A solar dish concentrator system with double-wedge dynamic rotation dimming

Abstract

A dual-wedge dynamic rotation dimming solar concentrator system includes a concentrator for focusing sunlight, a cavity receiver for absorbing light energy, two wedge devices, B and A, coaxially connected at the light-transmitting end of the cavity receiver, a drive device for reciprocating sliding of the wedge device A along the axial direction of the cavity receiver, a temperature acquisition instrument for collecting temperature signals inside the cavity receiver, a cooling system for cooling the wedge devices B and A, and a controller for controlling the operation of each device. This invention utilizes two wedge devices with adjustable spacing and relative rotation at the front end of the cavity receiver to allow for arbitrary circumferential adjustment of the concentrator's focus on sunlight around the receiver axis, effectively solving the problem of localized high peak energy flow caused by tracking errors or load deformation. Through the relative dynamic rotation of the two wedge devices and the reciprocating motion of the wedge device A, dynamic uniformity of energy flow distribution in the heat-absorbing coil within the cavity receiver can be achieved, ensuring safe and efficient operation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of solar concentrating thermal power generation and new energy utilization, and in particular relates to a solar dish concentrating thermal collector system with dynamic rotation and dimming of dual light wedges. Background Technology

[0002] Solar energy is a clean, environmentally friendly, and widely distributed renewable energy source. The dish / Stirling solar thermal power generation system, consisting of a parabolic dish concentrator, a Stirling engine, and a generator set, is an important way to utilize solar energy resources. It concentrates sunlight onto a cavity receiver using a rotating parabolic concentrator composed of one or more sub-mirrors, heating the working fluid inside the receiver to drive the Stirling engine-generator set to generate electricity. It boasts advantages such as high solar energy to electricity conversion efficiency (the highest recorded is 31.25%), flexible layout, and high modularity. It can be used as a distributed system for independent power supply, particularly suitable for remote mountainous areas and border regions, with a typical power output of 10-50 kW. Hundreds or thousands of systems can also be integrated into large-scale solar thermal power plants, making it considered one of the most promising high-grade solar thermal power generation systems for applications.

[0003] The cavity receiver, connected to the four-cylinder piston of the Stirling engine and providing a heat source, is the core component for achieving light-to-heat conversion. During service, it withstands the complex effects of high-density, non-uniform heat flux, making its operational safety and reliability paramount. Due to structural deformation caused by external loads such as its own weight and wind loads during operation, and the accumulation of transmission errors during the operation of the dual-axis tracking device leading to solar tracking errors in the concentrator, these errors collectively alter the energy flux density distribution absorbed on the internal surface of the cavity receiver. Significant hot spots may form in some locations, and the uneven energy distribution around the cavity receiver generates uneven driving forces on the four-cylinder Stirling engine, easily leading to reduced heat-to-work conversion efficiency and unbalanced vibration problems during Stirling engine operation. Furthermore, the temperature in localized high-energy flux peak areas on the surface of the cavity receiver can be extremely high, potentially causing safety accidents such as burning through the metal tube walls within the receiver. On the other hand, Stirling engines and generator sets are very bulky and are typically bolted to the support truss of dish concentrator systems near their focal points. Real-time adjustment of their position during operation to avoid high-temperature hotspots and uneven circumferential energy distribution is particularly difficult and energy-intensive. Therefore, it is crucial to invent an energy distribution improvement device that can adapt to the optical errors affecting dish / Stirling solar power systems during operation, effectively enhancing their safety and efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this invention provides a dual-wedge dynamic rotation dimming solar dish concentrator system. By installing a dual-wedge device that can rotate relative to each other and has adjustable spacing at the front end of the cavity receiver, the trajectory of sunlight transmission can be adjusted, thereby improving the focused energy distribution within the cavity receiver and ensuring its safe and efficient operation. It has significant advantages such as simple structure, excellent improvement effect, and low power consumption.

