Bridge deflection, relative displacement and relative rotation measurement sensor and method based on symmetric optical imaging

Abstract

The application discloses a bridge deflection, relative displacement and relative angle measuring sensor and method based on symmetric optical imaging. The bridge deflection measuring sensor based on symmetric optical imaging comprises symmetric optical imaging components and symmetric directional light sources, the left optical imaging component of the symmetric optical imaging components images the object on the left side, and the right optical imaging component images the object on the right side; the left directional light source of the symmetric directional light sources emits a directional light beam to the left, and the right directional light source emits a directional light beam to the right. The bridge relative displacement and relative angle measuring sensor based on symmetric optical imaging comprises first and second sensors arranged at measuring stations A and B, the right optical imaging component of the first sensor images the left directional light source of the second sensor, the left optical imaging component of the second sensor images the right directional light source of the first sensor, and the relative displacement and relative angle of the measuring stations A and B are measured.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of bridge engineering detection and monitoring, and relates to a bridge deflection, relative displacement and relative angle measurement sensor and method based on symmetric optical imaging. BACKGROUND

[0002] Bridge deflection is an important index of bridge structure, and needs to be measured in bridge operation maintenance detection (monitoring). Bridge deflection measurement needs to use a bridge deflection measurement sensor with high precision and good applicability. At present, there are many types of sensors used for bridge static and dynamic deflection measurement, but there are still many deficiencies in actual application, which cannot well meet and adapt to the measurement needs of bridge deflection. For example, an accelerometer sensor can only be used for bridge dynamic deflection measurement and cannot meet the needs of bridge static deflection measurement; a sensor based on a liquid communication pipe can only measure vertical deflection and cannot measure two-dimensional vertical deflection and horizontal displacement; the detection accuracy of a GPS sensor is only in centimeter level and the sensor measurement accuracy is low; inertial sensors such as accelerometer sensors, inclination sensors and gyroscope sensors have large detection error and low precision; the sensors of a laser deflection instrument and a photoelectric deflection instrument need a stable installation platform when used; the sensors of a laser scanner and a microwave interferometer can only be used on the shore under the bridge; various displacement meter sensors need to set up a stable support under the bridge, and the on-site use is greatly limited.

[0003] How to directly and conveniently realize high-precision and real-time measurement of bridge static and dynamic deflection values on the bridge has been a technical problem urgently to be solved in domestic and foreign bridge test detection and monitoring engineering. SUMMARY

[0004] The purpose of the embodiment of the present application is to provide a bridge deflection measurement sensor based on symmetric optical imaging, so as to solve the problems that the existing bridge deflection measurement sensors cannot simultaneously realize multifunctional and high-precision measurement and cannot be conveniently installed.

[0005] Another purpose of the embodiment of the present application is to provide a bridge relative displacement and relative angle measurement sensor and method based on symmetric optical imaging, so as to solve the problem that the existing bridge deflection measurement sensors based on optical imaging sensors cannot measure the relative displacement and relative angle between two measurement stations.

[0006] The first technical solution adopted by the embodiment of the present application is: a bridge deflection measurement sensor based on symmetric optical imaging, comprising:

[0007] A left optical imaging assembly, which images the object on the left side along the optical imaging direction thereof;

[0008] A right optical imaging assembly, which images the object on the right side along the optical imaging direction thereof;

[0009] a left directional light emitting light source, the left directional light emitting light source emits a directional light beam to the left;

[0010] a right directional light emitting light source, the right directional light emitting light source emits a directional light beam to the right.

[0011] Further, the left optical imaging assembly, the right optical imaging assembly, the left directional light emitting light source and the right directional light emitting light source are mounted on the first mounting seat;

[0012] The first mounting seat comprises a multifunctional base and a tripod support frame, and the multifunctional base comprises:

[0013] an upper connecting plate, the left optical imaging assembly, the right optical imaging assembly, the left directional light emitting light source and the right directional light emitting light source are mounted on the upper connecting plate;

[0014] a horizontal rotation adjusting structure, the horizontal rotation adjusting structure is rotationally connected by a rotating part and a fixed part, and the rotating part of the horizontal rotation adjusting structure is fixedly connected with the bottom of the upper connecting plate;

[0015] a height adjusting structure, the top of the height adjusting structure is fixedly connected with the fixed part of the horizontal rotation adjusting structure;

[0016] a lower connecting plate, the lower connecting plate is connected with the bottom of the height adjusting structure, and the lower connecting plate is mounted on the tripod support frame.

