A diaphragm-type ultra-high-pressure liquid buffer device and liquid rocket engine

Abstract

The present invention relates to a diaphragm-type ultra-high-pressure liquid buffer device and a liquid rocket engine, which mainly solves the problem that after the fuel generator is ignited, the rear pipeline of the secondary fuel pump will quickly fill the fuel with ultra-high-pressure fuel, which will cause the pressure of the gas generator to rise sharply, and thus easily cause structural damage to the gas generator. The device comprises a shell, a partition and a diaphragm arranged in the shell, a valve, and a one-way valve with a throttle hole; a first connection port is provided on one side of the shell, and a second connection port is provided on the other side; the partition is installed on the shell, a first fitting surface is provided on one side of the partition, and a second fitting surface is provided on the inner wall of the shell; the diaphragm is provided between the first fitting surface and the second fitting surface; a plurality of through holes are provided on the partition; the output end of the one-way valve is connected to the second connection port, and the input end is connected to the first pump body; the valve is installed on the first connection port, and the valve is connected to the output end of the second pump body.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a buffer device and an engine, and in particular to a diaphragm-type ultra-high-pressure liquid buffer device and a liquid rocket engine provided with the buffer device. Background Art

[0002] A liquid rocket engine is short for a rocket engine that uses liquid propellant. The liquid propellant is delivered by a delivery system to the engine pump. After being pressurized by the pump, it enters the engine's thrust chamber, where it burns or decomposes. This converts the propellant's internal energy into heat, producing high-temperature, high-pressure combustion gas. This gas is ejected from the nozzle at high speed, generating a reaction force—thrust—that provides the rocket's kinetic energy.

[0003] A certain type of large-thrust regenerative cycle liquid rocket engine currently exists, comprising a fuel generator, a first-stage fuel pump 01 and a second-stage fuel pump 02. After the fuel generator is ignited, the rear pipeline of the second-stage fuel pump 02 will rapidly fill the fuel generator with ultra-high-pressure fuel (up to 52 MPa) through the first-stage fuel pump 01, causing the pressure of the gas generator to rise sharply, which in turn can easily lead to structural damage to the gas generator. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the technical problem that after the fuel generator of the existing liquid rocket engine is ignited, the rear pipeline of the secondary fuel pump will quickly fill the ultra-high-pressure fuel, which will cause the pressure of the gas generator to rise sharply, and thus easily cause structural damage to the gas generator. A diaphragm-type ultra-high-pressure liquid buffer device and a liquid rocket engine are provided.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0006] A diaphragm-type ultra-high pressure liquid buffer device, which is special in that:

[0007] It includes a shell, a partition and a diaphragm arranged in the shell, a valve and a one-way valve with a throttle hole;

[0008] The housing is provided with a first connection port on one side and a second connection port on the other side;

[0009] The partition is mounted on the inner wall of the shell and is located on the same side as the second connection port. A first fitting surface is provided on the side of the partition close to the second connection port, and a second fitting surface with the same structure as the first fitting surface is provided on the inner wall of the shell. The diaphragm is adapted to both the first fitting surface and the second fitting surface and is provided between the first fitting surface and the second fitting surface, dividing the inner cavity of the shell into a first cavity connected to the first connection port and a second cavity connected to the second connection port. The partition is provided with a plurality of through holes, and the first cavity and the second cavity are connected through the through holes.

[0010] The output end of the one-way valve is connected to the second connection port, and the input end is used to connect to the first pump body, and the fluid is pre-filled into the second cavity through the first pump body to make the diaphragm fit on the first fitting surface;

[0011] The valve is installed on the first connecting port and is used to be connected to the output end of the second pump body. It opens after the pressure value of the fluid output by the second pump body reaches a preset pressure value, fills the first cavity with fluid, and discharges the pre-filled fluid in the second cavity through the throttle hole on the one-way valve until the diaphragm is attached to the second fitting surface.

[0012] Furthermore, the second fitting surface of the housing is covered with a protective net, the protective net is provided with a plurality of through holes, and the second cavity is connected to the second connecting port through the through holes;

[0013] The diameter of the through hole is smaller than the diameter of the second connecting port.

[0014] Furthermore, the partition includes a first sub-plate, and two second sub-plates arranged opposite to each other at both ends of the first sub-plate;

[0015] The plurality of through holes are all provided on the first sub-board, and the first fitting surface is provided on a surface of the first sub-board close to the second connection port;

[0016] The second sub-board is attached to the inner wall of the shell.