[0005] The technical solution adopted in this invention is: a dual-wedge dynamic rotation dimming solar dish concentrator system, comprising a parabolic dish concentrator for concentrating solar energy, an axisymmetric cavity receiver that absorbs and concentrates solar energy and realizes light-to-heat conversion and transmits sunlight at its left end, a wedge device B coaxially located at the light-transmitting end of the cavity receiver, a wedge device A coaxially located to the left of the wedge device B, a drive device for enabling the wedge device A to slide back and forth along the axial direction of the cavity receiver, a temperature acquisition instrument for collecting output signals from several thermocouples inside the cavity receiver, a cooling system for cooling the wedge device B and the wedge device A, a frame for fixing the wedge device B and the cavity receiver and supporting the sliding of the wedge device A, and a controller for receiving and processing the temperature acquisition instrument signals and controlling the operation of the cooling system, the drive device, the wedge device B, and the wedge device A.

[0006] The optical wedge device B includes a fixed base with a cylindrical stepped hole fixedly connected to the frame, a bearing B whose outer ring is coaxially fixed in the cylindrical hole of the fixed base and positioned with a stepped left end, a rotating cylinder B with a stepped cylindrical through hole that is coaxially fitted and positioned with the inner ring of the bearing B, an optical wedge B coaxially installed in the cylindrical hole of the rotating cylinder B and whose end face is in close contact with the stepped surface of the rotating cylinder B, a hollow clamping ring B that is coaxially fixed to the left end face of the rotating cylinder B by bolts and has a boss on its right side that is in close contact with the left end face of the optical wedge B, a large bevel gear B coaxially fixed to the outer circumference of the rotating cylinder B, and a small bevel gear B that is fixed to the output shaft of the motor B and drives the large bevel gear B to rotate; the housing of the motor B is fixedly connected to the fixed base.

[0007] The optical wedge device A includes a sliding seat with a cylindrical stepped hole, a bearing A whose outer ring is coaxially fixed in the cylindrical hole of the sliding seat and positioned on the left end face, a rotating cylinder A with a stepped cylindrical through hole that is coaxially fitted and positioned with the inner ring of the bearing A, an optical wedge A coaxially installed in the cylindrical hole of the rotating cylinder A and whose right end face is in close contact with the stepped surface of the rotating cylinder A, a hollow clamping ring A that is coaxially fixed to the left end face of the rotating cylinder A by bolts and has a boss on its right side that is in close contact with the left end face of the optical wedge A, a large bevel gear A that is coaxially fixed to the outer circumference of the rotating cylinder A, and a device fixed to the output shaft of the motor A. The motor A includes a small bevel gear A that drives the large bevel gear A to rotate, a secondary focusing device that is coaxially fixed with the clamping ring A and used to refocus sunlight onto the light wedge A; the lower outer circumference of the sliding seat is provided with three guide bosses with guide cylindrical holes, the axis of the cylindrical hole of each guide boss is parallel to the axis of the cylindrical stepped hole of the sliding seat, the frame is provided with three guide rods that slide and engage with the three guide cylindrical holes of the sliding seat respectively, and the bottom of the middle guide boss is provided with a hinge lug with a cylindrical hole perpendicular to the direction of the guide rod; the housing of the motor A is fixedly connected to the sliding seat.

[0008] The drive device includes a connecting rod with one end hinged to the cylindrical hole of the hinge lug at the bottom of the sliding seat, a crank hinged to the other end of the connecting rod, and a motor II that drives the crank to rotate and is fixed on the frame, thereby forming a crank-slider mechanism to enable the optical wedge device A to slide back and forth on the three guide rods of the frame.

[0009] In the aforementioned dual-wedge dynamic rotation dimming solar dish concentrator system, the cavity receiver includes an axisymmetric insulated cavity with a full opening only at the left end, a heat-absorbing coil that absorbs solar energy and has a heat exchange medium circulating inside, coiled coaxially along the inner wall of the insulated cavity, several thermocouples that are uniformly and tightly attached to the surface of the heat-absorbing coil along the axial and circumferential directions of the insulated cavity, and a high-transmittance quartz plate that fixes and seals the full opening at the left end of the insulated cavity; the right end face of the fixing seat in the light wedge device B is tightly attached to the quartz plate of the cavity receiver.

[0010] In the aforementioned dual-wedge dynamic rotation dimming solar dish concentrator system, both the light wedge B and the light wedge A are lenses made of high-transmittance materials and have an inclined angle between their front and rear end faces. Both surfaces are coated with a high-temperature resistant film system that enhances sunlight transmission and reduces reflection.

