operator forgets to insert the pin, resulting in an accident, and the safety pin is very likely to be lost during the long idle time. Therefore, this kind of quick-connect device requires manual operation, which is time-consuming, and if the locking system is damaged, it will lead to accidents and poor safety.

[0059] To this end, the present disclosure provides a quick connection device. In some embodiments, as Figures 1 to 14B shown, the quick connection device is used to detachably connect the implement 101 to the mounting base. The implement 101 is provided with a main pin shaft 102 extending along a preset direction x. For example, the implement 101 of a construction machine is a working device, which can be a bucket, a breaker or a hydraulic shear, etc. By replacing different implements 101, the functions of the construction machine can be broadened. A part of the following embodiments will be described taking the bucket as an example. The preset direction x can be the width direction of the implement 101. In Figure 1 , 2 and Figures 4 - 10 , the preset direction x is the direction perpendicular to the paper plane.

[0060] The quick connection device includes a main lock member 1. The main lock member 1 has a first locked state and a first unlocked state, and includes:

[0061] A main lock hook 11. The first end of the main lock hook 11 is rotatably connected to a first pin shaft 61 extending along the preset direction x. The second end of the main lock hook 11 is used to engage with the main pin shaft 102 in the first locked state;

[0062] A locking hook 12. The first end of the locking hook 12 is rotatably connected to a second pin shaft 62 extending along the preset direction x. The second end of the locking hook 12 is used to engage with the first end of the main lock hook 11 in the first locked state; and

[0063] A gravity block 13. The first end of the gravity block 13 is rotatably connected to the second pin shaft 62. The gravity block 13 is used to keep the locking hook 12 in the locked position when the quick connection device rotates within a first angular range. The locking hook 12 has a tendency to disengage from the main lock hook 11 under the action of gravity within the first angular range. The weight of the gravity block 13 is greater than that of the locking hook 12.

[0064] Optionally, a first linear driving member 51 can be used to drive the second end of the main lock hook 11 to rotate around the first pin shaft 61. Specifically, the main lock hook 11 can be hinged to the first linear driving member 51 through a fifth pin shaft 65. The fifth pin shaft 65 extends along the preset direction x. More specifically, when the first linear driving member 51 extends, it can drive the second end of the main lock hook 11 to engage with the main pin shaft 102. Specifically, the main lock member 1 can play a locking role when the first linear driving member 51 fails. Optionally, the main lock hook 11 can also be engaged with the main pin shaft 102 in other ways.

[0065] Optionally, the first end of the main locking hook 11 may be provided with an engaging block protruding from the first end of the main locking hook 11 for cooperating with the hook claw 123 of the locking hook 12 to complete the engagement of the second end of the locking hook 12 with the first end of the main locking hook 11 in the first locking state. For example, the hook claw 123 hooks the engaging block at the first end of the main locking hook 11. Optionally, the second end of the locking hook 12 and the first end of the main locking hook 11 may have any structural shape that satisfies the engaged state. Optionally, the outer shapes and layouts of the locking hook 12 and the gravity block 13 can be adjusted and selected according to spatial conditions and the like. Optionally, the quick connection device may further include a housing, and the rotatable locking hook 12 may be provided on the housing.

[0066] Specifically, the locking hook 12 locks and unlocks the main locking hook 11 by gravity. Specifically, within a first angular range, the movement of the locking hook 12 away from the main locking hook 11 can be restricted under the action of the gravity block 13. Specifically, the cooperation between the locking hook 12 and the gravity block 13 can expand the angular range of the locking of the locking hook 12, or rather, reduce the angular range of unlocking. For example, in the case where the gravity block 13 is not provided, the locking hook 12 will disengage from the main locking hook 11 within the first angular range, while by providing a gravity block 13 with a weight greater than that of the locking hook 12, the locking hook 12 can be reliably held in the position engaged with the main locking hook 11 within the first angular range by gravity, thereby improving the safety and reliability of the connection between the machine tool and the mounting base.

[0067] Specifically, outside the first angular range, it can be divided into two angular ranges. Within one of the angular ranges, the locking hook 12 is engaged with the main pin shaft 102 only by its own gravity. Within the other angular range, for example, the second angular range, the locking hook 12 can disengage from the main locking hook 11 to quickly complete the unlocking of the main locking component. Specifically, the gravity block 13 can ensure the uniqueness of the unlocking area and improve the safety of the use of the quick connection device.

[0068] Specifically, as Figure 2 shown, in the normal working state, the main locking hook 11 rotates clockwise around the first pin shaft 61 to clamp the main pin shaft 102. When the engagement of the main locking hook 11 loses power, the main locking hook 11 will rotate in the loosening direction (counterclockwise direction) under the action of the self-gravity of the main pin shaft 102. At this time, the locking hook 12 has a tendency to rotate counterclockwise around the second pin shaft 62 under the action of gravity and engages with the main locking hook 11. The engagement method can be as Figure 2 shown at position A, where the two inclined surfaces mesh with each other. At this time, the main locking hook 11 cannot be loosened and the machine tool 101 is locked. When the quick connection device rotates to different positions, the locking hook 12 separates from the main locking hook 11 at position A due to the change in the center of gravity position, thereby completing the unlocking. The gravity block 13 can control the locking hook 12 not to separate from the main locking hook 11 within the first angular range to reduce the unlocking angle. The gravity magnitude and the center of gravity position of the gravity block 13 can effectively control the unlocking angle range.

[0069] The quick-connecting device of this embodiment can achieve locking without manual pin insertion, which can reduce the detachment of the machine tool caused by operation errors during operation and save time, and can improve the operation safety and operation efficiency; the operator can achieve the locking and unlocking of the main locking component by gravity by controlling the rotation angle of the quick-connecting device, and then quickly install or replace the machine tool. The operator can replace the machine tool in the cab, which can reduce the operation difficulty and improve the efficiency; the locking hook is engaged with the main locking hook, and the gravity block keeps the locking hook in the locked position when the quick-connecting device rotates within the first angle range, which can expand the locking angle range of the locking hook and improve the reliability of the connection between the machine tool and the installation base, thereby improving the safety of construction machinery operation.