[0017] Further, a distance measuring sensor-inclination sensor-height measuring sensor module is mounted on the upper connecting plate;

[0018] A data acquisition processor is mounted on the lower connecting plate.

[0019] The output ends of the left optical imaging assembly, the right optical imaging assembly, the distance measuring sensor-inclination sensor-height measuring sensor module on the first mounting seat are electrically connected with different input ends of the data acquisition processor.

[0020] Further, the left optical imaging assembly and the right optical imaging assembly are mounted on the multifunctional base through a pitch angle adjusting device;

[0021] An inclination sensor is mounted on the left optical imaging assembly and the right optical imaging assembly.

[0022] Further, the left directional light emitting light source and the right directional light emitting light source are mounted on the multifunctional base through a pitch angle adjusting device.

[0023] The second technical scheme adopted in the embodiment of the application is a bridge relative displacement and relative rotation angle measurement sensor based on symmetric optical imaging, comprising:

[0024] The first sensor is arranged at a measuring station A;

[0025] The second sensor is arranged at a measuring station B, which is located at the right side of the measuring station A;

[0026] The first sensor comprises a right optical imaging assembly and a right directional light emitting light source;

[0027] The second sensor comprises a left optical imaging assembly and a left directional light emitting light source;

[0028] The right optical imaging assembly of the first sensor corresponds to the left directional light emitting light source of the second sensor, and the right optical imaging assembly images the left directional light emitting light source;

[0029] The left optical imaging assembly of the second sensor corresponds to the right directional light emitting light source of the first sensor, and the left optical imaging assembly images the right directional light emitting light source.

[0030] Further, the first sensor is installed on a second mounting seat, and the second sensor is installed on a third mounting seat, and the second mounting seat and the third mounting seat are consistent with the first mounting seat structure of the bridge deflection measurement sensor based on symmetric optical imaging as described above;

[0031] The output ends of the right optical imaging assembly, the distance sensor-inclination sensor-altitude sensor module on the second mounting seat are electrically connected with different input ends of the data acquisition processor thereof;

[0032] The output ends of the left optical imaging assembly, the distance sensor-inclination sensor-altitude sensor module on the third mounting seat are electrically connected with different input ends of the data acquisition processor thereof.

[0033] Further, the first sensor and the second sensor adopt the bridge relative displacement and relative rotation measurement sensor based on symmetric optical imaging as described above.

[0034] The third technical solution adopted by the embodiment of the present application is a bridge relative displacement and relative rotation measurement method based on symmetric optical imaging. The bridge relative displacement and relative rotation measurement sensor based on symmetric optical imaging as described above is used to measure the relative displacement and relative rotation between the measuring station A and the measuring station B. The measuring station A is taken as a reference base point, and on this basis, the relative displacement and relative rotation of the measuring station B relative to the measuring station A are measured. The specific process is as follows:

[0035] A0, A1, A2, A3 correspond to the initial time, after the relative movement of the measuring station B relative to the measuring station A, after the measuring station B rotates by an angle β relative to the measuring station A, after the relative movement and rotation of the measuring station B relative to the measuring station A, the image point of the left directional light source of the second sensor of the measuring station B after imaging through the right optical imaging assembly of the first sensor of the measuring station A; B0, B1 correspond to the initial time, after the relative movement of the measuring station A relative to the measuring station B, the image point of the right directional light source of the first sensor of the measuring station A after imaging through the left optical imaging assembly of the second sensor of the measuring station B;

[0036] Δ A-B is the relative displacement of the measuring station B measured at the measuring station A: when the measuring station B only moves relative to the measuring station A, Δ A-B =A0A1; Δ B-A is the relative displacement of the measuring station A measured at the measuring station B: when the measuring station A only moves relative to the measuring station B, Δ B-A =B0B1; Δ β（A-B） is the relative displacement of the measuring station B measured at the measuring station A when the measuring station B only rotates by an angle β relative to the measuring station A, Δ β（A-B） =A0A2; Δ β（AB） is the relative displacement of the measuring station B measured at the measuring station A when the measuring station B moves relative to the measuring station A and rotates by an angle β, Δ β（AB） =A0A3; the relative movement Δ A-B of the measuring station B is obtained through the right optical imaging assembly of the first sensor of the measuring station A B-A , and the relative movement Δ A-B of the measuring station A is obtained through the left optical imaging assembly of the second sensor of the measuring station B B-A , and the relative rotation angle measurement between the measuring station B and the measuring station A is realized according to the relative displacement Δ A-B and Δ B-A .