[0017] Furthermore, the first sub-board is an arc-shaped board that protrudes toward the first connection port.

[0018] Furthermore, the housing includes a first housing and a second housing snap-fitted with the first housing;

[0019] The first connection port is arranged on the first shell, the second connection port and the second fitting surface are both arranged on the second shell, and the second sub-board is fitted on the inner wall of the second shell.

[0020] Furthermore, an annular cavity is provided on the outer surface of the second shell, and the second connecting port is connected to the one-way valve through the annular cavity.

[0021] Furthermore, the valve is a diaphragm valve.

[0022] At the same time, the present invention also provides a liquid rocket engine, including a first-stage fuel pump and a second-stage fuel pump;

[0023] The aforementioned diaphragm-type ultra-high-pressure liquid buffer device is provided between the front pipe of the first-stage fuel pump and the rear pipe of the second-stage fuel pump;

[0024] The valve is communicated with the rear pipeline of the secondary fuel pump, and the input end of the one-way valve is communicated with the front pipeline of the primary fuel pump.

[0025] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0026] 1. The present invention divides the interior of the shell into a first cavity and a second cavity by a diaphragm, and pre-fills the second cavity with low-pressure fluid through a one-way valve with a throttle hole, so that the diaphragm can be attached to the partition; when the high-pressure fluid is quickly filled into the first cavity through the valve body via the first connecting port, the low-pressure fluid pre-filled in the second cavity can be discharged in sequence through the second connecting port and the throttle hole of the one-way valve under the action of the high-pressure fluid, thereby achieving a buffering effect on the ultra-high-pressure fluid and preventing structural damage caused by the action of the ultra-high-pressure fluid.

[0027] 2. The protective net provided in the present invention can prevent stress concentration from forming at the second connection port of the diaphragm under the impact of high-pressure fluid, thereby making it less likely to be damaged and improving the reliability of the buffer device.

[0028] 3. The valve provided in the present invention is a diaphragm valve, which can automatically open when the external fluid reaches a certain pressure. It is a mechanical structure. Compared with electrical structures such as pressure sensors and solenoid valves, the structure of the present invention is more reliable.

[0029] 4. The liquid rocket engine of the present invention is provided with a buffer device between the pipeline before the first-stage fuel pump and the pipeline after the second-stage fuel pump, so that the fuel generator of the rocket engine can withstand an ultra-high pressure of 52 MPa without structural damage, and the casing can withstand a pressure of 200 tons without damage. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of an embodiment of the present invention, the direction indicated by the arrow in the figure is the direction of fuel flow;

[0031] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of a partial structure of a partition in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0032] In the picture:

[0033] 01-first fuel pump, 02-second fuel pump;

[0034] 1-shell, 101-first shell, 102-second shell; 2-partition, 21-first sub-plate, 22-second sub-plate; 3-diaphragm, 4-valve, 5-one-way valve, 6-first connecting port, 7-second connecting port, 8-first cavity, 9-second cavity, 10-through hole, 11-first fitting surface, 12-second fitting surface, 13-protective net, 14-annular cavity. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] To make the purposes, advantages, and features of the present invention more clear, the following is a further detailed description of a diaphragm-type ultra-high-pressure liquid buffer device and liquid rocket engine proposed by the present invention, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. The advantages and features of the present invention will become more apparent based on the following specific embodiments. It should be noted that the drawings are all in a very simplified form and are not in precise proportions. They are only used to conveniently and clearly assist in explaining the purposes of the embodiments of the present invention. Secondly, the structures shown in the drawings are often part of the actual structure.

[0036] This embodiment is a diaphragm type ultra-high pressure liquid buffer device, such as Figure 1 As shown, it includes a shell 1, a partition 2 and a diaphragm 3 arranged in the shell 1, a valve 4 and a one-way valve 5 with a throttle hole.

[0037] The shell 1 includes a first shell 101 and a second shell 102 that is snap-fitted to the first shell 101; the first shell 101 and the second shell 102 are symmetrical structures, both of which are arc-shaped shells 1; the first shell 101 and the second shell 102 are close to each other to form a cavity on one side, which can be used to fill liquid; a first connecting port 6 is provided in the middle position of the first shell 101, and a second connecting port 7 is provided at an eccentric position of the second shell 102; it should be noted that the setting position of the first connecting port 6 and the second connecting port 7 is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. In other embodiments of the present invention, the first connecting port 6 can also be set at an eccentric position, and the position of the second connecting port 7 can be adaptively designed according to the inner diameter of the annular cavity 14 set on the outer surface of the second shell 102, so that the second connecting port 7 can be kept connected with the annular cavity 14.