[0070] In some embodiments, as Figure 3 shown, a limiting portion 121 is provided at the first end of the locking hook 12 and / or the first end of the gravity block 13 for limiting the extreme position of the second end of the gravity block 13 rotating away from the first pin shaft 61.

[0071] Specifically, within the first angle range, the locking hook 12 has a tendency to unlock under the action of gravity, and the cooperation of the gravity block 13 and the limiting portion 121 can prevent the unlocking tendency of the locking hook 12 and keep the locking hook 12 in the locked position. Specifically, the second end of the gravity block 13 rotating away from the first pin shaft 61 is the counterclockwise rotation of the gravity block 13 as shown in the figure. Specifically, the limiting portion 121 limits the extreme position of the rotation of the gravity block 13, and the gravity block 13 can also limit the extreme position of the locking hook 12 rotating in the opposite direction, so that the locking hook 12 has a tendency to rotate counterclockwise, or in other words, limits the clockwise rotation of the locking hook 12, that is, limits the rotation of the locking hook 12 in the unlocking direction.

[0072] Specifically, within the first angle range, the torque generated by the gravity block 13 around the second pin shaft 62 is greater than the torque generated by the locking hook 12 around the second pin shaft 62. The torque generated by the gravity block 13 around the second pin shaft 62 can be determined by the gravity of the gravity block 13 and the center-of-gravity position of the gravity block 13, etc. For example, the gravity of the gravity block 13 can be greater than that of the locking hook 12, or even if the gravity of the gravity block 13 is less than that of the locking hook 12, the torque generated by the gravity block 13 around the second pin shaft 62 can also be made greater than the torque generated by the locking hook 12 around the second pin shaft 62 by adjusting the center-of-gravity position of the gravity block 13.

[0073] Optionally, the limiting portion 121 may be a limiting block or a limiting shell, etc. For example, the limiting portion 121 may include a protruding area provided at the first end of the gravity block 13 and a recessed area provided at the first end of the locking hook 12. When the protruding area and the recessed area are squeezed at position B, the gravity block 13 cannot rotate further counterclockwise, but can rotate clockwise. For another example, the limiting portion 121 is an arc-shaped housing structure connected to the locking hook 12. When the first end of the gravity block 13 abuts against the arc-shaped housing structure, it cannot rotate further counterclockwise, but can rotate clockwise.

[0074] This embodiment restricts the extreme position of the second end of the gravity block from rotating towards the direction away from the first pin shaft through the limiting portion, and can restrict the locking hook from rotating towards the unlocking direction within a first angle range, expanding the locking angle range of the locking hook, ensuring the uniqueness of the unlocking area, improving the reliability and safety of the connection between the tool and the installation base, and further improving the safety of the construction machinery operation.

[0075] In some embodiments, as Figure 3 shown, the limiting portion 121 is provided between the locking hook 12 and the gravity block 13, and the gravity block 13 and the limiting portion 121 are squeezed against each other within a first angle range.

[0076] Specifically, the limiting portion 121 may be provided on the side of the locking hook 12 close to the gravity block 13. Specifically, within a first angle range, the locking hook 12 has a tendency to unlock under the action of gravity, and the mutual squeezing of the gravity block 13 and the limiting portion 121 can prevent the unlocking tendency of the locking hook 12, keeping the locking hook 12 in the locked position and restricting the locking hook 12 from rotating towards the unlocking direction.

[0077] Optionally, the limiting portion 121 may be a limiting block or a limiting shell, etc. For example, the limiting portion 121 may include a protruding area provided at the first end of the gravity block 13 and a recessed area provided at the first end of the locking hook 12. The protruding area and the recessed area are squeezed against each other at position B. For another example, the limiting portion 121 is an arc-shaped housing structure connected to the locking hook 12, and the first end of the gravity block 13 is squeezed against the arc-shaped housing structure at position B.

[0078] This embodiment can restrict the locking hook from rotating towards the unlocking direction by squeezing the gravity block and the limiting portion against each other within a first angle range, expand the locking angle range of the locking hook, ensure the uniqueness of the unlocking area, and improve the reliability and safety of the connection between the tool and the installation base.

[0079] In some embodiments, as Figures 1 to 12 shown, the quick connection device further includes a first limiting member 41 for restricting the extreme position of the second end of the gravity block 13 from rotating towards the direction close to the first pin shaft 61.

[0080] Specifically, within a certain angular range, the second end of the gravity block 13 has a tendency to rotate towards the direction close to the first pin shaft 61 under the action of gravity, that is, a tendency to rotate in the clockwise direction. Specifically, when the gravity block 13 rotates clockwise around the second pin shaft 62 by a certain angle, it will be limited by the first limiting member 41. The first limiting member 41 can control the rotation of the gravity block 13 within a certain small range, and can more precisely control the movement range of the gravity block 13, avoiding the influence of the gravity block 13 on the free rotation of the locking hook outside the first angular range. Optionally, the first limiting member 41 can be a stop block, a baffle, etc., and the first limiting member 41 can be arranged on the housing.

[0081] This embodiment limits the extreme position of the second end of the gravity block towards the direction close to the first pin shaft through the first limiting member, can more precisely control the movement range of the gravity block, avoids the influence of the gravity block on the free rotation of the locking hook outside the first angular range, and improves the safety and reliability of the connection between the machine tool and the installation base.

[0082] In some embodiments, as Figures 1 to 14B shown, the locking hook 12 includes a hook body 122 and a hook claw 123 that are connected to form an L-shaped structure. The hook body 122 is connected to the second pin shaft 62, and the hook claw 123 is used to engage with the main locking hook 11;

[0083] Among them, the position where the locking hook 12 rotates to the position where the hook body 122 is upward and the center of gravity of the locking hook 12 deviates from the direction away from the first pin shaft 61 from the initial self-balanced state is the first critical position. The position where the locking hook 12 rotates to the position where the hook body 122 is upward and the equivalent center of gravity of the locking hook 12 and the gravity block 13 deviates from the direction away from the first pin shaft 61 from the initial self-balanced state is the second critical position. The first angular range is the angular range between the first critical position and the second critical position.