[0037] Further, the relative rotation angle measurement between the measuring station B and the measuring station A is realized according to the following process:

[0038] (1) When Δ A-B = Δ B-A , the displacement of the measuring station A and the measuring station B is equal, and β = 0;

[0039] (2) When Δ A-B = Δ β（A-B） , Δ B-A = 0, the measuring station B only rotates by an angle β relative to the measuring station A, and β = tan -1

[0040] (Δ β（A-B） / S), S is the distance between the measuring station A and the measuring station B;

[0041] (3) when Δ A-B = Δ β（AB） ≠ Δ B-A , Δ B-A ≠ 0, then the measuring station point B is not only relatively moved Δ A-B relative to the measuring station point A, but also relatively rotated by an angle β, β = tg -1 ( Δ β（AB） - Δ A-B ) / S, Δ A-B = Δ B-A .

[0042] The beneficial effects of the embodiments of the present application are:

[0043] (1) multiple measurement functions: the bridge deflection measurement sensor based on symmetric optical imaging is arranged at the bridge deflection measuring station points, which has a directional light source capable of emitting directional light beams in two directions and an optical imaging assembly capable of imaging the directional light source corresponding to the two directional light beams; thus, the relative displacement (bridge deflection) and relative rotation angle between two measuring station points can be measured, which can be used for static and dynamic deflection measurement of small and medium span bridges, and is also applicable to static and dynamic deflection measurement of large span bridges;

[0044] (2) high measurement accuracy: the bridge deflection measurement sensor based on symmetric optical imaging can be directly arranged on the adjacent two measuring station points, the influence of atmospheric turbulence can be effectively reduced by reducing the horizontal distance between the measuring station points, and the bridge deflection measurement accuracy can be improved to meet the requirements of different bridge deflection measurement accuracies; meanwhile, the combination of high-resolution photoelectric chips and high-resolution lenses can be used for high-resolution and high-speed sampling, which can be used for high-precision measurement of bridge static and dynamic deflection, and the measurement accuracy can reach more than 0.01 mm;

[0045] (3) simple operation: the bridge deflection measurement sensor based on symmetric optical imaging of the embodiments of the present application integrates symmetric optical imaging assemblies, symmetric directional light sources, inclination sensors, height measurement sensors, distance measurement sensors, data acquisition processors, multi-functional bases with azimuth adjustment, and precise structures, etc. into one, when measuring the static and dynamic deflection of the bridge, the bridge deflection measurement sensor based on symmetric optical imaging can be directly installed and arranged on the bridge deck, without the need to be installed on a stable platform outside the bridge, when measuring the bridge deflection, only simple arrangement on the bridge deck is needed, and the relative displacement and relative rotation angle between adjacent measuring station points can be measured;

[0046] (4) Good universality and interchangeability: the bridge deflection measurement sensor based on symmetric optical imaging of the embodiment of the application has good universality and interchangeability, and can be used for bridge deflection measurement, and a universal bridge deflection measurement sensor based on symmetric optical imaging can be arranged on a bridge deck, which can be applied to static and dynamic deflection detection of a bridge, long-term monitoring of bridge deflection, and deformation detection and monitoring of other infrastructures, such as dam displacement and building structure deformation.

[0047] In summary, the bridge deflection measurement sensor based on symmetric optical imaging of the embodiment of the application realizes multifunction, high-precision measurement and convenient installation, solves the problem that the existing bridge deflection measurement sensor cannot realize multifunction, high-precision measurement and convenient measurement at the same time, the bridge relative displacement and relative angle measurement sensor and method based on symmetric optical imaging of the embodiment of the application can measure the relative displacement and relative angle between two measurement sites, has high application prospect, and solves the problem that the existing bridge deflection measurement sensor based on optical imaging cannot measure the relative displacement and relative angle between two measurement sites. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0048] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the application or the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments or the prior art description will be briefly introduced. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort on the basis of these drawings.