[0011] In the aforementioned dual-wedge dynamic rotation dimming solar dish concentrator system, the front ends of both the light wedges B and A are perpendicular to the axis of the rotating cylinder B, and their front ends face the concentrator.

[0012] In the aforementioned dual-wedge dynamic rotation dimming solar dish concentrator system, the heat-insulating cavity is a cylindrical, conical, or hemispherical structure, and the geometry formed by the coiled heat-absorbing coil is consistent with that of the heat-insulating cavity; the surface of the heat-absorbing coil is coated with a high-temperature resistant coating that highly absorbs sunlight.

[0013] In the aforementioned dual-wedge dynamic rotation dimming solar dish concentrator system, the inner reflective surface of the secondary concentrator is a conical surface or a composite parabolic CPC surface that focuses light energy.

[0014] In the aforementioned dual-wedge dynamic rotation dimming solar dish concentrator system, the cooling system uses air as the cooling medium and sprays cold air onto the surfaces of bearings A, bearing B, wedge A, and wedge B in wedge device A and wedge device B through several conduits to achieve cooling of these key components.

[0015] In the aforementioned dual-wedge dynamic rotation dimming solar dish concentrator system, both motor B and motor B are equipped with high-precision encoders that measure their rotation angles and feed back the motor rotation angles to the controller in real time.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: The present invention, by installing a dual optical wedge device that can rotate relative to each other and has an adjustable spacing at the front end of the cavity receiver, realizes the readjustment of the transmission trajectory of the concentrated sunlight, thereby improving the focusing energy flow distribution within the cavity receiver and ensuring its safe and efficient operation. It has significant advantages such as simple structure, excellent improvement effect and low power consumption. Both optical wedge device A and optical wedge device B have independent motors that drive the rotation of their optical wedges. By controlling the relative rotation angle of the two, the sunlight can be adjusted in any direction around the receiver axis, effectively solving the problem of local peak values ​​in the energy flow distribution within the cavity receiver caused by tracking errors or load deformation. Through the relative dynamic rotation of the two optical wedge devices and the back-and-forth operation of optical wedge device A, the dynamic uniformity of the energy flow distribution on the surface of the heat-absorbing coil in the cavity receiver can be achieved, which can effectively improve the tolerance of the dish concentrator system to optical errors during service and ensure its safe and efficient operation. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the dual-wedge dynamic rotation dimming device and cavity receiver in this invention.

[0018] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of optical wedge device A and optical wedge device B.

[0019] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the sliding seat in the optical wedge device A of the present invention.

[0020] In the diagram: 1-Optical wedge device A; 101-Secondary focusing device; 102-Pressure ring A; 103-Large bevel gear A; 104-Small bevel gear A; 105-Motor A; 106-Optical wedge A; 107-Rotating cylinder A; 108-Bearing A; 109-Sliding seat; 1091-Guide boss; 1092-Hinge; 2-Frame; 201-Guide rod; 3-Optical wedge device B; 301-Motor B; 302-Small bevel gear B; 303-Large bevel gear B; 304-Fixed seat; 305-Bearing B; 306-Rotating cylinder B; 307-Optical wedge B; 308-Pressure ring B; 4-Cavity receiver; 401-Quartz plate; 402-Heat absorption coil; 403-Thermocouple; 404-Insulated cavity; 5-Temperature acquisition instrument; 6-Controller; 7-Cooling system; 8-Drive device; 801-Connecting rod; 802-Crank; 803-Motor II. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The invention will now be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0022] like Figures 1-3 As shown, a dual-wedge dynamic rotation dimming solar dish concentrator system includes a parabolic dish concentrator for concentrating solar energy, an axisymmetric cavity receiver 4 that absorbs and concentrates solar energy and realizes light-to-heat conversion and transmits sunlight at its left end, a light wedge device B3 coaxially located at the light-transmitting end of the cavity receiver 4, a light wedge device A1 coaxially located to the left of the light wedge device B3, a drive device 8 for sliding the light wedge device A1 back and forth along the axial direction of the cavity receiver 4, a cooling system 7 for cooling the light wedge device B3 and the light wedge device A1, a frame 2 for fixing the light wedge device B3 and the cavity receiver 4 and supporting the sliding of the light wedge device A1, a temperature acquisition instrument 5 for collecting the output signals of several thermocouples 403 in the cavity receiver 4, and a controller for receiving and processing the signals of the temperature acquisition instrument 5 and controlling the operation of the cooling system 7, the drive device 8, and the light wedge device B3 and the light wedge device A1.