[0084] Specifically, the hook claw 123 can cooperate with the engaging block protruding from the first end of the main locking hook 11. For example, the hook claw 123 hooks the engaging block, and the inclined surfaces of the two are engaged with each other to achieve locking. Specifically, the first critical position can be the Figure 4 position shown. At this time, the quick connection device rotates to the a position. The second critical position can be the Figure 5 position shown in the upper half. At this time, the quick connection device rotates to the b position. Specifically, the Figure 4 a position shown and the Figure 5 b position shown in the upper half are only schematic positions. The first critical position and the second critical position of the locking hook 12 can shift or change according to the shape, center of gravity position, etc. of the locking hook 12.

[0085] Specifically, between position a and position b, that is, within the first angular range, the locking hook 12 has a tendency to disengage from the main locking hook 11 under the action of gravity, but the gravity block 13 can prevent this disengagement tendency and keep the locking hook 12 in the locked position. Specifically, if the quick-connecting device continues to rotate clockwise at position b, the equivalent center of gravity of the locking hook 12 and the gravity block 13 shifts in the direction of the disengagement of the locking hook 12, and the locking hook 12 disengages to complete the unlocking of the main locking component, causing the main locking component 1 to switch from the first locked state to the first unlocked state.

[0086] For the quick-connecting device of this embodiment, by engaging the hook claw with the main locking hook and using the gravity block to keep the locking hook in the locked position when the quick-connecting device rotates within the first angular range, the angular range of the locking hook can be expanded, the reliability of the connection between the machine tool and the installation base can be improved, and thus the safety of the construction machinery operation can be enhanced.

[0087] In some embodiments, as Figures 1 to 14B shown, the locking hook 12 includes a hook body 122 and a hook claw 123 that are connected to form an L-shaped structure. The hook body 122 is connected to the second pin shaft 62, and the hook claw 123 is used to engage with the main locking hook 11;

[0088] Among them, the position where the locking hook 12 rotates to the hook body 122 facing upward and the equivalent center of gravity of the locking hook 12 and the gravity block 13 deviates from the initial self-balancing direction away from the first pin shaft 61 is the second critical position. The position where the locking hook 12 rotates to the hook body 122 facing downward and the center of gravity of the locking hook 12 deviates from the initial self-balancing direction towards the first pin shaft 61 is the third critical position. The angular range between the second critical position and the third critical position is the second angular range. In the first unlocked state, the quick-connecting device is within the second angular range, and in the first locked state, the quick-connecting device is not within the second angular range.

[0089] Specifically, the second critical position can be Figure 5 the position shown in the upper half, at this time the quick-connecting device rotates to position b, and the third critical position can be Figure 5 the position shown in the lower half, at this time the quick-connecting device rotates to position c. Specifically, Figure 5 the shown positions b and c are only schematic positions. The second critical position and the third critical position of the locking hook 12 can shift or change according to the shapes and center of gravity positions of the locking hook 12 and the gravity block 13. In actual situations, the second angular range is less than Figure 5 . Specifically, during the operation of the machine tool 101, most of the angles corresponding to the quick-connecting device are not within the second angular range.

[0090] Specifically, if the quick-connecting device continues to rotate clockwise at position c, the center of gravity of the locking hook 12 shifts towards the direction close to the first pin shaft 61. There is a tendency for the locking hook 12 to rotate counterclockwise under the action of gravity, which can achieve the locking of the main locking component 1, causing the main locking component 1 to switch from the first unlocked state to the first locked state.

[0091] For the quick-connecting device of this embodiment, within the second angular range in the first unlocked state, it can ensure the uniqueness of the unlocking area and improve the safety of the connection between the machine tool and the installation base. The operator can lock and unlock the main locking component by gravity by controlling the rotation angle of the quick-connecting device in the cab, thereby quickly installing or replacing the machine tool, reducing the operation difficulty, and improving the efficiency.

[0092] In some embodiments, as Figures 1 to 14B shown, the quick-connecting device further includes a first linear driving component 51, whose first end is connected to the main locking hook 11. The first linear driving component 51 is used to drive the main locking hook 11 to engage with and disengage from the main pin shaft 102.

[0093] Specifically, the first end of the first linear driving component 51 is connected to the main locking hook 11 through a fifth pin shaft 65. Optionally, the fifth pin shaft 65 can be a hinge shaft. Specifically, when the first linear driving component 51 extends, it can achieve the engagement between the main locking hook 11 and the main pin shaft 102. Optionally, the first linear driving component 51 can be an oil cylinder, an electric push rod, etc.

[0094] In this embodiment, the operator in the cab can drive the first linear driving component to achieve the engagement between the main locking hook and the main pin shaft, thereby quickly installing or replacing the machine tool, realizing the convenience of operation, and improving the operation safety and efficiency.

[0095] In some embodiments, as Figures 2 to 14B shown, the machine tool 101 is provided with a secondary pin shaft 103 extending along the preset direction x. The quick-connecting device further includes a secondary locking component 2. The secondary locking component 2 has a second locked state and a second unlocked state. The secondary locking component 2 is used to lock the secondary pin shaft 103 to the secondary locking hook 21, and the second locked state is independent of the state of the main locking component 1.

[0096] In this embodiment, by setting two sets of independent locking systems, both locks are mechanical locks and the locking and unlocking are independent. When the main locking component 1 is damaged or in the first unlocked state, the secondary locking component 2 can still play a locking role, which can improve the reliability of the connection between the machine tool and the installation base and the safety of the construction machinery operation.

[0097] In some embodiments, as Figures 1 to 14B shown, in the preset direction x, the main locking component 1 and the secondary locking component 2 are arranged side by side.