[0049] Figure 1 is a top view structural schematic diagram of the bridge deflection measurement sensor based on symmetric optical imaging of embodiment 1.

[0050] Figure 2 is a front view structural schematic diagram of the bridge deflection measurement sensor based on symmetric optical imaging of embodiment 1.

[0051] Figure 3 is a structural schematic diagram of a multifunction base.

[0052] Figure 4 is a structural schematic diagram of a tripod support frame.

[0053] Figure 5 is a structural layout schematic diagram of the bridge deflection measurement sensor based on symmetric optical imaging of embodiment 2.

[0054] Figure 6 is a first measurement state diagram of the bridge deflection measurement sensor based on symmetric optical imaging of embodiment 2.

[0055] Figure 7is a second measurement state diagram of the bridge deflection measurement sensor based on symmetric optical imaging of Example 2.

[0056] Figure 8 is a third measurement state diagram of the bridge deflection measurement sensor based on symmetric optical imaging of Example 2.

[0057] In the figure, 1. left optical imaging assembly, 2. right optical imaging assembly, 3. left directional light source, 4. right directional light source, 5. optical imaging direction, 6. multifunctional base, 6-1. upper connecting plate, 6-2. distance sensor-inclination sensor-altitude sensor module, 6-3. height adjustment structure, 6-4. horizontal rotation adjustment structure, 6-5. data acquisition processor, 6-6. lower connecting plate, 7. tripod support, 7-1. tripod fixed seat, 7-2. leg connecting seat, 7-3. leg, 7-4. leg base, 8. first sensor, 9. second sensor, 10. bridge deck. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0058] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, not all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative labor are within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0059] Example 1

[0060] The present embodiment provides a bridge deflection measurement sensor based on symmetric optical imaging, as shown in Figure 1 comprises:

[0061] The left optical imaging assembly 1 images the object on the left along its optical imaging direction 5;

[0062] The right optical imaging assembly 2 images the object on the right along its optical imaging direction 5;

[0063] The left directional light source 3 emits a directional light beam to the left;

[0064] The right directional light source 4 emits a directional light beam to the right.

[0065] In some embodiments, as shown in Figures 2-3 The left optical imaging assembly 1, the right optical imaging assembly 2, the left directional light source 3 and the right directional light source 4 are all mounted on the first mounting seat, and the first mounting seat comprises a multifunctional base 6 and a tripod support 7, and the multifunctional base 6 comprises:

[0066] The upper connecting plate 6-1, the left optical imaging assembly 1, the right optical imaging assembly 2, the left directional light source 3 and the right directional light source 4 are all mounted on the upper connecting plate 6-1;

[0067] The horizontal rotation adjusting structure 6-4 is rotationally connected by a rotating part and a fixed part, the rotating part of the horizontal rotation adjusting structure 6-4 is fixedly connected with the bottom of the upper connecting plate 6-1, and the rotating part of the horizontal rotation adjusting structure 6-4 is rotated to adjust the horizontal orientation of the left optical imaging assembly 1, the right optical imaging assembly 2, the left directional light source 3 and the right directional light source 4 on the upper connecting plate 6-1;

[0068] The height adjusting structure 6-3 is fixedly connected with the top of the fixed part of the horizontal rotation adjusting structure 6-4, and the height of the left optical imaging assembly 1, the right optical imaging assembly 2, the left directional light source 3 and the right directional light source 4 on the upper connecting plate 6-1 is adjusted through the height adjusting structure 6-3;

[0069] The lower connecting plate 6-6 is connected with the bottom of the height adjusting structure 6-3, and the lower connecting plate 6-6 is mounted on the tripod support 7;

[0070] Among them:

[0071] The ranging sensor-inclination sensor-height sensor module 6-2 is mounted on the upper connecting plate 6-1, the height sensor is used to measure the initial height of the left optical imaging assembly 1, the right optical imaging assembly 2, the left directional light source 3 and the right directional light source 4 from the bridge deck, so as to eliminate the measurement error caused by the inconsistent installation height of the bridge deflection measurement sensors based on symmetric optical imaging of the adjacent two measurement stations when the initial bridge line type is determined during the bridge deflection measurement, the inclination sensor is used to measure the inclination angle of the left optical imaging assembly 1 and the right optical imaging assembly 2 with the horizontal plane, and the measurement error caused by the inclination of the left optical imaging assembly 1 and the right optical imaging assembly 2 is corrected, and the ranging sensor is used to measure the horizontal distance between the current measurement station and the adjacent measurement station;