[0023] The optical wedge device B3 includes a fixed base 304 with a cylindrical stepped hole fixedly connected to the frame 2; a bearing B305 whose outer ring is coaxially fixed in the cylindrical hole of the fixed base 304 and positioned with a stepped left end; a rotating cylinder B306 with a stepped cylindrical through hole and coaxially engaged with and positioned with the inner ring of the bearing B305; an optical wedge B307 coaxially installed in the cylindrical hole of the rotating cylinder B306 and whose end face is in close contact with the stepped surface of the rotating cylinder B306; a hollow clamping ring B308 coaxially fixed to the left end face of the rotating cylinder B306 by bolts and whose right side has a boss that is in close contact with the left end face of the optical wedge B307; a large bevel gear B303 coaxially fixed to the outer circumference of the rotating cylinder B306; and a small bevel gear B302 fixed to the output shaft of the motor B301 and driving the large bevel gear B303 to rotate; the motor B302... The housing of 301 is fixedly connected to the fixed base 304, and the output shaft of the motor B 301 is perpendicular to the axis of the rotating cylinder B306;

[0024] The light wedge device A1 includes a sliding seat 109 with a cylindrical stepped hole, a bearing A108 whose outer ring is coaxially fixed in the cylindrical hole of the sliding seat 109 and positioned on the left end face, a rotating cylinder A107 with a stepped cylindrical through hole and coaxially engaged with and positioned in the inner ring of the bearing A108, a light wedge A106 coaxially installed in the cylindrical hole of the rotating cylinder A107 and whose right end face is in close contact with the stepped surface of the rotating cylinder A107, a hollow clamping ring A102 coaxially fixed to the left end face of the rotating cylinder A107 by bolts and with a boss on its right side in close contact with the left end face of the light wedge A107, a large bevel gear A103 coaxially fixed to the outer circumference of the rotating cylinder A107, a small bevel gear A104 fixed to the output shaft of the motor A105 and driving the large bevel gear A103 to rotate, and a light wedge A106 coaxially fixed to the clamping ring A102 and used to refocus sunlight onto the light wedge A106. The secondary focusing device 101 on 106; the lower outer circumferential surface of the sliding seat 109 is provided with three guide bosses 1091 with guide cylindrical holes, the axis of the cylindrical hole of each guide boss 1091 is parallel to the axis of the cylindrical stepped hole of the sliding seat 109, the frame 2 is provided with three guide rods 201 respectively slidingly engaged with the three guide cylindrical holes of the sliding seat 109, and the bottom of the middle guide boss is provided with a hinge lug with a cylindrical hole perpendicular to the direction of the guide rod; the housing of the motor A 105 is fixedly connected to the sliding seat 109; the output shaft of the motor A 105 is perpendicular to the axis of the sliding seat 109.

[0025] The drive device 8 includes a connecting rod 801 with one end hinged to the cylindrical hole of the hinge lug at the bottom of the sliding seat 109, a crank 802 with the other end hinged to the connecting rod 801, and a motor II 803 that drives the crank 802 to rotate and is fixed on the frame 2, thereby forming a crank-slider mechanism to enable the optical wedge device A1 to slide back and forth on the three guide rods 201 of the frame 2.

[0026] like Figure 1 As shown, the cooling system 7 uses air as the cooling medium and sprays cold air onto the surfaces of bearings A108, bearing B305, optical wedge A106 and optical wedge B307 in optical wedge device A1 and optical wedge device B3 through several ducts to achieve cooling of these key components.

[0027] Both optical wedges B 307 and A 106 are lenses made of high-transmittance materials and have inclined angles at their front and rear ends. Both surfaces are coated with a high-temperature resistant film that enhances sunlight transmission and reduces reflection. Preferably, the front end faces of both optical wedges B 307 and A 106 are perpendicular to the axis of the rotating cylinder B 306, and their front end faces the concentrator.