[0098] Specifically, the main locking component 1 achieves locking within a large angular range through the cooperation of the locking hook 12 and the gravity block 13. The secondary locking component 2 achieves locking through a locking mechanism such as the locking block 22 in the following embodiments. These two locking structures are located on both sides of the quick connection device, and can be structurally independent of each other, improving the reliability of locking and unlocking. Moreover, the side-by-side arrangement facilitates the layout of the main locking component 1 and the secondary locking component 2.

[0099] In some embodiments, as Figures 1 to 14B shown, the quick connection device further includes a housing 3. A protruding portion 31 is provided in the area of the housing 3 near the main pin 102. The protruding portion 31 is provided on the movement trajectory of the main pin 102 disengaging to prevent the main pin 102 from disengaging. The movement trajectory of the main pin 102 disengaging is an arc centered on the secondary pin 103.

[0100] Specifically, the movement trajectory d of the main pin 102 disengaging can be as Figure 12 and Figure 13 shown. By providing the protruding portion 31 on the housing 3, in special cases such as when the driving component fails and the main locking component 1 fails, the protruding portion 31 can still prevent the main pin 102 from disengaging, ensuring that the main pin 102 and the quick connection device do not separate, and improving the reliability of the connection between the machine tool and the installation base.

[0101] Specifically, as Figure 12 and Figure 13 shown, since the main locking component 1 and the secondary locking component 2 are independent of each other, when the main locking component 1 is damaged, the secondary locking component 2 still plays a locking role, that is, the secondary locking component 2 is in the second locking state. Therefore, even if the main locking component 1 fails, the movement trajectory d of the main pin 102 disengaging is an arc centered on the secondary pin 103.

[0102] More specifically, to clarify that the protruding portion 31 does not interfere with the combination of the quick connection device and the machine tool 101, the installation process schematic diagrams of the machine tool 101 (bucket) of the quick connection device shown in Figure 12 and Figure 13 are given. As Figure 14A shown, the bucket has been fitted to the quick connection device, but at this time the main pin 102 and the secondary pin 103 have not been installed in place yet. As Figure 14B shown, under the action of the oil cylinder, the main locking hook 11 pushes the bucket to the position, that is, the bucket is installed in place with the quick connection device. From the installation process schematic diagrams shown in Figure 14A and Figure 14B it can be seen that the protruding portion 31 does not affect the installation of the machine tool 101. The protruding portion 31 can prevent the separation of the main pin 102 from the quick connection device caused by the main locking hook 11 losing the oil cylinder locking and accidentally losing the mechanical locking of the locking hook 12.

[0103] In this embodiment, by providing a protruding portion on the movement trajectory of the main pin shaft detachment, it is possible to ensure that the main pin shaft and the quick connection device do not separate under special circumstances such as the failure of the driving component and the failure of the main locking component, and the protruding portion does not affect the installation of the implement, which can improve the reliability of the connection between the implement and the installation base.

[0104] In some embodiments, as Figures 1 to 14B shown, the secondary locking component 2 includes:

[0105] A locking block 22, which is rotatably connected to a third pin shaft 63 extending along a preset direction x. In the second locked state, the locking block 22 rotates to a first position, and at the first position, the first end of the locking block 22 abuts against the secondary pin shaft 103 to block the detachment of the secondary pin shaft 103 from the secondary locking hook 21.

[0106] Specifically, the first end of the locking block 22 can abut against the secondary pin shaft 103 by various means to block the detachment of the secondary pin shaft 103 from the secondary locking hook 21. For example, it can abut against one end of the secondary locking groove 24 of the locking block 22 near the third pin shaft 63 through a fourth pin shaft 64 of the first linear driving component 51 to lock the position of the locking block 22.

[0107] In this embodiment, by the first end of the locking block abutting against the secondary pin shaft at the first position to block the detachment of the secondary pin shaft from the secondary locking hook, mechanical locking of the secondary pin shaft can be achieved, which can improve the reliability of the connection between the implement and the installation base.

[0108] In some embodiments, as Figures 1 to 14B shown, the secondary locking component 2 further includes:

[0109] A second limiting member 42 for limiting the extreme position of the first end of the locking block 22 rotating in a direction away from the main pin shaft 102.

[0110] Specifically, when the secondary pin shaft 103 detaches from the secondary locking hook 21, it will cause a tendency for the locking block 22 to rotate counterclockwise. The second limiting member 42 can further prevent the rotational tendency of the locking block 22, so that the first end of the locking block 22 always abuts against the secondary pin shaft 103. Optionally, at the first position, the first end of the locking block 22 blocks the detachment path of the secondary pin shaft 103.

[0111] In this embodiment, by the first end of the locking block abutting against the secondary pin shaft at the first position to block the detachment of the secondary pin shaft from the secondary locking hook, and at the same time the second limiting member can limit the extreme position of the counterclockwise rotation of the locking block, multiple mechanical lockings of the secondary pin shaft can be achieved, which can improve the reliability of the connection between the implement and the installation base.

[0112] In some embodiments, as Figures 1 to 14B shown, the quick connection device further includes a housing 3, and the secondary locking component 2 further includes:

[0113] The elastic member 23 is connected between the locking block 22 and the housing 3 and is used to apply an elastic force to the locking block 22 to rotate it in a direction approaching the second limiting member 42.

[0114] Specifically, the elastic member 23 is used to apply a counterclockwise elastic force to the locking block 22 to fix the position of the locking block 22 and prevent the locking block 22 from deviating from the first position due to interference from other factors, so that the secondary locking member 2 can still function even if the primary locking member 1 is damaged.

[0115] In this embodiment, the elastic member holds the locking block at the first position, which can prevent the locking block from moving randomly due to interference from other factors and improve the reliability of the connection between the machine tool and the installation base.

[0116] In some embodiments, as Figures 1 to 14B shown, the quick-connecting device further includes a housing 3 and a fourth pin shaft 64 extending along a preset direction x. A slideway 32 is provided on the housing 3. The fourth pin shaft 64 is movably connected to the housing 3 along the slideway 32. The locking block 22 further includes a secondary locking groove 24. The fourth pin shaft 64 is arranged in the secondary locking groove 24 and abuts against the inner wall of the secondary locking groove 24.