[0038] The partition 2 is installed on the inner wall of the second shell 102. Specifically, the partition 2 includes a first sub-plate 21 and two second sub-plates 22 arranged at both ends of the first sub-plate 21; the first sub-plate 21 is an arc-shaped plate protruding toward the first connection port 6, and the second sub-plate 22 is adapted to the inner wall of the second shell 102 and is arranged to fit the inner wall of the second shell 102; in order to prevent the diaphragm 3 from stretching or shrinking when it is fitted on the first sub-plate 21 or the second shell 102 after being turned over under the action of the external fluid, in this embodiment, the surface of the first sub-plate 21 close to the second connection port 7 is set as the first fitting surface 11, and a first fitting surface 11 is set on the inner wall of the shell 1 1, the second bonding surface 12 has the same structure as the first bonding surface 11, and the diaphragm 3 is adapted to the first bonding surface 11 and the second bonding surface 12. The above-mentioned design can prevent the diaphragm 3 from stretching or shrinking when it is bonded to the first bonding surface 11 or the second bonding surface 12, thereby ensuring that the diaphragm 3 is not easily broken during use, thereby improving its reliability. In this embodiment, the material of the diaphragm 3 is selected from titanium alloy. The diaphragm 3 is arranged between the first bonding surface 11 and the second bonding surface 12, and the inner cavity of the housing 1 is divided into a first cavity 8 connected to the first connecting port 6 and a second cavity 9 connected to the second connecting port 7 by the diaphragm 3. In addition, a plurality of through holes 10 are provided on the first sub-plate 21. Figure 2 , so that the first cavity 8 and the second cavity 9 are connected through the through hole 10.

[0039] The output end of the one-way valve 5 is connected to the second connecting port 7, and the input end is connected to the first pump body. Before buffering, low-pressure fluid can be pre-filled into the second cavity 9 through the first pump body, so that the diaphragm 3 is attached to the first fitting surface 11. The high-pressure fluid that subsequently enters the first cavity 8 from the second connecting port 7 is buffered by the pre-filled low-pressure fluid.

[0040] In this embodiment, valve 4 is a diaphragm valve that automatically opens when the external fluid reaches a preset pressure value. In other embodiments of the present invention, valve 4 can also be configured as a solenoid valve, which cooperates with a pressure sensor to detect the pressure of the external fluid in real time and then controls the opening of the solenoid valve through a controller. Valve 4 is installed on the first connecting port 6 and is connected to the output end of the second pump body. When the pressure of the fluid output by the second pump body reaches a preset pressure value, valve 4 opens, and high-pressure fluid is rapidly filled into the first cavity 8 through the second pump body. This high-pressure fluid exerts pressure on the diaphragm 3 through the through hole 10 provided in the first sub-plate 21, thereby pushing the diaphragm 3 away from the first contact surface 11, and the fluid pre-filled in the second cavity 9 is discharged sequentially through the second connecting port 7, the annular cavity 14, and the orifice of the one-way valve 5. During this process, the high-pressure fluid entering the cavity from the first connecting port 6 is buffered to prevent structural damage. Under the action of the high-pressure fluid, the diaphragm 3 is eventually completely contacted with the second contact surface 12, thus completing the buffering.

[0041] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a protective net 13 is covered on the second fitting surface 12 of the shell 1, and a plurality of through holes are provided on the protective net 13, and the second cavity 9 is connected to the second connection port 7 through the through holes; the material of the protective net 13 in this embodiment is stainless steel; the diameter of the through hole is smaller than the diameter of the through hole 10, so that when the diaphragm 3 is fitted on the second shell 102, under the action of the external high-pressure fluid, stress concentration will not be formed at the second connection port 7, thereby causing the diaphragm 3 to rupture at the second connection port 7, thereby improving its reliability.

[0042] This embodiment also provides a liquid rocket engine, comprising a primary fuel pump 01 and a secondary fuel pump 02. A diaphragm 3-type ultra-high-pressure liquid buffer device is disposed between the front pipe of the primary fuel pump 01 and the rear pipe of the secondary fuel pump 02. A valve 4 is connected to the rear pipe of the secondary fuel pump 02, and the input end of a one-way valve 5 is connected to the front pipe of the primary fuel pump 01.

[0043] When the rocket engine is started, after the fuel start valve is opened, the fuel passes through the front pipeline of the fuel first-stage pump 01 and relies on the pressure at the inlet of the rocket engine to open the one-way valve 5, and delivers low-pressure fuel into the second cavity 9 to pre-fill the second cavity 9.