[0028] like Figure 1 As shown, the cavity receiver 4 includes an axisymmetric insulated cavity 404 with a full opening only at the left end, a heat-absorbing coil 402 coaxially wound along the inner wall of the insulated cavity 404 to absorb solar energy and with a heat exchange medium inside, several thermocouples uniformly and tightly attached to the surface of the heat-absorbing coil 402 along the axial and circumferential directions of the insulated cavity 404, and a high-transmittance quartz plate 401 that fixes and seals the full opening at the left end of the insulated cavity 404; the right end face of the fixing seat 304 in the optical wedge device B3 is tightly attached to the quartz plate 401 of the cavity receiver 4.

[0029] Preferably, the heat-insulating cavity 404 is a cylindrical, conical, or hemispherical structure, and the geometric shape formed by the heat-absorbing coil 402 after coiling is consistent with that of the heat-insulating cavity 404; the surface of the heat-absorbing coil 402 is coated with a high-temperature resistant coating that highly absorbs sunlight.

[0030] Preferably, the inner reflective surface of the secondary focusing device 101 is a conical surface or a composite parabolic CPC surface that focuses light energy, and one end of the large opening faces the focusing device.

[0031] Preferably, both motor B and motor B are equipped with high-precision encoders that measure their rotation angles and feed back the motor rotation angles to the controller in real time.

[0032] This invention utilizes a dual-wedge device (including wedge device A1 and wedge device B3) that can rotate relative to each other and has an adjustable spacing, installed at the front end of the cavity receiver 4. This allows for readjustment of the sunlight transmission trajectory focused by the concentrator, thereby improving the focused energy flow distribution within the cavity receiver 4 and ensuring its safe and efficient operation. It boasts significant advantages such as simple structure, excellent improvement effect, and low power consumption. Both wedge devices A1 and B3 are equipped with independent motors that drive their rotation. By controlling the relative rotation angle of the two devices, the orientation of the sunlight around the receiver axis can be adjusted in any direction, effectively solving the problem of localized peak values ​​in the energy flow distribution within the cavity receiver caused by tracking errors or load deformation. Through the relative dynamic rotation of the two wedge devices and the back-and-forth movement of wedge device A, the dynamic uniformity of the energy flow distribution on the surface of the heat-absorbing coil in the cavity receiver can be achieved, effectively improving the tolerance of the dish concentrator system to optical errors during service and ensuring its safe and efficient operation.