[0117] Wherein, the movement of the fourth pin shaft 64 is used to drive the locking block 22 to rotate around the third pin shaft 63. When the fourth pin shaft 64 moves from one end of the secondary locking groove 24 close to the third pin shaft 63 to the other end of the secondary locking groove 24 far from the third pin shaft 63 along the slideway 32, the secondary locking member 2 switches from the second locked state to the second unlocked state.

[0118] Specifically, as Figures 6 to 11 shown, the slideway 32 can extend in the horizontal direction. Specifically, the slideway 32 can limit the movement path of the fourth pin shaft, and the secondary locking groove 24 can limit the movement path of the locking block 22. Specifically, when the fourth pin shaft 64 moves from one end of the secondary locking groove 24 close to the third pin shaft 63 to the other end of the secondary locking groove 24 far from the third pin shaft 63 along the slideway 32, it drives the locking block 22 to rotate clockwise around the third pin shaft, thereby realizing the unlocking of the secondary locking member 2.

[0119] Optionally, during the process of the fourth pin shaft 64 moving from one end of the secondary locking groove 24 close to the third pin shaft 63 to the other end of the secondary locking groove 24 far from the third pin shaft 63 along the slideway 32, several intermediate states can be set according to actual needs. Specifically, only setting two states can help to achieve precise control of the secondary locking member 2.

[0120] In this embodiment, the unlocking of the secondary locking member is realized by the movement of the fourth pin shaft, which can reduce the number of moving parts of the secondary locking member to effectively reduce the manufacturing cost. At the same time, the movement path of the moving parts is limited by the slideway and the secondary locking groove, which can realize precise control of the secondary locking member and improve the reliability of the connection between the machine tool and the installation base.

[0121] In some embodiments, as Figure 10 shown, in the second unlocking state, the locking block 22 rotates to the second position, and at the second position, the first end of the locking block 22 is spaced apart from the detachment path of the secondary pin shaft 103.

[0122] Specifically, in the second locking state, the locking block 22 is located at the first position. At the first position, the first end of the locking block 22 abuts against the secondary pin shaft 103. When the secondary locking member 2 is switched to the second unlocking state, the locking block 22 rotates to the second position spaced apart from the detachment path of the secondary pin shaft 103, so that the secondary pin shaft 103 can freely disengage from the secondary locking hook 21. Optionally, as Figures 6 to 11 shown, the detachment path of the secondary pin shaft 103 may extend in the horizontal direction.

[0123] In this embodiment, the unlocking of the secondary locking member is achieved by rotating the locking block to the second position. The mechanical locking and unlocking structures are reliable and effective, and can improve the reliability of the connection between the machine tool and the installation base.

[0124] In some embodiments, as Figures 1 to 14B shown, the quick-connecting device further includes a housing 3, and the secondary locking member 2 further includes:

[0125] An elastic member 23, connected between the locking block 22 and the housing 3, for applying an elastic force to the locking block 22 to rotate it in the direction close to the second limiting member 42. The elastic force of the elastic member 23 at the first position of the locking block 22 is less than that at the second position.

[0126] Specifically, the acting force of the elastic member 23 on the locking block 22 is greater at the second position than at the first position, which is beneficial to driving the locking block 22 to overcome the rotational resistance and return to the first position.

[0127] In this embodiment, by making the elastic force of the elastic member greater at the second position, it is beneficial for the locking block to overcome the rotational resistance and return to the first position, which can prevent the locking block from moving randomly due to other factors and improve the reliability of the connection between the machine tool and the installation base.

[0128] In some embodiments, as Figures 6 to 10 shown, the quick-connecting device further includes a first linear driving member 51 and a third limiting member 43. The first end of the first linear driving member 51 is connected to the main locking hook 11, and the second end of the first linear driving member 51 is connected to the fourth pin shaft 64. The third limiting member 43 is used to limit the extreme position of the main locking hook 11 rotating away from the main pin shaft 102;

[0129] Wherein, when the main locking member 1 is in the first unlocking state and the first linear driving member 51 contracts, the main locking hook 11 abuts against the third limiting member 43, and the first linear driving member 51 continues to contract to drive the fourth pin shaft 64 to move along the slideway 32.

[0130] Specifically, the first end of the first linear drive member 51 can be connected to the main locking hook 11 through the fifth pin shaft 65. Optionally, the fifth pin shaft 65 can be a hinge shaft. Optionally, the first linear drive member 51 can be an oil cylinder, an electric push rod, etc. Optionally, the third limiting member 43 can be a stop block, etc., and optionally, the third limiting member 43 can be provided on the housing 3.

[0131] Specifically, when the first linear drive member 51 extends, it can achieve the engagement of the main locking hook 11 and the main pin shaft 102. When the first linear drive member 51 contracts, it drives the main locking hook 11 to rotate counterclockwise around the first pin shaft 61. After the main locking hook 11 rotates counterclockwise by a certain angle, it will be limited by the third limiting member 43. After that, the main locking hook 11 no longer moves. When the first linear drive member 51 continues to contract, it will drive the fourth pin shaft 64 to move leftward along the slideway 32, so that the fourth pin shaft 64 moves from one end close to the third pin shaft 63 in the secondary locking groove 24 to one end far from the third pin shaft 63 in the secondary locking groove 24, thereby causing the locking block 22 to rotate around the third pin shaft 63 from the first position to the second position to complete the unlocking of the secondary locking member 2.

[0132] In this embodiment, by connecting the second end of the first linear drive member to the fourth pin shaft and limiting the extreme position of the rotation of the main locking hook through the third limiting member, it is convenient for the operator to unlock the secondary locking member by controlling the contraction of the first linear drive member in the cab, thereby quickly installing or replacing the implement, reducing the operation difficulty and improving the efficiency.