[0072] The data acquisition processor 6-5 is mounted on the lower connecting plate 6-6, the output ends of the left optical imaging assembly 1, the right optical imaging assembly 2, the ranging sensor-inclination sensor-height sensor module 6-2 on the first mounting seat are electrically connected with different input ends of the data acquisition processor 6-5, and each data acquisition processor 6-5 calculates the displacement and rotation angle of the current measurement station relative to the adjacent measurement station according to the measurement data of the left optical imaging assembly 1, the right optical imaging assembly 2, the ranging sensor-inclination sensor-height sensor module 6-2.

[0073] In some embodiments, the left optical imaging assembly 1 and the right optical imaging assembly 2, and / or the left directional light source 3 and the right directional light source 4 are installed on the multifunctional base 6 (upper connecting plate 6-1) through the pitch angle adjusting device, so as to realize the pitch angle adjustment of the left optical imaging assembly 1 and the right optical imaging assembly 2, and / or the left directional light source 3 and the right directional light source 4. At this time, the left optical imaging assembly 1 and the right optical imaging assembly 2, and / or the left directional light source 3 and the right directional light source 4 are all installed with the inclination angle sensor, which respectively measures the inclination angle of the left optical imaging assembly 1, the right optical imaging assembly 2, the left directional light source 3 and the right directional light source 4, and corrects the measurement error caused by the inclination of the left optical imaging assembly 1, the right optical imaging assembly 2, the left directional light source 3 and the right directional light source 4.

[0074] In some embodiments, as shown in Figure 4 The triangular support frame 7 includes a tripod fixing seat 7-1, a leg connecting seat 7-2, a leg 7-3 and a leg base 7-4. The multifunctional base 6 is installed on the tripod fixing seat 7-1, the leg 7-3 is installed at the bottom of the tripod fixing seat 7-1 through the leg connecting seat 7-2, and the leg 7-3 is fixed on the structure such as the bridge deck 10 to be monitored through the leg base 7-4 at the bottom of the leg 7-3.

[0075] Embodiment 2

[0076] The embodiment provides a bridge relative displacement and relative rotation angle measurement sensor based on symmetric optical imaging, as shown in Figure 7 The embodiment provides a bridge relative displacement and relative rotation angle measurement sensor based on symmetric optical imaging, as shown in

[0077] The first sensor 8 is arranged at the measurement station A.

[0078] The second sensor 9 is arranged at the measurement station B which is located at the right side of the measurement station A.

[0079] The first sensor 8 includes the right optical imaging assembly 2 and the right directional light source 4.

[0080] The second sensor 9 includes the left optical imaging assembly 1 and the left directional light source 3.

[0081] The right optical imaging assembly 2 of the first sensor 8 corresponds to the left directional light source 3 of the second sensor 9, and the right optical imaging assembly 2 images the left directional light source 3.

[0082] The left optical imaging assembly 1 of the second sensor 9 corresponds to the right directional light source 4 of the first sensor 8, and the left optical imaging assembly 1 images the right directional light source 4.

[0083] In some embodiments, the first sensor 8 is mounted on a second mounting seat, and the second sensor 9 is mounted on a third mounting seat, and the second mounting seat and the third mounting seat are consistent with the first mounting seat structure of Embodiment 1;

[0084] The output ends of the right optical imaging assembly 2 and the distance sensor-inclination sensor-altitude sensor module 6-2 on the second mounting seat are electrically connected to different input ends of the data acquisition processor 6-5 thereof, and the data acquisition processor 6-5 on the second mounting seat calculates the displacement and the rotation angle of the survey station B relative to the survey station A according to the measurement data of the right optical imaging assembly 2 and the distance sensor-inclination sensor-altitude sensor module 6-2.

[0085] The output ends of the left optical imaging assembly 1 and the distance sensor-inclination sensor-altitude sensor module 6-2 on the third mounting seat are electrically connected to different input ends of the data acquisition processor 6-5 thereof, and the data acquisition processor 6-5 on the third mounting seat calculates the displacement and the rotation angle of the survey station A relative to the survey station B according to the measurement data of the left optical imaging assembly 1 and the distance sensor-inclination sensor-altitude sensor module 6-2.