Claims

1. A solar dish concentrator system with dynamic rotating dimming via dual-wedge beams, characterized in that: It includes a parabolic disc concentrator for concentrating solar energy, an axisymmetric cavity receiver that absorbs and concentrates solar energy and realizes light-to-heat conversion and transmits sunlight at its left end, a light wedge device B coaxially located at the light-transmitting end of the cavity receiver, a light wedge device A coaxially located to the left of the light wedge device B, a drive device for enabling the light wedge device A to slide back and forth along the axis of the cavity receiver, a temperature acquisition instrument for collecting output signals from several thermocouples inside the cavity receiver, a cooling system for cooling the light wedge device B and the light wedge device A, a frame for fixing the light wedge device B and the cavity receiver and supporting the sliding of the light wedge device A, and a controller for receiving and processing the temperature acquisition instrument signals and controlling the operation of the cooling system, the drive device, the light wedge device B, and the light wedge device A. The optical wedge device B includes a fixed base with a cylindrical stepped hole fixedly connected to the frame, a bearing B whose outer ring is coaxially fixed in the cylindrical hole of the fixed base and positioned with a stepped left end, a rotating cylinder B with a stepped cylindrical through hole that is coaxially fitted and positioned with the inner ring of the bearing B, an optical wedge B coaxially installed in the cylindrical hole of the rotating cylinder B and whose end face is in close contact with the stepped surface of the rotating cylinder B, a hollow clamping ring B that is coaxially fixed to the left end face of the rotating cylinder B by bolts and has a boss on its right side that is in close contact with the left end face of the optical wedge B, a large bevel gear B coaxially fixed to the outer circumference of the rotating cylinder B, and a small bevel gear B that is fixed to the output shaft of the motor B and drives the large bevel gear B to rotate; the housing of the motor B is fixedly connected to the fixed base. The optical wedge device A includes a sliding seat with a cylindrical stepped hole, a bearing A whose outer ring is coaxially fixed in the cylindrical hole of the sliding seat and positioned on the left end face, a rotating cylinder A with a stepped cylindrical through hole that is coaxially fitted and positioned with the inner ring of the bearing A, an optical wedge A coaxially installed in the cylindrical hole of the rotating cylinder A and whose right end face is in close contact with the stepped surface of the rotating cylinder A, a hollow clamping ring A that is coaxially fixed to the left end face of the rotating cylinder A by bolts and has a boss on its right side that is in close contact with the left end face of the optical wedge A, a large bevel gear A that is coaxially fixed to the outer circumference of the rotating cylinder A, and a device fixed to the output shaft of the motor A. The motor A includes a small bevel gear A that drives the large bevel gear A to rotate, a secondary focusing device that is coaxially fixed with the clamping ring A and used to refocus sunlight onto the light wedge A; the lower outer circumference of the sliding seat is provided with three guide bosses with guide cylindrical holes, the axis of the cylindrical hole of each guide boss is parallel to the axis of the cylindrical stepped hole of the sliding seat, the frame is provided with three guide rods that slide and engage with the three guide cylindrical holes of the sliding seat respectively, and the bottom of the middle guide boss is provided with a hinge lug with a cylindrical hole perpendicular to the direction of the guide rod; the housing of the motor A is fixedly connected to the sliding seat. The drive device includes a connecting rod with one end hinged to the cylindrical hole of the hinge lug at the bottom of the sliding seat, a crank hinged to the other end of the connecting rod, and a motor II that drives the crank to rotate and is fixed on the frame, thereby forming a crank-slider mechanism to enable the optical wedge device A to slide back and forth on the three guide rods of the frame.

2. The solar dish concentrator system with dynamic rotating dimming of dual light wedges according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cavity receiver includes an axisymmetric insulated cavity that is fully open only at the left end, a heat-absorbing coil that absorbs solar energy and has a heat exchange medium circulating inside, which is coaxially coiled along the inner wall of the insulated cavity, several thermocouples that are uniformly attached to the surface of the heat-absorbing coil along the axial and circumferential directions of the insulated cavity, and a high-transmittance quartz plate that fixes and seals the fully open left end of the insulated cavity; the right end face of the fixing seat in the optical wedge device B is attached to the quartz plate of the cavity receiver.

3. The solar dish concentrator system with dynamic rotating dimming of dual light wedges according to claim 1, characterized in that: Both optical wedges B and A are lenses made of high-transmittance materials and have tilted angles at their front and rear ends. Both surfaces are coated with a high-temperature resistant film that increases sunlight transmittance and reduces reflection.

4. The solar dish concentrator system with dynamic rotating dimming of dual light wedges according to claim 1 or claim 3, characterized in that: The front end faces of both optical wedges B and A are perpendicular to the axis of the rotating cylinder B, and their front end faces are both facing the concentrator.

5. The solar dish concentrator system with dynamic rotating dimming of dual light wedges according to claim 2, characterized in that: The heat-insulating cavity is a cylindrical, conical, or hemispherical structure, and the geometry formed by the coiled heat-absorbing coil is consistent with that of the heat-insulating cavity; the surface of the heat-absorbing coil is coated with a high-temperature resistant coating that highly absorbs sunlight.

6. The solar dish concentrator system with dynamic rotating dimming of dual light wedges according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner reflective surface of the secondary focusing device is a conical surface or a composite parabolic CPC surface that focuses light energy.

7. The solar dish concentrator system with dynamic rotating dimming of dual light wedges according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cooling system uses air as the cooling medium and sprays cold air onto the surfaces of bearings A, bearing B, optical wedge A, and optical wedge B in optical wedge device A and optical wedge device B through several ducts to achieve cooling of these key components.

8. The solar dish concentrator system with dynamic rotating dimming of dual light wedges according to claim 1, characterized in that: Both motor B and motor B are equipped with high-precision encoders that measure their rotation angles and feed back the motor rotation angles to the controller in real time.

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