[0133] Secondly, the present disclosure provides a construction machinery, such as Figure 1 shown, including an installation base 104, an implement 101, and the quick connection device of the above embodiment. The quick connection device detachably connects the implement 101 to the installation base 104.

[0134] The construction machinery of this embodiment can quickly and flexibly install or replace the implement through the lockable quick connection device, which is beneficial to broadening the functions of the construction machinery. The connection reliability between the implement and the installation base is high, and the operation safety of the construction machinery is high. After installing the implement, there is no need for manual pin insertion to achieve locking, which can reduce the dropping of the implement caused by operation errors during operation, and the operation safety is high. The operator can replace the implement in the cab, which can reduce the operation difficulty when replacing the implement and improve the efficiency.

[0135] In some embodiments, such as Figure 1 shown, the construction machinery is an excavator. The implement 101 includes a bucket. The installation base 104 includes a dipper arm 105 and a connecting rod 106. The bucket is connected to the first end of the dipper arm 105 and the first end of the connecting rod 106 through the quick connection device. The second end of the connecting rod 106 is rotatably connected to the dipper arm 105 through a rocker arm 107.

[0136] Specifically, the excavator may further include a second linear drive member 52, such as a hydraulic cylinder or the like. The first end of the second linear drive member 52 is rotatably connected to the second end of the connecting rod 106. The second linear drive member 52, the connecting rod 106, and the swing arm 107 are hinged at the same point. The second end of the second linear drive member 52 is rotatably connected to the second end of the bucket rod 105.

[0137] Taking the excavator with the implement 101 being a bucket as an example, the working principle of the quick connection device of the present disclosure will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0138] As Figure 14A shown, the bucket first fits with the quick connection device. However, at this time, the main pin shaft 102 and the auxiliary pin shaft 103 are not yet installed in place. The first linear drive member 51 extends, and through the fifth pin shaft 65, it pushes the main lock hook 11 to rotate clockwise around the first pin shaft 61 to clamp the main pin shaft 102. At the same time, the first linear drive member 51 extends to push the bucket to the position, that is, the bucket is installed in place with the quick connection device.

[0139] As Figure 2 and Figure 14B shown, the main lock component 1 of the quick connection device is in the first locked state, and the auxiliary lock component 2 is in the second locked state. Both the main pin shaft 102 and the auxiliary pin shaft 103 of the bucket are locked. When the first linear drive member 51 loses power, the main lock hook 11 has a tendency to rotate in the loosening direction (counterclockwise) under the action of the self - gravity of the main pin shaft 102. At this time, because the locking hook 12 has a tendency to rotate counterclockwise around the second pin shaft 62 under the action of gravity and engages with the main lock hook 11, the engagement method can be as Figure 2 shown at position A in

[0140] where the two inclined surfaces mesh with each other, so the main lock hook 11 cannot be loosened.

[0141] Meanwhile, the detachment path of the auxiliary pin shaft 103 is horizontally to the right, and the first end of the locking block 22 blocks the detachment path of the auxiliary pin shaft 103 and abuts against the auxiliary pin shaft 103. The tendency of the auxiliary pin shaft 103 to disengage from the auxiliary lock hook 21 will cause the locking block 22 to have a tendency to rotate counterclockwise. The second limiting member 42 can prevent the rotational tendency of the locking block 22, so that the auxiliary lock hook 21 cannot be loosened. Moreover, the elastic member 23 applies an elastic force for counterclockwise rotation to the locking block 22 to fix the position of the locking block 22, so that the auxiliary lock component 2 can still function even if the first linear drive member 51 and the main lock component 1 are both damaged.

[0141] In addition, as Figure 12 and Figure 13As shown, a protruding portion 31 is provided in the region of the housing 3 of the quick connection device near the main pin shaft 102. The protruding portion 31 is provided on the movement trajectory of the separation of the main pin shaft 102 to prevent the main pin shaft 102 from detaching. In the special case where both the first linear drive member 51 and the main lock member 1 fail, it can still prevent the main pin shaft 102 from detaching, and the protruding portion 31 does not affect the installation of the bucket, providing a double guarantee for the locking of the main pin shaft 102. Specifically, since the main lock member 1 and the secondary lock member 2 are independent of each other, when the main lock member 1 is damaged, the secondary lock member 2 still plays a locking role, that is, the secondary lock member 2 is in the second locking state. Therefore, even if the main lock member 1 fails, the movement trajectory of the detachment of the main pin shaft 102 is an arc centered on the secondary pin shaft 103.

[0142] As Figures 1 to 14B shown, during the actual use process by the operator, the angle of the quick connection device will change with the angle of the bucket. When the quick connection device rotates to different positions, the center of gravity of the locking hook 12 will also change accordingly. When the quick connection device rotates within the first angular range, that is, when the quick connection device is between position a and position b, the locking hook 12 has a clockwise unlocking tendency under the action of gravity. The gravity block 13 and the limiting portion 121 cooperate to prevent the unlocking tendency of the locking hook 12 and keep the locking hook 12 in the locked position. Specifically, within the first angular range, the second end of the gravity block 13 rotates counterclockwise and restricts the clockwise rotation of the locking hook 12 by squeezing with the limiting portion 121 at position B, thereby expanding the locking angle range of the locking hook 12 and improving the reliability of the connection between the tool and the installation base.

[0143] Specifically, when the gravity block 13 rotates clockwise around the second pin shaft 62 by a certain angle, it will be limited by the first limiting member 41. The first limiting member 41 can control the rotation of the gravity block 13 within a certain small range, enabling more precise control of the movement range of the gravity block 13 and avoiding the influence of the gravity block 13 on the free rotation of the locking hook 12 outside the first angular range. Specifically, the limiting portion 121 and the first limiting member 41 cooperate with each other to control the rotation angle of the gravity block 13, and thus control the locking and unlocking range of the main lock member 1.