[0086] In some embodiments, the right optical imaging assembly 2 of the first sensor 8 and the left optical imaging assembly 1 of the second sensor 9 are mounted through the pitch angle adjusting device, which can adjust the right optical imaging assembly 2 of the first sensor 8 to be aligned with the left directional light source 3 of the second sensor 9, and the left optical imaging assembly 1 of the second sensor 9 to be aligned with the right directional light source 4 of the first sensor 8, and the inclination sensor of the distance sensor-inclination sensor-altitude sensor module 6-2 is mounted on the right optical imaging assembly 2 of the first sensor 8 and the left optical imaging assembly 1 of the second sensor 9 to measure the inclination of the right optical imaging assembly 2 of the first sensor 8 and the left optical imaging assembly 1 of the second sensor 9 and correct the measurement error caused by the inclination of the right optical imaging assembly 2 of the first sensor 8 and the left optical imaging assembly 1 of the second sensor 9.

[0087] In some embodiments, the right directional light source 4 of the first sensor 8 and the left directional light source 3 of the second sensor 9 are installed through the pitch angle adjustment device, which can adjust the alignment of the right directional light source 4 of the first sensor 8 and the left optical imaging assembly 1 of the second sensor 9, and the alignment of the left directional light source 3 of the second sensor 9 and the right optical imaging assembly 2 of the first sensor 8, and the inclination sensor of the distance sensor-inclination sensor-altitude sensor module 6-2 is installed on the right directional light source 4 of the first sensor 8 and the left directional light source 3 of the second sensor 9 to measure the inclination of the right directional light source 4 of the first sensor 8 and the left directional light source 3 of the second sensor 9, and correct the measurement error caused by the inclination of the right optical imaging assembly 2 of the first sensor 8 and the left directional light source 3 of the second sensor 9.

[0088] In some embodiments, as shown in Figure 5 the first sensor 8 and the second sensor 9 adopt the bridge deflection measurement sensor based on symmetric optical imaging as described in Embodiment 1.

[0089] Embodiment 3

[0090] This embodiment provides a bridge relative displacement and relative rotation measurement method based on symmetric optical imaging, which uses the bridge relative displacement and relative rotation measurement sensor based on symmetric optical imaging provided in Embodiment 2 to measure the relative displacement and relative rotation between the measurement station A and the measurement station B, taking the measurement station A as the reference base point, that is, without considering the displacement and rotation of the measurement station A, on this basis, the relative displacement and relative rotation of the measurement station B relative to the measurement station A can be measured, and the specific process is as follows:

[0091] A0 represents the initial position of station A, i.e., the image point formed by the left-directed light source 3 of the second sensor 9 of station B through the right optical imaging component 2 of the first sensor 8 of station A at the initial stage; A1 represents the image point formed by the left-directed light source 3 of the second sensor 9 of station B through the right optical imaging component 2 of the first sensor 8 of station A after station B has moved relative to station A; A2 represents the image point formed by the left-directed light source 3 of the second sensor 9 of station B through the right optical imaging component 2 of the first sensor 8 of station A after station B has rotated relative to station A by an angle β; A3 represents the image point formed by the left-directed light source 3 of the second sensor 9 of station B through the right optical imaging component 2 of the first sensor 8 of station A; B0 is the image point formed by the left directional light source 3 of the second sensor 9 of measuring station B through the right optical imaging component 2 of the first sensor 8 of measuring station A after measuring station B moves relative to measuring station A and rotates by an angle β; B1 is the image point formed by the right directional light source 4 of the first sensor 8 of measuring station A through the left optical imaging component 1 of the second sensor 9 of measuring station B after measuring station A moves relative to measuring station B.

[0092] Δ A-B Let Δ be the relative displacement of station B measured at station A: when station B moves only relative to station A, Δ A-B =A0A1;Δ B-A Let Δ be the relative displacement of station A measured at station B. When station A moves only relative to station B, Δ is... B-A =B0B1;Δ β（A-B） Δ is the relative displacement of station B measured at station A when station B rotates only an angle β relative to station A. β（A-B） =A0A2;Δ β（AB） When station B has both relative displacement and rotation angle β compared to station A, the relative displacement Δ of station B measured at station A is given by the measurement at station A. β（AB） =A0A3; The relative movement Δ of station B is obtained through the right optical imaging component 2 of the first sensor 8 at station A. A-B Simultaneously, the relative movement Δ of station A is obtained through the left optical imaging component 1 of the second sensor 9 at station B. B-A And based on the relative displacement Δ A-B and Δ B-A To achieve the measurement of the relative rotation angle between station B and station A:

[0093] (1) When Δ A-B =Δ B-A If the displacements of measuring stations A and B are equal, then β = 0. Figure 6 As shown;

[0094] (2) When Δ A-B = Δ β（A-B） , Δ B-A = 0, the measuring station B rotates only by an angle β relative to the measuring station A, β = tg -1

[0095] (Δ β（A-B） / S), S is the distance between the measuring station A and the measuring station B, as shown in Figure 7 ;

[0096] (3) When Δ A-B = Δ β（AB） ≠ Δ B-A , Δ B-A ≠ 0, the measuring station B not only moves relative to the measuring station A by Δ A-B , but also rotates by an angle β, β = tg -1 (Δ β（AB） - Δ A-B ) / S, Δ A-B = Δ B-A , as shown in Figure 8 .

[0097] The bridge deflection measurement sensor integrates a left optical imaging assembly 1, a right optical imaging assembly 2, a left directional light source 3, a right directional light source 4, a multifunctional base 6 and a triangular support frame 7, can measure the static and dynamic deflection of the bridge, can measure the vertical deflection of the bridge and the lateral displacement of the bridge, realizes multiple measurement functions, can be directly installed on the bridge deflection measuring station on the bridge deck, through the bridge deflection measurement sensor based on symmetric optical imaging installed on the adjacent measuring station on the bridge deck, the relative displacement and the relative rotation angle between the adjacent bridge deflection measuring stations can be obtained. The horizontal distance between the measuring stations is relatively small, which can effectively reduce the influence of atmospheric turbulence, improve the bridge deflection measurement precision, is convenient to install and arrange, and is simple and convenient to use and operate.

[0098] The above merely describes the preferred embodiment of the present application but is not used to limit the protection scope of the present application. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for measuring the relative displacement and relative rotation angle of a bridge based on symmetrical optical imaging, characterized in that, Using station A as a reference point, the relative displacement and relative rotation angle of station B relative to station A are measured. The specific process is as follows: A0, A1, A2, and A3 correspond to the image points formed by the left directional light source (3) of the second sensor (9) of station B through the right optical imaging component (2) of the first sensor (8) of station A after station B moves relative to station A, station B rotates by an angle β relative to station A, and station B moves relative to station A and rotates by an angle β. B0 and B1 correspond to the image points formed by the right directional light source (4) of the first sensor (8) of station A through the left optical imaging component (1) of the second sensor (9) of station B after station A moves relative to station B. Δ A-B Let Δ be the relative displacement of station B measured at station A: when station B moves only relative to station A, Δ A-B =A0A1;Δ B-A Let Δ be the relative displacement of station A measured at station B. When station A moves only relative to station B, Δ is... B-A =B0B1;Δ β（A-B） Δ is the relative displacement of station B measured at station A when station B rotates only an angle β relative to station A. β（A-B） =A0A2;Δ β（AB） When station B has both relative displacement and rotation angle β compared to station A, the relative displacement Δ of station B measured at station A is given by the measurement at station A. β（AB） =A0A3; The relative movement Δ of station B is obtained through the right optical imaging component (2) of the first sensor (8) at station A. A-B Meanwhile, the relative movement Δ of station A is obtained through the left optical imaging component (1) of the second sensor (9) at station B. B-A And based on the relative displacement Δ A-B and Δ B-A This enables the measurement of the relative angle between station B and station A. The relative angle measurement between measuring station B and measuring station A is achieved by following the procedure below: (1) When Δ A-B =Δ B-A If the displacements of station A and station B are equal, then β = 0; (2) When Δ A-B =Δ β（A-B） Δ B-A =0, then station B only rotates by an angle β relative to station A, β=tan -1 (Δ β（A-B） / S), where S is the distance between station A and station B; (3) When Δ A-B =Δ β（AB） ≠Δ B-A Δ B-A If ≠0, then station B, relative to station A, not only moves Δ... A-B It also rotates relative to the angle β, β=tg -1 (Δ) β（AB） -Δ A-B ) / S,Δ A-B =Δ B-A .

Images