[0044] When the fuel generator of the rocket engine is ignited and the fuel pressure in the pipeline behind the secondary fuel pump 02 reaches a certain pressure value, the diaphragm 3 valve opens, allowing the fuel to quickly fill the first cavity 8 with high-pressure fuel through the first connecting port 6 at a larger flow rate; at the same time, the high-pressure fuel applies pressure to the diaphragm 3 through the through hole 10, and the low-pressure fuel pre-filled in the second cavity 9 is discharged in sequence through the second connecting port 7, the annular cavity 14 and the throttle hole of the one-way valve 5, thereby completing the buffering of the high-pressure fluid.

Claims

1. A diaphragm-type ultra-high pressure liquid buffer device, characterized in that: It comprises a housing (1), a partition (2) and a diaphragm (3) arranged in the housing (1), a valve (4) and a one-way valve (5) with a throttle hole; The housing (1) is provided with a first connection port (6) on one side and a second connection port (7) on the other side; The partition (2) is mounted on the inner wall of the shell (1) and is located on the same side as the second connection port (7). A plurality of through holes (10) are provided on the partition (2). A first fitting surface (11) is provided on the surface of the partition (2) close to the second connection port (7). A second fitting surface (12) having the same structure as the first fitting surface (11) is provided on the inner wall of the shell (1). The diaphragm (3) is adapted to both the first fitting surface (11) and the second fitting surface (12), and is provided between the first fitting surface (11) and the second fitting surface (12), thereby dividing the inner cavity of the shell (1) into a first cavity (8) connected to the first connection port (6) and a second cavity (9) connected to the second connection port (7). The output end of the one-way valve (5) is connected to the second connection port (7), and the input end is used to connect to the output end of the external first pump body, and the fluid is pre-filled into the second cavity (9) through the first pump body, so that the diaphragm (3) is attached to the first attachment surface (11); The valve (4) is installed on the first connecting port (6). The valve (4) is used to connect to the output end of the second pump body outside. After the pressure value of the output fluid of the second pump body reaches a preset pressure value, it opens to fill the first cavity (8) with fluid, and discharges the fluid pre-filled in the second cavity (9) through the throttle hole on the one-way valve (5) until the diaphragm (3) is attached to the second attachment surface (12).

2. The diaphragm-type ultra-high pressure liquid buffer device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second fitting surface (12) of the housing (1) is covered with a protective net (13), and the protective net (13) is provided with a plurality of through holes, and the second cavity (9) is connected to the second connecting port (7) through the through holes; The diameter of the through hole is smaller than the diameter of the second connecting port (7).

3. A diaphragm-type ultra-high pressure liquid buffer device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The partition plate (2) comprises a first sub-plate (21) and two second sub-plates (22) arranged opposite to each other at two ends of the first sub-plate (21); The plurality of through holes (10) are all formed on the first sub-plate (21), and the first fitting surface (11) is provided on a surface of the first sub-plate (21) close to the second connection port (7); The second sub-plate (22) is arranged on the inner wall of the housing (1).

4. The diaphragm-type ultra-high pressure liquid buffer device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The first sub-plate (21) is an arc-shaped plate that protrudes toward the first connecting port (6).

5. The diaphragm type ultra-high pressure liquid buffer device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The housing (1) comprises a first housing (101) and a second housing (102) snap-fitted to the first housing (101); The first connection port (6) is arranged on the first shell (101), the second connection port (7) and the second fitting surface (12) are both arranged on the second shell (102), and the second sub-board (22) is fitted on the inner wall of the second shell (102).

6. The diaphragm-type ultra-high pressure liquid buffer device according to claim 5, characterized in that: An annular cavity (14) is provided on the outer surface of the second shell (102), and the second connecting port (7) is connected to the one-way valve (5) through the annular cavity (14).

7. The diaphragm-type ultra-high pressure liquid buffer device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The valve (4) is a diaphragm valve.

8. A liquid rocket engine comprising a primary fuel pump (01) and a secondary fuel pump (02); characterized in that: A diaphragm-type ultra-high-pressure liquid buffer device according to any one of claims 1 to 7 is provided between the front pipe of the first-stage fuel pump (01) and the rear pipe of the second-stage fuel pump (02); The valve (4) is in communication with the rear pipeline of the secondary fuel pump (02), and the input end of the one-way valve (5) is in communication with the front pipeline of the primary fuel pump (01).

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