[0144] As Figure 5As shown, when the quick-connecting device rotates to the second angular range, that is, when the quick-connecting device is between position b and position c, the equivalent center of gravity of the locking hook 12 and the gravity block 13 deflects towards the direction in which the locking hook 12 disengages, and the locking hook 12 disengages from the main locking hook 11 to complete the unlocking of the main locking component 1, so that the main locking component 1 switches from the first locked state to the first unlocked state. The operator can realize the unlocking of the main locking component by gravity by controlling the rotation angle of the bucket (quick-connecting device) in the cab, and the uniqueness of the unlocking area can be ensured. Specifically, the above positions a, b, and c are only schematic positions, and the actual unlocking position of the quick-connecting device may shift or change according to the shapes and center-of-gravity positions of the locking hook 12 and the gravity block 13. In actual situations, the second angular range is less than Figure 5 . Specifically, during the operation of the bucket, most of the angles corresponding to the quick-connecting device are not within the second angular range.

[0145] As Figures 6 to 11 shown, the first end of the first linear driving component 51 of the quick-connecting device is connected to the main locking hook 11, the second end of the first linear driving component 51 is connected to the fourth pin shaft 64, and the third limiting member 43 can limit the extreme position of the counterclockwise rotation of the main locking hook 11. When the main locking component 1 is in the first unlocked state and the first linear driving component 51 contracts, the main locking hook 11 abuts against the third limiting member 43, and the first linear driving component 51 continues to contract to drive the fourth pin shaft 64 to move from right to left along the slideway 32, so that the locking block 22 rotates from the first position to the second position around the third pin shaft 63 to complete the unlocking of the secondary locking component 2, and the secondary locking component 2 switches from the second locked state to the second unlocked state.

[0146] Specifically, the operator can realize the installation and locking of the bucket by controlling the extension of the first linear driving component 51 in the cab, realize the unlocking of the main locking component 1 by controlling the rotation angle of the bucket (quick-connecting device) to the second angular range, and realize the unlocking of the secondary locking component 2 by controlling the contraction of the first linear driving component 51, so as to quickly install or replace the tool, reduce the operation difficulty and improve the efficiency.

[0147] This embodiment uses a pure gravity method in which the locking hook and the gravity block cooperate to mechanically lock the main pin shaft. The locking hook has a large locking angle range, and the protrusion provides multiple guarantees for the locking of the main pin shaft. The locking block and the chute structure are used to realize the locking and unlocking of the secondary pin shaft. There are few moving parts, the manufacturing cost is low, the locking reliability is high, and manual pin insertion is not required for locking. The operator can realize locking and unlocking by controlling the rotation angle of the first linear driving component and the quick-connecting device, and then quickly install or replace the tool, which can improve the connection reliability between the tool and the installation base, and the safety of construction machinery operation is high. This solution has at least the following advantages:

[0148] 1. When the first linear drive component 51 fails, the quick-connect device does not separate from the implement 101.

[0149] 2. The quick-connect device can only be unlocked within a specific angular range, effectively improving the safety of the quick-connect device.

[0150] 3. By adopting a double-lock structure in which the main lock component 1 and the auxiliary lock component 2 cooperate and are relatively independent, there is no direct linkage relationship between the two locks. Damage to the main lock component 1 will not cause the auxiliary lock component 2 to unlock, effectively improving the safety of the quick-connect device.

[0151] 4. The driver can directly complete the connection or separation of the quick-connect device and the implement 101 independently in the cab.

[0152] 5. The quick-connect device can be directly matched with a common bucket of the corresponding tonnage without the need to produce a special bucket.

[0153] 6. The quick-connect device has a space for increasing the material size, which can effectively improve the structural strength.

[0154] The above has introduced in detail a quick-connect device and a construction machine provided by the present disclosure. Specific embodiments are used herein to elaborate on the principles and implementation manners of the present disclosure. The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the method and its core idea of the present disclosure. It should be noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art in this technical field, without departing from the principle of the present disclosure, several improvements and modifications can be made to the present disclosure, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the protection scope of the claims of the present disclosure.

Claims

1. A quick connection device, characterized in that, For connecting a machine tool (101) to an installation base (104), the machine tool (101) is provided with a main pin shaft (102) extending along a preset direction (x); the quick connection device includes a main lock component (1), the main lock component (1) has a first locking state and a first unlocking state, and includes: A main lock hook (11), the first end of the main lock hook (11) is rotatably connected to a first pin shaft (61) extending along the preset direction (x), and the second end of the main lock hook (11) is used for engaging with the main pin shaft (102) in the first locking state; A locking hook (12), the first end of the locking hook (12) is rotatably connected to a second pin shaft (62) extending along the preset direction (x), and the second end of the locking hook (12) is used for engaging with the first end of the main lock hook (11) in the first locking state; and A gravity block (13), the first end of the gravity block (13) is rotatably connected to the second pin shaft (62), the gravity block (13) is used for keeping the locking hook (12) in the locking position when the quick connection device rotates within a first angular range, there is a tendency for the locking hook (12) to disengage from the main lock hook (11) under the action of gravity within the first angular range, and the weight of the gravity block (13) is greater than that of the locking hook (12).

2. The quick connection device according to claim 1, wherein, A limiting portion (121) is provided at the first end of the locking hook (12) and / or the first end of the gravity block (13) for limiting the extreme position of the second end of the gravity block (13) rotating away from the first pin shaft (61).

3. The quick connection device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The limiting portion (121) is provided between the locking hook (12) and the gravity block (13), and the gravity block (13) and the limiting portion (121) are mutually extruded within the first angular range.

4. The quick connection device according to claim 1, wherein, The quick connection device further includes a first limiting member (41) for limiting the extreme position of the second end of the gravity block (13) rotating towards the first pin shaft (61).

5. The quick connection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The locking hook (12) includes a hook body (122) and a hook claw (123) connected to form an L-shaped structure, the hook body (122) is connected to the second pin shaft (62), and the hook claw (123) is used for engaging with the main lock hook (11); Wherein, the position where the locking hook (12) rotates to the hook body (122) facing upwards and the center of gravity of the locking hook (12) deviates from the initial self-balanced position in the direction away from the first pin shaft (61) is the first critical position, the position where the locking hook (12) rotates to the hook body (122) facing upwards and the equivalent center of gravity of the locking hook (12) and the gravity block (13) deviates from the initial self-balanced position in the direction away from the first pin shaft (61) is the second critical position, and the first angular range is the angular range between the first critical position and the second critical position.

6. The quick connection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The locking hook (12) includes a hook body (122) and a hook claw (123) that are connected to form an L-shaped structure. The hook body (122) is connected to the second pin shaft (62), and the hook claw (123) is used to engage with the main locking hook (11). Among them, when the locking hook (12) rotates to a position where the hook body (122) is upward and the equivalent center of gravity of the locking hook (12) and the gravity block (13) deviates from the initial self-balancing orientation in a direction away from the first pin shaft (61), it is the second critical position. When the locking hook (12) rotates to a position where the hook body (122) is downward and the center of gravity of the locking hook (12) deviates from the initial self-balancing orientation in a direction close to the first pin shaft (61), it is the third critical position. The angular range between the second critical position and the third critical position is the second angular range. In the first unlocking state, the quick-connecting device is within the second angular range. In the first locking state, the quick-connecting device is not within the second angular range.

7. The quick connection device according to claim 1, wherein It further includes a first linear driving component (51), whose first end is connected to the main locking hook (11), and the first linear driving component (51) is used to drive the main locking hook (11) to engage with and disengage from the main pin shaft (102).

8. The quick connection device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, The machine tool (101) is provided with a secondary pin shaft (103) extending along the preset direction (x). The quick-connecting device further includes a secondary locking component (2). The secondary locking component (2) has a second locking state and a second unlocking state, and the secondary locking component (2) is used to lock the secondary pin shaft (103) to the secondary locking hook (21), and the second locking state is independent of the state of the main locking component (1).

9. The quick-connecting device according to claim 8, wherein, In the preset direction (x), the main locking component (1) and the secondary locking component (2) are arranged side by side.

10. The quick connection device according to claim 8, characterized in that, It further includes a housing (3). A protruding portion (31) is provided in a region of the housing (3) close to the main pin shaft (102). The protruding portion (31) is provided on the movement trajectory of the separation of the main pin shaft (102) to prevent the main pin shaft (102) from separating. The movement trajectory of the separation of the main pin shaft (102) is an arc with the secondary pin shaft (103) as the center of the circle.

11. The quick connection device according to claim 8, wherein, The secondary locking component (2) includes:[[]] A locking block (22) that is rotatably connected to a third pin shaft (63) extending along the preset direction (x). In the second locking state, the locking block (22) rotates to the first position, and in the first position, the first end of the locking block (22) abuts against the secondary pin shaft (103) to block the secondary pin shaft (103) from separating from the secondary locking hook (21).

12. The quick connection device according to claim 11, characterized in that, The secondary locking component (2) further includes:[[]] A second limiting member (42) for limiting the extreme position of the first end of the locking block (22) rotating in a direction away from the main pin shaft (102).

13. The quick connection device according to claim 12, characterized in that, It further includes a housing (3). The secondary locking component (2) further includes:[[]] An elastic member (23) connected between the locking block (22) and the housing (3) for applying an elastic force to the locking block (22) to rotate it in a direction close to the second limiting member (42).

14. The quick connection device according to claim 11, characterized in that, It further includes a housing (3) and a fourth pin shaft (64) extending along the preset direction (x). A slideway (32) is provided on the housing (3), and the fourth pin shaft (64) is movably connected to the housing (3) along the slideway (32). The locking block (22) further includes a secondary locking groove (24), and the fourth pin shaft (64) is arranged in the secondary locking groove (24) and abuts against the inner wall of the secondary locking groove (24). Wherein, the movement of the fourth pin shaft (64) is used to drive the locking block (22) to rotate around the third pin shaft (63). When the fourth pin shaft (64) moves along the slideway (32) from one end close to the third pin shaft (63) in the secondary locking groove (24) to the other end far from the third pin shaft (63) in the secondary locking groove (24), the secondary locking component (2) switches from the second locked state to the second unlocked state.

15. The quick connection device according to claim 11, characterized in that, In the second unlocked state, the locking block (22) rotates to the second position, and at the second position, the first end of the locking block (22) is spaced apart from the detachment path of the secondary pin shaft (103).

16. The quick connection device according to claim 15, characterized in that, The quick-connecting device further includes a housing (3), and the secondary locking component (2) further includes: A second limiting member (42) for limiting the extreme position of the first end of the locking block (22) rotating in the direction away from the main pin shaft (102); and An elastic member (23) connected between the locking block (22) and the housing (3) for applying an elastic force to the locking block (22) to rotate it towards the direction close to the second limiting member (42), and the elastic force of the elastic member (23) at the first position of the locking block (22) is less than that at the second position.

17. The quick-connecting device according to claim 14, characterized in that, It further includes a first linear driving component (51) and a third limiting member (43). The first end of the first linear driving component (51) is connected to the main locking hook (11), the second end of the first linear driving component (51) is connected to the fourth pin shaft (64), and the third limiting member (43) is used to limit the extreme position of the main locking hook (11) rotating in the direction away from the main pin shaft (102). Wherein, when the main locking component (1) is in the first unlocked state and the first linear driving component (51) contracts, the main locking hook (11) abuts against the third limiting member (43), and the first linear driving component (51) continues to contract to drive the fourth pin shaft (64) to move along the slideway (32).

18. An engineering machinery, characterized in that, It includes an installation base (104), a tool (101) and the quick-connecting device according to any one of claims 1 to 17, and the quick-connecting device connects the tool (101) to the installation base (104).

19. The construction machinery according to claim 18, characterized in that, The construction machinery is an excavator, the tool (101) includes a bucket, the mounting base (104) includes a boom (105) and a connecting rod (106), the bucket is connected to the first end of the boom (105) and the first end of the connecting rod (106) through the quick connection device, and the second end of the connecting rod (106) is rotatably connected to the boom (105) through a swing arm (107).

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